Aceh Nias Sea Defence, Flood Protection, Escapes and Early Warning Project BRR Concept Note / INFRA 300GI
Quick Scan Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh August 2008, Version 1 SDC-R-80135
Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents ............................................................................... i List of Abbreviations.......................................................................... iii List of Figures .................................................................................. iv List of Tables ................................................................................... iv Location reference Aceh and Nias.......................................................... v 1
Introduction ............................................................................. 1
1.1 1.2
Background................................................................................................ 1 The Quick Scan Report .................................................................................. 1
2
General Description of Banda Aceh Municipality ................................ 3
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10
Location ................................................................................................... 3 Administrative Sub-division ............................................................................. 4 Demography............................................................................................... 4 Impact of the 2004 Tsunami ............................................................................ 6 Physical Conditions and Climate ....................................................................... 7 Hydrology.................................................................................................. 7 Drainage ................................................................................................... 8 Land use and Urban Development Trends ........................................................... 11 City Development Plan (RTRW Banda Aceh)......................................................... 11 Socio Economic Conditions............................................................................. 11
3
Sanitation Governance .............................................................. 14
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8
Introduction .............................................................................................. 14 Provincial Government ................................................................................. 15 City Government ........................................................................................ 15 Sanitation Goals, Targets, and Service Standards .................................................. 19 Legal and Institutional Framework ................................................................... 19 Funding of Urban Sanitation ........................................................................... 20 Coordination with related Programs and Activities ................................................ 21 Embedding of Sanitation Planning in Routine Planning and Budgeting Mechanisms ........... 21
4
Institutional setting .................................................................. 23
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6
Current Sanitation Mapping ............................................................................ 23 Spatial Planning and Urban Development Plan...................................................... 23 Water Supply............................................................................................. 23 Wastewater disposal .................................................................................... 25 Drainage .................................................................................................. 26 Solid Waste Management............................................................................... 29
5
The Pokjasan and Start-up of Urban Sanitation Planning.................... 31
5.1 5.2
Sanitation Workgroup Banda Aceh City - PokjaSan ................................................. 31 Follow-up and Workplan ............................................................................... 31
Colophon
................................................................................... 34
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
List of Appendices ........................................................................... 35 Appendix A ................................................................................... 36 Appendix B ................................................................................... 37 Appendix C ................................................................................... 38 Appendix D ................................................................................... 39 Appendix E ................................................................................... 40 Appendix F ................................................................................... 41
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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ANTERP ARRIS BRR DED EA EIA / EA FS IFI JICA LAT LG MIS MSL NAD NGO PSP PU SD SDC TA UNDP UNHIC UNIMS UPP BRR
: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :
Aceh Nias Tsunami and Earthquake Response Program Aceh Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Information System Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Agency Detailed Engineering Designs Environmental Assessment Environmental Impact Assessment Feasibility Study International Financing Institute Japan International Cooperation Agency Lowest Astronomical Tide Local Government Management Information System Mean Sea Level Nangroe Aceh Darussalam Non Governmental Organisation Private Sector Participation Ministry of Public Works Sea Defence Sea Defense Consultants Technical Assistance United Nations Development Program United Nations Humanitarian Information Centre United Nations Information Management Service Urban Poverty Project Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Agency
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2-1 General location and administrative boundaries of Banda Aceh Municipality................ 3 Figure 2-2 Population at kecamantan level, period 2001 - 2006 ............................................ 4 Figure 2-3 Banda Aceh historic and project population growth ............................................. 4 Figure 2-4 Tsunami Inundation Area, Banda Aceh Municipality ............................................. 6 Figure 2-5 Banda Aceh; Zoning of the main drainage systems.............................................. 9 Figure 3-1 Synergy between levels of government in urban sanitation development................... 14 Figure 3-2 Routine planning process at city level ............................................................ 22 Figure 4-1 City Development Steps............................................................................. 24 Figure 4-2 Current Primary and Secondary water supply networks ........................................ 25 Figure 4-3 Rivers and main drainage canals................................................................... 26 Figure 4-4 macro drainage....................................................................................... 27 Figure 4-5 Indicative implementation schedule for primary and secondary drainage networks....... 28 Figure 4-6 Disposal processing .................................................................................. 29 Figure 5-1 Pokjasan training..................................................................................... 31 Figure 5-2 Outline workplan for Pokjasan Banda Aceh city, period June 2008 – March 2009 .......... 33
LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1 Banda Aceh Tsunami Impact, Administrative and Demographic Key Data ..................... 5 Table 2-2 Historical Tsunamis .................................................................................... 6 Table 2-3 Rivers in Banda Aceh City............................................................................. 7 Table 2-4 Characteristics of the Banda Aceh Drainage Zones ............................................... 8 Table 2-5 Banda Aceh: Drainage zones and their estimated (2005) population ......................... 10 Table 2-6 Population density classification as per city development plan (RTRW 2006 – 2016) ....... 11 Table 2-7 Main Employers in Banda Aceh Municipality ...................................................... 12 Table 2-8 Banda Aceh: GDP (2004 – 2005) per sector........................................................ 12 Table 2-9 Assessed indicative current land use and population densities (2005 – 2006)................ 13 Table 3-1 Structure of the city council ........................................................................ 15 Table 3-2 Local government and other local key institutions for sanitation development............. 17 Table 4-1 Assessment of water supply service levels ........................................................ 23
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LOCATION REFERENCE ACEH AND NIAS
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND The “Sea Defense Consultants” (SDC) project was initiated in support of the rehabilitation and reconstruction efforts of the Indonesian Government in Banda Aceh, the Province Nangroe Aceh Darussalam (NAD) and Nias. Works implemented in the affected areas over the three years after the December 2004 tsunami struck, focused on repairing, reconstructing and/or replacing the sea defense and river flood protection works necessary for the economic recovery of the affected areas. In addition, much of the destroyed housing is being replaced in ‘at risk’ areas which could be affected by future tsunamis. This was done because, rather than resettling the returning population in new areas a more practical policy to provide comprehensive and effective early warning systems was adopted, which together with a system of escape, will provide the returning and future population with an adequate level of security in the event of another disaster. The primary development objective of the SDC-project is to put in place, for the entire province of Aceh and Nias, an appropriate strategy for sea defense, flood protection, multifunction escape facilities, and near-field and far-field early warning systems. Equally important is the implementation of the capacity building program to support the management of the protection systems, which need to be put in place. The SDC-project is at the same time looking ahead strategically in positioning a post-conflict Aceh to support economic growth; the latter will require an investment and development climate in which the risk of future disasters and flooding is considered manageable and living conditions are up to standard. In this context in May 2008 it was agreed between the beneficiary (BRR), the municipal government of Band Aceh and the donor (Royal Netherlands Embassy - RNE) to add, on a pilot basis, a sanitation component for the city of Banda Aceh to the SDC-project. The objective of the SDC’s sanitation component is the introduction of integrated citywide strategic sanitation planning in Banda Aceh City, and to propagate experience gained in other Indonesian cities in the context of Indonesian Sanitation Sector Development Program (ISSDP). In this context the SDC-project assists the municipal government by the development of a sustainable model for citywide sanitation planning aiming at an effective and efficient development of improved sanitation service levels with special attention to marginal areas. All sanitation related activities are implemented in partnership with key city government departments and other stakeholders and coordinated by the city’s Sanitation Working Group (PokjaSan), which was recently established. National and international experts will introduce the planning method and experience gained under ISSDP and subsequently facilitate sanitation mapping (White Book) which would be the basis for the development of a Citywide Sanitation Strategy (CSS) and Action Plan.
1.2 THE QUICK SCAN REPORT This “Quick Scan Report” is the first report prepared as part of the SDC-project’s urban sanitation component. It is the results of the quick scan of the current sanitation conditions in Banda Aceh city which was implemented in the period June – July 2008 by a small team of Sea Defense Consultants. The results of the quick scan of current sanitation conditions will be used by the PokjaSan as an input for the preparation of the White Book Sanitation Kota Banda Aceh, which should become available towards the end of 2008. The results of the quick scan are presented in the chapters 2 trough 4: Chapter 2 General description of Banda Aceh municipality Chapter 3 Current sanitation governance Chapter 4 Initial sanitation mapping Banda Aceh city Aceh Nias Sea Defence, Flood Protection, Escapes and Early Warning Project BRR Concept Note / INFRA 300GI Sea Defence Consultants
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
Chapter 5 - Establishment of the PokjaSan and start-up of the urban sanitation planning process – describes the process leading to the establishment of the PokjaSan, the initial activities implemented by the PokjaSan and includes an outline workplan for the PokjaSan and technical assistance to be provided by the SDC-project and GTZ. Complementary information is provided in the appendices
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2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF BANDA ACEH MUNICIPALITY 2.1 LOCATION Kota Banda Aceh with an area of 61 km2 is located at the coast line of northern Sumatra, its geographical position is: 050.30’- 050.35’ north latitude and 950.30’ – 990.16’ east longitude. Figure 2.1 shows the general location map and the administrative boundaries of the city. Figure 2-1 General location and administrative boundaries of Banda Aceh Municipality
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2.2 ADMINISTRATIVE SUB-DIVISION Banda Aceh is the capital, commercial, cultural and educational center of the Province Nangroe Aceh Darussalam (NAD. Since 2007 the city comprises of 9 kecamaten (districts), 70 Desas and 20 Kelurahans (sub-districts), see table 2.1. and Appendix 2, which includes an administrative boundary map.
2.3 DEMOGRAPHY Before the Tsunami Banda Aceh had a total population of 263.671 persons (2004), after the tsunami the population was reduced by about 71.500 people to 192.230 people. By the end of 2005 the total population amounted to 177.881, and currently the Banda Aceh’s population is estimated at 211.437 persons, or about 80% of the pre-tsunami population. The most effected kecamantan include Meraxa, JayaBaru, Kuta Raja, Syiah Kuala and Kuta Alam (old city center). The effect of the tsunami on the population of the 9 kecamatan and the current population growth trends are illustrated in Figure 2.2. Figure 2-2 Population at kecamantan level, period 2001 - 2006 Historic population growth per sub-district 60.000 50.000
Persons
40.000 30.000 20.000 10.000
Ulee Kareng
Syiah Kuala
Kuta Raja
Kuta Alam
Lueng Bata
Baiturrahman
Banda Raya
Jaya Baru
Meuraxa
0
Sub-district - Kecamatan 2001
2002
2003
Pre tsunami
Post ts unami
2005
2006
In the recently presented City development plan the official population growth for the period 2006 – 2016 is presented, the project indicates that around 2014 Banda Aceh will have about the same population as before the tsunami. Figure 2.3 shows both the historic population development trends as well as the projected population until 2016 Figure 2-3 Banda Aceh historic and project population growth Banda Aceh; Historic and projected population growth 290.000 270.000 250.000 230.000
190.000 170.000
2016
2014
2012
2010
2008
2006
2004
2002
150.000 2000
persons
210.000
Year Historic
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
Table 2-1 Banda Aceh Tsunami Impact, Administrative and Demographic Key Data Code
010
Kecamatan (District) Meuraxa
011
Jaya Baru
012
Banda Raya
020
Baiturrahma n
021
Lueng Bata
030
Kuta Alam
031
Kuta Raja
040
Syiah Kuala
041
Ulee Kareng Municipality Banda Aceh
Village (No) 15 desa 1 kelurahan 8 desa 1 kelurahan 10 desa 4 desa 6 kelurahan 9 desa 3 desa 8 kelurahan 2 desa 4 kelurahan 93 10 desa 9 desa
Tsunami impact 1)
Location 2)
Area
Population
ha
2004
2005
2006
Mixed (L-C)
725,8
34.592
7.583
11.232(
Mixed (S-N)
Mixed (L-C)
378,0
21.305
15.964
16.243
Not affected
Lowland
478,9
23.995
19.535
20.650
Mixed (S-N)
Lowland
453,9
37.715
35.294
29.534
Not affected
Lowland
534,1
19.232
18.763
23.164
Mixed (S-M-N)
Mixed (L-C)
1004,7
54.718
44.248
43.136
Severely
Mixed (L-C)
521,1
21.632
5.202
7.495
Mixed (L-C)
1.424, 4
32.590
34.454
38.633
Lowland
615,0
19.319
17.502
21.350
70 desa 90 kel.
Total
Poor (YanKes) 06 No. %
15
32%
8.815
3.586
41%
40
76%
6.608
1.913
29%
43
86%
8.548
1.554
18%
65
78%
8.972
1.166
13%
43
120%
5.535
825
15%
43
79%
11.690
2.442
2%
14
35%
5.734
1.565
27%
27
119%
10.869
2.671
25%
35
111%
4.270
927
22%
34
81%
71.041
16.649
23%
HH 06
11.226
Severely
Mixed (S-M) Not affected
pers/ha
% pre-Tsu. pop 2006
Density 06
6.135, 9
265.09 8
198.54 5
4)
18.011
19.472
34.477
19.866
47.280
8.209
35.749
20.560
214.850
211.43 7
Notes; source; 2005 and earlier SDC data base, 2006 Department of Health; (4) Population 2006 Dinas tenaga Kerja dan kependududukan 1) S = Severely, M = Moderate; N = Not affected 2) C = Coastal; L = Lowland 3) One Desa was added in 2006 Similar data for all sub-districts are provided in Appendix 1
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2.4 IMPACT OF THE 2004 TSUNAMI A powerful earthquake of magnitude of 9.0 struck northern Sumatra on 26 December 2004 at 07:58 a.m. The earthquake was felt widely along the coast of Indian Ocean. A major Indian Ocean-wide tsunami was generated by this earthquake which struck India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Thailand, Malaysia and part of Africa, causing heavy fatalities. Heavy damage and panic were reported from Banda Aceh City. Many buildings in the city collapsed in the earthquake and a number of cracks appeared in buildings which were shaken violently. The earthquake was recorded as the third largest earthquake in the world and the strongest during the instrumented era in seismology i.e. 1966 to present. Figure 2-4 Tsunami Inundation Area, Banda Aceh Municipality
Scource; JICA Study Team
The devastating tsunami was a direct consequence of the earthquake, which causes movement of the seafloor all along the length of rupture, displacing a huge volume of water and generating the tsunami wave. Historical tsunamis generated by the earthquakes of the plate boundary between the Indian Ocean and the Burmese Micro-Plate are given in Table 2.2. The largest tsunami (Mt=3) the same as the 2004 Tsunami was recorded in 1861 (145 years ago), a tsunami with medium-scale (Mt=2) happened in 1907, (98 years ago). The magnitude of the in 2004 tsunami is evaluated with a probability of about once in 100 to 150 years.
Table 2-2 Historical Tsunamis Date
Latitude
longitude
Earthquake Scale (M)
Tsunami Scale (Mt)
1797/02/10 1833/11/24
0°N 2.5°N
99°E 100.5°E
8 8.25
3 2.5
1843/01/05 1861/02/16
1.5°N 1°N
98°E 97.5°E
7.25 8.5
2 3
1907/01/04
1.5°N
97°E
7.5
2
Source : Soloviev and Go, Tsunami Catalogue, 1975 Note : The tsunami scale (Mt) is based on the Imamura-Iida scale; Mt=2 indicates tsunami wave heights of 4 to 6 meters and Mt=3 means wave heights of 10 to 20 meters. A major tsunami struck the coast of the Province of Aceh immediately after the earthquake. Heavy damage and casualties were reported from Banda Aceh City and other towns in the Province. Large parts of Banda Aceh were destroyed; satellite photos show the true extent of the damage to the city where the northern areas were completely wiped out. Figure 2.2 shows the tsunami inundation area. The tsunami wave height was estimated at about 10 m at northern coastline of Banda Aceh City and about 20 m along western coastline of Indian Ocean.
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The major damages to the infrastructures are summarized below: 1. Housing, totally and partially collapsed houses and buildings located in the tsunami inundation area reached 12,972 or about 50% of the 25,688 pre-tsunami buildings 2. Roads, out of the 457 km of road networks about 70 % was damaged. 3. Bridges, before the tsunami there were 54 bridges out of these, 4 bridges were totally collapsed, 3 bridges were heavily damaged and 3 were lightly damaged. 4. Ferry Terminal, the terminal in Ulee Lhue, which was under construction since 2001 and partly operational since 2003 was destroyed completely by the tsunami. 5. Water Supply, about 75 % of water supply lines (385 km long in total) was effected by the tsunami. The water production was reduced from 37,600 m3/day (pre-disaster) to 28,400 m3/day (post-disaster). 6. Sanitation, s eptage treatment plant with a capacity of about 50 m3/day located near the coast on Left Bank of Kreung Aceh River, was totally destroyed. 7. Seawall, with total length of 1,340 m long at Ulee Lheu and 750 m at Syiah Kuala collapsed. 8. Floodway, over a length of about 400 m the dikes at both side of floodway (banjir kanal) collapsed.
2.5 PHYSICAL CONDITIONS AND CLIMATE Topography – The average altitude of Banda Aceh city varies from medium sea level to about 0.80 meter above medium sea level. The average ground slope varies between 0 - 5% Geology - Banda Aceh city is located between 2 fault lines in the east-north and west-south of the city and in the estuary of the Eurasia and Australian plate. Climate - A meteorological station is located at the Sultan Iskandar Muda Airport. Records from the period from 1994 to 2004 show that: (1) the average annual rainfall is about 1,454 mm, of which more than 60 % is registered in the rainy season (October to March). (2) the monthly average temperature remains relatively stable from 25.5 °C to 27.5 °C, with the highest temperatures in April. Highest and the lowest temperatures vary from about 33.0 °C to 37.0 °C and from 18.0 °C to 20.0 °C respectively. (3) the relative humidity fluctuates between 75 % and 85 %. It is generally low in the period from June to September. (4) the average annual wind velocity is 13.3 m/s with an average maximum wind velocity of 17.3 m/s.
