Technische Universität München Department of Mechanical Engineering
eering
Engin l a ic n a h c e M
t r o p e R Annual
4 1 0 2 2013
Imprint Technische Universität München Department of Mechanical Engineering Boltzmannstraße 15 85748 Garching near Munich Germany www.mw.tum.de Editor: Prof. Dr. Tim C. Lüth, Dean Sub-editor: Dr. Till v. Feilitzsch Layout: Fa-Ro Marketing, Munich Photo credits: Uli Benz, Thomas Bergmann, Astrid Eckert, Kurt Fuchs, Andreas Gebert, Haslbeck, Andreas Heddergott, Mittermüller Bildbetrieb, Wotan Wilden and further illustrations by the institutes
March 2015
Technische Universität München Department of Mechanical Engineering
Mechanical Engineering Annual Report 2013-2014
Content Preamble
6
TUM Department of Mechanical Engineering 7 Department Board of Management 8 Teaching 10 Research 11 Ranking Results 12 Facts and Figures 13 Projects and Clusters 14 Divisions of the Department of Mechanical Engineering 16 Faculty Graduate Center Mechanical Engineering 26 Center of Key Competences 27 Elected Representatives 28 Faculty Members 29
4
Content
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Nikolaus Adams Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics
36
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Horst Baier Institute of Lightweight Structures
45
Prof. Dr. Klaus Bengler Institute of Ergonomics
49
Prof. Dr. Sonja Berensmeier Bioseparation Engineering Group
55
Prof. Dr. Carlo L. Bottasso Wind Energy Institute
58
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Klaus Drechsler Institute for Carbon Composites
63
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Michael W. Gee Mechanics & High Performance Computing Group
68
Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Dipl.-Geophys. Christian Große Institute of Non-destructive Testing
72
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Willibald A. Günthner Institute for Materials Handling, Material Flow, Logistics
75
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Oskar J. Haidn Institute of Flight Propulsion
84
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Oskar J. Haidn Space Propulsion Group
90
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Manfred Hajek Institute for Helicopter Technology
94
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Florian Holzapfel Institute of Flight System Dynamics
97
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mirko Hornung Institute of Aircraft Design
105
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hans-Jakob Kaltenbach Flow control and Aeroacoustics Group
110
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Harald Klein Institute of Plant and Process Technology
112
Prof. Phaedon-Stelios Koutsourelakis, Ph.D. Continuum Mechanics Group
116
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Andreas Kremling Systems Biotechnology Group
119
Prof. Dr. Oliver Lieleg Biomechanics Group
122
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Markus Lienkamp Institute of Automotive Technology
125
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Udo Lindemann Institute of Product Development
131
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Boris Lohmann Institute of Automatic Control
137
Prof. Dr. Tim C. Lüth Institute of Micro Technology and Medical Device Technology
142
Prof. Rafael Macian-Juan, Ph.D. Institute of Nuclear Engineering
149
Prof. Dr. Rudolf Neu Plasma Material Interaction Group
154
Prof. Wolfgang Polifke, Ph.D. Thermo-Fluid Dynamics Group
158
Prof. Dr. Julien Provost Assistant Professorship of Safe Embedded Systems
162
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Gunther Reinhart Institute for Industrial Management and Assembly Technologies
164
Prof. Dr. Ir. Daniel Rixen Institute of Applied Mechanics
169
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Sattelmayer Institute of Thermodynamics
174
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Veit Senner Sport Equipment and Materials Group
180
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hartmut Spliethoff Institute for Energy Systems
183
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Karsten Stahl Institute of Machine Elements
188
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Birgit Vogel-Heuser Institute of Automation and Information Systems
198
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wolfram Volk Institute of Metal Forming and Casting
206
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Georg Wachtmeister Institute of Internal Combustion Engines
211
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wolfgang A. Wall Institute of Computational Mechanics
217
Prof. Dr. Ulrich Walter Institute of Astronautics
223
Prof. Dr. Ewald Werner Institute of Materials Science and Mechanics of Materials
229
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dirk Weuster-Botz Institute of Biochemical Engineering
234
Prof. Dr. Dr.-Ing. Erich Wintermantel Institute of Medical and Polymer Engineering
239
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Michael F. Zaeh Institute for Machine Tools and Manufacturing Technology
243
Appendix 249
Content
5
Preamble
Dear Reader, The Department of Mechanical Engineer ing has changed significantly during recent years: n Its project volume has almost tripled within less than a decade, with a significant simultaneous shift towards public research funding e.g. through the DFG and federal ministries. n The department sets standards in terms of scientific credibility: we have committed ourselves to accept contributions in peer-reviewed journals – a key indicator for scientific success; a course on good scientific practice; and academic integrity is mandatory for all doctoral candidates. The result is far more than 4000 citations in top scientific journals and top positions in international research rankings. n Students, staff and faculty members of the department became much more diverse: 17% international students (+42% since 2011); 14% female scientific staff (+27% since 2011); 12% international professors (+100% since 2011). This success allowed us to attract excellent new colleagues: n Prof. Bottasso (from Politecnico di Milano, 2013): newly founded Institute of Wind Energy n Prof. Koutsourelakis (from Cornell University, 2012): new Continuum Mechanics Group n Prof. Provost (from Chalmers University of Technology, 2013): Assistant Professorship for Safe Embedded Systems n Prof. Neu (from Max Planck Insitute of Plasma Physics, 2013): Plasma Material Interaction Group However, one aspect has remained constant throughout the years: the TUM Department of Mechanical Engineering covers a very large variety of topics, both in teaching and research. They range from the design of efficient gears to studies on the usability of driver assistance systems, from the description of microfluidic
6
Preamble
systems to the optimization of production systems. Despite very diverse approach es, the common goal is to find technical solutions for the challenges of our society: n Climate Change and Shortage of Resources We work on new mobility concepts, production processes, which are highly energy and material efficient, development and usage scenarios for novel, ultra light and strong materials as well as both the development of highly efficient combustion plants and renewable energies. n Demographic Change We study usage habits and develop robots and assistance systems e.g. for car and production environments as well as medical devices and support systems for the elderly. n Urbanization Approx. a quarter of the scientific staff works on projects related to safe and efficient ground mobility, now to a large extent focused on the development of small vehicles with very low fuel consumption or new types of propulsion units, and possible new types of ownership (car sharing etc.). With this brochure, we present an overview of the research at the department’s institutes. We hope that it helps our partners in academia and industry to find experts for their issues, prospective students and junior researchers to identify the supervisor that suits best her/his interests and – last but not least – ourselves, the collegues and partners of this department, to learn even better about our research and teaching activities.
Prof. Dr. Tim C. Lüth, Dean
TUM Department of Mechanical Engineering
The Department of Mechanical Engineer ing of the Technische Universität München has stood for engineering excellence since 1868. It was founded amongst others by the pioneer of refrigeration Carl von Linde and the well-known mathematician and materials scientist Johann Bauschinger. It has been the workplace of famous university teachers such as Gustav Niemann, author of the most important authoritative work on mechanical engineering scientist, the mechanical engineering August Föppl and the thermodynamics researcher Wilhelm Nußelt. The lectures given by Carl von Linde inspired Rudolf Diesel to make his groundbreaking inventions. Other important students of the faculty were the aircraft designers Claude Dornier and Willy Messerschmidt. Today, the Department of Mechanical Engineering is one of the most successful engineering faculties of the world. Leading international surveys rank the TUM Department of Mechanical Engineering in the world’s top group. This success is primarily a result of published scientific excellence, based on a balanced mix of publicly funded projects and industrial cooperation.
The department benefits from a highly innovative environment in a prestigious university and the Garching campus, one of the largest and most modern research centers in Europe, as well as from powerful partners in industry with their headquarters or research centers in and around Munich. Young talented people form the core of the Technische Universität München. Integrated into an environment of experienced scientific personalities, they are supported to develop their performance and individual strengths. The educational objectives are expertise, judgment and responsibility. Mental and emotional creativity, cultural sensibility and social skills are as important as technical sovereignty and entrepreneurial courage. The most talented of them are promoted specifically. Today, about 5000 students are enrolled at the Department of Mechanical Engineering; almost one-fifth are international students from 32 countries.
TUM Department of Mechanical Engineering
7
Department Board of Management
The Department of Mechanical Engineering is headed by the Dean, two Vice Deans and the Dean of Studies, elected by the faculty of the department every three years. In order to facilitate communication and to put decisions onto a broader base, the current Dean, Prof. Tim Lueth, established in 2014 a Department Board of Management, comprising the deans and representatives of groups of professors, each assigned with a specific portfolio of responsibilities. The Department Board of Management acts as an advisor to the Dean; the responsibility of the Departmental Board (‘Fakultätsrat’) regarding formal academic matters remains untouched. The deans are supported by the adminis tration of the Department, organized into four units:
8
Department Board of Management
n The classic administrative duties of running the department are the responsibility of the Deanery unit. It is responsible for the Departmental Board as well as managing established positions and personnel matters. n The Dean’s Office supports the Dean in the development of the department, including appointments, as well as its resource management. n The Academic Programmes Office supports the Dean of Studies in developing the curriculum and teaching, and is responsible for any questions regarding student matters. The unit also provides consultation to students and services for the students’ organization. n The Examination Office is responsible for all questions relating to examination matters, starting with the suitability assessment process for prospective students and internships through to examination administration.
Dean
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Michael W. Gee Science and Publications
Prof. Dr. Tim C. Lüth Finances, Appointments, Internationalisation
Vice Dean
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mirko Hornung Buildings and Safety
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wolfram Volk Evaluation and Department Publicity
Vice Dean
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Boris Lohmann Special Projects
Prof. Dr. Klaus Bengler Special Projects TUM Graduate School
Dean of Studies
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hartmut Spliethoff Special Projects
Prof. Dr. mont. habil. Dr. rer. nat. h. c. Ewald Werner Teaching Structure and Quality Prof. Dr.-Ing. Nikolaus A. Adams Third Party Funds and Contracts Dean of Studies MSE
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Michael Zaeh Personnel Matters
Department Administration Dr. Till von Feilitzsch Dean’s Office
Dr. Thomas Wagner Academic Programmes Office
Dieter Grimm Deanery
Dr. Edda Wenzig Examination Office
Department Board of Management
9
Teaching
The TUM Department of Mechanical Engineering is one of Germany’s largest training facilities for engineers. Interdisciplinary programs with partners like the University of Salzburg and membership in the ‘TIME’ double degree program (with the École Centrale Paris, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales de Madrid, KTH Royal Institute of Technology and many others) confirm our international reputation. The linkage of teaching and research is the basis for our academic training. All professors at the faculty are proven experts in their fields, and they head trend-setting research projects in the national and international arena. This way, the latest research results are reflected in teaching, and our students are given many different opportunities to participate in projects, especially through semester and thesis projects. Together with the joint Bachelor’s program in ‘Engineering Sciences’ and a Master’s program in ‘Materials Sciences’ with Paris-Lodron University Salzburg, it currently hosts 5000 students. The Bachelor’s programs have a common curriculum and schedule up to the 4th semester. In the 5th and 6th semesters, students specialize in one of the ten subject areas with specialized classes and a Bachelor’s thesis. Each of the 10 Master’s programs is based on
10
Teaching
an individually defined course catalogue designed to establish a deeper academic understanding of the subject concerned. The Department of Mechanical Engineer ing is extensively networked with all other TUM faculties. In particular, the faculty’s dedication is reflected in its teacher training (led by the TUM School of Education), in the Bachelor’s and Master’s programs in ‘Chemical Engineering’ (led by the Faculty for Chemistry), in the Master’s program in ‘Power Engineering’ (led by the Department of Electrical and Information Technology), in the Master’s program in ‘Robotics, Cognition, Intelligence’ (led by the Faculty for Computer Science) and in the Bachelor’s program in ‘General Engineering Sciences’, as well as the Master’s program in ‘Industrial Biotechnology’ (in collaboration with the Munich School of Engineering). On the international level, the Department of Mechanical Engineering participates in the joint Master’s program in Aerospace Engineering, a collaboration between the Technische Universität München (TUM) and Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore at the German Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) in Singapore.
Research
Engineers enable our society to maintain its high standard of living for present and upcoming generations. Future challenges arise from three global mega-trends: n Climate Change and Shortage of Resources At the TUM Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, we are already working on new mobility concepts and production processes, which are highly energy and material efficient, the development and usage scenarios for novel, ultra light and/or strong materials, as well as the development of highly efficient combustion plants and renewable energies. n Demographic Change At the TUM Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, we study usage habits and develop robots and assistance systems e.g. for car and production environments as well as medical devices and support systems for the elderly.
n Urbanization At the TUM Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, approx. one quarter of the scientific staff works on projects related to ground mobility, now to a large extent working on the development of small vehicles with very low fuel consumption or new types of propulsion units, and possible new types of ownership (car sharing etc.). The research strength of the TUM Faculty of Mechanical Engineering derives from a high degree of both vertical and horizontal integration of research competencies. Typically, the institutes address the whole value chain from scientific foundations up to application scenarios. The large size of the institutes allows them to build up interdisciplinary teams.
Research 11
Ranking Results
The Department of Mechanical Engineer ing is now one of the most successful faculties of its kind worldwide and has occupied top places in the main research rankings for the past several years. The basis of this success is the publication of key scientific achievements, comprising a balanced mix of both state and industry promoted projects.
QS World University Ranking by Subject The QS World University Ranking by Subject evaluates universities according to their academic reputation, employer reputation, number of citations per publication and h-index. In the past years our department has been placed among the top departments in Europe. Placement Worldwide for Mechanical Engineering: TUM Mech. Eng.: 30 (2014) Previous Years: 23 (2013), 33 (2012), 36 (2011).
U-Multirank The new international university ranking system U-Multirank compares universities and subjects using over 30 different criteria but does not compile a comprehensive ranking list. When considering the relevant teaching and research metrics of universities worldwide, the TUM Department of Mechanical Engineering occupies top places among those conferring doctorates.
12
Ranking Results
THE World University Ranking The Times Higher Education Ranking evaluates universities in their specialist areas according to their teaching and research performance, based primarily on citations, teaching indicators and research volume. According to this ranking the TUM occupies the top place among German universities specialising in engineering science. Placement Engineering Sciences Wordwide: TUM Engineering Sciences: 28 (2014/15) Previous Years: 26 (2013-14), >50 (2012-13), 43 (2011-12), >50 (2010-11).
Taiwan Ranking The National Taiwan University Ranking is based exclusively on the number of publications, citations and h-indexes – primarily from the past decade. It therefore reacts very slowly to the process of change. Evaluation is subject specific, meaning that parts of the Department of Mechanical Engineering are not assessed (e.g. process technology and materials science). The TUM Department of Mechanical Engineering is especially strong regarding highly cited publications (rank 45). Placement Mechanical Engineering worldwide: TUM Mechanical Engineering: 68 (2014) Previous years: 64 (2013), 78 (2012), 118 (2011).
Facts and Figures Staff Full professors Associate professors Staff (total) Researchers
32 11 1200 900 (including doctoral candidates, provided they are employed)
Students Total Bachelor Master
5000 2600 750 500 2400 700 650
students total (6 semester programme) freshmen per year graduations per year students total (4 semester programme) freshmen per year graduations per year
Doctoral Programme Candidates Defenses
900 165 2014
Funding State budget 4 M € incl. 2 M € tuition funds State positions 20 M € equiv. Acquired research funding 48 M € (2014; 52 M € in 2013) 22 M € Public sources 26 M € Private sources (thereof about 50% each direct cooperation and consortia) 700 externally funded research projects
Research Output Publications Citations Patents Start-ups
185 2014 (based on Scopus and ISI WoS) 4428 2014 (based on Scopus and ISI WoS) 21 31 last 10 years
Space Total Office space Lab and workshop
60,000 sq.m. 20,000 sq.m. 30,000 sq.m.
