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THIS DAY IN HISTORY (/THIS-DAY-INHISTORY) General Interest
44 B.C. The Ides of March Share this: PRINT
(HTTP://WWW.HISTORY.COM/THIS-DAY-IN-HISTORY/THE-IDES-OF-MARCH/PRINT) CITE
Gaius Julius Caesar (/topics/ancient-history/julius-caesar), dictator of Rome, is stabbed to death in the Roman Senate house by 60 conspirators led by Marcus Junius Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus. Caesar, born into the Julii, an ancient but not particularly distinguished Roman aristocratic family, began his political career in 78 B.C. as a prosecutor for the anti-patrician Popular Party. He won influence in the party for his reformist ideas and oratorical skills, and aided Roman imperial efforts by raising a private army to combat the king of Pontus in 74 B.C. He was an ally of Pompey, the recognized head of the Popular Party, and essentially took over this position after Pompey left Rome in 67 B.C. to become commander of Roman
ALSO ON THIS DAY Lead Story
1965 Johnson calls for equal voting rights (/thisday-in-history/johnson-calls-for-equal-voting-rights) American Revolution
forces in the east. In 63 B.C., Caesar was elected pontifex maximus, or “high priest,” allegedly by heavy bribes. Two years later, he was made governor of Farther Spain and in 60 B.C. returned to Rome, ambitious for the
1783 Washington puts an end to the Newburgh Conspiracy (/this-day-in-history/washington-putsan-end-to-the-newburgh-conspiracy) Automotive
Roman Republic, was shared by two politicians on an annual basis.
1968 Construction begins on America’s highest vehicle tunnel (/this-day-in-history/constructionbegins-on-americas-highest-vehicle-tunnel)
Consuls commanded the army, presided over the Senate and
Civil War
executed its decrees, and represented the state in foreign affairs.
1831 Edward A. Perry born (/this-day-inhistory/edward-a-perry-born)
office of consul. The consulship, essentially the highest office in the
Caesar formed a political alliance–the so-called First Triumvirate–with Pompey and Marcus Licinius Crassus, the wealthiest man in Rome,
Cold War
the majority of the Roman Senate, Caesar’s land reforms won him
1989 Gorbachev calls for radical agricultural reform (/this-day-in-history/gorbachev-calls-forradical-agricultural-reform)
popularity with many Romans.
Crime
and in 59 B.C. was elected consul. Although generally opposed by
In 58 B.C., Caesar was given four Roman legions in Cisalpine Gaul and Illyricum, and during the next decade demonstrated brilliant military talents as he expanded the Roman Empire and his reputation. Among other achievements, Caesar conquered all of Gaul, made the first Roman inroads into Britain, and won devoted supporters in his legions. However, his successes also aroused Pompey’s jealousy, leading to the collapse of their political alliance in 53 B.C. The Roman Senate supported Pompey and asked Caesar to give up his army, which he refused to do. In January 49 B.C., Caesar led his legions across the Rubicon River from Cisalpine Gaul to Italy, thus declaring war against Pompey and his forces. Caesar made early gains in the subsequent civil war, defeating Pompey’s army in Italy and Spain, but was later forced into retreat in Greece. In August 48 B.C., with Pompey in pursuit, Caesar paused near Pharsalus, setting up camp at a strategic location. When Pompey’s senatorial forces fell upon Caesar’s smaller army, they were entirely routed, and Pompey fled to Egypt, where he was assassinated by an officer of the Egyptian king. Caesar was subsequently appointed Roman consul and dictator, but
44 B.C. The ides of March: Julius Caesar is murdered (/this-day-in-history/the-ides-of-marchjulius-caesar-is-murdered) Disaster
1941 Blizzard unexpectedly hits North Dakota and Minnesota (/this-day-in-history/blizzardunexpectedly-hits-north-dakota-and-minnesota) General Interest
44 B.C. The Ides of March (/this-day-in-history/theides-of-march) 1820 Maine enters the Union (/this-day-inhistory/maine-enters-the-union) 1917 Czar Nicholas II abdicates (/this-day-inhistory/czar-nicholas-ii-abdicates) Hollywood
1972 Francis Ford Coppola’s The Godfather opens (/this-day-in-history/francis-ford-coppolasthe-godfather-opens) Literary
44 Julius Caesar is stabbed (/this-day-inhistory/julius-caesar-is-stabbed) Music
1959 Frankie Avalon’s “Venus” hits #1 (/this-dayin-history/frankie-avalons-venus-hits-1) Old West
before settling in Rome he traveled around the empire for several
1767 Andrew Jackson born (/this-day-inhistory/andrew-jackson-born)
years and consolidated his rule. In 45 B.C., he returned to Rome
Presidential
and was made dictator for life. As sole Roman ruler, Caesar launched ambitious programs of reform within the empire. The most lasting of these was his establishment of the Julian calendar, which, with the exception of a slight modification and adjustment in the 16th century, remains in use today. He also planned new imperial expansions in central Europe and to the east. In the midst of these vast designs, he was assassinated on March 15, 44 B.C., by a
1767 Andrew Jackson is born (/this-day-inhistory/andrew-jackson-is-born) Sports
1970 Bobby Orr scores 100 points in one season (/this-day-in-history/bobby-orr-scores-100-pointsin-one-season) Vietnam War
of which Octavian, Caesar’s grand-nephew, would emerge as
1965 Army Chief of Staff reports on South Vietnam (/this-day-in-history/army-chief-of-staff-reports-onsouth-vietnam) 1973 President Nixon hints at reintervention (/thisday-in-history/president-nixon-hints-atreintervention)
Augustus (/topics/ancient-history/emperor-augustus), the first Roman
World War I
group of conspirators who believed that his death would lead to the restoration of the Roman Republic. However, the result of the “Ides of March” was to plunge Rome into a fresh round of civil wars, out
emperor, destroying the republic forever.