2.6 HYDROLOGY Banda Aceh City has ten (10) major rivers with a total length of 70.88 Km; see table 3.1. The banjir kanal (floodway) was constructed in 1997 and diverts major floods from the Krueng Aceh to the sea. Table 2-3 Rivers in Banda Aceh City No
River
Area
Length
[ha]
[km]
1
Kr Aceh
25,940
23.13
2
Kr Neng
707
5.60
3
Kr Daroy
2,471
6.91
4
Kr Doy
5
Kr Lueng Paga
6
Kr Keumeh
1,284
2.84
7
Titipaya
2,360
6.69
8
Kr Cut
766
7.05
9
Kr Tanjung
208
1.78
10
Titi Panjang
595
3.88
36,712
70.88
Total Catchments Area
342
3.03
2,040
9.97
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2.7 DRAINAGE Banda Aceh Municipality is sub-divided into seven drainage zones and the Darussalam drainage area which is located on the west side of the Banjir canal. Some characteristics of the drainage zones are shown in the tables 2.3 and 2.4. Figure 2.5 shows the location of the main drainage zones. Recently for each of these drainage zones detailed designs for the primary and secondary networks have been prepared and discussions with international donors for the financing of the construction works are well advance. It is estimated that with 6 to 12 month the construction of primary and secondary drainage canals and related structures can start. The total construction period is estimated at about 2 years, an outline implementation plan for the construction of the primary and secondary drainage canals is included in Appendix 4. Designs for the micro-drainage (neighborhood) networks are not yet available. However, some micro drainage networks have been constructed as part of reconstruction activities, but as a rule they are not connected to the primary or secondary canals and in many case they have been designed without taking into consideration the levels (and concept) of the new primary drainage networks.
Desa Peniti – existing micro drain
Desa Lampaseh – new micro drainage networks
Current micro drainage networks are multi functional as they receive both surface runoff and the discharges of domestic and industrial (mainly small house industries) sullage and wastewater. At many places the micro drains are blocked due to the accumulation of solid waste or are filled by house owners in order to facilitate the access to their plots. It appears that most of the existing micro drains have been constructed as road side drains and cannot drain the adjacent generally lower lying yards. Table 2-4 Characteristics of the Banda Aceh Drainage Zones Zone
Area (ha)
1 2 3
1.130
4 5 6 7 Darussalam
Borders Kr. Kr. Kr. Kr.
Neng & Kr. Doy Aceh & Kr. Doy Aceh Daroy & Kr. Lhueng Paga
Kr. Titi Panjang & Kr. Cut Kr. Lhueng Paga, Kr. Tanjung Kr. Aceh & Kr. Cut Banjir kanal
Design DED DED, TD
SDC Muslim Aid
DED
SDC
DED DED DED DED
SDC SDC SDC SDC
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Figure 2-5 Banda Aceh; Zoning of the main drainage systems Source: Banda Aceh City Development Plan (RTRW 2006 – 2016)
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Table 2-5 Banda Aceh: Drainage zones and their estimated (2005) population Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4 District (kecamatan) Pop 2005, Zone 1 MEURAXA JAYA BARU BANDA RAYA BAITURRAHMAN LUENG BATA
Zone 5
Zone 6
KUTA RAJA
Zone Dar
Pop 2005
4.498
981
2.104
59%
13%
28%
15.964
14.520
200
1.244
91%
1%
8%
19.535
Pop 2005
Pop 2005
Pop 2005
Pop 2005
Pop 2005
Pop 2005
Notes:
Pop 2005
14.568
599
103
22%
75%
3%
1%
35.294
12.949
22.345
37%
63%
18.763
18.763 100%
44.248 5.202
23.125
14.562
3.063
3.498
52%
33%
7%
8%
4.452
-
750 14%
34.454 17.502
Fast growing population
KOTA BANDA ACEH
Pop 2005
4.265
Fast growing population
ULEE KARENG
Non South
Pop 2005
86%
SYIAH KUALA
Non NW
7.583
Fast growing population
KUTA ALAM
Zone 7
district
198.545
23.283
18.382
12%
9%
23.125 12%
18.693
6.967
8.794
54%
20%
26%
5.145
11.767
590
29%
67%
3%
36.913
38.400
19.362
14.830
6.967
15.346
1.937
19%
19%
10%
7%
4%
8%
1%
Zone Dar Darussalam drainage zone which includes campus of the University Non NW Area not included in drainage zones, mainly located towards the sea Non South Minor parts of the city area located to the south of the city and outside the drainage zones
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
2.8 LAND USE AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT TRENDS 2.8.1 Current situation (2005 – 2006) Information concerning the current land use is available from various sources such as 1) ARRIS (GIS) prepared by JICA Study Team (2005) 2) the municipal statistical office (BPS), 3) the city planning department (Dinas Tata Kota). It has been noted that some inconsistence exists between the information provided by the various sources. In table 2.9 an attempt to consolidate the available information is shown. Information provided in this table has to be used with utmost care as is an (best) estimate. According to this table Banda Aceh municipality land use after the tsunami may be characterized as follows; build-up areas (43%), agriculture (8%), swamp/water (17%), open space (32%). Net population densities would vary from 45 to 130 persons/ha (average 80 pers/ha) whereas the gross density varies from 15 to 65 pers/ha (average 34 pers/ha). The highest population densities are calculated for the kecamantan Yaya Baru and Baiturrahman, the lowest densities are registered in the kecamatan Meuraxa and Syiah Kuala. Population densities at desa/kelurahan level are much higher, see the table 2.9 and appendix 2b. In the city development plan (RTRW 2006 – 2016) population density classifications are provided, see Table 2.6. Please note that these densities usually relate to much smaller areas such as desas or small urban districts. Table 2-6 Population density classification as per city development plan (RTRW 2006 – 2016) Density classification Gross population density Very low <= 20 persons/ha Low 21 – 50 persons/ha Average 51 – 80 persons/ha High 81 – 120 persons /ha Very high > 121 persons/ha
2.9 CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN (RTRW BANDA ACEH) In November 2007 the draft City Development Plan (RTRW Kota Banda Aceh) was published and the public constation process initiated. Subsequently the plan will be legalised (Qanun RTRW Kota Banda Aceh) by the city council (DPRK Banda Aceh). For the develoment of the city a ”Dual Center With Multi Recidential Area” scenario has been adopted, see appendix 1
2.10 SOCIO ECONOMIC CONDITIONS 2.10.1 Employment Based on data from the Statistical Office of Banda Aceh (BPS) in 2005 the total active workforce amounts to 37 900 persons (20% of the total population) Main employers are; government (45%), private sector (29%), trade (18%), agriculture (5%) and education (2%), see table 2.6. In 2005 about 12% from the total population (12,570 male, 13,270 female) were registered at the Labour Office in Banda Aceh.
2.10.2 Local Economy Gross Domestic Product (GDP) - Data from BPS Banda Aceh City show that the GDP in 2005 was 1,962,128 MRp - up from 1.811.553 MRp in 2004 - (based on Current Price) or 1,502,052 MRp (based on Constant Price 2000). The participation of the main economic sectors in the local economy is shown in table 2.7.
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
Income per capita - Income per capita is calculated as GDP divided by the total number inhabitants; it will increase when GDP rises or total number inhabitants decrease. Income per capita of Banda Aceh in 2005, increased with 45.6% (on current price) or 36.3% (on constant price) compared to 2004. In 2005 Banda Aceh GDP increased and the number of inhabitant decreased, the 2005 income per capita amounted to about Rp 11 million (current prices) or Rp 8.4 million (constant prices) Table 2-7 Main Employers in Banda Aceh Municipality Trade District (kecamatan) Government Private Sector n.a n.a n.a Meuraxa 561 692 600 Jaya Baru 1,424 1,159 562 Banda Raya 875 731 712 Baiturrahman 5,772 3,599 2,008 Kuta alam 4,832 97 942 Syahkuala 2,241 2,398 822 Uleekareng 1,057 1,718 696 Luengbata 242 764 537 Kutaraja Total 1693,326 2292,874 4873,008 % 45% 29% 18%
Agriculture n.a 59 54 0 544 580 396 189 95 1917 5%
Education n.a 165 131 250 0 102 184 81 30 943 2%
Source: Statistic of Sub District in Banda Aceh 2005
Table 2-8 Banda Aceh: GDP (2004 – 2005) per sector GDP (MRp current prices) Banda Aceh Sector 2004 2005 32,7% 613.179 593.015 Restaurant, Hotel and Trade 22,2% 457.263 402.844 Communication and Transportation 314.710 17,4% 373.185 Services, including government 140.423 7,8% 157.976 Construction/Building 106.201 5,9% 142.647 Bank and Other Finance service 160.495 8,9% 123.671 Agriculture 4,3% 83.087 77.926 Processing Industry 0,9% 11.119 15.940 Utilities incl. water and electricity 1.811.554 100,0% 1.962.128 Total
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31,3% 23,3% 19,0% 8,1% 7,3% 6,3% 4,2% 0,6% 100%
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
Table 2-9 Assessed indicative current land use and population densities (2005 – 2006) Population
Residential Commercial
Roads
Green Parks
Sub total
Agriculture
Swamp Water
Other
Open space
Total
Net density
Gross density
2006
Ha
ha
ha
ha
ha
ha
ha
ha
ha
pers/ha
pers/ha
Meuraxa
11.232
225
30
-
255
40
360
-
71
726
44
15
Jaya Baru
16.243
95
25
5
125
75
30
-
148
378
130
43
Banda Raya
20.650
235
25
60
320
50
20
-
89
479
65
43
Baiturrahman
29.534
190
40
20
250
45
15
5
139
454
118
65
Lueng Bata
23.164
255
25
95
375
55
20
-
84
534
62
43
Kuta Alam
43.136
325
60
15
400
15
200
5
385
1.005
108
43
Kuta Raja
7.495
150
10
-
160
-
150
5
206
521
47
14
Syiah Kuala
38.633
215
50
50
315
80
255
-
774
1.424
123
27
Ulee Kareng
21.350
265
25
150
440
100
20
-
55
615
49
35
211.437
1.955
290
395
2.640
460
1.070
15
1.951
6.136
80
34
32%
5%
6%
43%
8%
17%
Sub District
Kota Banda Aceh
32%
Source: This table presents estimated values which are based upon information provided in: 1) ARRIS (GIS) prepared by JICA Study Team (2005) and 2) Banda Aceh Dalam Angka tahun 2006 (BPS
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
3 SANITATION GOVERNANCE 3.1 INTRODUCTION Although sanitation presents one of the most significant service delivery challenges associated with poverty reduction, in the context of Indonesian policy development, planning and budgeting, sanitation is not recognized as an independent sector. At national level policy coordination takes place under a Steering Committee and the Sanitation Development Technical Team (Tim Teknis) which brings together key government stakeholders (BAPPENAS, Ministry of Public Works, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Home Affairs, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of the Environment and Ministry of Industry). The Tim Teknis is supported by Indonesia’s development partners and international donors under the umbrella of the Sanitation Donor Group (SDG). In a number of Provinces, including Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam (NAD) the coordination of the sanitation sector (with emphasis on rural water supply and sanitation) is done by a POKJA AMPL, mostly established and supported by WASPOLA. It is anticipated that in the future these Pokja’s would integrate the promotion and development of frameworks for urban sanitation planning in their tasks and that the Provincial Pokjas will become regional focal points for urban sanitation planning, monitoring and evaluation. Policy development at regional and local level is the responsibility of provincial and city working groups (Pokja AMPL province and PokjaSan city). The National Sanitation Development Technical Team coordinates the activities and is responsible for the creation of an effective, enabling environment at national level that stimulates coordinated urban sanitation planning and improvement. In accordance with current regulations and practice, synergy between the different levels of Government can be depicted as shown in Figure 3.1. Development towards an effective synergetic relationship between the different levels of government – as far as sanitation is concerned – will not happen without explicit and strong support from the central government, specifically BAPPENAS and the Ministry of Home Affairs (MOHA). Figure 3-1 Synergy between levels of government in urban sanitation development Central Government Strategic issues: • Poverty reduction • Reducing child mortality • Water resources • Environmental protection
Authority of provincial administration and governor in developing sanitation at local level
Governor as Representative of Central Government
Provincial administration
- Planning and control - Infrastructure development - Administrative support for investment
Delivery of basic services not yet provided by local government
Provincial sanitation development program
Program / funding proposals for local level sanitation
Does Province have capacity and funds ? YES Guidance and financing
Sanitation development needs local government is unable to meet
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NO
Local Government CSS 14
Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
3.2 PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT The official establishment of a Pokja AMPL at provincial level1 shows the commitment of the provincial government of NAD to further improve water supply and sanitation development at regional level and to make serious attempt to reach the millennium development goals by 2015. The tasks of the Pokja AMPL include the coordination and implementation of the following four programs: - Program pemberdayan masyarakat dan pengembangan kelembagan - Program kesehatan, hygiene dan sanitatsi - Program penyediaan prsarana dan sarana persampahan, air minum, dan drainase - Program pemgembangan produktivitas desa Another important coordination body at provincial level is the newly established BKRR. This body will to a large extent take over the tasks of the BRR once it stops its activities in the course of 2009, ensure sustainability of the post-tsunami infrastructure and enhance public service levels.
3.3 CITY GOVERNMENT In 2007 both the city council (DPRK) and the mayor and vice mayor were elected. Subsequently the new city government prepared their medium term development plan (RPJM 2007 – 2012) which is currently under consideration by the city council. The vision and mission of the city government are defined as follows in this document. Vision
Banda Aceh Bandar Wisata Islami Indonesia
Mission Membanguan Kota Banda Aceh yang Islami, Tertib, Indah dan Nyaman
3.3.1 City Council (DPRK) The city council consists of 29 elected members, who participate in two committees (panitia) and four commissions (Komisi). The main roles and functions of the committees and commissions are summarized in table 3.1 Table 3-1 Structure of the city council Name
Members
Key functions
Panita Anggaran
18
Review and monitoring of the city budgets
Panita Musyawarah
14
Bottom-up planning incl. Musrenbang and Musrena
Komisi A Komisi B Komisi C Komisi D
8 6 6 6
Relevance for sanitation development Support for city sanitation action plans and budget allocation Support and stimulate bottom-up (participative) planning for integrated sanitation
3.3.2 City Administration The city of Banda Aceh has the status of a ‘Municipal Administrative area” (Wilayah Administrasi Kota) It has 9 districts (kecamatan), 70 villages (desa) and 20 sub-districts (Kelurahan). Desa’s are based upon traditional laws whereas Kelurahans are a national form of administrative sub-division. From an administrative point of view the functions of a desa and Kelurahan are similar. The city administration is headed by the Mayor (Walikota) and a Vice Mayor (Wakil Walikota), districts are headed by a camat, village heads are known as geuchik and the heads of the subdistricts are known as lurah. Based on traditional law the city is sub-dived into 17 kemukimans 1
Keputusan Gubernur NAD nomor 690/66/2008, dated 31 March 2008
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
which are headed by local leaders the kepala mukim. A full list of all sub-districts (desas and kelurahans) is provided in Appendix 1A. Within the local government a total of 16 departments (dinas), 2 offices (kantor) and 7 agencies (badan) are entrusted with the day to day administration of the city. Ongoing operational aspects and coordination at city level is to a large extent entrusted to the Municipal secretary (SEKDA – Sekretaris dearah kota Banda Aceh). Management and operation of the water supply services and networks is the responsibility the PDAM. In table 3.2 an overview of the key institutions for the development of the sanitation sector in Banda Aceh, and their key functions in the city administration and/or at community level are shown. This table also indicates specific roles related to the sanitation sector for each department and suggests how they could participate in the Sanitation Working Group (Pokja San).