Facts and Figures 13
Projects and Clusters Collaborative Research Projects Institutes and specialist groups at the Department of Mechanical Engineering are participants in the following collaborative research projects:
Special Research Areas SFB 768: Managing Cycles in Innovation Processes - Integrated Development of Product-Service Systems based on Technical Products Spokesperson: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Birgit Vogel-Heuser Technische Universität München Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Automation and Information Systems Active since 2008
SFB TR40: Technological Foundations for the Design of Thermally and Mechanically Highly Loaded Components for Future Space Transport Systems Spokesperson: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Nikolaus Adams Technische Universität München Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics
SFB 863: Forces in Biomolecular Systems Spokesperson: Prof. Dr. Matthias Rief Technische Universität München Department of Physics Institute of Biophysics Active since 2010
SFB 1032: Nanoagents for Spatiotemporal Control of Molecular and Cellular Reactions Spokesperson: Professor Dr. Joachim Rädler Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Department of Physics Institute of Experimental Physics, Solid State Physics Active since 2012
DFG Focus Programmes SPP 1276: MetStröm: ScaleIndependent Modelling in Flow Mechanics and Meterology Coordinator: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rupert Klein Free University of Berlin Mathematics and Informatics
Active since 2008
SFB TR10: Integration of Forming, Separation and Joining for the Flexible Manufacture of Lightweight LoadBearing Structures Spokesperson: Prof. Dr.-Ing. A. Erman Tekkaya Technical University of Dortmund Department of Forming Technology and Lightweight Construction Active since 2003 14
Projects and Clusters
SPP1551: Resource-Efficient Structural Elements Coordinator: Prof. Dr.-Ing. B.-R. Höhn Technische Universität München Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Machine Elements Active since 2011
EU Projects (coordinated) SPP 1593: Design for Future – Managed Software Evolution Coordinator: Prof. Dr. Ursula Goltz Technical University of Braunschweig Institute for Programming and Reactive Systems
SPP 1748: Reliable Simulation Techniques in Solid Mechanics. Development of Non-standard Discretisation Methods, Mechanical and Mathematical Analysis Coordinator: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jörg Schröder University of Duisburg-Essen Institute of Mechanics
Aero-Sim: Development of a Selective Laser Melting Simulation Tool for Aero Engine applications Coordinator: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Michael F. Zaeh Technische Universität München Institute of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Technology www.iwb.tum.de/aerosim
ATHENAI: Aerodynamic Testing of Helicopter Novel Air Intakes Coordinator: Apl. Prof. Dr. Christian Breitsamter Technische Universität München Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics www.athenai.tum.de
DFG Research Training Group GRK 1095: Aero-thermodynamic Design of a Scramjet – Propulsion Systems for Future Space Transport Systems Spokesperson: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Bernhard Weigand University of Stuttgart Institute of Thermodynamics for Aerospace
HealCON: Self-healing Materials for Prolonged Lifetime Coordinator: Prof. Dr. Christian Große Technische Universität München Institute of Non-Destructive Testing www.healcon.eu
MORPHELLE: Morphing Enabling Technologies for Propulsion System Nacelles Coordinator: Prof. Horst Baier Technische Universität München Institute of Lightweight Structure Cordis.europa.eu/projects/rcn/ 110779_en.html
Projects and Clusters 15
Divisions of the Department of Mechanical Engineering Automotive Contact Spokesperson: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Markus Lienkamp, Institute of Automotive Technology Phone +49.89.289.15345
[email protected] www.ftm.mw.tum.de
Members: Prof. Dr. Klaus Bengler, Institute of Ergonomics www.lfe.mw.tum.de
n The automotive field is one of the most important ones at the Department of Mechanical Engineering. Almost every institute is involved via the most diverse range of projects! In addition to vehicle and usage concepts, particular emphasis is also placed on the powertrain, driver assistance systems as well as the use of new materials and the production process. One focus area is how to ensure the viability of individual transport through efficient vehicles in the face of increasing resource shortages.
The Munich metropolitan area probably has the highest density of prestigious car manufacturers in the world, a very important factor for this field. Key scientific challenges lie in understanding combustion processes and the properties of materials.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Boris Lohmann, Institute of Automatic Control www.rt.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Karsten Stahl, Institute of Machine Elements www.fzg.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Georg Wachtmeister, Institute of Internal Combustion Engines www.lvk.mw.tum.de
Project Visio.M The TUM developed a small electric vehicle in the previous project MUTE which could both be manufactured and pass government controls. Upon successful conclusion of the project the TUM decided to proceed further in the same vein, not only to investigate how the production of electric vehicles can be safe and efficient but also cost effective.
The vehicle developed will also be used in further research projects e.g. for teleoper ated driving. www.visiom-automobile.de Funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research
Project UR:BAN Thirty partners from the motor industry, the industry’s suppliers, universities and research facilities, as well as local municipalities, are developing driver’s assistant and traffic management systems in a cooperative project UR:BAN for particularly demanding city traffic. Safety, energy efficiency and stress-free driving are at the forefront. The TUM coordinates the field 16
Divisions of the Department of Mechanical Engineering
‘People in Traffic’ in which user interaction with driver’s assistant systems is being investigated. www.urban-online.org Funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research
Energy n A sustainable energy supply is one of the essential requirements for the future of our society. The goals of reducing CO2 emissions, achieving cost effectiveness and societal acceptance provide the challenges for research and development of future energy supply . The Department of Mechnical Engineering has been a hotbed of research into energy technology and thermodynamics ever since the days of Carl von Linde and Wilhelm Nußelt. The department has a particularly excellent reputation in the areas of combustion technology and the development of advanced power stations. Our research and teaching portfolio in renewable energy has been expanded considerably in recent years, e.g. through the new Institute of Wind Energy and the
Spokesperson: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hartmut Spliethoff, Institute of Energy Systems Phone +49.89.289.16272
[email protected] www.es.mw.tum.de
Members: Prof. Dr. Carlo Bottasso, Institute of Wind Energy www.wind.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Oskar Haidn (komm.), Institute of Flight Propulsion
strengthening of many years of research into biomass, geothermal and solar energy.
www.lfa.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Harald Klein, Institute of Plant and Process Technology www.apt.mw.tum.de
Center for Power Generation The Center for Power Generation is a research alliance within the Technical University of Munich with the goal of combining skills and knowledge in the fields of chemistry, electrical and mechanical engineering and physics. Its primary focus
Contact
is the conversion, transport and storage of energy but it also investigates areas such as load spreading and infrastructure. www.powergen.mse.tum.de
Prof. Dr. Rafael MacianJuan, PhD, Institute of Nuclear Technology www.ntech.mw.tum.de
Prof. Wolfgang Polifke, PhD, Thermo-Fluid Dynamics Group www.tfd.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Sattelmayer, Institute of Thermodynamics
Energy Valley Bavaria – Flexible Power Stations
www.td.mw.tum.de
The ‘Energy Valley Bavaria’ project consists of an interdisciplinary team investigating the effects of the energy revolution on generation systems and electricity grids. Investigative research is carried out at the Institute of Thermodynamics on increasing the flexibility of gas turbines and analysis is carried out
at the Institute of Energy Systems on the dynamic behaviour of steam generators. The results form the basis of dynamic process simulations which illustrate all the processes at work in power stations.
Prof. Dr. Rudolf Neu, Plasma Material Interaction Group www.pmw.mw.tum.de
www.evb.mse.tum.de
Holistic Design of Wind Turbines The design of wind energy systems is a complex engineering activity that typically aims at delivering the lowest possible cost of energy. To address this difficult multidisciplinary problem, the Wind Energy Institute works on the development of
automated holistic design procedures. The resulting software tools enable the design of the next generation wind turbines, the exploration of the design space in search of better solutions, as well as the evaluation of the impact of new technologies.
Divisions of the Department of Mechanical Engineering 17
Process Engineering Contact Spokesperson: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dirk Weuster-Botz, Institute of Biochemical Engineering Phone +49.89.289.15712
[email protected] www.biovt.mw.tum.de
Members: Prof. Dr. Sonja Berensmeier, Bioseparation Group www.biovt.mw.tum.de
n Process Engineering is a key technology for all production industries. Process engineering at the Department of Mechanical Engineering is focused on thermal process engineering and plant engineering, bioprocess and biochemical engineering, systems biotechnology and bioseparation engineering. The mission is to solve process engineering challenges of the future in an interdisciplinary environment and with respect to industry sectors
like chemistry, biotechnology, pharma and environmental engineering. Process engineering at the Department of Mechanical Engineering forms the engineering science core of the interdisciplinary TUM-Research Center for Industrial Biotechnology with a pilot plant on an m3-scale operated in Garching.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Harald Klein, Institute of Plant and Process Technology www.apt.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Andreas Kremling, Systems Biotechnology Group www.biovt.mw.tum.de
Biotechnology 2020+: Basic Technologies for the Next Generation of Bioprocesses New tools for dynamic process optimization based on mathematical models of cellular metabolism and signal transduction pathways are the objectives of the Systems Biotechnology group. The junior research group Biocatalysis works on the design, characterization and biocatalytic application of artificial multi-enzyme
membrane reactors on a nano-scale at the Institute of Biochemical Engineering. The Bioseparation Engineering group is focused on the rational design of peptide-surface interactions for selective separation of proteins. Funded by BMBF
!nnovA2 – Innovative Apparatus and Plant Concepts for Increasing the Efficiency of Production Processes The !nnovA2 project involves research into condensation on microstructured surfaces in order to increase the efficiency of heat exchangers. The goal of this project is to expand the effect of condensation on 18
Divisions of the Department of Mechanical Engineering
mixtures of gases; the mixing effect in particular warranting thorough investigation. Funded by BMBF
Aerospace n Overall aerospace vehicle design down to aerodynamics and fundamental fluid dynamics research, material & structural design, propulsion and flight system dynamics cover the full spectrum of aerospace engineering. Research activities and the excellent education of the faculty are of great importance, especially for the high-performance and competitive aerospace location in Bavaria. Also embedded in Munich Aerospace – a research platform founded together with the Universität der Bundeswehr (University of the German Armed Forces), DLR as well as Bauhaus Luftfahrt –TUM Aerospace is an important contributor in basic and applied research into future topics such as safer operation and more efficient and
Spokesperson: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mirko Hornung, Institute of Aircraft Design Phone +49.89.289.15981
[email protected] www.lls.mw.tum.de
Members:
environmentally friendly technologies for aerospace. This is also reflected in many joint research projects together with the aerospace industry including European system suppliers as well as innovative SMEs.
SFB TR40 Technological Foundations for the Design of Thermally and Mechanically Highly Loaded Components for Future Space Transport Systems Spacecraft of the next generation will have rocket propulsion achieving the best compromise between development costs, production costs and performance. The objective of the research is to model very thermally and mechanically resilient components. A particular challenge lies in creating strong interlinkage reflected in the
Contact
fact that optimal solutions for one component do not at present necessarily lead to optimal solutions for the entire system. www.sfbtr40.de
Prof. Dr. Nikolaus Adams, Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics www.aer.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Horst Baier, Institute of Lightweight Structures www.llb.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr. Carlo Bottasso, Institute of Wind Energy www.wind.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Klaus Drechsler, Institute of Carbon Composites www.lcc.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Oskar Haidn (komm.) Institute of Flight Propulsion www.lfa.mw.tum.de
Funded by the German Research Foundation
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Oskar Haidn, Space Propulsion Group www.lfa.mw.tum.de
GRK 1095 Aero-Thermodynamic Design of a Scramjet Propulsion System for Future Space Travel Systems
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Manfred Hajek, Institute of Helicopter Technology www.ht.mw.tum.de
Air breathing, integrated jet engines which use combustion at supersonic speeds over Mach 5 (scramjets) represent a genuine alternative to classic rocket technology. The goal of this research group is to work out both the experimental and
numerical fundamentals required to create a scramjet demonstrator. www.uni-stuttgart.de/itlr/graduierten Funded by the German Research Foundation
www.fsd.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hans-Jakob Kaltenbach, Flow Control and Aeroacoustics Group www.aer.mw.tum.de
Award: Gordon Bell Prize A team at our Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics together with the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and the ETH Zürich was awarded the Gordon Bell Prize at the end of 2013 for the world’s largest and most efficient flow
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Florian Holzapfel, Institute of Flight System Dynamics
simulation of a cavitation bubble cloud. Some 1.6 million processing units were used to simulate 15,000 individual bubbles on 13 x 1012 finite volumes.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ulrich Walter, Institute of Astronautics www.lfa.mw.tum.de
http://awards.acm.org/bell/year.cfm Divisions of the Department of Mechanical Engineering 19
Materials Contact Spokesperson: Prof. Dr. Dr.-Ing Erich Wintermantel, Institute of Medical and Polymer Engineering Phone +49.89.289.16700
[email protected] www.medtech.mw.tum.de
Members: Prof. Dr. Horst Baier, Institute of Lightweight Structures www.llb.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr. Klaus Drechsler, Institute of Carbon Composites www.lcc.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr. Michael W. Gee, Mechanics and High Performance Computing Group www.mhpc.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr. Rudolf Neu, Plasma Material Interaction Group
n Materials enable and determine the manufacture of constituent parts possible, transmit forces, determine the efficiency levels of machines and the compatibility of medical implants. All three major materials categories, polymers/plastics, metals and ceramics, as well as those derived from them, e.g. carbon composites and other composite materials, play a significant role in research and teaching at the department. Key research areas include ultra-precise antennae which can be used in space for satellite navigation, manufacturing medical components in sterile environments for use in the human body or the automated manufacture of load-bearing vehicle or aircraft parts. The Institute
for Materials Research and Testing in Mechanical Engineering (part of the Bavarian government) is another highlight which illustrates how our wide ranging material analyses enable deep insights into all solid materials.
AntiMik: Antimicrobial Proofing of Implant and Medical Materials Competencies in compounding, activating the photo-analytical effects of titanium oxides in plastics matrices, as well as the influence of plastics through aggressive media e.g. blood or disinfectants are all examined in the AntiMik project. The Süddeutsche Kunststoffzentrum (Southern German Plastics Centre) in Würzburg,
small and medium sized companies in plastics and several medical product manufacturers are working together in this consortium. Cooperation Partners: Süddeutsches Kunststoff Zentrum – Research and Development in Synthetic Materials
www.pmw.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Wall, Institute of Computational Mechanics www.lnm.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr. Ewald Werner, Institute of Materials Science and Mechanics of Materials www.wkm.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Veit Senner, Sport Equipment and Materials Group www.spgm.tum.de
20
IGSSE Focus Area ‘Biomaterials’ Living systems are fundamentally different from state-of-the-art technology. They can build themselves from raw materials through self organisation, have the ability to repair themselves, can reproduce and then decay back into their raw materials. Even if the fundamentals of life are not yet understood, fundamental modes of action can be understood with sufficient precision to the point where they can be applied in biotechnology and materials science. Examples of applications include
Divisions of the Department of Mechanical Engineering
energy conversion and storage but also synthesis scenarios similar to those where enzymes are present. These process are being thoroughly investigated as part of the IGSSE Focus Area by researchers with overlapping expertise in engineering and natural sciences, with strong involvement from the Department of Mechanical Engineering. Funded by the Federation and German Länder as part of the Excellence Initiative
Christian Doppler Laboratory The Christian Doppler Laboratory investigates the material mechanics of high performance alloys and is part of the Institute of Materials Science and Mechanics of Materials at the TUM. Its mission is to characterise the material and component properties as they relate to the parameters of the manufacturing process. The primary research areas include the investigation of mechanical properties, microstructure development and the
development of residual stress. Research focused on practical applications as well as theoretical research for individual plans is limited to materials, components and manufacturing processes already being used in industry or whose implementation is planned in the near future. www.wkm.mw.tum.de/cd-labor/ Funded by the Christian Doppler Research Association
FORCiM3A CRP is regarded as the ‘material of the future’ which has so far led to innovations spanning many sectors. However, one area in which CRP has not yet found a foothold is machine and factory construction. Whilst some successful combinations of steel and carbon have been achieved in industry, simply replacing metal with carbon is not possible. Surmounting this hurdle will therefore remain at the forefront of research and development work undertaken by FORCiM3A. The hybrid joining techniques i.e. the combination of metal and CRP is a requirement for thorough integration into the world of steel construction and with that the secure joining in all relevant geometrical configurations and mechanical load scenarios. The advantage
of CRP components, other than their light weight and increased strength, is that they may last longer and be even more precise. This is due to their higher material fatigue resistance when compared to metals. The tasks of FORCiM3A include designing the relevant CRP compatible components (drive shaft, clutch, underlying structure, spring elements), designing the composite CRP-metal material used for the components and checking its stability against outside influences during operation e.g. temperature, aggressive media or frequent changes in load. Funded by the Bavarian Research Foundation
Divisions of the Department of Mechanical Engineering 21
Mechatronics Contact Spokesperson: Prof. Dr. Tim Lüth, Institute of Micro Technology and Medical Device Technology Phone +49.89.289.15190
[email protected] www.mimed.mw.tum.de
n The focus in mechatronics is the design of mechatronic systems for a great number of application areas such as aerospace, automotive, robotics, production and medical devices. The design process relies heavily upon the development and validation of models. The research units at the Department of Mechanical Engineering are particularly
experienced in modelling the behaviour of people, robots and materials under chang ing conditions as well as reconfigurable and multibody systems.
