Jakarta Flood Disaster Management Ir. Hartanto Dipl. HE Sudarsono, ATP, CES Tokyo, November 2014
KEMENTERIAN PEKERJAAN UMUM DIREKTORAT JENDERAL SUMBER DAYA AIR DIREKTORAT BINA OPERASI DAN PEMELIHARAAN
Point of Discussion A. Jakarta Flood Management Milestones
B. Challenges in Jakarta Flood Management
C. Jakarta Flood Management Implementation
Concept
&
A.1
1621, 1654 Great Flood
Jakarta Flood Management Milestones
1854 Burgelijke Openbare Werken (BOW)
1873 Great Flood, 1 meter inundation
1918 Idea and Starting Point of West Flood Canal Project
Ministry of Public Works
Batavia (Jakarta) Drainage System, 1918, No Flood Canal
A.2
Jakarta Flood Management Milestones
1922 West Flood Canal Completed
1965 Establishment of Flood Prevention Project
1973 Flood Management Masterplan
Masterplan for Jakarta Drainage System, 1973
Batavia (Jakarta) Drainage System, 1922 East Flood Canal, 2010
2010 East Flood Canal along 23.5 Km Completed
B
Challenges in Jakarta Flood Management
1. CHALLENGES 1. LAND USE CHANGES 2. 13 RIVERS ACCROS JAKARTA 3. NARROWING AND SHALLOWING OF THE RIVER CHANNEL 4. LAND SUBSIDENCE OF JAKARTA 5. JAKARTA DRAINAGE SYSTEM
Ciliwung – Cisadane River Basin
2. RAINFALL
3. FLOOD
B.1.1
Challenges - Land Use Changes 1970’s
6900 00
695 000
700 00 0
70 500 0
71 000 0
LAND USE CHANGES IN JAKARTA 1970’s - 2000’s
71 500 0
9325000
9325000
9320000
9320000
9315000
D
9315000
9315000 9310000
9300000
9300000
9305000
9305000
9325000
715000
9320000
710000
9315000
705000
9310000
700000
9320000
9310000
695000
9325000
9310000
1972
Jakarta area approximately 65.000 Ha with Population Density about 20.000 to 30.000 people/Km² (2014)
1980’s 690000
9295000
9295000
6900 00
695 000
700 00 0
70 500 0
71 000 0
71 500 0
1990’s 700000
705000
710000
715000
9325000
9305000
9305000
695000
9325000
690000
9320000 9315000 9310000
710000
9305000
9295000
705000
715000
69 000 0
6950 00
2000’s 70 500 0
710 000
71500 0
70 000 0
70 500 0
710 000
71500 0
9325000
70 000 0
9320000
690000
695000
700000
705000
710000
715000
9310000
9300000
Downstream t3
2002
9295000
t2
9295000
Midstream
9300000
Upstream t1
9305000
9305000
9310000
BOGOR
9315000
DEPOK
9315000
9295000
9295000
t0
9320000
S. Ciliwung
9300000
9325000
1993
9300000
2000 m dpl
700000
9305000
695000
9310000
690000
9315000
9295000
Ciliwung River Basin JAKARTA
9320000
9300000
9300000
D
69 000 0
6950 00
B.1.2
Challenges - 13 Rivers Accros Jakarta
JAKARTA 20th Century CENGKARENG DRAIN
West Flood Canal
Cengkareng Sluicegate
Weir III CAKUNG DRAIN
MOOKERVART
East Flood Canal Weir II
ANGKE