3.3.3 Working Groups (Pokjas) and International Cooperation Coordination team; Solid waste management master plan – This Pokja was established by SKWalikota nomor 660.2.05//2006. The main purpose of this Pokja is to work together with a team of experts from the Netherlands (City of Apeldoorn and Roteb) and to prepare a strategic master plan for solid waste management at city level. The SK was signed in August 2006. The Mayor acts as an advisor to the team which is coordinated by the Municipal secretary and Assistant II. Representatives of the City Cleaning department (DKP) act as chairman and secretary and the team is further reinforced with members from the following departments; Bappeda, Bapedalda, City planning and housing, Water resources, Budgeting, Regulations, Construction and the Legal department. Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the municipalities of Banda Aceh, Rotterdam and Apeldoorn. The purpose of the MoU is to formalize technical assistance to the Municipality of Banda Aceh which will be provided by the municipalities of Rotterdam (Roteb) and Apeldoorn. TA will be provided for the rehabilitation of the existing solid waste management system and the preparation of a Solid waste Management Masterplan as a new foundation for a future-oriented approach. The VNG co-finances the activities. The MoU was signed in 2006 and will remain valid until the Masterplan has officially been accepted by the Municipal Council (DPRK) of Banda Aceh. Working group for sanitation mapping in Banda Aceh – In the context of the development of strategic sanitation planning (2008 -2030) a Pokja for the implementation of a sanitation mapping at city level was established on 06 June 2007 (SK/Walikota nomor 164/2007). This Pokja is supported by the GTZ-SLGSR project. The main task of the Pokja included the design, implementation and assessment of the results of a door to door survey which was designed to obtain reliable baseline information concerning current sanitation service levels. The mayor was an advisor to the team, whereas the head of Bapedalda was the chairman and the head of the city planning and housing department the vice chairman. Team members are requited from the following departments; Bapedalda, DKP, Bappeda, DJSDA, Industry and business, Public health and the Meuraxa general hospital. The survey was implemented in October/November 2007, the results were recently presented and discussed at a seminar attended by all key stakeholders. The final results will be published in a special report which would become available by September 2008
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
Table 3-2 Local government and other local key institutions for sanitation development Institution Key functions Specific tasks related to sanitation Function sector Mayor, Vice Mayor, Municipal secretary (Sekda) BAPPEDA Badan Perencana Pembangunan Dearah
Head of city administration Head city secretariat Municipal development planning, monitoring and evaluation
DJSDA Dinas Prasarana Jalan dan Sumber Daya Air
Management, development and operation of municipal roads, water resources and urban drains Management and operation of the water services and networks City cleaning and parks, including sludge collection and treatment Public Health
PDAM DKP Dinas Kebersihan dan Pertamanan DinKes Dinas Kesehatan DTKP Dinas Tata Kota dan Pemukiman Bapedalda Badan Penanggulangan Dampak Lingkungan Daerah BPMKS Badan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Kesejahteraan Sosial
Spatial and urban development planning at city level Environmental monitoring and reporting
Community based organizations including: PKK,
Promote, support community interests and activities
Representatives of various central government projects including: - SAMIMAS, - Development of (low cost) housing schemes (Mempera) - P2KP, - others
Core team
Implementation team
- Advisors Sector coordination, planning, monitoring and evaluation Consolidation of sanitation work plans and budgets, implementation of new facilities (SATKER) Sub-sector drainage Sub-sector water supply Sub-sector solid waste management Sub-sector waste water Public health aspects, preventive measures Awareness creation and community development School sanitation, Medical waste (B3) Spatial planning and urban development plan Environmental monitoring, inventory of hot spots Community development Community participation and development
NGO’s
Formal and informal community leaders Camat, Geuchik, Lurah, Mukim
Pokja San
- Chair Kepala dinas - Vice-chairman Kepala bidang - Secretariat Kepala dinas
- Chair Kepala bidang - Secretary - Member(s) - Member(s)
- Member Technical dir
- Member(s)
- Member Kepala dinas
- Member(s)
- Member Kepala dinas
- Member(s)
- Member Kepala dinas - Member Kepala dinas - Member Kepala dinas
- Member(s) - Member(s) - Member(s) - Member(s) - Member(s)
Heads of formal and informal/traditional (sub)district administrations Management and implementation of Central Government programs/projects
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Community action plans, participation and development, Musrenbang, Musrena (bottom-up planning) Ensure coordination of activities as far as sanitation related activities are concerned
- Task force, advisor -
17
Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
Institution Function
Key functions
Specific tasks related to sanitation sector
Dinas Peperda
Legal department
Legal framework
- Task force, advisor
Dinas Infokom, Arsip dan PDE
Coordination, development and implementation of official communications and campaigns
Campaigns
- Task force, advisor
Dinas Tenaga Kerja dan Kependudukan Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan
Job creation, Community development Industry and commerce
Industrial waste management, Private sector participation Specific markets related sanitation aspects, including. solid waste management, internal drainage, public toilets,
Pokja San Core team
Implementation team
- Task force, advisor - Task force, advisor
P3K Dinas Pertanian, Petemakan, Perikanan dan Kelautan
Management, development and operation of the city formal markets Agriculture, animal husbandry, fishery and ports
Dinas Pendidikan
Education
School sanitation, school children awareness campaigns and curriculum development related to sanitation
- Task force, advisor
Kantor Diklat dan Perpustakaan
Capacity building of the city administration and its staff.
Training of government officials
- Task force, advisor
Dinas Pasar
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- Task force, advisor - Task force, advisor
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
3.4 SANITATION GOALS, TARGETS, AND SERVICE STANDARDS Millennium Development Goals - Goal 7, target 10 of the MDGs aims at halving by 2015 the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation. During the Johannesburg World Summit on Sustainable Development of August 2002 the Government of Indonesia committed itself to the implementation of the MDGs and subsequently made realization of the MDGs integral part of national policies, goals and targets. Improved sanitation – In the context of national policies, improved sanitation aims at improving health, environmental and economic wellbeing of the urban and rural populations, especially the poor, trough targeted efforts to improve and sustain sanitation services delivery. National goals and targets – As discussed, each Ministry develops for its fields of competence its own set of goals and targets which are based on the National Medium Term Development Plan (RJPM 2005-2009) and worked out in ministerial action plans. The MDGs are an integral part of these plans. Minimum service standards – As per Government Regulation Number 65 of 2005 Minimum Service Standards (SPM) for sanitation are to be issued by the related technical departments of the Ministries. These SPMs are currently in various stages of preparation. In 2001, the Minister of Settlements and Regional Infrastructure issued SPMs under Decree No. 534/KPTS/M/2001, which included SPMs for wastewater, drainage, and solid waste disposal. The Department of Public Works has already drafted SPMs, including Minimum Sanitation Service Standards for wastewater, drainage, and solid waste disposal City specific service standards – National SPMs provide a guideline for minimum service levels to be achieved at a certain moment in time, ultimate city goals could be more ambitious. The incremental introduction of minimum services standards is a critical requirement for adequate sanitation planning and provides an objective indicator for the monitoring of progress made. Often the city government may not have sufficient funds to upgrade service levels to the national (or desired higher) standards at short notice, meaning that priorities must be set. Consequently service levels will be gradually improved and would vary form one area to another. A central business district of a city, for example, requires another service level than the mainly rural fringes of the same city. Taking into account the city’s urban sanitation development planning, area (sub-district) specific service levels for improved sanitation will be formulated and targets (timeframes) to archive these levels will be set in the CSS.
3.5 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK Context - Cities have to develop their role in sanitation in a context influenced by the general policy of decentralization, specific policies on water resources, environmental protection, and public health, and the limited funding sources available to the sector. Coordination between various levels of government - Since decentralization, it has become more difficult to ensure vertical coordination between the different levels of government. Law 22/1999 gave wide powers to local government and purposely omitted to establish a hierarchical relationship between the different levels of government. This law gave rise to numerous questions regarding the objectives and consequences of decentralization. In response, the Government promulgated Law 32/2004 on the same subject. This law no longer specifically denies a hierarchical relationship between the different levels of government, although it does not confirm it either. Instead, it views decentralization from the perspective of the national interest and in the context of cooperation between local government and other levels of government. Law 32/2004 gives the province and local government essentially the same task areas, stipulating that within these areas the province should deal with issues that are of “provincial scale” only. The stipulation of areas of provincial and municipal responsibility can now be done in close cooperation between the provincial Pokja AMPL and the city’s PokjaSan
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
Legislation related to sanitation - Apart from the administrative provisions of Law 32/2004, there are a number of laws and government regulations (PP) establishing the context of sanitation development at city level. Law 7/2004 on water resources prohibits any discharge without treatment. PP 16/2005 on drinking water supply and sanitation provides further detail on the objectives of this law, and demands integration of the Water Supply Master Plan with the disposal of wastewater and solid waste management systems. This PP also stipulates that water services should be provided on a commercial basis, with full economic cost recovery and possible involvement of third parties. The prohibition in Law 7/2004 of untreated discharge builds on earlier environmental and public health legislation, i.e. Law 23/1997 on environmental management and PP 82/2001 on management of water quality and control of water pollution. However, the instruments to enforce this prohibition are basically the discharge and location permits, and these do not apply in case of residential developments. Fortunately, Banda Aceh includes requirements for proper residential discharge facilities such as septic tanks in the building permit, but enforcement is still difficult. Tariffs and retributions - Since the involvement of third parties is allowed, the Presidential Regulation 67/2005 on the cooperation of government and the private sector has become significant. This regulation allows calculation of a water tariff on the basis of full economic cost recovery plus a reasonable profit over a specified period of time. Moreover, if the tariff exceeds the ability-to-pay of consumers, government has to compensate for the difference. However, as the tariffs have to be approved by the executive power and the city councils, in practice tariffs are kept at the lowest possible level. This is particularly true in Banda Aceh where after the tsunamis tariffs have been kept low or where waved altogether in order to provide the population with an extra incentive to recover from the disaster and to reestablish their normal live. However, now after about 4 years the local governments is working very hard to raise the tariffs to the required levels. With the help of the Multi Donor Fund the city cleaning department has started a public education program in 8 desas in order to explain to the people that good services can only be provided if the end users are willing to pay a reasonable fee for the services. The new tariff structure for solid waste management has been established by a municipal degree (Qanun no 13/2007) and s now gradually implemented. The current basic tariff for water supply is Rp 600 m3, at city level consensus has been reached that this should be raised to Rp 1500 per m3 in order to ensure financial sustainability to the PDAM. However as the water supply service level remains low the new tariff has not been officially endorsed. Due to its location and flat topography Banda Aceh requires extensive drainage networks, which include very often pumping stations, in order to prevent regular flooding of streets and houses. However, a formal (financial) contribution of the inhabitants to at least the operation and maintenance costs of the drainage systems does neither exist nor is under consideration by the local authorities. Septic sludge is collected by a fleet of tankers2 operated both by the local government (DKP) and the private sector. The users of these services are charged between Rp. 100.000 and Rp.150.00 for the emptying of their septic tank. Payment is done when the services are delivered. The tankers dispose the septic sludge in a new treatment plant (IPLT) which is located near the sea shore (Gampong Jawa) and operated by the city cleaning department (DKP). Officially each tanker has to pay a charge of Rp. 15.000 for the emptying of his truck; however it appears that this tariff is not yet fully enforced.
3.6 FUNDING OF URBAN SANITATION Law 33/2004 regulates the allocation of government revenues between central, provincial, and local government. It provides four funding instruments: • •
A general allocation of at least 26% of central government net domestic revenue (based on criteria stipulated in the law), A specific allocation (to be decided annually by central government for expenditures in certain sectors),
2 DKP operates 4 relatively new trucks and the private sector operates about seven trucks. It is estimated that on a daily basis as much as 30 to 40 truck loads are delivered at the IPLT
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
• •
De-concentration funds (for implementation of tasks delegated to the province), and Co-administration funds (for implementation of tasks delegated to local government).
Formally, de-concentration involves non-physical project activities such as guidance, while coadministration involves physical implementation, but this distinction is not always applied in practice. In response to the disasters caused by the tsunami, investments in new infrastructure and equipment in Banda Aceh has been and still is substantial and by far more than in other Indonesian cities. A substantial part of the investments was used for reconstruction and rehabilitation but also new facilities and/or extensions of existing facilities have been financed. It is anticipated that also in years to come Banda Aceh will remain in a relative favorable position as far as investments for new infrastructure is concerned. This is partly due to ongoing commitments (example the funding of the primary and secondary drainage networks) but another important point is that in the last years an enormous number of feasibility and other studies have been implemented and the detailed designs have been prepared for important new infrastructure; for example the new regional final disposal site for solid waste. The availability of these studies and designs will highly facilitate the funding of additional infrastructure. Moreover it is understood that a new Provincial institution (BKKR) which will take over the tasks of the BRR would facilitate additional investments at both provincial and municipal level. The major challenge may be to collect adequate retributions from the end users, which will allow for the payment of sustainable operation and maintenance of the new and upgraded facilities and thus guarantee a real improvement in service delivery
3.7 COORDINATION WITH RELATED PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES Although coordinated sanitation planning aims at integration of all sanitation related activities, it would be unpractical and probably not feasible to bring all activities which are in one way or another related to sanitation improvements under the coordination of one PokjaSan. However, a close coordination with other program’s that include improved sanitation directly or indirectly into their objectives would lead to substantial synergy. Among others, topics for cooperation would include selection of priority areas, data collection and assessment, use of resources and development of specific skills – particularly related to community development and participation, and the formulation and funding of integrated (multipurpose) projects. A coordinated approach between sanitation planning and related programs would free capacity at local government level. Currently almost each program has its own working group (Pokja) and very often the same officials are members of various Pokja’s which puts an enormous strain on their limited time. The most obvious candidates for close coordination within the field of sanitation development are central government programs and projects such as: • The Ministry of Health “Total Sanitation Strategy” which brings together such programs as: Hand Washing With Soap (HWWS), Community-led Total Sanitation, a rural sanitation program often also applied in the outskirts of cities, Kota Sehat / Healthy City and Pasar Sehat / Healthy Markets, established specifically to combat chicken fever, • P2KP, a program sponsored by the Ministry of Public Works which aims at economic growth at community level through the development and implementation of projects which are co-funded by the communities, the private and public sector, • SANIMAS, community-based sanitation infrastructure – Ministry of Public Works, • Others such as the development of (low cost) housing schemes
3.8 EMBEDDING OF SANITATION PLANNING IN ROUTINE PLANNING AND BUDGETING MECHANISMS Experience in other cities shows that sanitation planning should, in order to be effective, be fully embedded into the routine annual government planning and budgeting procedures as shown in Aceh Nias Sea Defence, Flood Protection, Escapes and Early Warning Project BRR Concept Note / INFRA 300GI Sea Defence Consultants
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
figure 3.2. Consequently it is crucial that specific outputs of the sanitation planning process (e.g. proposed projects and action plans) become available on time and as an input to the routine planning process. In other cities results of the sanitation mapping (White Book) have been successfully used as an input to the annual bottom-up planning processes (Musrenbang and Musrena), which every year take place in the period January – March. Another crucial moment in the annual planning process is the period April – May when the various departments prepare and present their annual workplans (RKPD). In the period June - August the draft workplans are discussed with the city council and budget preparation for the next year is started. A key player in this context is “tim angarank” (budget preparation team), which brings together various key officials of the municipal government and prepares the annual budgets. In the period August – September current budgets are reviewed and as a rule funding for additional (priority) projects can be arranged. Towards the end of the year the new budget is discussed and approved by the City council. As a rule the funds for project implementation become available in February – March of the next year. Figure 3-2 Routine planning process at city level
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
4 INSTITUTIONAL SETTING 4.1 CURRENT SANITATION MAPPING As discussed in the previous chapter recently with technical assistance of GTZ a household survey (5400 households interviewed) was implemented in Banda Aceh. The survey covered the entire city and addressed current services levels, costumer perceptions and satisfaction related to water supply, drainage, black and grey water disposal. Draft results are available and are currently assessed by the PokjaSan, final results may become available by September 2008. Initial results from the survey were used by the Pokja in order to identify hot spots and priority areas, which require special attention from the municipal government as sanitation conditions and service levels in these areas are poor to very poor. The selected priority areas include the kelurahans: Peuniti, Sukaramai, Laksana and Keuramat.
4.2 SPATIAL PLANNING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT PLAN In Banda Aceh the spatial and urban development plan (RTRW Kota) was recently updated with the help of various donors. The RTRW-Kota has been discussed and approved by the municipal council and is now officially established by a municipal regulation (Qanun Kota Banda Aceh). As such the RTRW becomes the basis for the planning of all urban infrastructure. Some key maps of the RTRW are attached in the appendices. Figure 4.1 shows the city development steps as sanctioned in the RTRW.
4.3 WATER SUPPLY Water supply is one of the priority issues related to sanitation at city level. Table 4.1 shows historic, current and planned service levels while figure 4.2 shows the current primary and secondary networks. Main issues related to water supply include: - Very low tariff levels and limited billing efficiency. The current tariff is set at Rp 600 (US$ 0.06) per m3, it is anticipated that before the end of 2008 the tariff will be increased to Rp 1500 m3. It is anticipated that this would allow the water enterprise (PDAM) to recover at least O&M costs - High unaccounted for water (UfW), estimates vary between 60 and 75%. This is mainly due to leakage in the reticulation networks, illegal connections and limited billing efficiency - Potential salt intrusion in the Kreung Aceh which may jeopardize the water intake during periods of limited water flow. The water intake is located about 12 km upstream of the coast. Major efforts are currently under way to mitigate these problems and the PDAM receives structural support from a number of international donors. Together with the SabSas project (an initiative from a number of water enterprises and provincial water boards from the Netherlands) the PDAM has initiated an abbitious program aiming at the reduction of UfW. This program covers both the implementation of improved administrative systems and the technical upgrading of the reticulation networks (so called block renovation). Table 4-1 Assessment of water supply service levels Description
Unit
Population Coverage
persons % persons hours
Operation
Before & after tsunami
2004 263.671 47% 123.925 24
2004 192.230 41% 77.880 20
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current 1) 211.437 55% 116.000 24
2011 241.194 80% 192.960 24
2016 276.194 85% 234.790 24 23
Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
Intermitted
Intermitted
Continues
25.812 100
14.656 46
22.000 60
34.732 193
42.258 235
48%
60%
70%
30%
30%
365
9.000 104 430
32.000 370 580
39.000 451 710
76%
36%
36%
Supply Connections Un accounted for water Demand, incl nondomestic
house connection public taps % m3/day l/sec l/sec
Production UfW and production losses % Source: City Development Plan.
435
Continues
1) own estimates
Figure 4-1 City Development Steps Source: Banda Aceh City Development Plan (RTRW 2006 – 2016)
Tahap I Rehabilitasi dan pengendalian pembangunan di Utara Banda Aceh
Tahap II Revitalisasi dan pengembangan terbatas pada Pusat Kota Lama
Tahap III Pengembangan kota diarahkan pada Selatan Kota Banda Aceh
Tahap Rehabilitasi Pasca Bencana Tsunami: - Rehabilitasi pada kawasan konservasi, yaitu pada kawasan pesisir dengan membangun Coastal Forest (hutan Mangrove) sebagai zona perlindungan pantai. Serta pembangunan hutan kota yang berfungsi sebagai daerah resapan air. - Rehabilitasi permukiman sesuai dengan zoning regulation yang ditentukan pada kawasan yang terkena dampak tsunami. - Perbaikan Infrastruktur yang belum diperbaiki, serta usaha peningkatan dalam rangka pengembangan kota yang merujuk pada konsep mitigasi bencana. - Pengendalian kegiatan pada zona-zona yang ditentukan terutama pada Coastal Zone dan Eco Zone.