Members: Prof. Dr. Michael Gee, Mechanics and High Performance Computing Group www.mhpc.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr. Phaedon-Stelios Koutsourelakis, Continuum Mechanics Group www.contmech.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Udo Lindemann, Institute of Product Development www.pe.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Boris Lohmann, Institute of Automatic Control www.rt.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr. Julien Provost, Assistant Professorship Safe Embedded Systems www.ses.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr. Daniel Rixen, Institute of Applied Mechanics www.amm.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Veit Senner, Sport Equipment and Materials Group www.spgm.tum.de
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Birgit Vogel-Heuser, Institute of Automation and Information Systems www.ais.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Wall, Institute of Computational Mechanics
SFB 768: Managing Cycles in Innovation Processes - Integrated Development of Product-Service Systems based on Technical Products The goal of Collaborative Research Center SFB 768 is the transdisciplinary development of models, methods and tools for creating innovative product-service systems. The principal objectives are to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of innovation processes for product-service
www.sfb768.de Funded by the German Research Foundation
Award: Entrepreneur of Excellence 2013 Dr. Ingo Ederer was presented with the TUM’s Entrepreneur of Excellence 2013 award. He completed his studies, includ ing his doctorate, at the Department of Mechanical Engineering before founding
www.lnm.mw.tum.de
22
systems. This is a major challenge especially of companies in the manufacturing sector.
Divisions of the Department of Mechanical Engineering
a company called voxeljet in 1999, a pioneer in 3D printing which was floated on the New York Stock Exchange in 2013 reaching a market capitalisation of over 300 million Euros.
Medical Technology n Medical technology is one of the highest revenue generating sectors in Germany and across the world. Despite this there are only three large university centres in Germany operating in this field: RWTH Aachen, FAU Erlangen and the Technische Universität München. In direct contrast to sectors such as
Contact Spokesperson:
automotive and aerospace, medical technology is characterised by companies with fewer than 50 employees with the one important exception being manufacturers of medical imaging equipment.
Prof. Dr. Tim Lüth, Institute of Micro Technology and Medical Device Technology Phone +49.89.289.15190
[email protected] www.mimed.mw.tum.de
Members: Prof. Dr. Oliver Lieleg, Biomechanics Group www.imetum.tum.de/ forschung/biologischehydrogele/allgemein
Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Wall, Institute of Computational Mechanics www.lnm.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr. Dr.-Ing. Erich Wintermantel, Institute of Medical and Polymer Engineering www.medtech.mw.tum.de
Micromanipulators for ENT Surgery Microsurgical interventions in the middle ear involve the use of hand operated fine instruments under very challenging conditions. The limited visibility of the operating area, tremor and the limited precision of the human hand make these procedures all the more difficult. In this project a micromanipulator developed in the first
phase with three degrees of freedom is being improved and developed even further. It makes the surgeon’s job less difficult and improves the surgical outcome. The manipulator and its operating concept are tested in a clinical evaluation. Funded by the German Research Foundation
Automated Live Imaging for Laparoscopic Procedures The goal of this project is to stream ‘live’ images from the interior of the operation area to the surgeon during laparoscopic (keyhole) procedures without increased manpower requirements. The foundations were accomplished in the first project phase which consisted of developing and
evaluating a robot. The current project phase involves the further development of these three areas: the robot, control and visualisation. Funded by the German Research Foundation
Divisions of the Department of Mechanical Engineering 23
Production and Logistics Contact Spokesperson: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wolfram Volk, Institute of Metal Forming and Casting Phone +49.89.289.13791
[email protected] www.utg.de
Members: Prof. Dr. Klaus Bengler, Institute of Ergonomics www.lfe.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Klaus Drechsler, Institute of Carbon Composites www.lcc.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Willibald Günthner, Institute of Materials Handling, Material Flow, Logistics www.fml.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Gunther Reinhart, Institute of Machine Tools and Industrial Management www.iwb.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Birgit Vogel-Heuser, Institute of Automation and Information Systems www.ais.mw.tum.de
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Michael Zäh, Institute of Machine Tools and Industrial Management www.iwb.mw.tum.de
24
n Along with the automotive industry, production technology is Ger many’s top export earner and has been one of the pillars of the Department of Mechanical Engineering since its original founding. Particular importance has been placed for a long time on looking at the entire production chain when carrying out any optimisations – everything from design right down to the end customer – and not merely considering each individual step in isolation. Theoretical research and practical applications are inextricably
linked; for instance with the question of how vibration in production machines can be simulated and then suppressed, how models for the design and production process can be implemented or how new materials can be worked with in a way which is both efficient and environmentally friendly.
SFB TR10 Integration of Forming, Separating and Joining for the Flexible Manufacture of Lightweight Load-Bearing Structures This project investigates the scientific fundamentals and methods for design ing integrated process chains and the associated technologies for automatic, product-flexible small series manufacturing for light load-bearing frames. The demand for flexibility in manufacture relates to the usability of various item quantities, usability with great variety and
the ability to manufacture at short notice. The demand for research lies not only in making individual processes more flexible but also in mastering the complexities of the process chain. www.leichtbau.de/tr10 Funded by the German Research Group.
MAI Carbon Seventy two companies and education/ research facilities make up the top cluster initiative M•A•I Carbon as well as supporting organisations from the region encompassing Munich, Augsburg and Ingolstadt. The founding partners of M•A•I Carbon are Audi, BMW, Premium AEROTEC, Eurocopter, Voith and the GSL Group, the IHK Schwaben, Carbon Composites e.V. and the Technical University of Munich. Its mission is to make carbon fit for the production phase and to establish the region Munich-Augsburg-Ingolstadt as
Divisions of the Department of Mechanical Engineering
a competence centre for lightweight construction from carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFP). Other goals include covering the entire CFP value chain and helping the organisations represented in the group reach world class rankings in this key technology. The Technical University of Munich’s main contribution is its expertise in fibre processing. www.mai-carbon.de Funded as a top cluster through the BMBF
Fit4Age The aging population and the changing demographics associated with it represent one of the greatest challenges of the 21st century. The goal of the research organisation is to find technical solution approaches which allow older people to lead a dignified life both at home, at work, in their interactions with their surroundings
and in driving. This in spite of the increasing average age of the population and the decrease in the number of younger people of working age. www.fit4age.org Funded by the Bavarian Research Foundation
Divisions of the Department of Mechanical Engineering 25
Faculty Graduate Center Mechanical Engineering
Dr. Till von Feilitzsch Managing Director
Rella Recsetar Deputy Managing Director, Courses
The Graduate Center Mechanical Engin eering was founded in 2009 as part of the TUM Graduate School. Since the beginning of 2014, participation is an integral part of all doctorates. It provides training courses specifically oriented toward the needs of engineers, promotes networking of the doctoral candidates within the faculty and beyond and helps the institutes to maintain highest scientific standards. This highly innovative programme has been awarded the Best Practice Award of acatech, the National Academy of Science and Engineering. In 2013 and 2014, the Graduate Center Mechanical Engineering focused on implementing the recommendation of the Wissenschaftsrat on quality control of doctoral studies: n Courses on good scientific practice are now mandatory. This regulation is unique at TUM. n All doctoral candidates have to be embedded into the scientific environment of TUM. This also applies to external candidates.
Atiye Adali Admission
26
Faculty Graduate Center Mechanical Engineering
TUM Graduate School as a TUM corporate institution is a unique format to support doctorate studies. Its basic program consists of a three-day kick-off seminar at the beginning of the doctorate, a subject specific qualification program and the requirement to publish at least one scientific paper or contribute to the scientific community e.g. at conferences. In addition to the mandatory basic program, the TUM Graduate School offers additional optional qualification programs that support doctoral students in their transferable skills, provide networks, expand their international and interdisciplinary horizon and provide career orientation.
Center of Key Competences
The Center of Key Competences offers students at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, the opportunity to expand their professional skills in areas that are nowadays becoming increasingly important in both the job assessment process and professional practice itself. Our motivation is to raise the awareness of developing engineers with the necessary skills beyond their usual scope. Providing them with skills and aptitudes needed to meet adequately the needs and demands of our highly service- and efficiency-oriented society. We are committed to shaping the highest level curriculum. In the winter term 2013-14, the Center of Key Competences introduced a new program offering the improvement of certain key competences to master students. This newly-created workshop has been awarded the Ernst-Otto-Fischer Teaching Award. The module ‘soft skills workshops’ is composed of different workshops reaching from personal to social and methodical skills. Students have the possibility to choose between diverse workshops, enabling them to set an individual focus for their own personal development. ‘Getting to yes – Negotiation at Harvard’, ‘Conversation skills - To communicate clearly and consistently’ or ‘Intelligent Teamwork - Increase the efficiency of a team’ were only a few workshops offered in the institution’s curriculum, in 2014.
The Bachelor students who attend our workshops on social competence topics, such as presenting, communication, teamwork, motivation and facilitation, have again successfully demonstrated their team skills in project work with their slogan ‘Simplify your student life’. In winter semester 2014-15, about 800 students started the tutor workshops receiving an intensive training in soft skills from the Center of Key Competences. Furthermore, many new tutors have been prepared to act as a trainer for future participants in the workshops. Experience-based learning and activityoriented teaching form the cornerstones of our educational guiding principles. For our training, we use a broad variety of teaching methods including project work, problem approaches, role plays or peer counseling. Finally, we are very glad to be able to offer our seminars in our new workshop rooms, where we have the opportunity to work closely together as a team.
Dr. Birgit Spielmann
Franziska Glasl
Susanne Hottner
Vanessa Scholz Center of Key Competences 27
Elected Representatives The following persons have been elected as representatives.
Doctorate Speakers Helena Haschemi Institute of Product Development
Viktoria Kindzierski Systems Biotechnology Group
Patrick Gontar Institute of Ergonomics
Stephan Hafenstein Institute of Materials Science and Mechanics of Materials
Student Council Stephan Lie
Franziska Ochsenfarth
Charlotte Haid
Kilian Andres Escayola
Women’s Representative Franziska Sophie Klein, M. Sc. Department Gender Equality Officer
28
Elected Representatives
Dipl.-Ing. Isabell Franck Deputy Gender Equality Officer
Faculty Members Prof. Dr.-Ing. Nikolaus Adams Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics www.aer.mw.tum.de n Numerical modeling and simulation of complex flows n Low-speed aerodynamics n Multiphase flows, microfluidics n Gasdynamics, cavitating flows n Aircraft, spacecraft and automotive aerodynamics Page 36
Prof. Dr. Carlo L. Bottasso Institute of Wind Energy Systems www.wind.mw.tum.de n Wind energy system design, modeling and control n Computational mechanics and simulation technology n Numerical and experimental aeroelasticity Page 58
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Horst Baier Institute of Lightweight Structures www.llb.mw.tum.de n Smart and adaptive structures n Large membrane and deployable space structures n Fibre composite and hybrid materials structures n Structural and multidisciplinary design optimization techniques Page 45
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Klaus Drechsler Institute of Carbon Composites www.lcc.mw.tum.de n Composite materials and process technology n Textile technology n Lightweigth design Page 63
Prof. Dr. phil. Klaus Bengler Institute of Ergonomics www.lfe.mw.tum.de n Micro ergonomics n Human-machine-interaction n Digital human modelling Page 49
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Michael W. Gee Mechanics and High Performance Computing Group www.mhpc.mw.tum.de n High performance parallel computing n Fluid-structure interaction n Cardiovascular biomechanics Page 68
Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Sonja Berensmeier Bioseparation Engeneering Group www.biovt.mw.tum.de n Selective separation of bio molecules n Downstream processing n Magnetic separation Page 55
Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Dipl.-Geophys. Christian Große Institute of Non-destructive Testing www.zfp.tum.de n Quality control during construction n Inspection of structures and components in civil and mechanical engineering n Structural health monitoring Joint Appointment with the Faculty of Civil Engineering Page 72
Faculty Members 29
30
Faculty Members
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Willibald A. Günthner Institute of Materials Handling, Material Flow, Logistics www.fml.mw.tum.de n RFID-based control and optimization of material flow processes n Digital tools for logistics planning n Role of humans in logistics Page 75
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Florian Holzapfel Institute of Flight System Dynamics www.fsd.mw.tum.de n Modeling, simulation and para meter estimation n Flight guidance and flight control n Sensors, data fusion and navigation n Trajectory optimization Page 97
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Oskar J. Haidn Institute of Flight Propulsion www.lfa.mw.tum.de n Flight propulsion n Turbomachinery n Gas turbines Page 84
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mirko Hornung Institute of Aircraft Design www.lls.mw.tum.de n Scenario analysis, future trends and technologies n Aircraft design (civil and military) n Analysis and evaluation of aircraft concepts Page 105
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Oskar J. Haidn Space Propulsion Group www.lfa.mw.tum.de n Thrust chamber technologies n High pressure combustion n In-space propulsion n Green propellants n Combustion dynamics Page 90
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hans-Jakob Kaltenbach Flow Control and Aeroacoustics Group www.aer.mw.tum.de n Active and passive flow control n Prediction and mitigation of flow noise n Aircraft, automotive and railway aerodynamics Page 110
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Manfred Hajek Institute of Helicopter Technology www.ht.mw.tum.de n Efficiency improvement n Reduced environmental impact n Extension of the flight envelope Page 94
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Harald Klein Institute of Plant and Process Technology www.apt.mw.tum.de n Thermodynamic properties n Absorption processes n Gas liquid contacting and heat transfer equipment Page 112
Prof. Phaedon-Stelios Koutsourelakis, Ph.D. Continuum Mechanics Group www.contmech.mw.tum.de n Uncertainty quantification in computational science and engineering n Bayesian formulations for inverse problems n Atomistic simulation of materials Page 116
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Udo Lindemann Institute of Product Development www.pe.mw.tum.de n Systems engineering and systems behavior n Innovation processes and creativity enhancing methods n Individualized products Page 131
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Andreas Kremling Systems Biotechnology Group www.biovt.mw.tum.de n Mathematical modelling of cellular systems n Model analysis and parameter identification n Model-based experimental design Page 119
Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Boris Lohmann Institute of Automatic Control www.rt.mw.tum.de n Methods and application of nonlinear control n Modelling and model reduction of dynamical systems n Feedback control in manufactoring processes Page 137
Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Oliver Lieleg Biomechanics Group www.imetum.tum.de/forschung/biologische-gydrogele n Mechanics of biomaterials n Biological hydrogels n Biomedical/biophysical engineer ing Page 122
Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Tim C. Lüth Institute of Micro Technology and Medical Device Technology www.mimed.mw.tum.de n Medical navigation, robotics, and control architectures n Rapid prototyping n Technology for an aging society Page 142
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Markus Lienkamp Institute for Automotive Technology www.ftm.mw.tum.de n Vehicle concepts n Electric mobility n Vehicle control and dynamics n Driver assistance systems Page 125
Prof. Rafael Macian-Juan, Ph.D. Institute of Nuclear Technology www.ntec.mw.tum.de n Nuclear reactor safety n Thermal-hydraulic and neutronic analysis of nuclear systems n Radiation transport Page 149
Faculty Members 31
32
Faculty Members
Prof. Dr. Rudolf Neu Plasma Material Interaction Group www.pmw.mw.tum.de n Erosion and hydrogen retention in plasma facing materials n Tungsten alloys and composite structures for heat removal n Heatflow tests for and development of plasma facing materials Page 154
Prof. Dr. Ir. Daniel Rixen Institute of Applied Mechanics www.amm.mw.tum.de n Numerical methods for technical dynamics n Experimental structure dynamics n Multiphysicals models Page 169
Prof. Wolfgang Polifke, Ph.D. Thermo-Fluid Dynamics Group www.tfd.mw.tum.de n Aero- and thermoacoustics n Mixing and reaction in turbulent flows n Two-phase flows Page 158
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Sattelmayer Institute of Thermodynamics www.td.mw.tum.de n Combustion and reactive flows, noise and instabilities n Transport phenomena in singleand two-phase flows n Energy systems and technologies Page 174
Prof. Dr. Julien Provost Assistant Professorship Safe Embedded Systems www.ses.mw.tum.de n Fault-tolerant systems n Formal verification & validation n Distributed control systems n Diagnosis of automated systems Page 162
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Veit Senner Sport Equipment and Materials Group www.spgm.tum.de n New materials (esp. carbon composites) in sports n Improved interaction between athletes and sports equipment n Equipment for reduced injury risk in sports Page 180
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Gunther Reinhart Institute of Industrial Management and Assembly Technologies www.iwb.mw.tum.de n Production management and logistics n Automation and robotics n Assembly technology Page 164
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hartmut Spliethoff Institute of Energy Systems www.es.mw.tum.de n Systems studies n Combustion and gasification of solid fuels n Steam cycles Page 183
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Karsten Stahl Institute of Machine Elements www.fzg.mw.tum.de n Gear development n Load capacity of spur and helical gears n NVH analysis and improvements Page 188
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wolfgang A. Wall Institute of Computational Mechanics www.lnm.mw.tum.de n Multifield problems n Multiscale problems n Computational biomechanics and biophysics Page 217
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Birgit Vogel-Heuser Institute of Automation and Information Systems www.ais.mw.tum.de n Model-based and integrated engineering n Distributed control systems n Quality management and human factors Page 198
Prof. Prof. h. c. Dr. rer. nat. Ulrich Walter Institute of Astronautics www.lrt.mw.tum.de n Spacecraft and satellite techno logies n Systems engineering n Human exploration technologies n Hypervelocity laboratory Page 223
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wolfram Volk Institute of Metal Forming and Casting www.utg.mw.tum.de n Manufacturing, tooling, and measurement technology n Development, heat treatment and processing of new materials n Virtual manufacturing processes Page 206
Prof. Dr. mont. habil. Dr. rer. nat. h. c. Ewald Werner Institute of Materials Science and Mechanics of Materials www.wkm.mw.tum.de n Materials science of metals and mechanics of materials n Phase transformations n Aloy and process development Page 229
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Georg Wachtmeister Institute of Internal Combustion Engines www.lvk.mw.tum.de n Gas and diesel engines n Injection processes n Exhaust gas aftertreatment Page 211
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dirk Weuster-Botz Institute of Biochemical Engineering www.biovt.mw.tum.de n Microbial bioprocess engineering and industrial biotechnology n Biocatalysis and fermentation n Bioprocess integration Page 234
Faculty Members 33
Prof. Dr. med. Dr.-Ing. habil. Erich Wintermantel Institute of Medical and Polymer Engineering www.medtech.mw.tum.de n Hemocompatible and -active surfaces and systems n Functionalized polymeric implants n Improved polymers, process tooling and analysis tools Page 239
34
Faculty Members
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Michael F. Zaeh Institute of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Technology www.iwb.mw.tum.de n Machine tools n Manufacturing processes n Joining and cutting technologies Page 243
Reports of the Institutes
Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics Numerical modeling, simulation and experimental analysis of fluids and fluid flows
n The focus of the Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics in 2013-14 was on advanced numerical models for flow interactions, flow physics of shock-interface interactions, helicopter aerodynamics and unsteady effects in automotive aerodynamics. A highlight was that a group from the Institute received the 2013 Gordon Bell Price for Peak Performance (shared with ETH Zurich – project leader, IBM, and Lawrence Livermore National Labora
tories) for a simulation of cavitation collapse with 13 trillion degrees of freedom on more than 1.5 million CPU cores achieving more than 65% of peak performance.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Nikolaus A. Adams Contact www.aer.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.16138
Cavitating Flows and Cavitation Erosion Motivation and Objectives We investigate liquid flows with partial evaporation due to flow-induced local pressure drops below vapor pressure, known as cavitation. Cavitating flows play an important role in injection systems of Diesel and Otto engines, in components of spacecraft engines as well as in ship propulsion systems. Managing the complexity of two-phase flows with phase transition is challenging, and experimental investigations often cannot go beyond model devices. In particular, violent collapses of vapor bubbles and the resulting shock waves need to be predicted and their erosive mechanisms have to be clarified. Way to Solution State of the art numerical procedures and physical models for the simulation of cavitating flows are developed. Fully compressible approaches for complex fluids, including liquid-vapor-gas mixtures and a time resolution of nanoseconds, are key factors for predictive simulations. Fundamental research is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the European Union. Applied research in cooperation with automotive suppliers,
36
Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics
Cavitation structures in an ICE fuel injector.
the European Space Agency and the Office of Naval Research enables dis semination of fundamental research into application. Key Results n C. P. Egerer, S. Hickel, S. J. Schmidt, N. A. Adams, Phys. Fluids 26, 085102, 2014 n D. Rossinelli, B. Hejazialhosseini, P. Hadjidoukas, C. Bekas, A. Curioni, A. Bertsch, S. Futral, S.J. Schmidt, N.A. Adams, P. Koumoutsakos, 2013 International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis, SC 2013; Denver
Large Eddy Simulation of Complex Turbulent Flows Motivation and Objectives Scientific discovery through modeling and predictive simulation requires numerical models and solution methods that accurately represent and resolve relevant flow physics and efficiently exploit modern massively parallel supercomputers. Way to Solution Adaptive flow simulation refers to highly automated flow simulations, which require only a minimum of user interventions, while delivering reliable results. This includes methods for automatic mesh adaptation as well as for the quantification of uncertainties that result from model approximations, initial data, or boundary conditions. Adaptive DNS/LES requires methods that couple numerical and physical models on multiple scales in a consistent way. For example, we have developed sophisticated wall turbulence models, which facilitate LES of engineer ing aerodynamic applications.
Direct simulation of Richtmyer Meshkov instability.
Key Results n Tritschler, V., Olson, B., Lele, S., Hickel, S., Hu, X.Y., Adams, N.A. (2014a) J. Fluid Mech. 755, 429-462. n Tritschler, V.K., Avdonin, A., Hickel, S., Hu, X.Y., Adams, N.A. (2014b) Phys. Fluids 26, 026101. n Remmler, S., Hickel, S. (2014) J. Fluid Mech. 755 n Hickel, S., Egerer, C.P., Larsson, J. (2014) Phys. Fluids 26: 106101. n Chen, Z.L., Hickel, S., Devesa, A., Berland, J., Adams, N.A. (2014) Theor. Comp. Fluid Mech. 28 n Meyer, M., Hickel, S., Breitsamter, C., Adams, N.A. (2013) AIAA paper 20133037
Particle Modeling of Fluid Dynamics physical model. SPH and their mesoscopic extension SDPD, are very attractive numerical models for fluid flow of extreme physical complexity.
SPH simulation of tip-streaming of a micro droplet with surfactant.
Motivation and Objectives Despite their wide-spread use, typical particle methods, such as smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), for simulating fluid dynamics cannot deal with realistic flow parameters without numerical regularization that interferes with the underlying
Way to Solution We have developed SPH/SDPD ap proaches capable of modeling complex microflows. In particular we have devised a new SPH paradigm, which enables SPH to reach realistic flow parameters without artificial regularization. Key Results n Adami S, Hu XY and Adams NA, J. Comp. Phys. 241:292–307 (2013). n Litvinov S, Hu XY, Ellero M, Adams NA, Microfluid Nanofluid, DOI 10.1007/ s10404-013-1207-8 (2013) Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics
37
High-order Numerical Models for Complex Fluid Dynamics and Interactions
Direct simulation of shock-liquid-drop interaction.
Motivation and Objectives Although high-order schemes have been widely used in numerical simulation of flow phenomena they face great challenges for achieving both high resolvability of flow structures and high robustness for coping with discontinuities and interface interactions. The numerical modeling of multi-phase flows must have the capability to reproduce the evolution of fluidic interfaces which may become very complex and produce small-size structures beyond the resolvability of the computational grid. Such under-resolved structures very often lead to numerical instability and failure of numerical simulation.
Way to Solution Based on our newly developed WENO methodology, we design numerical schemes with the ability to separate flow structure according to their characteristic length scales and to handle large scale and small scale structure in physically consistent ways. The developed numerical schemes achieve very good resolvability without compromising robustness. We have developed a multi-scale method to cope with under-resolved interface structures. The core approach is a so-called stimulus-response model which measures the smoothness of the interface and separates resolved and non-resolved scales in a simple and efficient way. Key Results n Schranner FS, Hu XY, Adams NA, Computers & Fluids 86: 109–124 (2013). n Hu XY, Adams N and Shu WC, J. Comp. Phys., 242: 169–180 (2013). n Han LH, Hu XY, Adams NA, J. Comp. Phys. 262:131–152 (2014). n Han LH, Hu XY, Adams NA, J. Comp. Phys., 280:387–403 (2014).
Aircraft and Helicopter Aerodynamics
Helicopter flow analysis by URANS-SAS computations.
38
Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics
Motivation and Objectives Performance enhancement and reduction of emissions are key objectices in the frame of the European ‘Flightpath 2050’. For the current research projects, improving flow physics knowledge and modelling are related to unsteady aerodynamics and aero-elasticity, turbulent flows and active flow control. Special emphasis is on the aerodynamic characteristics of highly maneuverable aircraft and large transport aircraft as well as on unconventional and UAV configurations. Specific research activities in the field of aircraft and helicopter aerodynamics deal
Way to Solution The investigations are performed includ ing both wind tunnel experiments and numerical simulations. Commercial as well as in-house codes are used, while code development is mainly conducted in the context of aeroelasticity and reduced order models.
SAGITTA diamond wing.
with means of drag reduction by shape optimization, novel air intake solutions, flow control using active devices, pulsed blowing and plasma actuators and unconventional lift generating systems including the fluid-structure interaction of flexible adaptive wings.
Key Results n A. Kölzsch and C. Breitsamter. Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 51, No. 5, 2014, pp. 1380-1390. n J.-U. Klar and C. Breitsamter. Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 51, No. 5, 2014, pp. 15111521. n B. Beguin and C. Breitsamter. Aerospace Science and Technology, Vol. 37, No.1, 2014, pp. 138 150.
Laminar-turbulent Transition with Chemical (Non-)Equilibrium in Hypersonic Boundary-layer Flows Motivation In hypersonic flows, the heat transfer differs up to an order of magnitude comparing laminar and turbulent boundary layers. The prediction of the transition location on blunt re-entry configurations aims at the understanding of the underlying instability mechanisms. The influence of the chemical state of the boundary layer (equilibrium or non-equilibrium) in these high-enthalpy flows is the main focus. Finite-size disturbance of a hypersonic boundary layer.
Way to Solution Direct numerical simulations (DNS) are conducted on national HPC facilities such as SuperMUC and HLRS. Results show that early stages of hypersonic transition are not substantially affected by chemical reactions. Simulations are currently under way taking into account the surface roughness and the noise which can lead to transient growth of disturbances to non-linear amplitudes where they can be enhanced through the present of the chemical reactions.
Key Results n C. Stemmer, J. Fehny, 44th AIAA Fluid Dynamics Conference, Atlanta, GA, 2014 n S. Gosh, R. Friedrich, C. Stemmer, Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow 48:24-34, 2014
Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics
39
Automotive Aerodynamics
Large-scale turbulent flow structures around the TUM/AER DRIVAER car body.
Motivation Automotive aerodynamics deals with the aerodynamic optimization of vehicles driven by combustion engines or electrical motors. Key objectives are drag reduction and unsteady aerodynamics with its influence on the driving stability and the aerodynamic coefficients. With respect to high drag reduction potential, the wheel/wheelhouse region is dedicated to systematic optimization.
Way to Solution One approach to unsteady aerodynamics is to analyze the dynamic behavior of the flow field using dynamic mode decomposition (DMD). DMD is found to extract useful information from the flow, when it is applied to three dimensional velocity vector fields. It is a method to extract coherent structures by decomposing the flow into dynamic modes. Analyzing the turbulent structures and their origins allows shape optimization leading to drag reduction of the component or full car. Key Results n M. Peichl, S. Mack, T. Indinger, F. Decker: ASME 2014 Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting, August 3-7, 2014, Chicago, USA, FEDSM2014-21255 n B. Schnepf, G. Tesch, T. Indinger: JSAE Annual Spring Congress 2014, Paper 20145029, May 21-23, Yokohama, Japan, 2014
DFG Sonderforschungsbereich TRR 40: Technological Foundations for the Design of Thermally and Mechanically Highly Loaded Components of Future Space Transportation Systems
Shock-turbulent boundary layer interaction.
The institute has the speaker role within the DFG-SFB TRR40. Next-generation space transportation systems will be based on rocket propulsion systems which deliver the best compromise be tween development and production cost and performance. The TRR40 focuses on liquid rocket propulsion systems and their
40
Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics
integration into the space transportation system. Critical, thermally and mechanically highly loaded components of such space transportation systems are the combustion chamber, the nozzle, the aft body and the cooling of the structure. These components offer the highest potential for the efficiency increase of the entire system. However, all components are in close and direct interaction with each other. Optimization or the fundamentaly new design of a single component directly affects all other components. The 25 projects from TUM, RWTH Aachen, TU Braunschweig and the U Stuttgart as well as partners from DLR and AIRBUS D&S investigate in interdisciplinary
experimental and numerical teams. The developed concepts will be tested on sub-scale combustion chambers and will be developed to a stage of applicability. In addition, principal experiments are going to be conducted to demonstrate new technologies developed in the TRR40. The
scientific focus of all five research areas within the TRR 40 is the analysis and the modeling of coupled systems. Based on reference experiments detailed numerical models are developed which serve as the basis for efficient and reliable predictive simulation tools for design.