CAKUNG Karet Sluicegate
Manggarai Sluicegate
PESANGGRAHAN
JATI KRAMAT BUARAN Weir I GROGOL
SUNTER
CIPINANG KRUKUT
KALI BARU TIMUR
FLOOD WAY/SUNGAI BUATAN
KALI BARU BARAT CILIWUNG
B.1.3
Challenges - Narrowing and Shallowing of The River Channel
River Embankment Riverbanks Riverbed
B.1.4
Challenges - Land Subsidence of Jakarta
Land Subsidence With Sea Level Rise
Kondisi Land Subsidence Sea Level Rise
1989
Tahun 2007
2025
(-)
46-60 cm
46-60 cm
(+)
50 cm
50 cm
B.1.5
Challenges - Jakarta Drainage System
JAVA SEA
B.2.1
Rainfall
55.63 15
8
18-Jan-14
35
40 20 0
12-Jan-14
Upstream
47
17-Jan-14
Curah Hujan (mm)
18-Jan-14
17-Jan-14
16-Jan-14
15-Jan-14
14-Jan-14
80 60
PCH Cawang 128 Rainfall Station
16-Jan-14
20.5
13.5
132.5
140 120 100
15-Jan-14
45.5 47.75
14-Jan-14
56
Daily Rainfall from 12 – 18 January 2014
Cilember Rainfall 67 Station
13-Jan-14
76
12-Jan-14
t0
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
13-Jan-14
Rainfall /mm
2000 m dpl
Ciliwung Daily Rainfall Information in the Event of Flooding, Jan. 2014
t1
16
6
18-Jan-14
17-Jan-14
16-Jan-14
15-Jan-14
14-Jan-14
13-Jan-14
0
Curah Hujan (mm)
20
Downstream
77
t3
57.00 45 35
28 10 18-Jan-14
40
71
17-Jan-14
60
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
16-Jan-14
66.5 64.63
15-Jan-14
80
t2PCH Jemb Panus
14-Jan-14
92
12-Jan-14
Curah Hujan (mm)
100
Midstream 115.5
13-Jan-14
120
Gadog Rainfall Station 94
12-Jan-14
140
Sumber: BBWS Cil-Cis
B.2.2
Rainfall
Ciliwung Daily Rainfall Information in the Event of Flooding, Jan. 2014 2000 m dpl
Curah Hujan (mm)
250 200
Daily Rainfall on 28-29 Januari 2014
253
150
120
t0
69
50 0 28-Jan-14
29-Jan-14
Curah Hujan (mm)
100
Katulampa Rainfall 107 Station
100 80 60 29
40 20 0
28-Jan-14
29-Jan-14
Curah Hujan (mm)
Rawa Gede Rainfall Station
300
160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0
138
Cawang Rainfalll Station 1.8 28-Jan-14
Upstream
29-Jan-14
t1 t2 135
48 150
29-Jan-14
Gadog Rainfall Station
169
100 50
Depok Rainfall Station 25
44
0
23
20 14
15 10 5
29-Jan-14
140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0
116
Manggarai Rainfall Station 0 28-Jan-14
0 28-Jan-14
Curah Hujan (mm)
200
28-Jan-14
t3
Downstream Curah Hujan (mm)
160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0
Cilember Rainfall Station
Curah Hujan (mm)
Curah Hujan (mm)
Midstream
28-Jan-14
29-Jan-14
29-Jan-14
Sumber: BBWS Cil-Cis
B.3.1
Floods Flood Inundation in 2013
Flood Inundation in 2014
Flood Inundation in 2007 No
Kriteria
1.
Inundation Area
2.
Percentage to Jakarta Area
3.
Flood Evacuees
4.
Fatalities
5.