Tahap Pengendalian Pusat Kota lama dengan konsep perkembangan yang terbatas: - Optimalisasi kegiatan di pusat kota Lama yaitu pada kawasan Peunayong dan Kampung Baru yang berorientasi pada Masjid Baiturrahman. Serta pengendalian intensitas bangunan dan penataan lingkungan agar tidak terjadi kemunduran fungsi (degradasi lingkungan). - Peningkatan peran masing-masing sub zona sesuai dengan fungsi yang ditentukan dalam rencana struktur kota. - Rehabilitasi kawasan konservasi terutama pada kawasan DAS Krueng Aceh dan taman kota yang berfungsi sebagai daerah resapan air. - Peningkatan aksesibiltas melalui pembangunan lingkar utara, lingkar selatan dan lingkar dalam yang terintegrasi.
Tahap pengembangan Pusat Kota Baru dengan konsep pengembangan wilayah yang terintegrasi - Pengembangan fungsi melalui kegiatan yang telah ditentukan pada masingmasing zona dan sub-sub zona. Pengembangan diarahakan ke Selatan Banda Aceh hingga perbatasan Aceh Besar (Lampeuneurut dan Lambaro). - Sinkronisasi kebijakan dan rencana pengembangan wilayah antara Kota Banda Aceh dan Kabupaten Aceh Besar dalam pengelolaan pusat Kota Baru yang ada di Lampeuneurut serta pengembangan agropolitan pada Lambaro.
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
4.4 WASTEWATER DISPOSAL Sewer based wastewater collection, treatment and disposal systems do not yet exist in Banda Aceh. A large majority of the urban population disposes so-called black water (wastewater from toilets) into poorly designed and constructed septic tanks, which as a rule do not or very poorly treat the wastewater. The effluent of these “septic tanks” (locally known as chubluks or cincin) is discarged into the shallow ground water and/or open water bodies, which causes substantial pollution. Although no official information is available it can be assumed that these “septic tanks” are a major threat to the water quality of shallow wells which are widely used as a primary source for domestic water. In addition a substantial number of households disposed their black water directly on open water courses. Almost all the grey water (or sullage) is discharged directly into micro drains and other local open water courses. Figure 4-2 Current Primary and Secondary water supply networks
Source: Banda Aceh City Development Plan (RTRW 2006 – 2016) Aceh Nias Sea Defence, Flood Protection, Escapes and Early Warning Project BRR Concept Note / INFRA 300GI Sea Defence Consultants
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
4.5 DRAINAGE Due to its flat topography the proper functioning of the drainage networks of Banda Aceh is of crucial importance for the people of Banda Aceh; it has a significant impact on the overall sanitation conditions and during the rainy season it should protect the city from long lasting and damaging inundations. Consequently the rehabilitation and further development of both the macro and micro drainage networks is one of the top priorities for the city government. As a result of the impact of the tsunami and a back lock of regular maintenance recently substantial problems with the functioning of the primary, secondary and micro drainage were experienced in the city. However, it should be noted that also before the tsunami Banda Aceh experienced substantial and regular flooding of their urban areas. Section 2.7 of this report provides a general introduction to the drainage networks of Banda Aceh, in figure 4.3 the main rivers and drainage canals are shown. As part of the quick scan an assessment of the ongoing activities related to the rehabilitation and further development of the drainage networks was done, the findings are presented in the following sections Figure 4-3 Rivers and main drainage canals
Source: Banda Aceh City Development Plan (RTRW 2006 – 2016) Aceh Nias Sea Defence, Flood Protection, Escapes and Early Warning Project BRR Concept Note / INFRA 300GI Sea Defence Consultants
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
4.5.1 Macro drainage Feasibility studies, detailed designs and tender documents have been prepared for the secondary drains in all drainage zones of Banda Aceh. With the exception of the drainage zones 2 and 3 all the studies and designs have been prepared by SDC. For zone 2 the studies and designs were prepared by Muslim Aid while for zone 3 JICS (Japanese Government) prepared the designs and funded the construction works. Construction of secondary drainage networks, valves and pumping stations in zone 2 are ongoing (funded by Muslim Aid) and in zone 3 have been completed. For zone 3 additional designs are currently under preparation by SDC. Construction work for the secondary drainage canals in zone 1 has been combined with the rehabilitation and upgrading of the road networks in this area and is currently under construction. The construction works are funded by JBIC and expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2010. The construction of the remaining secondary drainage networks, retention basis and pumping station, with an approximate value of Euro 31.6 million will be funded by the French Government (loan). The Banda Aceh city government made all funds for land acquisition available from their regular budget (APBD). Land acquisition has almost been completed and it is anticipated that the construction of the works will be initiated by early 2009 and be completed in about two years, see figure 4.4. Once the new secondary drainage networks and the related retention basins and pumping stations have been constructed it is anticipated that regular major floods in the urban areas can be avoided. However, regular local inundations due to the poor functioning of the micro drainage networks cannot be avoided and during the dry season most of the sullage discharged by houses and small home factories cannot be drained. In order to comply with current national design criteria for primary and secondary drainage, measures upstream of Banda Aceh city would be required. Options for the construction of a “Banjir kanal selatan” (southern flood diversion canal) have been studied, but appear to be too expensive for the time being. Figure 4-4 macro drainage
Zone 4 – Existing micro drainage near market area
Zone 1 – Secondary drainage and new roads under construction
Zone 3 – New drainage pumping station
4.5.2 Micro drainage In most of the urban areas the city micro drainage canals have been constructed, however as a rule they are filled with stagnant (grey) water (sullage), solid waste and silt. The inadequate functioning of the micro drainage networks can be attributed to a number of reasons such as; i) a lack of regular maintenance and cleaning, ii) blockage caused by inadequate design of culverts and overpasses providing access to houses, shops etc., iii) improper design; many micro drains have been constructed primarily as road side drains and do not allow adequate drainage of lower lying yards, and iv) last but not least the non existence or poor functioning of the secondary and primary drainage networks and rivers. The city’s micro drainage system discharges surface runoff but also wastewater (mainly sullage) from houses, small home industries etc. Aceh Nias Sea Defence, Flood Protection, Escapes and Early Warning Project BRR Concept Note / INFRA 300GI Sea Defence Consultants
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
Figure 4-5 Indicative implementation schedule for primary and secondary drainage networks
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
4.6 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT Dinas Kebersihan dan Pertamanan (DKP) the city cleaning and parks department is responsible for solid waste collection, transportation and final disposal. In addition DKP takes care of the city parks and the collection and treatment of night soil (septic sludge) collected from private households. DKP has assumed a leading role in the Pokjasan and takes the lead by the citywide sanitation planning activities. The tsunami of 2004 washed away the final disposal site (TPA) which was located on the coast line (in Gampong Java), damaged the night sludge treatment plant (IPLT) located next to the final disposal site and most of the waste collection equipment. Wit the help of various donors the final disposal site and night sludge treatment plant have been rehabilitated and upgraded. Recently a very modern well equipped night sludge treatment plant has been constructed next to the existing plant. New equipment for solid waste collection and handling of waste at the final disposal site was provided by various donors. A new regional final disposal site, which will be located near the international airport in Aceh Besar, has now been designed. The required land has been acquired and detailed engineering designs and environmental impact assessments have been prepared and approved. It is anticipated that the new regional final disposal site will be constructed in the coming years. Almost all urban areas of Banda Aceh count with solid waste collection systems. Along the major roads and in more densely populated areas waste is on a daily basis collected on a door to door basis. In other areas containers have been placed where the population can dispose of their solid waste. The containers are on a regular basis. The informal and private sector are now actively participating in the collection of recyclable materials such as; plastic, paper and all kinds of metals. It is estimated that 500 to 750 people are full time involved in the collection and processing of recyclable materials. A number of NGO’s started to work at community and household level with recycling projects; they mainly focus on composting of “wet waste” and the transformation of waste into souvenirs, office utilities etc. Figure 4-6 Disposal processing
Door to door collection
Composting at household level
Typical waste container
Recycling private sector initiative
Final disposal site
Temporary disposal site
Soon after the tsunami DKP signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with the municipalities of Apeldoorn and Rotterdam (Roteb) for cooperation in the field of solid waste management. In this Aceh Nias Sea Defence, Flood Protection, Escapes and Early Warning Project BRR Concept Note / INFRA 300GI Sea Defence Consultants
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
context a solid waste management master plan for Banda Aceh has been prepared. This master plan between other things deals with an assessment and analyses of the current situation and provides a strategic plan for the further development of solid waste management service levels in Banda Aceh. The recommendations and immediate actions as proposed in the master plan are presented in Appendix 4
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
5T
HE
POKJASAN AND START-UP OF URBAN SANITATION PLANNING
5.1 SANITATION WORKGROUP BANDA ACEH CITY - POKJASAN As discussed in chapter 3 in Indonesia it is quite a normal procedure to establish a working group (Pokja) whenever a specific task has to be implemented by the (local) government or when specific support activities for project are to be provided by government agencies. After initial discussions with key stakeholders in Banda Aceh it was agreed to establish a PokjaSan at city level who would take it upon itself to prepare a strategic plan for the development of improved sanitation service levels in Banda Aceh. The core team for this PokjaSan was formed by the Pokja who coordinated and implemented the sanitation mapping (household survey) which was sponsored by GTZ. In June – July this working group organized regular meetings to discuss the tasks ahead and the composition of the Pokja. These meetings where facilitated by a SDC sanitation expert with ample experience as city facilitator for the ISSDP program in the city of Surakarta. Several draft task descriptions where prepared and different team compositions where considered. During this process active guidance was provided by the municipal secretary and the legal department of the city administration. Early August 2008 the final text for a draft mayor’s degree was agreed between all parties involved and the final list of Pokja members was established, see Appendix 4 for a copy of the draft decree and the list of PokjaSan members. In the last week of July the vice-mayor participated in the first official meeting of the PokjaSan Banda Aceh. The Pokja has prepared an initial document which reflects in broad lines the current sanitation situation and gives an initial listing of strategic issues to be addressed by the PokjaSan. This document was prepared during a two day training facilitated by GTZ and will be presented to and discussed with the Mayor and heads of key municipal departments during a special meeting which is planned for mid August. During this meeting the Mayor will sign the “Mayor’s degree” (SKWalikota) which will than provide the legal basis for the PokjaSan to operate at city level. Figure 5-1 Pokjasan training
Vice-Mayor of Banda Aceh installs the PokjaSan – 28 July 2008
PokjaSan, first training session
The implementation team of the Pokja is headed by an official of DKP (the cities waste management and parks department) the Pokja’s daily secretariat is taken up by an official of Bapedalda (the city’s environmental monitoring department). At this stage regular PokjaSan meetings are held twice a month. The meetings take place in the premises of DKP, where in the near future the PokjaSan will have their own office.
5.2 FOLLOW-UP AND WORKPLAN Now that the PokjaSan has been established and defined their initial listing of strategic issues they will have to agree upon a detailed work plan for the coming year. The SDC team started the Aceh Nias Sea Defence, Flood Protection, Escapes and Early Warning Project BRR Concept Note / INFRA 300GI Sea Defence Consultants
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
discussions and the facilitation of the planning process in the first week of August 2008. As input for these discussions an outline planning was prepared, see figure 5.1. The planning covers the period June 2008 – March 2009, as it is anticipate that by March 2009 the SDC project will be closed and no further TA from SDC can be provided to the Pokja. The planning shows that in the period until March 2009 the Pokja could complete the White Book (sanitation mapping), initiate the preparation of the citywide sanitation strategy and start-up the preparation of sanitation specific inputs for the annual work plan 2010.
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
Figure 5-2
Outline workplan for Pokjasan Banda Aceh city, period June 2008 – March 2009
Outline work plan for development and implementation of integrated sanitation planning in Banda Aceh Municipality week no.: 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 1 2 3 02-jun-08 07-jul-08 04-aug-08 01-sep-08 06-okt-08 03-nov-08 01-dec-08 01-jan-09 National holidays/events Ramadan
4
5
6 7 8 02-feb-09
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 02-mrt-09 06-apr-09 04-mei-09
City level integrated sanitation planning and service development Pokja Events and Training Regular (weekly) Pokja Meetings Coordination Provincial/National level (Pokja AMPL/SANTT) Workshops and other Key Events Work planning Training, incl. Participation in National and Regional Events
Intro Input
training GTZ
kick off final (8 month)
draft White Book
final WB
draft action plan 2010 final (2009)
ISSDP summit
Coordination with SATKERs - task force implementation Inventory of implementation activities, 2008 - 2010 Regular coordination and progress monitoring of sanitation implementation
mechanism
Sanitation mapping - White Book Data collection and assessment incl. potential demand General data, demography, base maps etc Public health, environmental health risks etc. City development trends and planning
Sanitation issues, service levels and infrastructure sub-sector assessments (WS, WW, SW, UD) sanitation zoning, choise of technology per sub-sector
Sanitation Governance legal/institutional framework: current situation & options for development sector finance, investments and recurrent costs sector finance, user contributions
Community participation and development inventory of ongoing ativities, incl. ongoing projects (P2KP etc) needs and opportunities assessment
Priority setting method and criteria selection of short and medium term priority areas
Citywide Sanitation Strategy - CSS (to be detailed in a later stage) CSS starting points and main priorities initial; based upon confirmed commitments for study & implementation medium and long term vision and strategy
Citywide Sanitation Strategy - CSS Indentification of measures and activities
initial
(Annual) Project preparation and budgeting Development of project ideas and digists Coordination with musrenbang/musrena Coordination with SKPDs Coordination with Tim Angkaran
Sanitation Action Plan 2010 - 2016 (to be detailed in a later stage)
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
COLOPHON Document history Revision
Date issued
Reviewed by
Approved by
Date approved
Distribution of copies Revision
No. of Copies
Issues to
Colophon Name of organisation Name of project Title of document Registration number Document version Author Contributors Team leader
Sea Defence Consultants Aceh Nias Sea Defence, Flood Protection, Escapes and Early Warning Project, (BRR Concept Note / INFRA 300GI) Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh SDC-R-80135 Version 1, August 2008 Cees Keetelaar, Teguh Sumiyarsa Bram van der Boon