Research Foci n Numerical fluid and flow modeling and simulation n Complex Fluids n Turbulent and transitional flows n Aerodynamics of aircraft and auto mobiles n Environmental Aerodynamics
Courses n Fluidmechanik I and II n Aerodynamik I und II n Grenzschichttheorie n Instationäre Aerodynamik I und II n Aeroakustik n Aerodynamik und Bauwerke n Numerische Berechnung turbulenter Strömung n Aerodynamik stumpfer Körper n Aerodynamik von Höchstleistungsfahrzeugen n Strömungsmechanik in der Verfahrenstechnik n Computational Solids and Fluid Dynamics n Angewandte CFD n Turbulente Strömungen n Gasdynamik n Biofluid Mechanics n Strömungsphysik und Modellgesetze n Aerodynamik bodengebundener Fahrzeuge n Aerodynamik der Raumfahrzeuge n An Introduction to Microfluidic Simulations n Grundlage der experimentiellen Strömungsmechanik
Competences n Multi-physics code and particle based model development n Adaptive multi resolution parallel simulation codes n DrivAer car geometry n Experimental Aerodynamics Infrastructure n 3 low speed wind tunnels + moving belt system n 2 shock tubes
Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics
41
Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Nikolaus A. Adams, Director Dr.-Ing. Albert Pernpeintner apl. Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Christian Breitsamter PD Dr.-Ing. habil. Christian Stemmer Dr.-Ing. Xiangyu Hu PD Dr.-Ing. habil. Thomas Indinger Prof. i.R. Dr.-Ing. habil. Rainer Friedrich, Emeritius Prof. em. Dr.-Ing. Boris Laschka, Emeritius apl. Prof. i.R. Dr.-Ing. Hans Wengle, Emeritius Visiting Lecturer Dr.-Ing. Rainer Demuth (BMW Group) Administrative Staff Angela Grygier Dipl.-Betriebsw. (FH) Sandra Greil Li Su, M.Sc. Research Staff Dmitrii Azarnykh, M.Sc. Bruno Beban, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Bernd Budich Dipl.-Ing. Andrei Buzica Dipl.-Ing. Christopher Collin Felix Diegelmann, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Sebastian Eberhardt Dipl.-Ing. Christian Egerer Dipl.-Ing. Mark Förster Lin Fu, M.Sc. Dr.-Ing. Daniel Gaudlitz Dr.-Ing. Marcus Giglmaier Dipl.-Ing. Moritz Grawunder Dipl.-Ing. Lukas Haag Dr.-Ing. Stefan Hickel Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Hövelmann Dipl.-Ing. Simon Huber
42
Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics
Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Kaller Kentaro Kato, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Florian Knoth Dipl.-Ing. Anja Kölzsch Sergej Litvinov, M.Sc. Jian Luo, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Jan Matheis Lu Miao, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Michael Mihatsch Patrick Nathen, M.Sc. Dipl.-Phys. Christoph Niedermeier Dipl.-Ing. Felix Örley Shucheng Pan, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Vito Pasquariello Martin Peichl, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Julie Piquee Dipl.-Ing. Jan-Frederik Quaatz Dipl.-Ing. Sebastian Remmler Dipl.-Phys. Roman Reß Dipl.-Tech.Math. Steffen Schmidt Dipl.-Ing. Bastian Schnepf Dipl.-Ing. Felix Schranner Dipl.-Ing. Marco Stuhlpfarrer Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Thalhamer Jithendra Tirakala, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Volker Tritschler Dipl.-Ing. Maximilian Winter Dr.-Ing. Xiaopeng Xue Dipl.-Ing. Jae Hun You Chi Zhang M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Christian Zwerger Technical Staff Wolfgang Lützenburg Martin Banzer Franz Färber Hans-Gerhard Frimberger Detlef Mänz Hans-Jürgen Zirngibl
Publications 2013-14 n Béguin, B., Breitsamter, C.: Effects of membrane pre-stress on the aerodynamic characteristics of an elasto-flexible morphing wing; Aerospace Science and Technology; Volume 37, August 2014, 138-150 n Bian, X., Ellero, M.: A splitting integration scheme for the SPH simulation of concentrated particle suspensions; Computer Physics Communications; Volume 185, Issue 1, January 2014, 53-62 n Bian, X., Ellero, M.: integration scheme for the SPH simulation of concentrated particle suspensions; Computer Physics Communications; Volume 185, Issue 1, January 2014, 53-62 n Bian, X., Litvinov, S., Ellero, M., Wagner, N.J.; Hydrodynamic shear thickening of particulate suspension under confinement; Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics; Volume 213, November 01, 2014, 39-49 n Borchert, S., Achatz, U., Remmler, S., Hickel, S., Harlander, U., Vincze, M., Alexandrov, K.D., Rieper, F., Heppelmann, T., Dolaptchiev, S.I.: Finite-volume models with implicit subgrid-scale parameterization for the differentially heated rotating annulus. Meteorologische Zeitschrift (accepted). n Breitsamter, C., Grawunder, M., Reß, R.: Document Aerodynamic design optimisation for a helicopter configuration including a rotating rotor head; 29th Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences, ICAS 2014 n Castiglioni, G., Domaradzki, J.A., Pasquariello, V., Hickel, S., Grilli, M.: Numerical simulations of separated flows at moderate Reynolds numbers appropriate for turbine blades and unmanned aero vehicles; International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow n Castiglioni, G., Domaradzki, J.A., Pasquariello, V., Hickel, S., Grilli, M.: Numerical simulations of separated flows at moderate Reynolds numbers appropriate for turbine blades and unmanned aero vehicles; International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow n Chen, Z.L., Hickel, S., Devesa, A., Berland, J., Adams, N.A.: Wall modeling for implicit large-eddy simulation and immersed-interface methods; Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics; Volume 28, Issue 1, February 2014, 1-21 n Egerer, C.P., Hickel, S., Schmidt, S.J. and Adams, N.A.: Large-eddy simulation of turbulent cavitating flow in a micro channel. Physics of Fluids 26, 85102-85102, 2014 n Fruman, M.D., Remmler, S., Achatz, U., Hickel, S.: On the construction of a direct numerical simulation of a breaking inertia-gravity wave in the upper-mesosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research. doi: 10.1002/2014JD022046 n Ghosh, S., Friedrich, R., Stemmer, Chr.: Contrasting turbulence-radiation interaction in supersonic channel and pipe flow. Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 48, 24-34. n Ghosh, S., Friedrich, R.: Effects of distributed pressure gradients on the pressure-strain correlations in a supersonic nozzle and diffuser; Journal of Fluid Mechanics; Volume 742, March 2014, 466-494; DOI: 10.1017/jfm.2014.4 n Giglmaier, M., Quaatz, J.F., Gawehn, T., Gülhan, A., Adams, N.A.: Numerical and experimental investigations of pseudo-shock systems in a planar nozzle: Impact of bypass mass flow due to narrow gaps; Shock Waves; Volume 24, Issue 2, March 2014, 139-156 n Han, L.H., Hu, X.Y., Adams, N.A.: Adaptive multi-resolution method for compressible multi-phase flows with sharp interface model and pyramid data structure, Journal of Computational Physics, 262, 131-152, 2014
n Hickel, S., Egerer, C.P., Larsson, J.: Subgrid-scale modeling for implicit Large Eddy Simulation of compressible flows and shock turbulence interaction. Physics of Fluids 26, 106101, doi: 10.1063/1.4898641 n Hövelmann, A., Breitsamter, C.: Experimental investigations on vortex flow phenomena of a diamond wing configuration; 29th Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences, ICAS 2014 n Huber, S., Indinger, T., Adams, N., Schuetz, T.: Experimental and Numerical Study of Heat Transfer at the Underbody of a Production Car; SAE International Journal of Commercial Vehicles; Volume 7, Issue 1, May 2014, 89-101 n Kato, K. , Breitsamter, C.a, Obi, S.: Flow separation control over a Gö 387 airfoil by nanosecond pulse-periodic discharge; Experiments in Fluids; Volume 55, Issue 8 n Klar, J.-U., Breitsamter, C.: Unsteady aerodynamic loads on a high-agility aircraft due to wake vortex encounter; Journal of Aircraft; Volume 51, Issue 5, 1 September 2014, 1511-1521 n Kölzsch, A., Breitsamter, C.: Vortex-flow manipulation on a generic delta-wing configuration; Journal of Aircraft; Volume 51, Issue 5, 1 September 2014, 1380-1390 n Litvinov, S., Hu, X., Ellero, M., Adams, N.; Mesoscopic simulation of the transient behavior of semi-diluted polymer solution in a microchannel following extensional flow; Microfluidics and Nanofluidics 16 (1-2), 257-264, 2014 n Muraschko, J., Fruman, M.D., Achatz, U., Hickel, S., Toledo, Y.: On the application of WKB theory for the simulation of the weakly nonlinear dynamics of gravity waves. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. doi: 10.1002/qj.2381 n Pasquariello, V., Grilli, M., Hickel, S., Adams, N.A.: Large-eddy simulation of passive shock-wave/ boundary-layer interaction control; International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow 49, 116-127, 2014 n Quaatz, J.F., Giglmaier, M., Hickel, S., Adams, N.A.: Large-eddy simulation of a pseudo-shock system in a Laval nozzle. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow 49, 108-115, 2014 n Remmler, S., Hickel, S.: Spectral eddy viscosity of stratified turbulence. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 755, R6. doi: 10.1017/jfm.2014.423 n Tritschler, V., Olson, B., Lele, S., Hickel, S., Hu, X.Y., Adams, N.A.: On the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability evolving from a deterministic multimode planar interface. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 755, 2014 n Tritschler, V.K., Avdonin, A., Hickel, S., Hu, X.Y., Adams, N.A.: Quantification of initial-data uncertainty on a shock-accelerated gas cylinder. Physics of Fluids 26, 026101, 2014 n Tritschler, V.K., Zubel, M., Hickel, S., Adams, N.A.: Evolution of length scales and statistics of Richtmyer-Meshkov instability from direct numerical simulations. Physical Review E 90, 063001, 2014 n Vincze, M., Borchert, S., Achatz, U., von Larcher, T., Baumann, M., Hertel, C., Remmler, S., Beck, T., Alexandrov, K.D., Egbers, C., Fröhlich, J., Heuveline, V., Hickel, S., Harlander, U.: Benchmarking in a rotating annulus: a comparative experimental and numerical study of baroclinic wave dynamics. Meteorologische Zeitschrift. n Adami, S., Hu, X.Y., Adams, N.A.: A transport-velocity formulation for smoothed particle hydrodynamics, Journal of Computational Physics 241, 292-307, 2013
Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics
43
n Bäder, D., Indinger, T., Adams, N.A., Unterlechner, P., Wickern, G.: Interference effects of cooling airflows on a generic car body, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 119, 146-157, 2013 n Beguin, B., Breitsamter, C., Adams, N.: Wake measurements to assess the flow-structure interaction of an elasto-flexible morphing wing configuration, Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design 121, 43-50, 2013 n Bian, X. , Ellero, M.: A splitting integration scheme for the SPH simulation of concentrated particle suspensions, Computer Physics Communications 185 (1), 53-62, 2013 n Chen, Z.L., Hickel, S., Devesa, A., Berland, J., Adams, N.A.: Wall modeling for implicit large-eddy simulation and immersed-interface methods. Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics 28, 1-21, 2014 n Fleischer, D., Breitsamter, C.: Efficient Computation of Unsteady Aerodynamic Loads Using Computational-Fluid-Dynamics Linearized Methods, Journal of Aircraft 50, 425-440, 2013 n Fleischer, D., Breitsamter, C.: CFD based methods for the computation of generalized aerodynamic forces, Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design 121, 331-338, 2013 n Furman, A., Breitsamter, C.: Turbulent and unsteady flow characteristics of delta wing vortex systems, Aerospace Science and Technology 24, 32-44, 2013 n Gholami, B., Comerford, A., Ellero, M.: A multiscale SPH particle model of the near-wall dynamics of leukocytes in flow, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering, 2013 n Giglmaier, M., Quaatz, J.F., Gawehn, T., Gülhan, A., Adams, N.A.: Numerical and experimental investigations of pseudo-shock systems in a planar nozzle – Impact of bypass mass flow due to narrow gaps, 24, 139-156, 2014 n Grilli M., Vazquez Quesada A., Ellero M.: Transition to turbulence and mixing in a viscoelastic fluid flowing inside a channel with a periodic array of cylindrical obstacles, Physical Review Letters 110 (17), 2013 n Grilli, M., Hickel, S., Adams, N.A.: Large-eddy simulation of supersonic turbulent boundary layer over a compression-expansion ramp. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow 42 (3), 79-93, 2013 n Heft, A.I., Indinger, T., Adams, N.A.: Document Systematic optimization of the cooling duct system of electric vehicles, 31st AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference, 2013 n Heft, A.I., Indinger, T., Adams, N.A.: Systematic optimization of the cooling duct system of electric vehicles, 31st AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Confer ence; San Diego, CA, United States, 24-27 June 2013 n Hinz, D.F., Alighanbari, H., Breitsamter, C.: Influence of heat transfer on the aerodynamic performance of a plunging and pitching NACA0012 airfoil at low Reynolds numbers, Journal of Fluids and Structures 37, 88-99, 2013 n Hövelmann, A., Breitsamter, C.: Leading-edge geometry effects on the vortex system formation of a diamond wing configuration, 31st AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference; San Diego, CA, United States; 24-27 June 2013 n Hu, X.Y., Adams, N.A., Shu, Chi-Wang : Positivity-preserving method for high-order conservative schemes solving compressible Euler equations, Journal of Computational Physics 242, 169-180, 2013
44
Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics
n Litvinov, S., Hu, X.Y., Ellero, M., Adams, N.A.: Mesoscopic simulations of the transient behavior of semi-diluted polymer solutions in a microchannel following extensional flow, Microfluidics and Nanofluidics, 2013 n Meyer, M., Breitsamter, C.: Aerodynamic character istics of the blended wing body ACFA2020, Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design 121, 51-58, 2013 n Meyer, M., Hickel, S., Breitsamter, C., Adams, N.: Wall-modelled implicit large-eddy simulation of the RA16SC1 high lift configuration, 31st AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference, San Diego, CA; United States; 24-27 June 2013, 2013 n Mihatsch, M.S., Schmidt, S.J., Thalhamer, M. and Adams, N.A.: Numerical Prediction of Erosive Collapse Events in Unsteady Compressible Cavitating Flows. IV International Conference on Computational Methods in Marine Engineering, Springer 2013 n Niedermeier, C.A., Müller, H., Jarczyk, M., Hickel, S., Adams, N.A., Pfitzner, M.b: Large-eddy simulation of turbulent trans- and supercritical mixing, 31st AIAA Computational Fluid Dynamics Conference, San Diego, CA, United States, 24-27 June 2013 n Remmler, S., Hickel, S.: Numerical investigation of stratified turbulence, High Performance Computing in Science and Engineering 2012 – Transactions of the High Performance Computing Center, Stuttgart, HLRS 2012, 415-430 n Remmler, S., Fruman, M.D., Hickel, S.: Direct numerical simulation of a breaking inertia-gravity wave, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Volume 722, May 2013, 424-436 n Remmler, S., Hickel, S.: Spectral structure of stratified turbulence: Direct numerical simulations and predictions by large eddy simulation, Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics 27 (3-4), 319336, 2013 n Rieper, F., Hickel, S., Achatz, U.: A conservative integration of the pseudo-incompressible equations with implicit turbulence parameterization, Monthly Weather Review 141 (3), 861-886, 2013 n Schranner, F.S., Hu, X.Y., Adams, N.A.: A physically consistent weakly compressible high-resolution approach to underresolved simulations of incompressible flows, Computers and Fluids, Volume 86 (5), 109-124, 2013 n Shi, Y., Zhu, X.X., Ellero, M., Adams, N.A.: Analysis of interpolation schemes for the accurate estimation of energy spectrum in Lagrangian methods, Computers and Fluids 82, 122-131, 2013 n Tritschler, V.K., Hu, X.Y., Hickel, S., Adams, N.A.: Numerical simulation of a Richtmyer-Meshkov instability with an adaptive central-upwind sixth-order WENO scheme, Physica Scripta 88 (T155) , art. no. 014016, DOI: 10.1088/0031-8949/2013/ T155/0140162013 n Tritschler,V. K.; Hickel, S.; Hu, X. Y.and Adams, N. A.: On the Kolmogorov inertial subrange developing from Richtmyer-Meshkov instability. Physics of Fluids 25 (7), doi.org/10.1063/1.48136082013.25 n Vázquez-Quesada, A., Ellero, M., Español, P.: Faxén‘s theorem for nonsteady motion of a sphere through a compressible linear viscoelastic fluid in arbitrary flow, Physical Review E – Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics, 87 (3), 10.1103/ PhysRevE.87.032301, art. no. 032301, 2013
Institute of Lightweight Structures Structural design concepts – structural simulation, optimization and experimental methods – adaptive and shape morphing structures
n A focus in 2013-14 was to improve and generalize methods and approaches for shape morphing structures and to investigate a broader scope of their potential applications. In the area of design optimization methods, those combining structural mechanics and crash behavior with manufacturing aspects have been developed. The latter is derived from qualitative information and transferred to numerical models. For the task of optimal material selection, in addition to geometric parameters, continuous-discrete optimization methods have been further developed and demonstrated with test examples. In this field, a team of doctoral students received a winning award in a world-wide competi-
tion on related algorithms. For large space structures including deployable precision reflectors, concepts derived from design considerations and large scale simulations are transferred to laboratory models to undergo severe environmental and concept verification tests.