Losses
2014
2013
2007
115,10 Km²
117,29 Km²
231,80 Km²
7%
8%
45%
88.379 jiwa
96.520 jiwa
320.000 jiwa
26 jiwa
38 jiwa
80 jiwa
Rp. 5 Trilliyun ±$420.000.000 *BNPB
Rp. 7,5 Trilliyun ±$631.000.000 *BNPB
Rp ±5,2 Trilliyun ±$437.000.000 *BAPPENAS
B.3.2
Floods
PICTURES FROM JAKARTA FLOODING IN 2014
Kedoya Flooding, 2014 (source www.merdeka.com)
Kampung Pulo Flooding, 2014 (source Liputan6)
Bukit Duri Flooding, 2014 (source www.merdeka.com)
Beberapa gambar dari kejadian banjir Jakarta pada Januari 2014
B.3.3
Floods
Due to the Flooding, community activities disrupted
C
Jakarta Flood Management Concept & Implementation
STRUCTURAL MITIGATION
FLOOD MANAGEMENT CONCEPT & IMPLEMENTATION
NON-STRUCTURAL MITIGATION
1. Total Solution for Ciliwung 2. National Capital Integrated Coastal Development (NCICD) 3. Jakarta Drainage System
1. Spatial Controlling 2. Increasing Public Awareness 3. Early Warning System 4. Flood Prone Area Mapping 5. Water Council and National Movement for Water Safeguard Partnership 6. Weather Modification
C.1.1
Structural Mitigation – Total Solution for Ciliwung
TOTAL SOLUTION FOR CILIWUNG
C.1.1.a
Total Solution for Ciliwung - Ciliwung Restoration and Rehabilitation PA. MANGGARAI
JEMB. TB. SIMATUPANG JL. PAHLAWAN KALIBATA
JEMB. CASABLANCA
Eretan Condet
MAB Q50 TH +9,980
+10,901
EL. DS +4,401
7,50
14,00 50,00 65,00
CILIWUNG RESTORATION AND REHABILITATION Location : TB Simatupang - Manggarai Lenght : 19 Km Cross-section : existing 10 to 20 meter, after Rehab 50 meter Discharge : Existing 200 m³/det, after Rehab 520 m³/det
7,50
C.1.1.b
Total Solution for Ciliwung 1 (one) Sluice Addition at Manggarai and Karet Sluicegate each KARET SLUICEGATE
Capacity Enhancement from 500 m³/det to 750 m³/det
North
WEST FLOOD CANAL MANGGARAI SLUICEGATE stream
Capacity Enhancement from 330 m³/det to 500 m³/det
C.1.1.c
Total Solution for Ciliwung Re-Functioning The Original Ciliwung River According to Its Capacity END POINT ISTIQLAL MOSQUE
Existing Condition of Original Ciliwung River PEJAMBON BRIDGE, GAMBIR
KRAMAT BRIDGE, KWITANG
RADEN SALEH BRIDGE, CIKINI
4.00 + 6.69
20.00 MAB + 5.69
4.00 MATRAMAN bridge
+ 2.38 15.00 SHEET PILE
SHEET PILE
REVITALIZATION ON ORIGINAL CILIWUNG RIVER Location : Manggarai Sluicegate – Istiqlal Mosque Lenght : 8.5 KM Cross-section : 15 m – 20 m Discharge : 70 m³/det
Starting Point MANGGARAI
Solution CiliwungCITY LAKES ONTotal JAKARTA ANDfor SATELLITE C.1.1.d 1) Lakes Revitalization Total of Lakes 183 (83 Rehab)
Jakarta Utara 1 lakes
Kab Tanggerang 24 lakes (7 Rehab)
Jakarta Barat No lakes
Kota Tanggerang 5 lakes (2 Rehab)
Jakarta Pusat 2 lakes
Kota Tanggerang. Selatan 12 lakes (7 Rehab) Kota Depok 23 lakes (19 Rehab) Kota Bogor 4 lakes (1 Rehab) Kab. Bogor 83 lakes (39 Rehab)
Kab Bekasi 14 lakes (4 Rehab) Kota Bekasi 2 lakes (2 Rehab)
Jakarta Timur 8 lakes (1 Rehab)
Jakarta Selatan 5 lakes