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
LIST OF APPENDICES
1. APPENDIX A Selected maps from the Banda Aceh City Development Plan 2006 - 2016 (RTRW Banda Aceh).................................................................................................. 36 2. APPENDIX B Background Information ...................................................................... 37 3. APPENDIX C Initial overview and status of sanitation related projects, various sources .......... 38 4. APPENDIX D Master Plan Solid Waste Management; recommendations and immediate actions .. 39 5. APPENDIX E Main points discussed with municipal department heads................................ 40 6. APPENDIX F Draft Mayor’s Degree for the sanitation working group, PokjaSan ..................... 41
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
Appendix A
Aceh Nias Sea Defence, Flood Protection, Escapes and Early Warning Project BRR Concept Note / INFRA 300GI Sea Defence Consultants
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Banda Aceh city development scenario
Banda Aceh risk zoning
Banda Aceh Planned land use 2016
Banda Aceh City zoning and location of future city centers
Administrative Boundaries, 2005
Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
Appendix B
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Banda Aceh Tsunami Impact, Administrative and Demographic Key Data Status Area Desa – Kelurahan Tsunami Location (D)esa Code 1) 2) (K)elurahan (Sub-district) impact ha 019 Surien S L 020 Asoi Nanggro S L 021 Gampong Blang S L 022 Lamjabat S L 023 Gampong Baro S L 025 Punge Jurong S L 027 Lampaseh Aceh S C 028 Punge Ujong S L 029 Cot Lamkuweueh S L 030 Gampong Pie S L 031 Ulee Lheue S C 032 Deah Glumpang S C 033 Lambung S L 034 Blang Oi S L 035 Alue Deah Teungoh S C 036 Deah Baro S C 010 001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 011
Sub-total for the Meuraxa district Ulee Pata Lamjamee Lampoh Daya Emperom Geuceu Meunara Lamtemen Barat Bitai Lamtemen Timur Punge Blang Cut
S S S S N S S S S
Sub-total for the Jaya Baru district
725,8
Population
Density 06
2004
2005 392 203 94 170 372 1.962 439 499 260 339 803 334 283 943 219 271
2006
34.592
7.583
C L L L L L L L L
% pre-Tsu. pop
HH 06
Poor (YanKes) 06 No. %
pers/ha
2006
Total
11.232
15
32%
8.815
3.586
41 %
16.243
40
76%
6.608
1.913
29 %
200 450 538 1.099 2.702 2.488 400 3.555 4.532 378,0
21.305
15.964
1
Banda Aceh Tsunami Impact, Administrative and Demographic Key Data Status Area Desa – Kelurahan Tsunami Location (D)esa Code 1) 2) (K)elurahan (Sub-district) impact ha 001 Lam Ara N L 002 Lampuot N L 003 Mibo N L 004 Lhong Cut N L 005 Lhong Raya N L 006 Peunyeurat N L 007 Lam Lagang N L 008 Geuceu Komplek N L 009 Geuceu Iniem N L 010 Geuceu Kayee Jato N L 012 001 007 008 009 010 011 012 013 014 019 020 001 002 003 004 005
Sub-total for the Banda Raya district Ateuk Jawo Ateuk Deah Tanoh Ateuk Pahlawan Ateuk Munjeng Neusu Aceh Seutui Sukaramai Neusu Jaya Peuniti Kampung Baru
N N N N N N N N N S
478,9
N N N N N
2005 1.553 514 1.701 1.351 2.041 1.198 4.397 2.515 2.248 2.017
2006
23.995
19.535
% pre-Tsu. pop
HH 06
Poor (YanKes) 06 No. %
pers/ha
2006
Total
20.650
43
86%
8.548
1.554
18 %
29.534
65
78%
8.972
1.166
13 %
1.461 959 4.706 1.636 3.254 4.296 3.954 2.714 7.615 4.699 453,9
L L L L L
Density 06
2004
L L L L L L L L L L
Sub-total for the Baiturrahman district Landom Cot Mesjid Batoh Lueng Bata Blang Cut
Population
37.715
35.294 1.210 2.705 3.905 3.091 1.694
2
Banda Aceh Tsunami Impact, Administrative and Demographic Key Data Status Area Desa – Kelurahan Tsunami Location (D)esa Code 1) 2) (K)elurahan (Sub-district) impact ha 006 Lampaloh N L 007 Sukadamai N L 008 Panteriek N L 009 Lamseupeung N L 021
Sub-total for the Lueng Bata district
001
006
Peunayong S Laksana S Keuramat S Kuta Alam N Beurawe N Kota Baru M Bandar Baru M Mulia S Lampulo S Lamdingin S Lambaro Skep S Sub-total for the Kuta Alam district Lampaseh Kota S Merduati S Keudah S Peulanggahan S Gampong Jawa S Gampong Pande S
031
Sub-total for the Kuta Raja district
002 003 004 005 006 007 008 013 014 015 030 001 002 003 004 005
010 011 012
Iemasen Kaye Adang Pineung Lamgugob
M M M
534,1
Population 2004
2005 506 2.213 540 2.899
2006
19.232
18.763
L L L L L L L L C L L 1004,7
54.718
521,1
21.632
L L L L L C
L L L
Density 06
2.493 5.193 5.133 4.118 6.126 2.030 7.490 3.189 2.200 2.576 3.700 44.248 1.236 1.004 671 944 1.091 256 5.202
% pre-Tsu. pop
HH 06
Poor (YanKes) 06 No. %
pers/ha
2006
Total
23.164
43
120%
5.535
825
15 %
43.136
43
79%
11.690
2.442
2%
7.495
14
35%
5.734
1.565
27 %
3.235 3.449 8.669
3
Banda Aceh Tsunami Impact, Administrative and Demographic Key Data Status Area Desa – Kelurahan Tsunami Location (D)esa Code 1) 2) (K)elurahan (Sub-district) impact ha 013 Kopelma Darussalam M L 014 Rukoh M L 015 Jeulingke S L 016 Tibang M L 017 Deah Raya M C 018 Alue Naga S C 040 001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 041
Sub-total for the Syiah Kuala district Pango Raya Pango Deah Ilie Lamteh Lamglumpang Ceurih Iemasen Ulee Kareng Doi Lambhuk
N N N N N N N N N
1.424,4
Population
Density 06
2004
2005 5.896 4.500 6.350 825 360 1.170
2006
32.590
34.454
L L L L L L L L L
% pre-Tsu. pop
HH 06
Poor (YanKes) 06 No. %
pers/ha
2006
Total
38.633
27
119%
10.869
2.671
1.048 342 2.104 2.018 2.339 2.610 1.383 1.866 3.792
Sub-total for the Ulee Kareng district
615,0
19.319
17.502
21.350
35
111%
4.270
927
Total for Banda Aceh municipality
6.135,9
265.098
198.545
211.437
34
80%
71.041
16.649
Notes; 1) S = Severely, M = Moderate; N = Not affected
25 %
22 % 23 %
2) C = Coastal; L = Lowland
4
Banda Aceh Drainage Zones and the Estimated Population 2005
Sub-district (desa) District (kecamatan) Lampaseh Aceh Punge Ujong Surien Asoi Nanggro Gampong Blang Lamjabat Punge Jurong Cot Lamkuweueh Gampong Pie Deah Glumpang Lambung Alue Deah Teungoh Gampong Baro Ulee Lheue Blang Oi Deah Baro
MEURAXA Lamtemen Timur Punge Blang Cut Lampoh Daya Lamtemen Barat Ulee Pata Lamjamee Bitai Emperom Geuceu Meunara
JAYA BARU
Zone 1
Pop 2005, (sub)-district
439 499 392 203 94 170 1.962 260 339 334 283 219 372 803 943 271 7.583 3.555 4.532 538 2.488 200 450 400 1.099 2.702 15.964
Zone 2
Pop 2005 F
499
Pop 2005
Zone 3
Zone 4
Pop 2005
Zone 5
Pop 2005
514 4.397
Zone 7
Pop 2005
Zone Dar
Pop 2005
Non NW
Pop 2005
Non South
Pop 2005 Pop 2005 F
439
F
392
Pm
162
Ps
41
Pm
47
Pm
47
F Pm F
170 981 Pm
981
260
Ps
68
Pm
271
Pm
167
Pm
167
F
283
Ps
44
Pm
175
Pm
186
Pm
186
Ps
161
Pm
642
F
943
Pm
136 981
59%
13%
F
3.555
F
4.532
F Pm
Pm
4.498
-
-
-
-
-
-
Ps
1.244
200
450
F
400
F
1.099
F
-
538 1.244 F
F
136 2.104 28%
2.702 14.520
-
91%
Lampuot Lam Lagang
Zone 6
Pop 2005
-
-
-
-
200
1.244
1% Pm F
411
8% Ps
103
4.397
5
Sub-district (desa) District (kecamatan) Mibo Lhong Cut Lhong Raya Peunyeurat Geuceu Komplek Geuceu Kayee Jato Lam Ara Geuceu Iniem
BANDA RAYA
Zone 1
Pop 2005, (sub)-district
1.701 1.351 2.041 1.198 2.515 2.017 1.553 2.248 19.535
Zone 2
Pop 2005
Zone 3
Pop 2005
Zone 4
Pop 2005 F
1.701
F
1.351
F
2.041
Pm
F
2.017
F
2.248 4.265
-
2.515
F
1.553
-
BAITURRAHMAN
1.636 3.254 4.699 959 1.461 2.714 4.706 4.296 3.954 7.615 35.294
14.568
F
LUENG BATA
2.899 1.694 506 3.905 3.091 2.213 540 2.705 1.210 18.763
F
1.636
F
3.254
Zone 7
Pop 2005
Pm
-
Zone Dar
Non NW
Pop 2005
Pop 2005
-
-
Non South
Pop 2005 Pop 2005
599
599
75%
-
3%
103 1%
4.699
F
4.296
F
3.954
F
959
F
1.461
F
2.714
F
4.706
F
12.949 37%
Lamseupeung Blang Cut Lampaloh Batoh Lueng Bata Sukadamai Panteriek Cot Mesjid Landom
Zone 6
Pop 2005
599
F
22%
Ateuk Munjeng Neusu Aceh Kampung Baru Ateuk Deah Tanoh Ateuk Jawo Neusu Jaya Ateuk Pahlawan Seutui Sukaramai Peuniti
Zone 5
Pop 2005
-
7.615 22.345
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
63% F
2.899
F
1.694
F
506
F
3.905
F
3.091
F
2.213
F
540
F
2.705
F
-
-
1.210 18.763
6
Sub-district (desa) District (kecamatan)
Pop 2005, (sub)-district
Zone 1
Zone 2
Pop 2005
Zone 3
Pop 2005
Zone 4
Pop 2005
Zone 5
Pop 2005
Zone 6
Pop 2005
Zone 7
Pop 2005
Zone Dar
Pop 2005
Non NW
Pop 2005
Non South
Pop 2005 Pop 2005
100%
Peunayong Lamdingin Keuramat Bandar Baru Lambaro Skep Beurawe Laksana Kuta Alam Mulia Lampulo Kota Baru
KUTA ALAM Peulanggahan Gampong Jawa Lampaseh Kota Keudah Gampong Pande Merduati
KUTA RAJA
2.493 2.576 5.133 7.490 3.700 6.126 5.193 4.118 3.189 2.200 2.030 44.248 944 1.091 1.236 671 256 1.004 5.202
F Pm
F
2.493
Pm
1.288
Pm
2.567
Ps
2.567
Pm
3.745
Pm
3.745
Pm
1.295
Pm
1.295
Pm
3.063
Pm
4.154
Ps
1.039
Pm
3.294
Ps
824
F
3.189
Pm
1.100 F
2.030
23.125
14.562
52%
33%
Pm
-
Pm
1.288
Pm
1.110
Pm
1.100
3.063
3.063
-
3.498
7%
944 546
F
1.236
F
671
Ps
51
F
1.004 4.452
-
-
-
-
-
Pm
546
Pm
205
-
750
86%
Alue Naga Tibang Deah Raya Pineung Jeulingke Iemasen Kaye Adang Rukoh Lamgugob Kopelma Darussalam
SYIAH KUALA
1.170 825 360 3.449 6.350 3.235 4.500 8.669 5.896 34.454
-
8%
-
14% F Ps
-
-
165
F
3.449
Pm
3.175
F
3.235
F
8.669 18.693
-
-
1.170
Pm
660
F
360
Ps
3.175
Pm
2.250 Pm
2.250
Pm
4.717 Ps
1.179
6.967
8.794
-
7
Sub-district (desa) District (kecamatan)
Pop 2005, (sub)-district
Zone 1 Pop 2005
Zone 2 Pop 2005
Zone 3
Zone 4
Pop 2005
Zone 5
Pop 2005
Pop 2005
Zone 6
Zone 7
Pop 2005
Pop 2005
54%
Pango Deah Iemasen Ulee Kareng Doi Ilie Lamteh Lamglumpang Ceurih Lambhuk Pango Raya
ULEE KARENG
342 1.383 1.866 2.104 2.018 2.339 2.610 3.792 1.048 17.502
1.383
F
1.866
Pm
1.896
-
5.145
-
29%
KOTA BANDA ACEH Notes:
198.545
23.283 12%
18.382 9%
23.125 12%
36.913 19%
38.400 19%
Non South
Pop 2005 Pop 2005 26%
274
F
2.104
F
2.018
F
2.339
Pm
2.088
Pm
1.896
F
-
Non NW
Pop 2005 20%
Pm F
Zone Dar
68
Ps
522
1.048 11.767
-
-
67% 19.362 10%
Ps
14.830 7%
590 3%
6.967 4%
15.346 8%
1.937 1%
F = desa fully included in drainage zone; Pm = major part of desa included in drainage zone; Ps = minor part of desa included in drainage zone Zone Dar Darussalam drainage zone Non NW Area not included in drainage zones, mainly located towards the sea Non South Minor parts of the city area located to the south of the city and outside the drainage zones
8
Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
Appendix C
Aceh Nias Sea Defence, Flood Protection, Escapes and Early Warning Project BRR Concept Note / INFRA 300GI Sea Defence Consultants
38
Sanitation Workgroup - Banda Aceh
Initial overview and status of sanitation related projects, various sources Type
Sector Project or Program No.
Lead entity at External entity Consultant municipal level
Start Status
Activities Outputs
Remarks
100 Water supply 101 102
Master plan water supply, Banda Study Aceh Leakage study and rehabilitation of Study primary distribution network Rehabilitation of house connections Impl.
PDAM – Tirta Daroy
UNICEF
PDAM – Tirta Daroy
104 105
Rehabilitation of house connections Impl. Support for Return and Village Impl Recovery
106
Tsunami Response Programme - Impl Watsan Sector
107
Provision of Clean Water Supply and Impl Basic Sanitation Facilities
UNICEF PT Sehat Pratama Sejati PI P II P III CV Intan Corporation SAB SAS, Stichting H2O USAID (United States Agency for International Development); Mercy Corps Internationa ADH (Aktion Deutschland Hilft); DEC-UK(UK Disaster Emergency Committee); Gamma-Dynacare; CARE Japan; ECHO (European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office); CARE International UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund)
108
Aceh Besar and Banda Aceh Impl Tsunami Response Programme
DEC-UK(UK Disaster Emergency Ongoing Committee)
109
Aceh Besar and Banda Aceh Tsunami Response Programme or constructed Aceh Besar and Banda Aceh Impl Tsunami Response Programme
Oxfam GB.
103
110
111
Support for Recovery
112
Recovery of Water Sanitation System
Supply
113
Support
and
for
Return
Return
and
Village Impl
and Impl
Village Impl
PDAM – Tirta Daroy
PDAM – Tirta Daroy
Ongoing Ongoing
Completed
Water Supply - Number of water 1-Jan-05 - 20-Jan-07 distribution facilities rehabilitated TIBANG (SYIAH KUALA)
Ongoing
Water Supply - Number of water 31-Dec-09 distribution facilities rehabilitated LAMBARO SKEP
Ongoing
Water Supply - Number of water 1-Jan-05 - 31-Dec-09 distribution facilities rehabilitated All Desas - All Kecamatans - Kota BANDA ACEH Water Supply - Number of 1-Jan-05 - 31-Mar-08 (small-scale) water points TIBANG (SYIAH KUALA) rehabilitated or constructed Water Supply - Number of 1-Jan-05 - 31-Mar-08 (small-scale) water points RUKOH(SYIAH KUALA) rehabilitated Water Supply - Number of 1-Jan-05 - 31-Mar-08 (small-scale) water points JEULINGKE(SYIAH KUALA) rehabilitated or constructed Water Supply - Number of water 20-Jan-07.TIBANG (SYIAH KUALA) distribution facilities rehabilitated
Ongoing
DEC-UK(UK Disaster Emergency Ongoing Committee) Oxfam GB USAID (United States Agency for Completed International Development); Mercy Corps International Japanese Government Completed
Mercy
Corps
International; Completed
Water Supply - Number of water 30-Sep-07distribution facilities rehabilitated Desa to be Defined - Kecamatan to be Defined - Kota BANDA ACEH Water Supply - Number of water All Desas - JAYA BARU
1
Sanitation Workgroup - Banda Aceh Type
Sector Project or Program No. Recovery 114
Lead entity at External entity Consultant municipal level
Potable Water for Tsunami Victims
Start Status
Activities Outputs
Remarks
USAID (United States Agency for International Development WISH (Water Initiative for Completed Securing Health) Singapore Red Cross
distribution facilities rehabilitated
GTZ-SLGSR
Ongoing
Ongoing
Household survey (Sept, Oct 07 Results presented at a local seminar 5400 KK) 16 June 2008 Priority setting for selection of Selected priority areas: 1) Peuniti, 2) Sanimas Peunayong, Lakasan, Keuramat 3) Suka Ramai Human Waste Management Number of public toilet facilities constructed/rehabilitated 31-Dec-09.KUTARAJA Human Waste Management Number of public toilet facilities constructed/rehabilitated 20-Jan-07. JAYA BARU Human Waste Management - GAMPONG JAWA (KUTARAJA) Number of sludge water treatment plant Human Waste Management - 5-Jan-06. GAMPONG JAWA Number of sludge water (KUTARAJA) treatment Human Waste Management - JAYA BARU, 5-Aug-05. Number of public toilet facilities constructed/rehabilitated
Water Supply - Number of water Desa to be Defined - BANDA RAYA distribution facilities rehabilitated
200 Waste water and community based sanitation 201
Sanitation mapping
202
Tsunami Response Programme - Impl Watsan Sector
CARE International Indonesia
203
Support for Recovery
204
Emergency Earthquake
USAID (United States Agency for Completed International Development); Mercy Corps International IRD (International Relief & Completed Development)
205
Septage Treatment Rehabilitation
206
Cash for Work (CfW)
Return
Study
and
Response
to
Bapedalda - Kota
Village Impl
Asia Impl
Plant Impl
JICA (Japan International Completed Cooperation Agency) Mercy Corps International; Completed DAI(Development Alternatives, Inc.); USAID; UNDP
300 Solid waste 301
Public awareness campaign
302
303
Regional final disposal site (TPA), Study Blang Bintang, Kabupaten Aceh Impl Besar – 200ha Improving Water & Sanitation Conditions of Acehnese Displaced by the Earthquake & Tsunami in Indonesia
DKP
ECHO (European Commission Completed Humanitarian Aid Office IOM (International Organization for Migration)
304
Tsunami
DKP
MDF (Multi Donor Fund)
Recovery
Impl
Waste Impl
DKP
World Vision Multi Donor Fund
Ongoing
Publicity boards are placed at different location in the city Feasibility study, draft DED and Draft DED to be presented in June Amdal 2008. Land acquisition completed Solid Waste Management - LAMTEH (ULEE KARENG) Number of garbage containers provided/rehabilitated
Solid Waste Management - Site All Desas - All Kecamatans - Kota
2
Sanitation Workgroup - Banda Aceh Type Sector Project or Program No. Management Programme (TRWMP) in NAD-Nias 305 Improving Water & Sanitation Impl Conditions of Acehnese Displaced by the Earthquake & Tsunami in Indonesia 306 Resumption of Municipal Solid Waste Impl Collection Services
Lead entity at External entity Consultant municipal level
307
DKP
Improving Water & Sanitation Impl Conditions of Acehnese Displaced by the Earthquake & Tsunami in Indonesia
Start Status
UNDP (United Nations Development Programme ECHO (European Commission Completed Humanitarian Aid Office)
DKP
UNDP (United Nations Completed Development Programme) DKP KBA; PT Krueng Meuh IOM (International Organization Completed for Migration)
Activities Outputs
Remarks
provided and lanscapped for BANDA ACEH final disposal site/TPA (m2) 10-Feb-08 1-Jun-06. JEULINGKE, SYIAH Waste Management - Number of KUALA garbage containers provided/rehabilitated Waste Management - Site All Desas - KUTARAJA provided and lanscapped for final disposal site/TPA (m2) Solid Waste Management - 1-Jun-06 Number of garbage containers PUNGE BLANG CUT, JAYA BARU. provided/rehabilitated PEUNYEURAT, GEUCEU KAYEE JATO,Bandar Raya.
400 Flood protection and drainage 401
Aceh Besar and Banda Aceh Impl Tsunami Response Programme
Oxfam GB Ongoing DEC-UK(UK Disaster Emergency Committee
402
Economic and Community Impl Development in Jaya Baru and Syiah Kuala
Red Cross; Private Funds; ADB Ongoing (Asian Development Bank); Mercy Corps International
403
Economic and Community Impl Development in Jaya Baru and Syiah Kuala
404
Banda Aceh Flood Relief Valves & Pump Stations
American Red Cross; ADB Ongoing (Asian Development Bank); Private Funds; Mercy Corps International Muslim Aid Indonesia Ongoing
405
Livelihoods Revitalization
406
Flood Protection & Urban Study Drainage Banda Aceh Zone I.