Univ. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Horst Baier Contact www.llb.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.16103
Shape morphing structures Different methods are investigated to handle the design ‘contradiction’ of shape morphing structures to be highly flexible for morphing but also to be able to take high loads and keep the required shape accuracy. This results in special concepts which combine different materials together with design concepts based on highly flexible kinematic degrees of freedom. For example, the photo shows a sandwich plate for aircraft control surfaces which can undergo large in-plane deformations while also being able to take large bending loads. This is achieved by a net-type facesheet and a sandwich core with certain kinematic degrees of freedom being manufactured by additive layer technology. Further investigations relate to morphing concepts for aircraft engine nacelles to improve the airflow to increase efficiency while reducing noise. This EU project MorphElle is led by LLB with KTH Stockholm, Univ. of Bristol and Bauhaus Luftfahrt as team partners. A specifically investigated challenge is the proper interaction of the circumferential shape morphing inlet with improved airflow and possible reduction of radiated noise. Shape morphing reflectors of communication satellites shall adapt their reflecting shape to changing electromagnetic radi-
ation needs while the system is in orbit. As investigated in different studies for the European Space Agency (ESA), many micro-actuators induce deformations with a high spatial frequency and considerable amplitudes, while the morphing reflecting surface shall not undergo spurious thermal deformations in space and has to have proper electromagnetic properties. This has been achieved by an electromagnetic wave-reflecting surface made out of a special carbon fiber reinforced silicone. Results gained from simulation and experimental laboratory model are now to be further substantiated. Shape morphable sandwich plates which also take high lateral and bending loads for aircraft wing components
A communication antenna reflector with microactuators for in-orbit shape morphing
Institute of Lightweight Structures
45
Large Space Structures
C-fiber reinforced silicone and its micromechanical simulation model (hole size around 1-2 mm)
A major challenge for large space structures lays in their dense packaging for launch and reliable and precise deployment and shape for proper functionality in orbit. This especially holds for large deployable antenna reflectors like that shown in the figure. To obtain proper kinematics, functionality and structural behavior, new types of materials are also investigated like special carbon fiber reinforced flexible silicone-matrix materials. These composites are flexible enough for stowage but stiff enough to achieve double curved parabolic shapes in orbit with good electric performance and extremely low thermal expansion. The holes in the material not only save mass but also reduce the effective area for solar pressure, which then decreases the burden for the
A large reflector deployed in space (typical diameters 8-15 m)
in-orbit attitude control system to compensate such small but highly undesirable disturbances. These investigations have led to a further startup company originating from LLB. This will advance the technologies under more industrial conditions.
Model based structural design optimization
Simulation and optimization model of the body in white for TUM’s electric car together with its front crash absorber (in color)
46
Institute of Lightweight Structures
Once the structural system behavior can be sufficiently well modelled, proper if not optimal design parameters can be determined by nonlinear mathematical optimization methods. This often requires high computational effort, especially in the case of large and highly nonlinear dynamic simulation models as needed to also cover crash impact. For such cases, proper model reduction techniques have been developed, which together with parallelized optimization techniques running on many computer processors simultaneously then reasonably limit the computational effort. For sufficiently precise simulation models, material models covering crash impact
behavior have been determined and experimentally verified for different types of homogeneous and fiber reinforced metals. These investigations have been well complemented by those done in the SFB project TR 10. Methods to determine proper optimal cross-section shapes possibly with additional reinforcing materials for the Al-alloy base material and scattering properties of the crash absorber components have been developed and verified. Hexagonal or similar cross-section shapes for crash boxes have shown higher robustness against scattering data and properties. The simultaneous consideration also of manufacturing aspects in such design optimization processes is demonstrated for different hybrid material and carbon fiber composite automotive structures as done for example in the Spitzencluster (cluster of excellence) MAI carbon. Methods to transfer qualitative knowledge into mathematical models for calculating the manufacturing effort as function of design optimization variables have been favorably combined with structural simulation models to obtain comprehensive optimal designs.
Research Focus n Adaptive and shape morphing struc tures n Hybrid material structures n Large Space structures n Model based design optimization methods Competence n Adaptive structures and smart materials n Design optimization methods n Structural mechanics and design concepts n Mechanical and environmental testing Infrastructure n Computer cluster with 250 processors n CAD and several FEM tools n Dynamic simulation tools n Design optimization tools n Workshop for metal and fiber composite parts n Mechanical and environmental test facilities incl. cryogenic temperatures n Extensive measurement systems n Non-destructive materials and parts inspection Courses n Leichtbau n Luft- und Raumfahrtstrukturen n Multidisciplinary Design Optimization n Adaptive Strukturen n Faserverbundwerkstoffe n Membranstrukturen n Betriebsfestigkeit n Multifunctional Polymer Parts n Vibro-Akustik und Lärm
Management Prof. Horst Baier, Director Adjunct Professors Prof. Dr. Pierre Mertiny Prof. Dr. Rudolf Schwarz Administrative Staff Amely Schwörer Research Scientists Dipl.-Ing. Johannes Achleitner Dr. Valeria Antonelli Dipl.-Ing. Luiz da Rocha-Schmidt Dr. Leri Datashvili, senior research scientist Dipl.-Ing. Stephan Endler Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Friemel Lali Gigineishvili Andreas Hermanutz, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Peter Krempl Tao Luo, M.Sc. Nikoloz Maghaldadze, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Martin Mahl Dipl.-Ing. Alexander Morasch Dipl.-Ing. Gunar Reinicke Dipl.-Ing. Bernhard Sauerer Dipl.-Ing. Markus Schatz Liang Si, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Holger Staack Dipl.-Ing. Felix Stroscher Tanut Ungwattanapanit, M.Sc. Erich Wehrle, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Rainer Wehrle Bin Wei, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Weinzierl Technical Staff Manfred Bauer Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Karl-Ludwig Krämer Bernhard Lerch Christian Mörlein Dirk Steglich Josip Stokic
Institute of Lightweight Structures
47
Publications 2013-14 Reviewed Papers n Morasch, A.; Matias, D; Baier, H. (2014), Material modelling for crash simulation of thin extruded aluminium sections, International Journal of Crash worthiness, DOI 10.180/13588265.2014.916835 n Morasch, A.; Wedekind, M.; Matias, D.; Baier, H. (2014), Thermo-mechanical behavior and material failure of steel wire reinforced alumimum, Procedia CIRP (18), pp. 144-149 n da Rocha-Schmidt, L.; Hermanutz, A.; Baier, H.; Seitz, A.; Bijewitz, J.; Isikveren, A. T.; Scarpa, F.; Allegri, G.; Remillat, C.; Feuilloley, E.; Majic, F.; O’Reilly, C. ; Efraimsson, G., Progress Towards Adaptive Aircraft Engine Nacelles, in 29th Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences (2014) n Schatz, M. ; Baier, H. (2014), An approach toward the incorporation of soft aspects such as manufacturing efforts into structural design optimization, Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation (JMEA) Vol. 4, No. 11 n Schatz, M.; Baier, H. (2014), Structural optimization of braided structures including soft aspects such as manufacturing effort, in Mechanics of Composites. n Ungwattanapanit, T.; Baier, H. (2014), Postbuckling analysis and optimization of stiffened fuselage panels utilizing variable-stiffness laminates, in Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences, ICAS 2014, St. Petersburg n Wehrle, E.; Xu, Q.; Baier, H. (2014), Investigation, optimal design and uncertainty analysis of crashabsorbing extruded aluminum structures, Procedia CIRP, pp. 27-32 n Baier, H. (2013), Adaptive Strukturen. Handbuch der Luftfahrttechnik, Kap. 4.6, pp. 4119-4126, Hanser Verl. 2013, Munich n Baier, H.; Datashvili, L.; Endler, S.; Rose, S.; Stockman, Y. & Rodrigues, G. (2013), Large deployable telescopes – also for µm-wavelengths?, CEAS Space Journal (5) 2013 n Datashvili, L. (2013), Foldability of hinged-rod systems applicable to deployable space structures, CEAS Space Journal (5), pp. 157-168 n Datashvili, L.; Endler, S.; Wei, B.; Baier, H.; Langer, H.; Friemel, M.; Tsignadze, N. & Santiago-Prowald, J. (2013), Study of mechanical architectures of large deployable space antenna apertures: from design to tests, CEAS Space Journal (5), pp. 169-184 n Santiago Prowald, J. Baier, H. (2013), Advances in large apertures for space, CEAS Space Journal, POI 10.1007/s 12567-013-0048-3 2013 n Wei, B.; Magner, D.; Endler, S. & Datashvili, L. (2013), High precision large space structures: challenges in cable networks design, in International Conference on Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures, Structural Membranes, CIMNE 2013, Munich
Non-reviewed Papers n Datashvili, L.; Baier, H.; Derivation of Different Types of Antenna Reflectors from the Principle of Highly Flexible Structures; European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, 8., The Hague, The Netherlands, 2014 n Datashvili, L.; Maghaldadze, N.; Endler, S.; Pauw, J.; He, P.; Baier, H; Ihle, A.; Prowald, J.S.; Advances in Mechanical Architectures of large Precision Space Apertures; European Conference on Spacecraft Structures, Materials & Environmental Testing, 2014 n Datashvili, L.; Maghaldadze, N.; Pauw, J. ; Endler, S., Advanced Architectures of Large Space Deployable Reflectors: from Medium to Very Large Sizes, in International Conference on Advanced Lightweight Structures and Reflector Antennas 2., Tbilisi 2014
48
Institute of Lightweight Structures
n Endler, S.; Datashvili,L.; Baier, H.; Roose, S.; Enhancement of the Electro-Magnetic Behaviour of Flexible Fiber Composite Materials by Surface Coating; International Conference on Advanced Lightweight Structures and Reflector Antenna 2., Tbilisi, 2014 n Friemel, M.; Baier, H., Thermal Testing of CFRP Under A High Number of Temperature Cycles, ESA Confer ence on Space Structures, Materials and Testing, 2014 n Ihle, A.; Datashvili, L.; Schmidt, J.; Hartmann, D.; Proietti Zolla, P.; Santiago-Prowald, J.; ScalableInnovative Scalable Large Deployable Antenna Reflector; European Conference on Spacecraft Structures, Materials & Environmental Testing, 2014 n Rapp, S.; Kuisl, A.; Zauner, C.; Reinicke, G. ; Baier, H., Experimental Verification of a Micro-Vibration Analysis Software for Pointing Error Prediction of Space Optical Instruments, in European Conference on Spacecraft Structures, Materials; Environmental Testing, 2014 n da Rocha-Schmidt, L.; Baier, H. , A Shape Variable Gap Cover Concept for Aerodynamic Control Surfaces Based on Shear Deformation, in Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress, 2014 n Sauerer, B.; Schatz, M.; Wehrle, E.; Baier, H.; Multistage Structural Optimization in the Design of the Lightweight Electrical Vehicle VisioM; European Altair Technology Conference; 2014 n Schatz, M.; Wehrle, E.; Baier, H., Structural design optimization of lightweight structures considering material selection and sizing, in International Conference on Engineering Optimization, 2014 n Seibert, D.; Staack, H.; On the virtual development of pedestrian protection; International Conference Intelligent Collision Protection and Pedestrian Protection; Wiesbaden 2014 n Staack, H.; Seibert, D.; Koukal, A.; Baier, H.; Versuchsbasierte Entwicklung eines industriellen Bruchkriteriums für Kunststoffkomponenten in der Fußgängerschutz-Auslegung; SIMVEC; 2014 n Ungwattanapanit, T.; Baier, H., Postbuckling Optimization of Composite Stiffened Fuselage Panels using Steered Fibers, in RAeS Aircraft Structural Design Conference 4, 2014 n Weinzierl, M.; Schatz, M.; Antonelli, V.; Baier, H.; A Study of the Structural Dynamics of CFRP Chopper Disks; SAMPE Europe 9, Tampere, 2014 n Antonelli, V.; Lohstroh, W.; Baier, H., Feasibility study on a very large chopper disk for a TOF-TOF spectrometer, ICCM 9, Montreal, Canada, 2013 n Da Rocha-Schmidt, L.; Baier, H.; Morphing Skins and Gap Covers for Aerodynmic Control Surfaces, Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress, 2013 n Schatz, M.; Both, J.; Baier, H., Experimental and numerical investigation of the stress-free temperature in CFRP and hybrid CFRP-metal composites, SEICO 13, Paris, 2013 n Si, L.; Chen, Z.; Baier, H., Real-time health monitoring on impact identification of composite structures with distributed built-in sensor network, in SPIE Smart Structures / NDE 2013, San Diego, 2013 n Ungwattanapanit, T.; Zhang, Y.; Baier, H., Hybrid-Stiffness Laminated Fuselage Panels with Window Cutouts Optimized under Stability and Strength Constraints, in ICCS 17., Porto, 2013 n Wagner, D.; Staack, H.; Klaus; Krampe, E.; Wintermantel, E., Systematic Design Approach for FRP and Multi-Material Crash Concepts in Electric Energy Storage Systems of Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Polymer Processing Society Annual Meeting 29, Nürnberg, 2013 n Wehrle, R.; Ziegler, M.; Baier, H., Contour optimization of extruded aluminum profile cross-sections, taking into account structural mechanics and manufacturing aspects, World Congress on Structural and Multidisci plinary Optimization 10., Orlando, 2013
Institute of Ergonomics Definition and evaluation of human-machine interaction and anthropometric layout of technical systems. Safety, efficiency of use and user satisfaction.
n The focus of the Institute of Ergonomics in 2013-14 was to stabilize and increase the activities in the area of cooperative interaction between human and vehicle or human and robots on an global level. This was possible as national and international funded project proposals were successful to continue the basic research at the institute funded by DFG. The second focus was to successfully reinitiate the engagement of anthropometrics and biomechanics in the area of production ergonomics. Furthermore the institute organized the annual spring conference of the Gesellschaft für Arbeitswissenschaft 2014 in cooperation with the University of Applied Sciences Munich.
A highlights were the launch of an individualized 3D printed thumb support for workers in automotive production. The launch of our open source Arduino Detection-Response-Task (DRT) and Mobile Detection Task (MDT) for Android Smartphones.
Prof. Dr. phil. Klaus Bengler Contact www.ergonomie.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.15388
Cooperative Systems and Automation Advances in data acquisition and data processing technologies enabled the development of automated and coop erating human machine systems. On one hand (from technical view) cooperation and automation are a logical development of individual assistance systems, while (on the other hand) from an ergonomics perspective represent a paradigm shift to driver-vehicle interaction. This research group aims at a holistic view of coop erative and automated systems whose functionalities are no longer considered as isolated assistance functions. Such inte grated systems will cause drastic changes in the tasks of the operator, the manmachine interaction and the associated user interface and interaction technologies in the future. To increase safety, comfort and efficiency of socio-technical systems and to provide a framework for social and legal discussions, it is important not only to investigate the functional development or the limits of automation, but also the exploration of the potentials and limitations of human performance in collaboration with the automation (Haslbeck et al., 2012).