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ALSO ON THIS DAY
(/this-day-in-history/johnson-calls-for-equal-voting-rights) Lead Story
1965 Johnson calls for equal voting rights (/this-dayin-history/johnson-calls-for-equal-voting-rights) On this day in 1965, President Lyndon B. Johnson addressed a joint session of Congress to urge the passage of legislation guaranteeing voting rights for all. Using the phrase “we shall overcome,” borrowed from African-American leaders struggling for equal rights, Johnson declared that “every American citizen must have an equal right...
Read More (/this-day-in-history/johnson-calls-for-equal-voting-rights)
American Revolution
1783 Washington puts an end to the Newburgh Conspiracy (/this-day-in-history/washingtonputs-an-end-to-the-newburgh-conspiracy) On the morning of March 15, 1783, General George Washington makes a surprise appearance at an assembly of army officers at Newburgh, New York, to calm the growing frustration and distrust they had been openly expressing towards Congress in the previous few weeks. Angry with Congress for failing to...
Read More (/this-day-in-history/washington-puts-an-end-to-the-newburghconspiracy)
Automotive
1968 Construction begins on America’s highest vehicle tunnel (/this-day-inhistory/construction-begins-on-americashighest-vehicle-tunnel) On this day in 1968, construction starts on the north tunnel of the Eisenhower/Johnson Memorial Tunnel on Interstate 70 in Colorado, some 60 miles west of Denver. Located at an altitude of more than 11,000 feet, the project was an engineering marvel and became the world’s highest vehicular tunnel when...
Read More (/this-day-in-history/construction-begins-on-americas-highest-vehicletunnel)
Civil War
1831 Edward A. Perry born (/this-day-inhistory/edward-a-perry-born) On this day in 1831, Confederate General Edward Aylesworth Perry is born in Richmond, Massachusetts. The transplanted Yankee led a Florida brigade during the Civil War, and served as governor of the state after the war.Perry received his education at Lee Academy in Massachusetts and Yale University. In 1852, he... Read More (/this-day-in-history/edward-a-perry-born)
Cold War
1989 Gorbachev calls for radical agricultural reform (/this-day-in-history/gorbachev-calls-forradical-agricultural-reform) In a dramatic indication of just how far he wants his reforms to go, General Secretary of the Communist Party Mikhail Gorbachev calls for an end to the Soviet agricultural bureaucracy and the introduction of free market principles. Gorbachev’s speech was an indication that his economic program in the Soviet...
Read More (/this-day-in-history/gorbachev-calls-for-radical-agricultural-reform)
Crime
44 B.C. The ides of March: Julius Caesar is murdered (/this-day-in-history/the-ides-of-march-juliuscaesar-is-murdered) Julius Caesar, the”dictator for life”of the Roman Empire, is murdered by his own senators at a meeting in a hall next to Pompey’s Theatre. The conspiracy against Caesar encompassed as many as sixty noblemen, including Caesar’s own protege, Marcus Brutus. Caesar was scheduled to leave Rome to fight in a war...
Read More (/this-day-in-history/the-ides-of-march-julius-caesar-is-murdered)
Disaster
1941 Blizzard unexpectedly hits North Dakota and Minnesota (/this-day-in-history/blizzardunexpectedly-hits-north-dakota-andminnesota) A fast-moving and severe blizzard hits North Dakota and Minnesota, killing 151 people, on this day in 1941. Weather forecasting and reporting made important advances following this disaster that would have prevented the loss of life that occurred due to the sudden storm. The people of North...
Read More (/this-day-in-history/blizzard-unexpectedly-hits-north-dakota-andminnesota)
General Interest
1820 Maine enters the Union (/this-day-inhistory/maine-enters-the-union) As part of the Missouri Compromise between the North and the South, Maine is admitted into the Union as the 23rd state. Administered as a province of Massachusetts since 1647, the entrance of Maine as a free state was agreed to by Southern senators in exchange for the entrance of... Read More (/this-day-in-history/maine-enters-the-union)
1917 Czar Nicholas II abdicates (/this-day-inhistory/czar-nicholas-ii-abdicates) During the February Revolution, Czar Nicholas II, ruler of Russia since 1894, is forced to abdicate the throne by the Petrograd insurgents, and a provincial government is installed in his place.Crowned on May 26, 1894, Nicholas was neither trained nor inclined to rule, which did not help the autocracy he... Read More (/this-day-in-history/czar-nicholas-ii-abdicates)
Hollywood
1972 Francis Ford Coppola’s The Godfather opens (/this-day-in-history/francis-ford-coppolas-thegodfather-opens) On this day in 1972, The Godfather–a three-hour epic chronicling the lives of the Corleones, an Italian-American crime family led by the powerful Vito Corleone (Marlon Brando)–is released in theaters. The Godfather was adapted from the best-selling book of the same name by Mario Puzo, a novelist who grew up in...