Flow Impl
Impl
UNDP (United Nations Completed Development Programme); Mercy Corps International; OFDA (Office of the US Foreign Disaster Assistance) PJSDA
Sea Defence Consultans
Ongoing
Drainage/Storm Management constructed drains rehabilitated (m) Drainage/Storm Management constructed drains rehabilitated (m) Drainage/Storm Management constructed drains rehabilitated (m) Area Covered Control/Coastal (Km2) Drainage/Storm Management constructed drains rehabilitated (m)
Water 31-Mar-08 Length of LAMTEMEN TIMUR, JAYA BARU provided or Water 1-Jan-09 Length of LAMTEMEN BARAT provided or Water 1-Jan-06 - 1-Jan-09 Length of LAMPOH DAYA provided or by Flood 15-Dec-05 - 31-Dec-09 Protection All Desas - All Kecamatans - Kota BANDA ACEH Water 27-Feb-07 Length of Lamtemen Barat provided or
Increase the capacity of Final untuk AMDAL drainage system/ primer 1.Kelayakan Teknis secunder in zone 1. 2.Kelayakan Ekonomi
3
Sanitation Workgroup - Banda Aceh Sector Project or Program No.
Type
Lead entity at External entity Consultant municipal level
Start Status
Activities Outputs
Remarks 3.Kelayakan Lingkungan
407
Flood Protection & Urban Study Drainage Banda Aceh Zone II.
PJSDA
Sea Defence Consultans
Ongoing
408
Flood Protection & Urban Study Drainage Banda Aceh Zone III.
PJSDA
JBIC
Ongoing
409
Flood Protection & Urban Study Drainage Banda Aceh Zone IV
PJSDA
Sea Defence Consultans
Ongoing
408
Flood Protection & Urban Study Drainage Banda Aceh Zone V.
PJSDA
Sea Defence Consultans
Ongoing
409
Flood Protection & Urban Study Drainage Banda Aceh Zone VI.
PJSDA
Moslem Aids
Ongoing
410
Flood Protection & Urban Study Drainage Banda Aceh Zone VII.
PJSDA
Sea Defence Consultans
Ongoing
Increase the capacity of Final untuk AMDAL drainage system/ primer 1.Kelayakan Teknis secunder in zone 2. 2.Kelayakan Ekonomi 3.Kelayakan Lingkungan Increase the capacity of Final untuk AMDAL drainage system/ primer 1.Kelayakan Teknis secunder in zone 3. 2.Kelayakan Ekonomi 3.Kelayakan Lingkungan Increase the capacity of Final untuk AMDAL drainage system/ primer 1.Kelayakan Teknis secunder in zone 4. 2.Kelayakan Ekonomi 3.Kelayakan Lingkungan Increase the capacity of Final untuk AMDAL drainage system/ primer 1.Kelayakan Teknis secunder in zone 5. 2.Kelayakan Ekonomi 3.Kelayakan Lingkungan Increase the capacity of Final untuk AMDAL drainage system/ primer 1.Kelayakan Teknis secunder in zone 6. 2.Kelayakan Ekonomi 3.Kelayakan Lingkungan Increase the capacity of Final untuk AMDAL drainage system/ primer 1.Kelayakan Teknis secunder in zone 7 2.Kelayakan Ekonomi
3.Kelayakan Lingkungan 411
Tsunami Response Programme - Impl Watsan Sector
CARE International Indonesia
412
Secondary dike to protect village Impl (CPL47PL94)
IFRC (International Federation of Completed Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
Area Covered Control/Coastal (Km2)
GTZ-SLGSR, Gadja University Yogyakarta
Detailed spatial development plans
500 Spatial planning and urban development 501 Spatial planning kecamatan: study Kuta Raja, Kuta Alam, Syiah Kuala
Dinas Tata Kota
Ongoing
Mada Completed
Drainage/Storm Water 1-Jan-05 - 31-Dec-09 Management Length of LAMBARO SKEP, Kuta Alam. constructed drains provided or rehabilitated (m) by Flood 1-Mar-06. Protection LAMBARO SKEP, Kuta Alam
and
4
Sanitation Workgroup - Banda Aceh Type
Lead entity at External entity Consultant municipal level
study
Dinas Tata Kota
Start Status
Sector Project or Program No. 502 Spatial planning kecamatan: Meuraxa 503 Permanent Shelter in Paro, Seungkomulat, Baroh Kruengkala, Tunong Krungkala, Meunasah Kruengkala, Jantang, Baroh Geunteut, Teungoh Geunteut, Sukaramai, Darusalam, Indrapuri, Loeng Bata, Bineh Blang, Peukan Bada, Kaye Lee, Jabo Tape and Ulee Tuy villages 504 Transitional Housing in NAD
Impl
MCC (Mennonite Committee. GenAssist/CRWRC
Impl
505
Tsunami Disaster Response Project.
Impl
American Red Cross, Ongoing IOM (International Organization for Migration) Ongoing Habitat for Humanity Indonesia. Donors to be identified; Mercy Corps International; Fidelity Investment; Plan International; Singapore Red Cross; Christian Aid; Bush Clinton Tsunami Funds; Baker Mc. Kenzie; OBI (Obor Berkat Indonesia); Lafarge Indonesia; SHO/HFH Netherlands; etc.
506
Rehabilitation And Reconstruction Of Impl Housing And Settlement in Aceh (RRHS)
507
The Study on the Urgent Impl Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Plan for Banda Aceh City (URRP)
Habitat
Draft completed Central Ongoing
BRR (Badan Rehabilitasi dan Ongoing Rekonstruksi); GITEC German Development Cooperation through KfW Development Bank (German Financial Cooperation); BRR (Badan Rehabilitasi dan Rekonstruksi) JICA (Japan International Completed Cooperation Agency)
Activities Outputs
Remarks
Detailed spatial and development plans Housing - Number of houses 21-May-07 - 31-Mar-08 built In BAITURRAHMAN
Housing - Number of houses 1-Jul-05 - 29-Feb-08 built In LAM ARA, BANDA RAYA Housing - Number of houses 1-Jan-05 - 31-Dec-08 built In JAYA BARU Danamon Bank; General Electric; Citibank Foundation Indonesia; United Church of Christ; Disciples Of Christ; Firmenich; Baptist World Aid; National Association of Realitors USA; Dow Agrichemical; Bintang/Heineken; Sony BMG; Caring House; Ford; Ogilvy; Sequis/Sewu; YPO; LJ Hooker; ORA International/Germany; JW Marriott-USA; Housing - Number of houses 28-Aug-05 - 31-Mar-09 built In JAYA BARU
(SPAT) Number of study reports All Desas - All Kecamatans - Kota BANDA ACEH 1-Mar-06.
5
Sanitation Workgroup - Banda Aceh Sector Project or Program No. 508 Support for Rehabilitation Blueprint Planning by Syah Kuala University 600 Hygiene promotion public health 601 Construction of Health Facilities (Posyandus, Puskesmas, Pustus, Polindes 602 Reconstruction of Punge Blang Cut Village 603 Kecamatan Batee PI (Professionals International) 604 Tsunami Emergency Relief Program (TERP) - Emergency Appeal
Type Impl
Remarks
Islamic Relief; DEC-UK(UK completed Disaster Emergency Committee)
Rehabilitation & Reconstruction- Completed 1 Jan 05 – 1Des 06 Pustu (Number built/repaired) Peulanggahan kutaraja
Impl
CRS (Catholic Relief Service)
completed
Impl
Private Funds; World Relief
completed
Impl
IOM (International Organization completed for Migration)
Rehabilitation & Reconstruction Clinic (Number built/repaired) Rehabilitation & Reconstruction Clinic (Number built/repaired Rehabilitation & ReconstructionSatellite Health Posts (Number provided) Rehabilitation & ReconstructionPuskesmas (Number built/repaired
Impl
606
Construction of Intensive Care Unit of the BLPKM Hospital; Construction of Emergency Room of the Permanta Hati Hospital; Equipping the Emergency Rehabilitation and Reconstruction of Impl Zainoel Abidin Hospital Banda Aceh (Joint FC/TC)
609
Activities Outputs
(SPAT) Number of study reports 31-Mar-05. KOPELMA DARUSSALAM, Syiah Kuala.
HEALTH SERVICES PROGRAM Impl (HSP) for Banda Aceh, Aceh Besar, Aceh Barat and Aceh Jaya.
608
Start Status
JICA (Japan International Completed Cooperation Agency)
605
607
Lead entity at External entity Consultant municipal level
Community Dental Hygiene Training for Children Community Health Hygiene and Impl Nutrition Education Pilot Project
Dinas Kesehatan
USAID (United States Agency for ongoing International Development) JSI Research and Training Institute, Inc MTI (Medical Teams ongoing International)
1-Jan-06-27-Aug-08 KUTA ALAM 1-Jan-05-1-Jan-07 1-Jan-05 - 30-Jun-06 SYIAH KUALA 30-Sep-08 LAMBARO SKEP
Rehabilitation & Reconstruction- 1-Jul-07 Hospitals (Number built/repaired All Desas - MEURAXA
Rehabilitation & Reconstruction- 12-Jan-05 - 31-Oct-09 Hospitals (Number BANDAR BARU (KUTA ALAM) built/repaired)
DKK
German Development Ongoing Cooperation through KfW Development Bank (German Financial Cooperation MTI(Medical Team International ) Ongoing
DKK
American Red Coss
Ongoing
Training
DPU Pusat
Ongoing
Small community development Co-funding between Community – projects are identified, Private sector and program (Central developed and implemented. Government) E.G.: micro drainage, local production of building materials Training manuals for participative planning (local
Training for children
Kuta Raja, Mesjid Raya,Leupung subdistrict
700 Community development and support 701
P2KP
702
CAP - Community action plans
Study Design Impl.
GTZ-SLGSR
6
Sanitation Workgroup - Banda Aceh Sector Project or Program No. PWJ_Women Recovery Supported
703
704 705
Type
Lead entity at External entity Consultant municipal level
Impl
Grant agreement for the provision of Impl financial assistance to ASEPHI for the rehabilitation of the traditional handicrafts in Aceh Province Rehabilitation of Mangrove Forest Impl damaged by Tsunami Improved Children's Access to Impl Quality Education
706
Economic and Community Impl Development in Jaya Baru and Syiah Kuala
707
Women Capacity Buiding Programs Impl for livelihood in 5 villages in the city of Banda Aceh and the district of Aceh Besar that have been affected by the Tsunami
Peace Winds Platform.
Japan,
Start Status
Japan Completed
CHF International (Community Completed Habitat Finance International)
P3K
KOICA Korea, Republic of Save the Children OFDA (Office of the US Foreign Disaster Assistance) Mercy Corps ADB (Asian Development Bank); Private Funds; Mercy Corps International; American Red Cross Yayasan Sumber Utama (The Source); The Source (Yayasan Sumber Utama
Ongoing Ongoing
Activities Outputs
Remarks
leaders) Livelihood Recovery and income USD 24,473 generation through training, material provision and loan. Number of industrial facilities provided.
Number of reseach centres or 20-Oct-08 laboratories supported/provided Number of community learning 1-Jan-05 - 31-Dec-09 center built LAMBARO SKEP, KUTA ALAM
Ongoing
Number of meunusah (prayer 1-Jan-06 - 1-Jan-09 halls) built/repaired LAMPOH DAYA, JAYA BARU
Ongoing
Number of community/village 10-Jan-06 -28-Dec-09 halls rebuilt/new MULIA,KUTA ALAM
7
Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
Appendix D
Aceh Nias Sea Defence, Flood Protection, Escapes and Early Warning Project BRR Concept Note / INFRA 300GI Sea Defence Consultants
39
Master Plan Solid Waste Management; recommendations and immediate actions Source: LAPORAN MASTER PLAN PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH UNTUK KOTA BANDA ACEH PASCA TSUNAMI, REPUBLIK INDONESIA JUNI 2007 Disusun Oleh: Dinas Kebersihan dan Pertamanan (DKP) – Kota Banda Aceh Tim Ahli Pengelolaan Sampah dari Kota Rotterdam dan Apeldoorn Belanda Difasilitasi Oleh: Asosiasi Kota-Kota di Belanda – VNG-International Den Haag, Belanda
Tindak Lanjut Penerimaan Politis dan Sosial terhadap Rekomendasi Proses pelaksanaan Master Plan berada di tangan manajemen DKP dengan dukungan yang dijabarkan dengan jelas oleh pemerintah daerah (kota) dan, dukungan dari pemerintah provinsi bila dibutuhkan. Akan tetapi, permasalah dalam pengelolaan sampah muncul di tingkat jalan (desa) dan lingkungan (kecamatan), dan oleh karena itu menjadi penting bahwa hubungan kerja yang efektif harus dikembangkan dengan 9 kecamatan dan 20 kelurahan dan 70 desa. Hal ini merupakan hal yang sedikit baru bagi manajer zona, asisten manager zona, mandor dan fasilitator, dan karena itu sangat dibutuhkan adanya pelatihan yang terfokus tentang komunikasi dan kemampuan membangun kerjasama Sepertinya, harus dilakukan pendekatan dengan segman swasta dari masyarakat agar terbangun saling pengertian antara pihak swasta dan DKP. Pengguna utama jasa pelayanan DKP: memiliki hak untuk menentukan pelayan apa yang mereka butuhkan dan harapkan, ingin mengetahui bagaimana pelayanan tersebut diberikan, bekerjasama lebih baik dengan DKP bila mereka telah mengetahui mengapa pelayanan tersebut diatur sedemikian rupa, merupakan sumber informasi terbaik untuk mengetahui bagaimana sesungguhnya pelayanan tersebut mereka terima, dan lebih peduli tentang pelayanan tersebut dari siapapun juga, (dari program pelatihan LOGO SOUTH, Juni 2007). Dalam konteks perencanaan peningkatan pelayanan, masalah pembayaran retribusi, atau biaya pelayanan atau tarif harus dikembangkan dan digali secara hati-hati. Banyak waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk mengembangkan sistem penutupan biaya yang adil, terjangkau oleh sebagian besar masyarakat (termasuk suatu pilihan untuk membebaskan), pengutipannya dapat diterima (pada biaya berapa bisa ditangani dan pada biaya berapa tidak bisa ditangani, tetapi tetap disubsidi oleh pemerintah) baik secara finansial dan praktek. Pengembangan Kemitraan Pentingnya hubungan dengan dinas terkait, wakil dari kecamatan, organisasi kemasyarakatan, dsb telah ditekankan. Untuk alasan tertentu harus ada pihak yang memperluas komunikasi ini dengan lembaga-lembaga diatas yang ada di Aceh Besar. Dengan mempertimbangkan rencana pembangunan TPA bersama di Aceh Besar dan kemungkinan untuk adanya hubungan kerjasama yang lebih luas, dirasa penting untuk melakukan upaya yang mendasar dalam mengembangkan hubungan Pemko Banda Aceh dengan Kabupaten Aceh Besar dengan melihat kepentingan bersama. Terkait dengan sektor swasta formal dan informal, DKP juga harus memulai dialog dan mengidentifikasi bidang yang perlu dikembangkan. DKP harus mendukung kegiatan pembangunan yang terkait dengan sampah seperti re-use dan recycling dan tidak bertindak diam dan mengabaikannya. Ada sisi-sisi yang perlu dikembangkan secara mendasar – dalam jangka menengah – dalam hal ini, kebiasaan-kebiasaan lama harus dihilangkan. Dalam konteks ini disarankan untuk memperkuat biro penasehat staf, untuk merekrut sarjana teknik pembangunan, dan menetapkan tugas yang harus dilakukannya untuk mendukung kegiatan re-use dan recycling sampah dengan bekerja sama dengan sektor swasta. Pembiayaan (awal) Komponen Proyek Pada tahun 2005 anggaran DKP berjumlah Rp. 8,3 milliar (3,0% dari anggaran Kota), pada tahun 2006 anggarannya bertambah menjadi Rp. 12,9 milliar (3,2% dari anggaran Kota), dan untuk tahun 2007 anggarannya bertambah menjadi Rp. 13,9 milliar (2,7% dari anggaran Kota). Anggaran terutama terdiri
1
dari komponen gaji dan upah pekerja, biaya perawatan, perbaikan dan operasional kendaraan/peralatan, operasional TPA dan pilot project. Biaya investasi peralatan baru tidak dimasukkan dalam anggaran, tetapi dimasukkan dalam anggaran bagian umum pemko. Akibatnya, anggaran DKP tidak mencerminkan dan mewakili semua biaya yang dibutuhkan untuk operasionalnya. Mempertimbangkan kondisi yang diterangkan diatas, disarankan untuk memasukkan biaya tersebut dalam anggaran DKP kedepan (atau membebankan biaya tersebut ke DKP). Keduanya sebagai investasi (dalam anggaran modal), dan sebagai jumlah dari biaya rutin (dalam anggaran biaya operasional). Dengan melakukan seperti itu, DKP menjadi lebih terlibat dalam (menetapkan dan menjelaskan) kebutuhan akan investasi jangka pendek dan jangka menengah. Pasca tsunami dimana bagian mendasar inventaris kendaraan dan peralatan banyak yang hilang, kendaraan-kendaraan dan peralatan baru telah disumbangkan ke DKP. Meskipun item-item tersebut dimasukkan dalam daftar aset DKP, tidak ada dibuat usulan untuk penggantian kendaraan dan peralatan tersebut suatu saat nanti. Semoga masih agak lama lagi kendaraan dan peralatan tersebut harus diganti, namun perlu ditetapkan jangka waktunya, misalkan sekitar tahun 2015. Pada saat tersebut pemerintah kota harus berada pada posisi untuk menggantian sebagian besar aset-aset bergerak tersebut dalam beberapa tahun. Untuk tahun 2007 tidak ada investasi baru yang dimasukkan dalam anggaran DKP 2007, kecuali komitmen pemda untuk turut membiaya sejumlah investasi kecil bersama dengan VNG-International (lihat lampiran 21, untuk lebih rinci). Akan tetapi permintaan bantuan sudah disampaikan kepada sejumlah donor dan BRR untuk menyediakan dana tambahan untuk melengkapi peralatan yang ada. Pengembangan dari Master Plan ini harus menyediakan landasan fungsional untuk investasi ini. Penyediaan prioritas utama dan skema investasi jangka pendek ditampilkan seperti dibawah ini: Kegiatan / item Prioritas utama, <2 tahun Jangka pendek, 3-5 years Komunikasi Membeli 2 unit pick up double cabin untuk penyuluhan/komunikasi, dsb. Memperluas dan meningkatkan sistem komunikasi yang sudah ada (radio komunikasi dan repeater) Memperbanyak jumlah laptop bersama yang ada serta memperbesar kapasitas peralatan cetak/printer Menambah jumlah sepeda motor (sistem pool) Pembersihan jalan Mempertimbangkan layak tidaknya dan saluran memperluas kapasitas penyapuan jalan (kapasitas tambahan bagi pick up) Memperbaiki metode kerja penyapuan jalan (pemungut sampah, kantong plastik, kontainer, dsb) Membeli tambahan pakaian seragam bagi kegiatan operasional Pengumpulan Penjadwalan ulang dan memperluas sampah pelayanan rutin pengumpulan sampah (sistem shift dan frekwensi pengumpulan) Perlu penambahan kontainer 6 m3 Memulai memperkenalkan penggunaan tong sampah di rumah tangga Memperbanyak jumlah tempat sampah kecil di tempat umum Membangun 2 transfer stasion di Banda Aceh untuk pengangkutan sekunder sampah ke Aceh Besar, dan mengatur pengangkutan sampah dengan volume besar Pengadaan seragam kerja tambahan bagi kegiatan operasional Pembuangan Akhir Memperluas kapasitas TPA yang Membangun TPA Teknis baru di ada di Gampong Jawa Aceh Besar