Projects n ASHAD (automation and society – highly automated driving) n HFAuto – human factors of automated driving n SaMSys – safety management system in aviation n H-Mode2KFF – from H-Mode to cooperative vehicle guidance n KobotAERGO – adaptive collaborative robots as age-adjusted companion for an ergonomic and flexible material handling n Lifting Aid – development and verification of a body-worn lifting equipment for work support
Institute of Ergonomics
49
Driver Assistance Systems
KOLIBRI traffic light assistant on mobile device. Reference: Andreas Haslbeck
Due to the mass production in the automotive industry, a high degree of individual mobility is reached. This mass mobilization is accompanied by many economic disadvantages (e.g. increased number of accidents, environmental pollution, and longer travel times). These social costs must be reduced in the future to maintain or even improve the quality of individual mobility. A significant share of it can be done by the driver assistance systems (ADAS). Research in this area focuses on the development and evaluation of existing and future cooperative driver assistance systems with the aim to assist the driver in terms of perception, action planning, and vehicle interaction. Currently the focus of
the ADAS research is to support the driver in urban traffic. These include the intersection assistant, the traffic light assistant, left turn assistant or systems to reduce fuel consumption, which are developed under the projects KOLIBRI or eCoMove. In the project FAS Akzeptanz (ADAS Acceptance), the use and acceptance of driver assistance systems already in the market have been examined with the aim of identi fying the barriers of the drivers. In the field of display technologies new display options such as the use of contact-analogue head-up displays are investigated. Projects n eCoMove – cooperative mobility systems and services for energy efficiency n Urban Space: user oriented assistance systems and network management n Usage of augmented reality technology for assisting drivers of industrial trucks n Local4Global – system-of-systems that act locally for optimizing globally n KOLIBRI – cooperative optimization of traffic signal control – bavarian pilot project n Optimized display concepts for a contact analog head-up display n Heat Vision
Human Modeling
Visualisation of different digital human models
Today, emerging ergonomic problems in product and workspace designs can be solved or evaluated more efficiently and competitively with digital human models. The development of biomechanical, phy50
Institute of Ergonomics
siological, anthropometrical and cognitive models is the main task of the described research group ‘Human Modeling’. Bio mechanics, physiology and anthropometry can already be precisely modelled and simulated. Therefore, reliable predictions of the influence of single factors on discomfort, load, workload and human performance are possible. Human beings are complex systems, whose parameters can influence each other. For instance discomfort and workload depend on an interaction of factors. Basic research, crosslinking individual systems, modeling approaches and application-oriented
studies are used for a further development of physical, numerical and theoretical models. Different fields of application for as holistic as possible models are automotive, mobility, production, logistics and sports. The research activities consider in addition to objective parameters of load, also workload and subjective measures, as comfort and discomfort.
Projects n UDASim – global discomfort assessment for vehicle passengers by simulation n visio.m n Lifting Aid – development and verification of a body-worn lifting equipment for work support
Motivation and Cognition
Ergonomic tool-kit for classroom measurements by pupils (funded by TÜV Süd Stiftung)
Motivational design of learning environments is a central topic for information socities. The focus is on learning environments in school, study and training. Motivation is an essential prerequisite for the provision of power and thus has a direct reference to ergonomics. Schmidtke (1993, p.112) points out two aspects of
motivation in his model of human performance: firstly the motivation that is rooted in the individual, can be supported and maintained by the motivation to others but also appropriate organizational framework. This may concern, for example the design of tasks in context of school. How can instructions be designed to stimulate employment? How can teaching be organized to motivate students for long time? The findings help to design learning environments in a way that people select, initiate and/or continue desired learning activities. The motivation research offers a variety of starting points. Projects n AUVA: age-based workplaces for small and medium-sized enterprises n Ergonomics for classrooms: The ergonomic tool-box
Usability and User Experience The main focus of the research on usability and user experience is the finding and understanding of different factors of human machine interface design and their effects on usability and user experience. A basic requirement for consistent communication and research is a confined definition and differentiation of the terms usability and user experience. It is the foundation for fundamental research which aims at identifying relevant factors that can be adjusted to optimize human machine interaction. This is of importance
Haptic touchpad for automotive infotainment systems (Blattner 2013)
Institute of Ergonomics
51
because current use of the terms shows strong ambiguity and overlap, is a source of misinterpretation and complicates consistent attribution of design factors. The research at the Institute of Ergonomics mainly consists of experiments with software on touchscreen devices. For those design recommendation and style guides are postulated, evaluated and combined with the goal of easing human machine interface design and establishing well-grounded basic rules. Use cases that are concerned include production environments, robot programming, human car interaction, home appliances. An important goal of the research is evaluating general validity of style guides because
recommendations for industrial use and consumer products differ widely. The group contributes to a general propagation of ergonomic product design by taking part in standard publishing committees (e.g. VDI 3850). Projects n Optimized handling of a car-infotainment-system using a touchpad with haptic feedback n GE³STIK – guidelines for an ergonomic design and flexible system architecture of touch screen interaction
Driving Dynamics Perception
eMUC - a Munich field trial with MINI E electric vehicles
Concerning the base functionality, especially in the premium segment, the current vehicle development is located on a very high level. There is a trend towards active design of driving experience and customer-specific parameterization of individual vehicle characteristics. This trend suggests a user-centered vehicle development, in contrast to technologycentered development of the past. The dynamics of the vehicle as well as its perception by the driver plays a significant role in many respects. Advancements in drive technology, both in terms of downsizing measures, as well as to electric drives, raise the question of how the driver perceives these changes and how these perceptions affect the 52
Institute of Ergonomics
driving behavior. Competing development goals like sportiness and driving dynamic are facing demands to reduce CO2-emissions and fuel consumption and affect the dynamic characteristics of a vehicle significantly. Alternative drive concepts create new demands on the design of the vehicle dynamics and corresponding interaction interfaces for the user, which have to be investigated ergonomically with scientific metrics. One of the main objectives in this research group is the quantification of the human perceptual performance concerning vehicle dynamics. Regarding the driver as the controller in the driver-vehicle control loop, the basic interactions of vehicle dynamics and driver behavior (driving style) are investigated in naturalistic driving studies. This provides recommendations for the design of future vehicles and the optimization of driver assistance systems. A special application for the longitudinal dynamic tuning can be found in the field of electric mobility, as a frugal use of the available energy is of great importance here. Project n eMUC – a Munich field trial with MINI E electric vehicles
Research Focus n Digital human modeling for ergonomic anthropometric workplace layout n Biomechanical modelling of forces on joint specific level n Investigation of interaction concepts for efficient cooperation with future assistance systems and highly automated systems n Investigation of multimodal interaction, concepts for human machine interaction n Development of measurement metrics n Research on motivational aspects of user behavior Competence n Interdisciplinary research approach n Development of evaluation methods, models and implementation of inter action concepts in the areas anthro pometry/biomechanics as well as cognitive ergonomics Infrastructure n Static driving simulator mockup n Static driving simulator (360° fov) n Remote and head mounted eye trackers n Pupil dilation measurement equipment n VICON motion capturing system n Seating lab n Driver distraction usability lab n Climate chamber n Biomechanical laboratory Courses n Arbeitswissenschaft/Ergonomie n Produktergonomie (Master) n Produktionsergonomie (Master) n Menschliche Zuverlässigkeit (Master) n Human Factors – Ergonomie (Master) Management Prof. Dr. phil. Klaus Bengler, Director Adjunct Professors Prof. Dr.-Ing. Markus Maurer
Administrative Staff Simona Chiritescu-Kretsch Doris Herold Julia Fridgen Elfriede Graupensberger Research Scientists Dr.-Ing. Herbert Rausch Dipl.-Ing. Martin Albert Carmen Aringer M.A. Dipl.-Ing. Jurek Breuninger Benedikt Brück M.Sc. Antonia Conti M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Ilja Feldstein Patrick Galaske M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Christian Gold Joel Gonçalves M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Patrick Gontar Dipl.-Ing. Martin Götze Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Haslbeck Dipl.-Ing. Magnus Helmbrecht Dipl.-Ing. Uwe Herbst Christin Hölzel M.A. Dipl.-Sportwiss. Marius Janta M.Sc. Ralf Kassirra Dipl.-Ing. Verena Knott Dipl.-Psych. Moritz Körber Dipl.-Ing. Michael Krause M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Florian Kremser Dipl.-Ing. Alexander Lange Dipl. Wirtsch.-Ing. Christian Lehsing M.Sc. Bastiaan Petermeijer M.Sc. Lisa Pfannmüller M.Sc. Dipl.-Inf. Severina Popova-Dlugosch Dipl.-Ing. Jonas Radlmayr Dipl.-Ing. Christoph Rommerskirchen Dipl.-Ing. Jonas Schmidtler Dipl.-Inf. Nadine Walter Dipl.-Ing. Sebastian Smykowski Dipl.-Ing. Paul Stuke Dipl.-Ing. Annika Ulherr Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Weißgerber Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Wiedemann Dipl.-Ing. Albert Zaindl Dipl.-Medieninf. Markus Zimmermann Technical Staff Michael Arzberger Heribert Hart Papist Robert
Institute of Ergonomics
53
Publications 2013-14 n Akamatsu, Motoyuki; Green, Paul; Bengler, Klaus, Automotive Technology and Human Factors Research: Past, Present, and Future, International Journal of Vehicular Technology, 2013, Volume 2013 n Bortot, D.; Born, M.; Bengler, K., Directly or on Detours? How Should Industrial Robots Approximate Humans?, 89-90, Proceedings of the 8th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, Tokio, Japan, 8th ACM/ IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, 2013 n Breuninger, Jurek; Popova-Dlugosch, Severina; Bengler, Klaus, The Safest Way to Scroll a List: A Usability Study Comparing Different Ways of Scrolling Through Lists on Touch Screen Devices, Analysis, Design, and Evaluation of HumanMachine Systems 2013, Las Vegas, USA, Elsevier, IFAC, 2013 n Damböck, D.; Weissgerber, T.; Kienle, M; Bengler, K., Requirements for Cooperative Vehicle Guidance, Proceedings of the 16th International IEEE Annual Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems. ITSC 2013, The Hague, The Nethederlands, 6-9 Oct. 2013 n Eichinger, A.; Kellerer, J., Between laboratory and simulator: a cognitive approach to evaluating cockpit interfaces by manipulating informatory context, Cognition, Technology & Work, 2013, Oct n Gold, C.; Damböck, D.; Lorenz, L.; Bengler, K., Take Over! How Long Does It Take to Get the Driver Back Into the Loop?, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 57th Annual Meeting, HFES 2013, San Diego, USA, 2013 n Götze, Martin; Conti, Antonia S.; Keinath, Andreas; Said, Tarek; Bengler, Klaus, Evaluation of a New Cockpit Color Concept under Mesopic Lighting for Urban Driving, Design, user experience, and usability, Las Vegas, NV, USA, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013 n Haslbeck, A, Eichinger, A., Bengler, B., Pilot Decision Making: Modeling Choices in Go-Around Situations, 548-553, Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Aviation Psychology, 17th International Symposium on Aviation Psychology, 2013 n Helmbrecht, Magnus; Bengler, Klaus; Vilimek, Roman, Adaptations in Driving Efficiency with Electric Vehicles, Human-Computer Interaction. Applications and Services – 15th International Conference, HCI International 2013, Las Vegas, NV, USA, July 21-26, 2013, Proceedings, Part II, Las Vegas, NV, USA, Springer, 2013 n Herbst, Uwe; Rühl, Steffen Wilhelm; Hermann, Andreas; Xue, Zhixing; Bengler, Klaus, Ergonomic 6D Interaction Technologies for a Flexible and Transportable Robot System: A Comparison, Analysis, Design, and Evaluation of Human-Maschine Systems 2013, Elsevier, IFAC, 2013 n Kienle, M.; Damböck, D.; Bubb, H.; Bengler, K., The ergonomic value of a bidirectional haptic interface when driving a highly automated vehicle, Cognition, Technology & Work, 2013, 15 (4), 15, 475-482 n Krause, M.; Bengler, K., My Phone, My Car and I – And Maybe a Traffic Light Assistant, ICONS The 8th International Conference on Systems, Seville, Spain, 2013 n Körber, M.; Eichinger, A.; Bengler, K; Olaverri Monreal, C., User Experience Evaluation in an Automotive Context, IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium Workshops, Gold Coast, Australia, 2013
54
Institute of Ergonomics
n Manstetten, D.; Bengler, K.; Busch, F.; Färber, B.; Lehsing, C.; Neukum, A.; Schendzielorz, T., UR:BAN – a German project focusing on human factors to increase traffic safety in urban areas, Proceedings of the 20th ITS World Congress, Tokyo, Japan, 2013 n Müller, T.; Hajek, H.; Radic-Weissenfeld, L.; Bengler, K., Can You Feel the Difference? The Just Noticeable Difference of Longitudinal Acceleration, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 57th Annual Meeting, HFES 2013, San Diego, USA, 2013 n Popova-Dlugosch, S.; Breuninger, J.; Lemme, B.; Bengler, K., Is Walking Bad for Tablet Use or Is Tablet Use Bad for Walking? An Experimental Study on the Effect of Walking on Tablet Use, Analysis, Design, and Evaluation of Human-Machine Systems 2013, International Federation of Automatic Control, Elsevier, IFAC, 2013 n Rommerskirchen, Ch.; Helmbrecht, M.; Bengler, Klaus, Increasing complexity of driving situations and its impact on an ADAS for anticipatory assistance for the reduction of fuel consumption: Symposium, Proceedings of the IEEE Intelligent Vehicle Symposium, Gold Coast, Australia, 23-26 June; Symposium, 2013 n Zimmermann, M.; Bengler, K., A Multimodal Interaction Concept for cooperative Driving: Symposium, Proceedings of the IEEE Intelligent Vehicle Symposium, Gold Coast, Australia, Symposium, 2013 n Beck, J.; Eichinger, A.; Bengler, K., Trait, state or artefact? Assessing experts’ regulatory focus in nuclear power plant control, Cognition, Technology & Work, 2014, 1-10 [2/17]: Eichinger, A.; Bengler, K., Representations and operations: parts of the problem and the solution: Comments on J.C.F. de Winter: Controversy in human factors constructs and the explosive use of the NASA TLX: a measure ment perspective, Cognition, Technology & Work, 2014 n Gold, C.; Lorenz, L.; Bengler, K., Influence of Automated Brake Application on Take-Over Situations in Highly Automated Driving Scenarios, Proceedings of the FISITA 2014 World Automotive Congress, Maastrich, Netherlands, 2-6 June, 2014 n Haslbeck, A.; Kirchner, P.; Schubert, E.; Bengler, K., A Flight Simulator Study to Evaluate Manual Flying Skills of Airline Pilots, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) 2014, Chicago, Illinois, USA, 27.10.-31.10.2014, SAGE Journals, 2014 n Helmbrecht, M.; Olaverri-Monreal, C.; Bengler, K.; Vilimek, R.; Keinath, A., How Electric Vehicles Affect Driving Behavioral Patterns, IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine. Special Issue on Electro-Mobility, 2014, 22-32 n Radlmayr, J.; Gold, C.; Lorenz, L.; Farid, M.; Bengler, K., How Traffic Situations and Non-Driving Related Tasks Affect the Take-Over Quality in Highly Automated Driving, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) 2014, Chicago, Illinois, USA, 27.10.-31.10.2014, SAGE Journals, 2014
Bioseparation Engineering Group Process development, particle synthesis and functionalization, and extraction
n The Bioseparation Engineering Group deals with different aspects of the isolation and purification of biomolecules. One focus in 2013-14 was to establish several new methods for particle and surface characterization, not only inside the group itself but also on the whole Garching campus. In addition to adsorptive separation techniques, extraction will be a new research field of the group. One highlight was the start of the BMBF financed tandem project (Euro 1.2 million at TUM) with the Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT). The aim of this high risk project is to develop a web-based tool for designing surface-selective peptides. Prof. Dr. Sonja Berensmeier
New Stationary Phases
Contact www.biovt.mw.tum.de/ selektive-trenntechnik
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.15750
New stationary phases are essential in bioseparation sciences: classical phases are already well developed and reach their limits. The Bioseparation Engineering Group is specialized on synthesis and functionalization of magnetic particles and conductive materials as well as their process implementation. Making use of magnetism or conductivity allows for an additional degree of freedom for state-ofthe-art process development. Projects n AiF/IFG Project – Synthesis, characterization and application of new stationary phases for potential-controlled chromatography
SEM of multiwall carbon nanotubes
Functional Interfaces In separation sciences the interaction of particulate carriers among each other and to target molecules is essential for process development. Selective interactions as well as high binding capacities of target molecules to solid phases determine the final purity and yield and therefore the quality in whole of the separation step. In contrast, uncontrolled aggregation of particles decreases process performance concerning robustness, reproducibility, and scalability. All these aspects are main focus topics of our projects.