Read More (/this-day-in-history/francis-ford-coppolas-the-godfather-opens)
Literary
44 Julius Caesar is stabbed (/this-day-inhistory/julius-caesar-is-stabbed) “Beware the Ides of March,” the soothsayer urges Julius Caesar in Shakespeare’s Tragedy of Julius Caesar (act I, scene ii). Despite the forewarning, Caesar is stabbed in the back by his friend Marcus Brutus. Caesar falls and utters his famous last words, “Et tu, Brute?” (And you, Brutus?) Shakespeare’s source for... Read More (/this-day-in-history/julius-caesar-is-stabbed)
Music
1959 Frankie Avalon’s “Venus” hits #1 (/this-day-inhistory/frankie-avalons-venus-hits-1) The business minds behind American Idol are not the first to try their hand at manufacturing pop stars. In fact, the process of corporate idol-making is nearly as old as rock and roll itself. The first manmade idols were launched in the late 1950s from Philadelphia, where a handful of... Read More (/this-day-in-history/frankie-avalons-venus-hits-1)
Old West
1767 Andrew Jackson born (/this-day-inhistory/andrew-jackson-born) Andrew Jackson is born in the Garden of the Waxhaws, South Carolina. The son of Irish immigrants, Jackson spent much of his early life in the rough-and-tumble frontier regions of South Carolina and Tennessee. His father died from injuries sustained while lifting a heavy log, and his mother was left... Read More (/this-day-in-history/andrew-jackson-born)
Presidential
1767 Andrew Jackson is born (/this-day-inhistory/andrew-jackson-is-born) Future President Andrew Jackson is born in a backwoods region between North and South Carolina to Irish immigrant parents on this day in 1767. Jackson was essentially an orphan—all but one member of his family were killed during the Revolutionary War–who rose from humble beginnings to become a celebrated soldier... Read More (/this-day-in-history/andrew-jackson-is-born)
Sports
1970 Bobby Orr scores 100 points in one season (/this-day-in-history/bobby-orr-scores-100points-in-one-season) On March 15, 1970, Boston Bruin Bobby Orr becomes the first defenseman in NHL history to score 100 points in a season, after scoring four goals in one game against the Detroit Red Wings. Orr would finish the 1969-70 season with 120 points, a record for a defensive player that...
1917 Russian czar abdicates (/this-day-inhistory/russian-czar-abdicates) World War II
1939 Nazis take Czechoslovakia (/this-day-inhistory/nazis-take-czechoslovakia)
Read More (/this-day-in-history/bobby-orr-scores-100-points-in-one-season)
Vietnam War
1965 Army Chief of Staff reports on South Vietnam (/this-day-in-history/army-chief-of-staff-reportson-south-vietnam) Gen. Harold K. Johnson, Army Chief of Staff, reports on his recent visit to Vietnam to President Lyndon B. Johnson and Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara. He admitted that the recent air raids ordered by President Johnson had not affected the course of the war and said he would like...
Read More (/this-day-in-history/army-chief-of-staff-reports-on-south-vietnam)
1973 President Nixon hints at reintervention (/thisday-in-history/president-nixon-hints-atreintervention) President Nixon hints that the United States might intervene again in Vietnam to prevent communist violations of the truce. A cease-fire under the provisions of the Paris Peace Accords had gone into effect on January 27, 1973, but was quickly and repeatedly violated by both sides as they jockeyed for...
Read More (/this-day-in-history/president-nixon-hints-at-reintervention)
World War I
1917 Russian czar abdicates (/this-day-inhistory/russian-czar-abdicates) During the February Revolution, Czar Nicholas II, ruler of Russia since 1894, is forced to abdicate the throne on this day in 1917, after strikes and general revolts break out in Petrograd (now St. Petersburg). Crowned on May 26, 1894, Nicholas was a relatively weak and ineffectual leader, which did not... Read More (/this-day-in-history/russian-czar-abdicates)
World War II
1939 Nazis take Czechoslovakia (/this-day-inhistory/nazis-take-czechoslovakia) On this day, Hitler’s forces invade and occupy Czechoslovakia–a nation sacrificed on the altar of the Munich Pact, which was a vain attempt to prevent Germany’s imperial aims. On September 30, 1938, Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, French Premier Edouard Daladier, and British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain signed the Munich Pact, which... Read More (/this-day-in-history/nazis-take-czechoslovakia)
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