C.1.1.d
Total Solution for Ciliwung 2) Channel Reservoir & Infiltration Wells CHANNEL RESERVOIR DEVELOPMENT
In 2014 there are 125 units of Channel Reservoir with total capacity ±62.500 m³ 10 Unit/year Channel Reservoir develop up to 2021 CIMANDALA Channel CIKRETEG Channel Reservoir INFILTRATION WELLS DEVELOPMENT Reservoir
Started in 2014, there are 115 units of infiltration wells constructed
C.1.1.e
Total Solution for Ciliwung 1) Diversion Tunnel from Ciliwung River to Cipinang River (East Flood Canal) 2 Concrete Tunnel each Øinner = 3.5 m
WALL, t = 200mm
Karet Sluicegate
ANGKE
Manggarai Sluicegate
JATI KRAMAT EAST BUARAN FLOOD
CANAL
WEST FLOOD CANAL
SUNTER CIPINANG KRUKUT
KALI BARU BARAT FLOOD WAY/SUNGAI BUATAN CILIWUNG
BORED PILE Ø1000, L=10000
DIVERSION CHANNEL FROM CILIWUNG TO CIPINANG RIVER
PRIMARY PILE Dia. 0.8 m, L=35 m SECONDARY PILE Dia. 1.0 m, L=35 m
inlet
1.250 m Jl. Otista
CILIWUNG RIVER
Outlet
Jl. Otista 3
816 m DPS 1 BKT Pemakaman Kebon Nanas
Total Solution for Ciliwung 2) Diversion Tunnel from Ciliwung River to Cipinang River (East Flood Canal)
C.1.1.e
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF FLOODWAY SYSTEM Q100 +13,60 m Q50 +13,25 m Q25 +12,92 m
Q5 +12,07 m
Riverbed before Rehab Riverbed after Rehab
+8,22 m +6,9 m
inlet
Cipinang Riverbed +11.38 m
+13,00 m MA +10 m
+9,00 m
Open Ciliwung channel River
+4,19 m
+9,13 m
+7,8 m +7,10 m
0.716%
+0,14 m
Cipinang Riverbed After Rehab 560 m
-0,46 m
outlet
+10,55 m
Cipinang River
East Flood Canal
Cipinang
Ciliwung
Periode Ulang (tahun) Debit (m3/s)
Normal 7 Elevasi (+m) 7.646
2 84 9.722
5 106 10.165
10 114 10.325
20 122 10.462
25 127 10.556
50 130 10.620
100 135 10.722
1.01
80
9.467
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
209
10.818
22
21
15
11
8
4
2
0.2
5
314
11.820
43
38
33
31
29
28
27
25
10
375
12.372
52
44
40
38
36
35
34
33
20
409
12.666
58
47
43
41
40
39
38
37
25
439
12.917
60
49
45
44
43
42
41
40
50
481
13.257
63
53
49
47
46
45
45
44
100
526
13.603
66
56
53
51
50
49
49
48
C.1.2.a
Structural Mitigation - National Capital Integrated Coastal Development
Master Plan NCICD
• •
High rate of land subsidence Closed bay before 2022
• • • Existing sea dike and drainage pumps
Lower rate of land subsidence Closed bay after 2022
NORTH JAKARTA
C.1.2.b
Structural Mitigation - National Capital Integrated Coastal Development
C.1.3.a
Structural Mitigation - Jakarta Drainage System JEDI-Jakarta Emergency Dredging Initiative (JUFMP-Jakarta Urgent Flood Mitigation Project)
P. 4
P. 6
P. 5
P. 4 P. 2A P. 7 P. 1
P. 4
P. 5 P. 7
P. 4
P. 2B
P. 7 P. 3
DGWR DGHS DKI PW
P. 6
P. 1
DGWR (4 Location) Cengkareng Floodway (P.2A) Lower Sunter Floodway (P.2B) Upper Sunter Floodway (P.6) West Banjir Canal (P.6)
DGHS (3 Location) Lower Angke Drain (P.5) Cideng Thamrin Drain (P.3) Tanjung Drain (P.5)