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Kegiatan / item
Prioritas utama, <2 tahun Jangka pendek, 3-5 years Pemasangan jembatan timbang di Idem, 2 units TPA Workshop Memperluas dan melengkapi peralatan dan perlengkapan kerja yang ada untuk mengantisipasi adanya armada baru Membangun workshop baru di TPA Gampong Jawa (Pembangunan TPA dan Workshop akan ditangani oleh BRR, UNDP dan UNICEF). Implementasi Gugus Tugas dan Pelaksanaannya Pentingnya komite pengarah dan tim manajemen pemerintah kota dalam rangka pengembangan Master Plan ini, telah diterangkan. Sebagai tambahan, disarankan untuk menunjuk secara resmi Gugus Tugas DKP, yang terdiri dari sejumlah Kelompok Kerja. Kelompok Kerja dibutuhkan untuk: menyiapkan skema penyapuan jalan dan pengumpulan sampah yang lebih baik serta jadwal kerja, dan menentukan kebutuhannya (kendaraan, peralatan, peralatan kerja, tenaga kerja, dsb) menyiapkan sistem administratif operasional dan keuangan yang lebih baik, dan menentukan kebutuhannya (format pelaporan, program komputer, staf, dsb) menyiapkan komunikasi, pendidikan dan hubungan dengan pelanggan dan pendekatan penegakan hukum, serta menetapkan kebutuhannya (pusat layanan jasa dan meja pengaduan, perangkat komunikasi, jaringan komunikasi,staf, dsb) mendukung untuk memformalkan perubahan-perubahan (secara internal, dilingkungan kota), dan penentuan prosedurnya (instruksi internal, kesepakatan dengan dinas lain, peraturan baru/telah direvisi, dsb). Daftar prioritas utama aksi jangka pendek ditampilkan dibawah ini: Bidang strategis /item Prioritas utama, < 2 years Politik Mendiskusikan, mengajukan dan mengesahkan Master Plan Pengelolaan sampah Pembahasan anggaran berfokus pada aspek sosial, memberikan pelayanan dan anggaran Mendukung dan mengaktifkan (kembali) pemungutan retribusi
Kelembagaan
Sosial
Hukum/peraturan/pen egakan hukum
Jangka pendek, 3-5 years Mengevaluasi tujuan dan menindaklanjuti langkah-langkah yang harus diambil Memberikan perhatian yang terus menerus dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan yang diberikan Memberikan perhatian yang terus menerus terhadap kualitas dan efektifitas pengutipan retribusi sampah Membuat struktur komuniakasi. DKP<- Menjaga agar masalah >pemda<->dewan pengelolaan sampah selalu menjadi agenda politik; mengupdate Master Plan secara berkala Mengaktifkan komite pengarah untuk mengimplementasikan Master Plan Peningkatan hubungan kerja dengan dinas Membangun kerjasama dengan terkait (dalam bentuk proyek bersama) KKP Aceh Besar Mengembangkan hubungan kerjasama dalam bentuk kontrak kerja dengan dinasdinas yang menerima jasa pelayanan DKP Memastikan keberlanjutan pembuangan Idem akhir sampah Memperkuat hubungan dengan mitra/stakeholder/penerima pelayanan Mendukung kegiatan kebersihan yang dilakukan oleh organisasi berbasis masyarakat Melibatkan kelompok wanita dalam pendidikan tentang pengelolaan sampah Meng-update dan mengembangkan peraturan tentang pengelolaan sampah dalam hal aplikasi praktisnya Mengembangkan suatu pendekatan yang terkoordinasi dengan PEPERDA terkait
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Bidang strategis /item Prioritas utama, < 2 years dengan penegakan hukum Organisasi Membuat kelompok kerja yang akan mengimplementasikan Master Plan; buat laporan secara tertulis Menggunakan Kecamatan dan desa sebagai batas untuk memperbaiki pelayanan dan zonasi: buat rencana kerja untuk masingmasing jalan secara mendetail Mengembangkan pendekatan kerja berbasiskan proyek Mengembangkan suatu konsep perencanaan operasional
Operasional/teknis
Komunikasi
Lingkungan hidup
Membuat sebuat perpustakaan kecil untuk legislasi, peraturan, dan literatur yang terkain dengan pengelolaan sampah Menetapkan kriteria pelayanan bagi penyapuan jalan dan pengumpulan sampah (input, hasil) Memperkenalkan secara mantap standardisasi tong sampah Menyesuaikan jadwal kerja harian untuk meningkatkan/memperluas pelayanan yang diberikan Memperkenalkan pengelolaan armada, termasuk perawatan pencegahan Memperkuat kemampuan komunikasi personel di tingkat manajemen menengah Memperkenalkan pusat komunikasi (meja pelayanan) di DKP Mengembangkan program informasi pendidikan/kesadaran lingkungan Mengembangkan hubungan kerja dengan Dinas-Dinas kebersihan yang ada di Sumatera Membangun barak, ruang penyimpanan, dan fasilitas lain bagi komunitas pemulung yang ada di TPA Memfasilitasi dan mempromosikan re-use dan recycling bagi sektor informal Menunjuk seorang spesialist 3R dalam tim DKP Membuat neraca massa sampah untuk masing-masing kecamatan
Keuangan/ekonomi
Memperkenalkan sistem pembiayaan yang berbasiskan output/kegiatan Mengembang sistem retribusi dan kontrak untuk berbagai jenis pelanggan Memperkenalkan strategi pemenuhan biaya untuk meningkatkan pemasukan bagi DKP secara bertahap Mengembangkan sistem surat tagihan dan biaya pengumpulan sampah bersama sama dengan pihak DIPENDA
Jangka pendek, 3-5 years Membentuk suatu unit di DKP yang menyiapkan/ mengevaluasi suatu kebijakan
Menyusun dan mengembangkan sistem pengolahan data dengan komputer
Mengembangkan pendekatan penyapuan jalan yang lebih efektif Tempat sampah standart menjadi praktek standard
Peningkatan secara bertahap kemampuan professional bengkel yang ada
Secara mantap mengembangkan pelayanan komunikasi Sedang berjalan Sedang berjalan
Pemulung dilibatkan kegiatan pemilahan dihulu
dalam sampah
Sedang berjalan, tergantung pada perspektif Mengembang pemisahan sampah antara kertas/kardus, botol plastik, di kantor-kantor pemerintah Secara priodik melakukan analisis sampah kota Membuat inventaris barangbarang berbahaya Sistemnya telah menjadi praktek standard Sistemnya telah menjadi praktek standard; perlu di update setiap tahunnya. Sistemnya telah menjadi praktek standard dan pasti akan memperbaiki posisi keuangan DKP Perbaikan lebih lanjut dari sistem tersebut disosialisasikan secara terus menerus
Sejumlah issu mengalir mulai dari “prioritas utama” hingga “jangka pendek” dan akan melekat secara
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struktural dalam rutinitas, dan masih membutuhkan perhatian secara berkala. Menyangkut dengan jangka menengah (5-10 tahun) hal-hal berikut harus menjadi perhatian (sebagian terkait dengan perkembangan bidang pengelolaan sampah di tingkat nasional): Kenaikan biaya perawatan dan perbaikan dapat terjadi sebagai akibat bertambahnya umur kendaraan: dukungan keuangan juga harus dipersiapkan untuk menggantikan armada utama setelah pemakaian secara intensif selama sepuluh tahun kedepan (4 shift per hari, 7 hari dalam seminggu untuk hampir semua kendaraan), Proyek-proyek percontohan yang terkait dengan pemisahan sampah rumah tangga pada sumbernya di berbagai kota di Indonesia barang kali dapat dijadikan acuan dalam pengembangan kedepan. Hal ini juga dapat diaplikasikan pada sektor komersial dan institusi. Tujuan realistis yang terkait dengan konsep 3R harus ditetapkan, dan harus menetapkan pencapaian-pencapaian yang sesuai, DKP melakukan langkah baru dalam pengelolaan sampah bahan kimia dan sampah berbahaya, sejalan dengan akan dibukanya fasilitas pembuangan (sementara atau akhir) di TPA baru di Aceh Besar, Langkah baru menyangkut tanggung jawab produsen barangkali dapat mempercepat inisiatif baru yang terkait dengan bahan kemasan. Akhirnya, kita harapkan agar Undang-Undang Persampahan yang baru dapat memberikan arahan baru bagi Pemerintah Daerah, dan akan mendukung sejumlah petunjuk dan saran yang dimuat dalam Master plan ini.
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
Appendix E
Aceh Nias Sea Defence, Flood Protection, Escapes and Early Warning Project BRR Concept Note / INFRA 300GI Sea Defence Consultants
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Error! Reference source not found. Sanitation Workgroup - Banda Aceh
Main points discussed with municipal department heads No 1
Tanggal Rabu,3 2008
2
Kamis,4 2008
Juni
Walikota Kota Banda Aceh
3
Jumat, 6 Juni 2008
Dinas Kesehatan
4
Jumat, 6 Juni 2008
Kantor Bappeda
Juni
SKPD/ Sumber Dinas Prasarana Jalan dan Sumber Daya Air
Catatan penting yang diperoleh. Penjajakan dilakukan guna memperoleh gambaran atau ide dari masing – masing dinas. Ada ide-ide yang bisa disatukan dalam perbaikan sanitasi kota. Permasalahan yang dimasukan dalam buku putih memanfaatkan data-data dari berbagai sumber yang sudah tersedia dan dimanfaatkan oleh dinas instansi Dinas instansi terkait yang bisa masuk kedalam keanggotan pokja( apakah kota-kota ISSDP ada yang mengikutsertakan anggota dewan dan LSM.) maupun PKK ,MUSRENA ( Musyawarah Perencanaan Aksi Perempuan ), sehingga peran perempuan memang dikedepankan dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan. Diadakan kunjungan ke masing-masing instansi terlebih dahulu untuk mendengar secara langsung dan tanggapan mereka mengenai pembentukan pokja, sehingga perlu disusun jadwal kunjungan dan akan dilakukan semacam workshop kecil untuk pembentukan pokja sanitasi kota. Tentang pendanaan disinggung pengalaman Kota Solo pada tahun pertama ISSDP menyediakan dana dari APBD kurang lebih Rp.200.000.000,- untuk operasionalisasi pokja. Sedang untuk pendanaan program sanitasi ini pemerintah kota harus memasukan serta menganggarkannya dalam RPJM, sehingga nantinya pemerintah pusat bisa mendanainya. Ir. Mawardy Nurdin sebagai Walikota Banda Aceh sangat menghargai gagasan dan upaya ini, akan membantu segala sesuatunya untuk terealisasinya program, apalagi hal ini untuk mewujudkan MDGs Indonesia dalam bidang sanitasi. Disebutkan pula beberapa lokasi di Banda Aceh yang dilakukan pembangunan pasca tsunami baik oleh pemerintah maupun dari pihak donor khususnya dalam bidang sanitasi untuk masyarakat. Pemerintah Kota Banda Aceh berupaya mengedepankan peran perempuan ( karena perempuan kebanyakan berada dibelakang, mereka malu untuk tampil dan mengambil peran dalam pembangunan yang sebenarnya banyak membutuhkan peran mereka ), sehingga disamping ada upaya partisipatif dalam pembangunan dengan apa yang disebut “ MUSRENBANG “ juga ada apa yang disebut “MUSRENA” yaitu Musyawarah Rencana Aksi Perempuan, yaitu upaya-upaya untuk memerankan perempuan Aceh didalam pembangunan. Akan diadakannya semacam “Klinik Sanitasi” disetiap unit level kecamatan sehingga bisa memberikan layanan informasi kepada ,masyarakat miskin di kota. Program Kota Sehat belum dilaunching di Banda Aceh demikian juga CLTS, tetapi kalau program cuci tangan memakai sabun/ HWWS sudah dilaksanakan sebagai satu bagian dalam usaha kesehatan sekolah. Dengan adanya tsunami ini dimana 1/3 wilayah hancur, sehingga banyak sarana sosial dan infrastruktur yang harus dibangun kembali. Sangat berterimakasih kepada team yang mempunyai gagasan untuk mencoba membentuk kelembagaan air bersih dan sanitasi. Mengenai kehidupan sosial bisa dibedakan menjadi sebelum dan sesudah tsunami : 1).Sebelum tsunami, masyarakat mudah dan rela untuk diajak bergotong royong.2)Sesudah tsunami sangat sulit diajak bergotong royong karena kebiasaan memberikan uang kepada mereka ( lembaga donor yang bekerja di Banda Aceh) PAD Kota Banda Aceh hanya Rp.400 milyar untuk belanja daerah Rp.500 milyar dimana 65% untuk salary government staff.
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Error! Reference source not found. Sanitation Workgroup - Banda Aceh No Tanggal SKPD/ Sumber 5
Senin, 9 Juni 2008
Dinas Pasar
6
Selasa, 10 juni 2008
Dinas Tenaga Kerja dan Kependudukan
7
Selasa, Juni 2008
Dinas Tata Kota
8
Rabu, 11 Juni 2008
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Kantor Bapedalda
Catatan penting yang diperoleh. Pasar yang tidak sehat menurut dinas pasar antara lain : 1).Sistem Pengelolaan Pasar belum terstrukturkan dengan baik. Contoh : Menjadi satunya tempat penyembelihan dengan tempat penjualan, atau pedagang unggas menyembelih ditempat dia berjualan, sehingga kotoran dibuang ditempat. 2).Pedagang yang sudah selesai berjualan tidak membersihkan tempat jualannya dengan sempurna, membuang sampahnya sembarangan. 3).Sistem pembuangan limbah. Didalam pasar banyak sekali sistem yang tidak sehat dalam pembangunan pembuangan air limbah pasar. 4).Perilaku pedagang, contohnya tidak mau menempati kios yang telah disediakan, dengan alasan berjualan dipinggir jalan/ kakilima lebih laku. Pada sistem pengelolaan pasar telah disusun konsepnya dan sudah masuk ke sekretaris daerah untuk ditetapkan melalui SK walikota Kependudukan mungkin hanya akan support informasi kependudukan, karena saat ini baru dilaksanakan pendataan ulang jumlah penduduk kota Banda Aceh pasca tsunami. Sebagai contoh sebelum tsunami jumlah penduduk di kecamatan Meuraxa ada 31.876 jiwa, pasca tsunami tinggal 5.000 jiwa ( hampir 80% meninggal karena tsunami ). Pada tahun 2008 ini jumlahnya sudah mencapai kurang lebih 11.000 jiwa. Pendataan kembali keseluruhan dari total penduduk 211.437 jiwa dilakukan oleh dinas dengan format kependudukan yang lengkap pada Juni 2008 baru mencapai kurang lebih 161.391 jiwa. Proses masih tetap berjalan beberapa hambatan untuk kegiatan ini pada kemampuan masyarakat yang belum siap Tujuan penataan ruang wilayah Aceh pasca bencana gempa bumi dan tsunami adalah membangun kembali wilayah, kota, kawasan, dan lingkungan permukiman yang rusak akibat bencana gempa dan tsunami. Revisi tata ruang kota Banda Aceh sampai dengan 2010 baru saja selesai dilaksanakan serta selesai menyusun Visi DTK Kota Banda Aceh sampai 5 tahun kedepan. Skenario yang digunakan adalah dengan menerapkan model pengembangan kota Dual Center With Multi Recidential Area. Model pengembangan ini merupakan konsep pengembangan kota yang memiliki dua pusat kota untuk mendorong perkembangan kota dan didukung oleh permukiman dengan kegiatan ekonomi di dalamnya. DTK sangat menghargai rencana pengembangan program SDC dengan menyentuh pada kegiatan sanitasi yang lebih peduli pada masyarakat. Sanitasi dengan penanganan kelembagaan atau kelompok kerja sanitasi yang diberi peran dari mulai mengumpulkan permasalahan sanitasi kota antar dinas/anggota, menganalisa, sampai merumuskan strategi untuk implementasi sangat baik untuk dicoba. Bapedalda sudah berdiri sejak tahun 2001 sedang keberadaan kantor yang mandiri di depan RS Meraxa baru mulai tahun 2008 dengan jumlah staff 28 orang. Tugas pokok dan fungsi dari kantor ini antara lain :Melakukan pencegahan dampak yang bisa merusak lingkungan,Pemantauan kegiatan yang berpengaruh langsung pada lingkungan, termasuk UPL atau Upaya Pengelolaan Lingkungan, UKL atau Upaya kegiatan Pemantauan Lingkungan.