PU. DKI (9 Location) Ciliwung Gunung Sahari Drain (P.1) Sentiong Sunter Drain (P.4) Waduk Melati (P.1) Grogol Sekretaris Diversion (P.7) Waduk Sunter Selatan (P.4)
Waduk Sunter Utara (P.4) Waduk Sunter Timur III (P.4) Pakin-K. Besar-Jelakeng Drain (P.7) Krukut Cideng Drain (P.7)
C.1.3.b
Structural Mitigation - Jakarta Drainage System
Jakarta Drainage System Rehabilitation
C.2.1
Non-Structural Mitigation - Spatial Controlling
C.2.2.a
Non-Structural Mitigation - Increasing Public Awarness
• Public Forum/Direct Meeting
• Print Media
• Media Elektronik
interactive dialogue in Public Television
Documentary
Public Service Announcements
C.2.2.b
Non-Structural Mitigation - Increasing Public Awarness
• Conservation efforts, planting trees around Ciliwung River by the community
• Ciliwung Clean-up Activity by community
C.2.3.a
Non-Structural Mitigation - Early Warning System LAUT JAWA
U
Flood Mitigation Command Post and Flood Monitoring Station Cimanceuri
K. Tahang
BBWS Ciliwung - Cisadane
K. Buaran
K. Cakung
Cikarang
14
Pondok Gede
Ciputat
7 Cimatuk
16.a BEKASI
13
Ciliwung
Serpong
ke Serang
4
K. Mampang K. Cideng
+ 16.46
K. Abang
K. Sekretaris
15
+ 6.01
K. Krukut
Curug
K. Marunda
CengkarengDrain
Ciledug
Pos Siaga Banjir Pos Pengamatan Banjir: 1. Pos Batu Belah 2. Pos PA Pasar Baru Tangerang 3. Pos Pesanggrahan/Sawangan KARAWANG 4. Pos PA Pondok Pinang 5. Pos Cengkareng Drain 6. Pos Bend Katulampa 7. Pos Depok 8. Pos PA Manggarai 9. Pos Sta Pompa Ancol Curug 10. Pos Sta Pompa Rawa Badak 11. Pos Cileungsi 12. Pos Cikeas Waduk Jatiluhur 13. Pos Villa Nusa Indah 14. Pos Bendung Bekasi 15. Pos Bendung Gintung 16. Pos PA Banjir Kanal Barat : a. Weir 1 b. Weir 2 c. Weir 3
16.b
10 8
K. Sepak Sal. Meruya
2
16.c
JAKARTA
5
TANGERANG
Balaraja
9
Cimanggis Cileungsi
DEPOK Cibarusa Parung
12 11
3
Gunung Putri
Jonggol
1 ke Rangkasbitung
BOGOR Empang + 240.97
6
+ 243.33
Katulampa
ke Cianjur 0 Gn. Pangrango
2
4
6
8
10
12 km
C.2.3.b
Non-Structural Mitigation - Early Warning System
COMMUNICATION EARLY WARNING SYSTEM SchemeSYSTEM of Early ON Warning System for Ciliwung River
Sta. Cilember (rainfall) Cil
iwu ng R
Sta. Katulampa (Rainfall & WL)) iver
Sta. Depok Jemb. Panus (WL)
KP = 3 – 4 Jam Tf = 3- 4 hours L =L 41 = Km 41 km
Sta. MT Haryono (WL)
PA Manggarai (WL & Rainfall)
KP =7- 8 Jam Tf = 8 hours L =L40 = Km 40 km KP = 2 Jam Tf = 2 hours = 0.8 km L =L0,8Km Tf = 1 3 – 14 hours
KP Rate Time Tf= Flow = Travel L L = Distance = distance 9 km) WL = Water LevelLevel WL = Water
C.2.4
Non-Structural Mitigation - Flood Prone Area Mapping
C.2.5
Non-Structural Mitigation - Water Council (TKPSDA) and National Movement for Water Safeguard Partnership (GN-KPA)
•Water Council (or TKPSDA)
• National Movement for Water Safeguard Partnership (or GN-KPA)
C.2.6
Non-Structural Mitigation - Weather Modification
THANK YOU
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