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Error! Reference source not found. Sanitation Workgroup - Banda Aceh No Tanggal SKPD/ Sumber
9
Kamis, 12 Juni 2008
Kantor Infokom
10
Kamis, 12 Juni 2008
Dinas Prasarana Jalan dan Sumber Daya Air
11
Jumat, 13 Juni 2008
BPMKS ( Badan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Kesejahteraan Sosial )
12
Senin, 16 Juni 2008
Dinas Kebersihan dan Pertamanan
Catatan penting yang diperoleh. Bekerja sama dengan lembaga lain akan menangani daerah kritis di kota, yaitu daerah Peuniti Baiturahman. Disebut kritis disini karena penduduknya padat, langganan banjir tahunan, kumuh, drainase dan pengendalian air tidak jalan. Sebagai anggota tim survey untuk pemetaan sanitasi yang telah selesai dilaksanakan untuk 5.400 RT memberikan informasi tentang keadaan dan pemahaman sanitasi oleh masyarakat, sehingga bisa sebagai pedoman didalam melakukan kegiatan pengembangan sanitasi tingkat kota. Tentang infokom ada beberapa persepsi dari masyarakat sekarang ini, bahwa kom dalam bahasa Aceh artinya mandul atau mati, sehingga dianggap instansi yang mandul, tidak penting dan sebagainya. Image ini yang perlu tantangan untuk merobahnya sehingga masyarakat akan memberikan apresiasi yang baik terhadap kinerja kantor INFOKOM. Belum terpolanya pemahaman dan kalau ada kerjasama lintas sector terhadap sanitasi, artinya penyampaian informasi mengenai sanitasi yang dilakukan oleh infokom kepada masyarakat harus benar-benar dipahami, sehingga masyarakat sadar dan bisa menjaga kelestarian lingkungan. Kelembagaan ini akan dibahas lebih lanjut karena pembentukannya dan pengesahan dari walikota diperkirakan tidak akan mengalami hambatan sudah pada konsekwensinya kelompok sanitasi bekerja maka akan sedikit memperoleh dana yang dianggarkan oleh kota. Data based sanitasi untuk kota memang belum ada sehingga masterplannya belum juga tersedia. Sehingga sangat baik dipilih 1 zona untuk pilot proyek. Apakah zona 6 Kota Raja yang menurut penilaian merupakan wilayah merah/perlu perhatian khusus, atau mungkin Kota Alam juga bisa sebagai pilihan lokasi pilotkampung Rahmat, Peunete adalah merupakan lokasi padat penduduk.Menurutnya GTZ merencanakan melakukan pembangunan sanitasi tingkat RT, mereka telah membagi menjadi blok dan subblok Merekomendasikan untuk melaksanakan program di kampung Rahmat dan gampong Laksana, dimana lahan sangat minim dan banyak produksi limbah rumah tangga masuk ke saluran . Mengapa masyarakat tidak tertarik pada MCK, karena semenjak ada bantuan masing-masing rumah telah membangun jamban keluarga. Masyarakat tidak terbiasa mengelola MCK, dianggap mengelolanya susah dan repot. Untuk MCK banyak berada di masjid, tempat umum seperti pasar dan sekolahan. Musrena merupakan Musyawarah Perencanaan Perempuan digalang dari tingkat bawah. Kantor BPMKS khusus untuk ini memiliki kepala sub bidang pemberdayaan perempuan dibawah bidang sosial budaya. Kegiatan-kegiatan yang mengedepankan peran perempuan adalah : GAMAWAR ( Gampong Mawadah Warokhmah ) semacam P2WKSS ( Program Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Keluarga Sehat Sejahtera), ada juga GSI ( Gerakan Sayang Ibu ) dan BKB ) Bina Keluarga Balita) BPMKS dalam pemberdayaan perempuan adalah mempunai mitra implementasinya yaitu PKK. Kerjasama dengan Kota Apeldoorn, sebagian kegiatannya telah dilakukan antara lain untuk : koleksi/ cara-cara pengumpulan sampah, 3 R/ Reuse, Reduce dan Recycling sampah dan sistem retribusi sampah. Pada tahun 2008 ini DKP dibebankan bisa menyetor ke PAD sebesar Rp.1,5 milyar dimana Rp.1,1milyar berasal dari retribusi sampah, sedangkan yang Rp.400 juta berasal dari pengelolaan mobil tinja,taman, mobil jenazah, makam. Sampai dengan semester I DKP telah mencapai 50% dari target. Pada tahun ini DKP yang melakukan pemungutan retribusi sampah, yang sebelumnya dilakukan oleh dispenda/ Dinas Pendapatan Daerah
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Error! Reference source not found. Sanitation Workgroup - Banda Aceh No Tanggal SKPD/ Sumber 13
Selasa 17 Juni 2008
Dinas Perindustrian Perdagangan
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Selasa.17 Juni 2008
P3K (Dinas Pertanian, Petemakan, Perikanan dan Kelautan )
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Rabu, 18 Juni 2008
PDAM
Catatan penting yang diperoleh. Disperindag tidak menangani perijinan-perijinan untuk pendirian industri-industri baik besar, menengah maupun kecil, karena untuk perijinan sudah ditangani oleh kantor pusat pelayanan terpadu satu atap di tingkat kota atau disebut dengan KPPST. Disperindag hanya melakukan kegiatan-kegiatan yang bersifat monitoring serta pembinaan yang dilakukan setiap minggunya oleh 4-5 orang dengan kegiatan pengecekan perijinan, apakah umpamanya pendirian usaha sudah sesuai dengan peraturan seperti ijin ganguan/HO.Juga monitoring untuk kapasitas produksi setiap periodenya, keberdaan infestasi. Abatowaar / Rumah Penyembelihan Hewan/ RPH yang lama ada di gampong Keudah direncanakan akan menjadi rumah potong ayam/unggas. Unggas yang telah dipotong disini baru dikirim untuk dipasarkan di Peunayong, tidak seperti sekarang ini pasar tradisional merangkap tempat penyembelihannya, sehingga kotor dan mencemari. Hanya saja saat ini masyarakat sekitar RPH desa Keudah sudah mulai resah kalau dijadikan rumah pemotongan unggas karena pencemaran bau unggas. Problem yang ada diabatowaar yang baru adalah limbah darah hewan dan kotoran lainnya harus dibuang ke tempat lain ( sungai ) terutama darahnya, karena jarak ke sungai jauh maka merepotkan . RPH yang lama di Keudah berada dipinggir sungai sehingga mudah didalam membuang limbahnya RPH. Dalam perbaikan pelayanan air bersih PDAM mengambil prioritas dengan membagi 2 wilayah antara Sungai Krueng Aceh yaitu wilayah Utara dan wilayah Selatan. Dimana sekarang ini konsentrasinya diwilayah utara dengan memfungsikan perpipaan baru yang dibangun oleh JBIC dan JIC. Wilayah utara adalah wilayah rawan air bersih dimana penyambungan pipa air baru saluran air bersih untuk sekunder dari JIC pada bulan Juni 2008 sudah tuntas. Pipa yang lama utuk kedua wilayah masih dimanfaatkan. Wilayah Selatan baru akan ditangani perbaikan sambungan air bersih pada bulan Juli 2008. Untuk kedua wilayah direncanakan perbaikan-perbaikan tersebut akan selesai pada bulan Desember 2008. Wilayah Utara ini melayani kurang lebih 13.000 sambungan rumah tangga sedang wilayah utara dan selatan total sambungannya kurang lebih 40.000.Rumah Tangga. Didalam memberikan layanan kepada masyarakat yang tidak memperoleh air PDAM juga menyediakan air yang bisa dibeli dari truktruk tangki PDAM dengan harga Rp.90.000/tangki truk atau Rp.150,-/ jerigen 25 liter.
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Quick Scan, Current Sanitation Condition in Banda Aceh, August 2008
Appendix F
Aceh Nias Sea Defence, Flood Protection, Escapes and Early Warning Project BRR Concept Note / INFRA 300GI Sea Defence Consultants
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Sanitation Workgroup - Banda Aceh
Draft Mayor’s Degree for the sanitation working group, Pokjasan KEPUTUSAN WALIKOTA BANDA ACEH, NOMOR: TENTANG TIM SANITASI KOTA BANDA ACEH
Tahun 2008
WALIKOTA BANDA ACEH, Menimbang: bahwa dalam rangka mendukung visi pemerintah kota Banda Aceh sebagai Bandar Wisata Islami Indonesia dan mencapai target Millenium Development Goal 2015 dipandang perlu adanya usaha-usaha peningkatan kondisi lingkungan melalui pengelolaan air dan sanitasi secara tepat; bahwa sesuai dengan perkembangan bidang lingkungan hidup, pemerintah pusat telah mencanangkan program-program peningkatan kondisi air dan sanitasi di tingkat nasional dibawah kordinasi Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional (Bappenas); bahwa sehubungan dengan adanya standar nasional indonesia di bidang air dan sanitasi yang diterbitkan oleh Departemen Permukiman dan Prasarana Wilayah (Kimpraswil), maka dipandang perlu dilakukan diseminasi informasi kepada masyarakat luas; bahwa sesuai dengan program-program pemerintah pusat di bidang air dan sanitasi, Pemerintah Provinsi telah membentuk tim kordinasi penyelenggaraan program nasional penyediaan air minum dan penyehatan lingkungan provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam; bahwa agar supaya usaha-usaha pengelolaan air dan sanitasi dapat berkelanjutan, maka perlu disusun sebuah strategi sanitasi kota Banda Aceh yang menyesuaikan kondisi dan tantangan terkini; bahwa untuk perencanaan dan pelaksanaan yang terarah agar mencapai sasaran yang tepat guna dan berhasil guna maka perlu dibentuk tim sanitasi di tingkat kota Banda Aceh. Mengingat : Undang-Undang Darurat Nomor 8 Tahun 1956 tentang Pembentukan Daerah Otonom Kota-kota Besar Dalam Lingkungan Daerah Propinsi Sumatera Utara; Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 1997 tentang Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1997 Nomor 68, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 3699); Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2004 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2004 Nomor 125, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor4437); Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2006 tentang Pemerintahan Aceh; Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 5 Tahun 1983 tentang Perubahan batas Wilayah Kota Banda Aceh; Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 25 tahun 2000 tentang Kewenangan Pemerintah dan Kewenangan Provinsi sebagai Daerah Otonom; Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 82 tahun 2001 tentang Pengelolaan Kualitas Air dan Pengendalian Pencemaran Air; Peraturan Pemerintah No.20/1990 tentang Pengendalian Pencemaran Air; Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan No.1098/Menkes/SK/VII/2003 tentang Persyaratan Hygiene dan Sanitasi Rumah Makan dan Restoran; Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No.112/2003 tentang Baku Mutu Air Limbah Domestik; Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No.122/2004 tentang Perubahan Atas Keputusan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup Nomor : Kep-51/Menlh/10/1995 tentang Baku Mutu Limbah Cair Bagi Kegiatan Industri Qanun Kota Banda Aceh Nomor 1 Tahun 2003 tentang Pola Dasar Pembangunan Kota Banda Aceh Tahun 2001 – 2005;
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Sanitation Workgroup - Banda Aceh MEMUTUSKAN : Menetapkan : PERTAMA : Membentuk Tim Sanitasi Kota Banda Aceh, dengan susunan tim inti dan pelaksana seperti tercantum dalam Daftar Lampiran Keputusan ini. KEDUA : Tim inti dan pelaksana dalam Tim Sanitasi bertugas: Mengkompilasi dan secara regular memperbarui data dasar kondisi air dan sanitasi terkini dikota Banda Aceh dari berbagai sumber tersedia. Menyusun rencana kerja tahunan Tim Sanitasi kota Banda Aceh. Menyusun Strategi Sanitasi Kota Banda Aceh beserta program-programnya berdasarkan data dasar yang tersedia dan menyesuaikan visi dan misi kota. Melaksanakan sosialisasi awal tentang standar sanitasi yang memenuhi syarat-syarat kesehatan lingkungan kepada masyarakat dalam Kota Banda Aceh. Melakukan pertemuan-pertemuan dengan satuan kerja terkait sanitasi di tingkat kota Banda Aceh dan berkordinasi dengan kelompok kerja air minum dan penyehatan lingkungan (pokja AMPL) di tingkat provinsi. Melakukan kordinasi dengan instansi terkait di kota/kabupaten yang berbatasan langsung dengan kota Banda Aceh. KETIGA : Tim Sanitasi dalam pelaksanaan tugasnya bertanggung jawab kepada Walikota Banda Aceh melalui Sekretaris Daerah Kota Banda Aceh selaku pengarah Tim Sanitasi dan menyampaikan laporan kemajuan kegiatan setiap bulan. KEEMPAT : Segala biaya akibat dikeluarkan keputusan ini dibebankan kepada APBD Kota Banda Aceh dan Provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, APBN, serta sumber-sumber lain yang sah dan tidak mengikat. KELIMA : Keputusan ini berlaku sejak tanggal ditetapkan dan berakhir dengan sendirinya setelah Pelaksanaan Tugas Selesai, dengan ketentuan bahwa apabila dikemudian hari terdapat kekeliruan dalam penetapan ini akan diadakan perbaikan kembali sebagaimana mestinya. Ditetapkan di Banda Aceh Pada tanggal WALIKOTA BANDA ACEH
MAWARDY NURDIN
Keputusan ini disampaikan kepada : Gubernur Provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam; Ketua DPRD Kota Banda Aceh; Para Kepala Dinas/Badan/Instansi Dalam Kota Banda Aceh; Para Kabag pada Sekreatriat Daerah Kota Banda Aceh; Para Camat Dalam Wilayah Kota Banda Aceh; Para NGO yang mendukung kegiatan tim sanitasi; Yang Bersangkutan untuk dimaklumi dan dilaksanakan.
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Sanitation Workgroup - Banda Aceh
SUSUNAN PERSONALIA TIM SANITASI KOTA BANDA ACEH TIM INTI NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
NAMA & JABATAN Ir. Mawardi Nurdin, M.Sc. Walikota Banda Aceh Illiza Sa’addudin Jamal, SE Wakil Walikota Drs. T. Saifuddin TA, M. Si Sekertaris Daerah Ir. Bahagia, Dipl. SE Kepala Dinas Ir. T. Iwan Kesuma Kepala Dinas Ir. Zahruddin, M.Si Kepala Dinas Drs. Tarmizi R. Kepala Dinas Dr. Media Yulidar Kepala Dinas Ir. T. Buchari Budiman Kepala Dinas T. Zulfan Kepala Dinas Ir. Junaidi Direktur Drs. Purnama Karya Kepala Dinas M. Baronsyah Kepala Dinas Kepala Dinas Drs. Ramli Rasyid, M.Pd, MM Kepala Dinas Ir. Zulkifli Syahbudin, MM. Kepala Dinas Kepala Dinas
KEDUDUKAN
SKPD/INSTANSI
Penanggungjawab Penasehat Pengarah Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Dinas Kebersihan dan Pertamanan Dinas Prasarana Jalan dan Sumber Daya Air Badan Pengendalian Dampak Lingkungan Dinas Kesehatan Dinas Tata Kota dan Pemukiman Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum Tirta Daroy Badan Pemberdayaan Masy. dan Kesejahteraan Sosial Dinas Pasar Dinas Pendidikan Dinas Pariwisata dan Budaya Dinas Pertanian, Peternakan, Perikanan, dan Kelautan Dinas Syariat Islam
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Sanitation Workgroup - Banda Aceh
B. SUSUNAN PERSONALIA TIM PELAKSANA SANITASI KOTA BANDA ACEH NO 1 2
NAMA & JABATAN T. Zul Akhyar Mala Rostina
KEDUDUKAN Ketua Wakil Ketua
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Adi Winata, ST
Sekretaris
4
Riswan, SE
Anggota
5
Muchlis
Anggota
6
Muhammad, S.Pi
Anggota
7 8 9 10 11 12
Ir. Subki Ahmad Jaharuddin, ST Drs. H. Radja Radan Adnan Aziz, BA Drs. Lukman Mirzayanto, ST
Anggota Anggota Anggota Anggota Anggota Anggota
13
Ridwan, S. Ag. M.Pd
Anggota
14
Dahlan
Anggota
15
Buchari A., SE
Anggota
16
Muchlis
Anggota
17
Bustami, SH
Anggota
SKPD/INSTANSI Dinas Kebersihan dan Pertamanan Dinas Kesehatan Badan Pengendalian Dampak Lingkungan Dinas Pasar Dinas Prasarana Jalan dan Sumber Daya Air Dinas Perikanan, Peternakan, Pertanian dan Kelautan Dinas Tata Kota dan Pemukiman Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Dinas Syariat Islam Dinas Pariwisata & Kebudayaan Dinas Pendidikan Dinas Kebersihan dan Pertamanan Badan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Kesejahteraan Sosial Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Badan Pengendalian Dampak Lingkungan Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum Tirta Daroy Dinas Infokom
KET
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