Projects n BMBF Biotechnology 2020+ initiative – Rational design of peptide-surface interactions n AiF-ZIM – STEP-MAG: Verfahren und Messgerät zur Quantifizierung der magnetischen Mobilität von Nanomaterialen und deren Verteilung n Development of new stationary phases for antibody purification
Simulation of peptide (Source: Prof. Dr. Wenzel, KIT)
Bioseparation Engineering Group
55
Process Development In addition to the optimization of classical downstream processes new innovative separation techniques as well as integrated process concepts are subjects under research. A focus area is the research on high-gradient magnetic separation and membrane assisted extraction with focus on viscous media with highly solid content. Projects n BMBF Project – New enzyme recycling strategies in industrial processes n BMBF e:Bio initiative – SysBioTerp – Innovative strategies for a sustainable production of bioactive molecules n Verfügungsfond MW – Preparative purification of gastric porcine mucines
Research Focus n Downstream processing n Bioprocess integration n High-gradient magnetic separation n New magnetic or conductive particles n Optimization of chromatographic processes n Biomolecule-surface-interaction n Extraction Competence n Synthesis and characterization of nanoand microparticles n Surface functionalization n Magnetic separation and automation n Fermentation n Molecular biology, Microbiology, Biochemistry n Simulation with COSMO-RS, COMSOL Multiphysics, and SuperPro Designer
56
Bioseparation Engineering Group
High-gradient magnetic separator is located at the TUM Research Center for Industrial Biotechnology
Infrastructure: n S1 – Labs (Working with geneticcally modified microorganisms – safety level 1) n Parallel bioreactor system n High-gradient magnetic separator (HGMS) n Diverse chromatography- and filtration systems n Particle-/surface analytics (DLS, BET, RAMAN, TGA-MS, contact angle, tensiometry) n HPLC systems Courses n Bioseparation Engineering I + II n Biotechnology for Engineers n Practical Training on Bioprocess Engineering n Practical Training on Particulare Nanotechnology n Practical Training on Preparative Chromatography
Management Prof. Dr. Sonja Berensmeier, Director Administrative staff Mrs. Susanne Kuchenbaur, Team Assistant Research Scientists Silvia Blank, M.Sc. Markus Brammen, M.Sc. Kerstin Dieler, M.Sc.
Dr. Paula Fraga Garcia Dipl.-Chem. Matthias von Roman Lars Janoschek, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Hans-Christian Roth Veronika Schömig, M.Sc. Sebastian Schwaminger, M.Sc. Technical Staff Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Adrian Rauschenbach
Publications 2013-14 n Fraga Gracía P, Freiherr von Roman M, Reinlein S, Wolf M, Berensmeier S: Impact of nanoparticle aggregation on protein recovery through a pentadentate chelate ligand on magnetic carriers, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 6 (16), 13607–13616, 2014. n Janoschek L, Freiherr von Roman M, Berensmeier S: Protein A affinity precipitation of human immunoglobulin G, J Chromatogr B, 965, 72-78, 2014. n Freiherr von Roman M, Berensmeier S: Improving the binding capacities of protein A chromatographic materials by means of ligand polymerization, J Chromatogr A, 1347, 80-86, 2014. n Girrbach M, Meliciani I, Waterkotte B, Berthold S, Oster A, Brurein F, Strunk T, Wadhwani P, Berensmeier S, Wenzel W, Schmitz K: A fluorescence polarization assay for the experimental validation of an in silico model of the chemokine CXCL8 binding to receptor-derived peptides, Phys Chem Chem Phys, 16 (17), 8036-43, 2014. n Freiherr von Roman M, Koller A, von Rüden D, Berensmeier S: Improved extracellular expression and purification of recombinant Staphylococcus aureus protein A, Protein Expr Purif, 93, 87-92, 2014.
Reviews: n Peuker U, Thomas O, Hobley T, Franzreb M, Berensmeier S, Schäfer M, Hickstein B: Bioseparation, Magnetic particle adsorbents, book chapter, Encyclopedia of Industrial Biotechnology, John Wiley & Sons, 2010. n Heyd M, Kohnert A, Tan T-H, Nusser M, Kirschhöfer F, Brenner-Weiss G, Franzreb M, Berensmeier S: Development and trends of biosurfactans analysis and purification using rhamnolipids as example, review, Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 391(5), 1579-1590, 2008. n Berensmeier S: Magnetic particles for separation and purification of nucleic acid molecules, review, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 73, 495-504, 2006.
Bioseparation Engineering Group
57
Wind Energy Institute Wind energy technology
n The Wind Energy Institute (WEI) was founded in 2013. Focus of the Institute in its first year of operation was the development of a completely new teaching program in wind energy, consisting of several new dedi cated courses, and a cutting edge research activity.
Prof. Dr. Carlo L. Bottasso Contact www.wind.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.16681
WEI has defined four highly interconnected thrust areas where it is concentrating its research activities: simulation, testing, control and design. The Institute works both on basic scientific and application-oriented problems, often in close collaboration with industry. Areas of specific expertise embrace all main relevant scientific disciplines, including aerodynamics, structures, dynamics, materials, controls and electrical aspects. The Institute staff has also a unique experience in the development of scaled wind turbine and wind farm models for wind tunnel testing, which are among the most sophisticated ever developed for these applications. A highlight of the year was the award to TUM of the organization of Torque 2016,
the next edition of the main scientific conference in wind energy worldwide. The award of the organization of this major event is an important recognition of the standing of TUM in the wind energy scientific community, soon after the founding of WEI. Another highlight was the award of a contract with a major wind turbine manufacturer, which aims at demonstrating in the field a new wind sensing technology invented by WEI staff. The technology, which measures wind conditions by using load sensors available on board modern wind turbines, enables smart control strategies of individual machines or complete wind farms.
Scaled Wind Turbine and Wind Farm Testing WEI has developed a scaled experimental facility, for the simulation of wind turbines and wind farms in a boundary layer wind tunnel. This unique facility enables the conduction of experiments in aeroservoelasticity, the study of wakes, machine-to-machine interactions, and wind farm control for power maximization and load mitigation. The facility is highly instrumented, allowing for the collection of a wide range of high quality data, both regarding the flow conditions and the response of the machines. Such data can be used for the verification of performance of control strategies, as well as the validation of computational tools. The experimental setup is highly flexible, allowing for different machine configurations, operational scenarios, and the testing of different control algorithms used onboard the individual wind turbines or the whole wind farm. An ambitious plan of extremely interesting new experiments is planned for 2015 and 2016, including the demon 58
Wind Energy Institute
stration of wake deflection strategies that make use of the wind sensing technology developed by WEI. Projects n BMWi project compact wind ‘Erhöhung des Flächenenergieertrags in Windparks durch avancierte Anlagen- und Parkregelung’ n Industrial project ‘Wind Farm Control’ n One post-doc position (MSE seed funding)
Wind Sensing Technology WEI develops technology for the use of wind turbines as wind sensors. By the use of wind turbine response data, as provided by sensors installed on the blades or the nacelle, the technology computes in real-time the wind conditions at each machine, including wind speed, wind direction, vertical and horizontal shear, wake state (full, partial, no wake interference) and turbulence intensity. Such technology is capable of providing detailed information on the wind conditions, in support of improved operation of each machine or the whole wind farm through smart control strategies. This may lead to improved power output and power quality, and to fatigue load mitigation. The technology can also be used for very short time assessment and forecasting of wind conditions within a wind farm, with impact on operation and control of the power plant.
Projects n Industrial project ‘Wind Estimation from Rotor Loads’ n H2020 ETN Project AWESOME ‘Wind Energy Operation and Maintenance’ n One Ph.D. position (Chinese Scholarship Council)
Design of Wind Turbines WEI works on the development of automated multidisciplinary design software tools, with the goal of enabling the optimization of wind turbines, the effective exploration of the design space, the understanding of design trade-offs, as well as the evaluation of the impact of new technologies. Advancements in lightweight rotor design are being investigated through improvements in the aerodynamics, in the structural design and the use of smart sensing and control strategies. By the combination of these technologies, reduced ultimate and fatigue loads can be achieved and exploited for reducing weight and improving performance, thereby in turn reducing the cost of energy from wind.
Projects n Industrial Ph.D. project ‘Design of Very Large Light-Weight Rotors’
Wind Energy Institute
59
Research Focus n Modeling and simulation of wind energy systems n Multidisciplinary design n Aeroservoelasticity, loads and stability n Control of wind turbines and wind farms n Wind tunnel testing Competence n Multibody dynamics, computational mechanics, non-linear finite element methods n Model reduction and system identification n Design and synthesis of model-based controllers n Design and manufacturing of aeroelastically-scaled and actively controlled wind turbine models for wind tunnel testing n Data processing and analysis
Courses n Introduction to Wind Energy n Modeling, Control and Design of Wind Energy Systems n Wind Turbine Simulation n Wind Turbine Design n Aeroservoelasticity Management Professor Dr. Carlo L. Bottasso, Director Administrative Staff Elfriede Sabine Matzner Research Scientists Pietro Bortolotti, M.Sc. Stefano Cacciola, Ph.D. Filippo Campagnolo, Ph.D. Dr.-Ing. Mark Capellaro Vlaho Petrović, Dr. Sc. Jiangang ‘Jesse’ Wang, M.Sc.
Infrastructure n Scaled wind turbine and wind farm models n Model building lab n Computational lab
Publications 2013-14 Book Chapters n C.L. Bottasso, F. Campagnolo, A. Croce, C. Tibaldi, ‘Fatigue Damage Mitigation by the Integration of Active and Passive Load Control Techniques on Wind Turbines’, Wind Energy and the Impact of Turbulence on the Conversion Process, M. Hoelling, J. Peinke and S. Ivanell, Eds., Springer, ISBN: 9783-642-54695-2 (print), 978-3-642-54696-9 (online), 2014.
Peer-reviewed Journals n C.L. Bottasso, P. Montinari, ‘Rotorcraft Flight Envelope Protection by Model Predictive Control’, Journal of the American Helicopter Society, accepted, to appear, 2015. n C.L. Bottasso, C.E.D. Riboldi, ‘Validation of a Wind Misalignment Observer using Field Test Data’, Renewable Energy, 74:298-306, doi:10.1016/j. renene.2014.07.048, 2015. n C.L. Bottasso, P. Pizzinelli, C.E.D. Riboldi, ‘LiDAR-Enabled Model Predictive Control of Wind Turbines with Real-Time Capabilities’, Renewable Energy, 71:442-452, doi:10.1016/j. renene.2014.05.041, 2014.
60
Wind Energy Institute
n C.L. Bottasso, S. Cacciola, ‘Model Independent Periodic Stability Analysis of Wind Turbines’, Wind Energy, doi:10.1002/we.1735, 2014. n C.L. Bottasso, F. Campagnolo, V. Petrovic, ‘Wind Tunnel Testing of Scaled Wind Turbine Models: beyond Aerodynamics’, Journal of Wind Engineering & Industrial Aerodynamics, 127:11-28, doi:10.1016/j.jweia.2014.01.009, 2014. n C.L. Bottasso, S. Cacciola, X. Iriarte, ‘Calibration of Wind Turbine Lifting Line Models from Rotor Loads’, Journal of Wind Engineering & Industrial Aerodynamics, 124:29-45, doi:10.1016/j.jweia.2013.11.003, 2014. n C.L. Bottasso, C.E.D. Riboldi, ‘Estimation of Wind Misalignment and Vertical Shear from Blade Loads’, Renewable Energy, 62:293-302, doi:10.1016/j. renene.2013.07.021, 2014. n E. Asadi, C.L. Bottasso, ‘Tightly-Coupled Stereo Vision-Aided Inertial Navigation using Feature-Based Motion Sensors’, Advanced Robotics, doi:10.10 80/01691864.2013.870496, 2014. n C.L. Bottasso, S. Cacciola, X. Iriarte, ‘Calibration of Wind Turbine Lifting Line Models from Rotor Loads’, Journal of Wind Engineering & Industrial Aerodynamics, 124:29-45, doi:10.1016/j.jweia.2013.11.003, 2014.
n C.L. Bottasso, C.E.D. Riboldi, ‘Estimation of Wind Misalignment and Vertical Shear from Blade Loads’, Renewable Energy, 62:293-302, doi:10.1016/j. renene.2013.07.021, 2014. n C.L. Bottasso, A. Croce, C.E.D. Riboldi, M. Salvetti, ‘Cyclic Pitch Control for the Reduction of Ultimate Loads on Wind Turbines’, Journal of Physics: Conference Series 524 (2014) 012063, doi:10.1088/1742-6596/524/1/012063. n C.L. Bottasso, A. Croce, L. Sartori, F. Grasso, ‘Free-form Design of Rotor Blades’, Journal of Physics: Conference Series 524 (2014) 012041, doi:10.1088/1742-6596/524/1/012041. n C.L. Bottasso, A. Croce, C.E.D. Riboldi, ‘Optimal Shutdown Management’, Journal of Physics: Conference Series 524 (2014) 012050, doi:10.1088/1742-6596/524/1/012050. n V. Petrovic, C.L. Bottasso, ‘Wind Turbine Optimal Control During Storms’, Journal of Physics: Conference Series 524 (2014) 012052, doi:10.1088/1742-6596/524/1/012052. n F. Campagnolo, C.L. Bottasso, P. Bettini, ‘Design, Manufacturing and Characterization of Aero-Elastically Scaled Wind Turbine Blades for Testing Active and Passive Load Alleviation Techniques within an ABL Wind Tunnel’, Journal of Physics: Conference Series 524 (2014) 012061, doi:10.1088/17426596/524/1/012061. n E. Asadi, C.L. Bottasso, ‘Delayed Fusion for Real-Time Vision-Aided Inertial Navigation’, Journal of Real-Time Image Processing, Special Issue on Robot Vision, doi:10.1007/s11554-013-0376-8, 2013. n C.L. Bottasso, F. Luraghi, G. Maisano, M. Shaohua, ‘Global Solution of Optimization Problems in Rotorcraft Flight Mechanics’, Journal of Aerospace Engineering, doi:10.1061/(ASCE)AS.19435525.0000370, 2013. n C.L. Bottasso, F. Campagnolo, A. Croce, S. Dilli, F. Gualdoni, M.B. Nielsen, ‘Structural Optimization of Wind Turbine Rotor Blades by Multi-Level Sectional/ Multibody/3DFEM Analysis’, Multibody System Dynamics, doi:10.1007/s11044-013-9394-3, 2013. n C.L. Bottasso, F. Campagnolo, C. Tibaldi, ‘Optimization-Based Study of Bend-Twist Coupled Rotor Blades for Passive and Integrated Passive/Active Load Alleviation’, Wind Energy, 16:1149-1166, doi:10.1002/we.1543, 2013. n C.L. Bottasso, S. Cacciola, A. Croce, ‘Estimation of Blade Structural Properties from Experimental Data’, Wind Energy, 16:501-518, doi:10.1002/ we.1497, 2013. n C.L. Bottasso, A. Croce, C.E.D. Riboldi, Y. Nam, ‘Multi-Layer Control Architecture for the Reduction of Deterministic and Non-Deterministic Loads on Wind Turbines’, Renewable Energy, 51:159-169, 2013.
Journals with a National Editorial Board n C.L. Bottasso, ‘Design Optimization of Wind Turbine Blades’, Compositi Magazine, 30:8-19, 2013.
Plenary or Keynote Lectures at International Conferences n C.L. Bottasso, ‘The Role of Technological Innovation in the Future Growth of Wind Energy’, The Hemke Lecture 2014, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA, September 3, 2014.
n C.L. Bottasso, ‘Computational Tools for Wind Energy Systems, and their Validation and Calibration’, Plenary lecture, CWE 2014, 6th International Symposium on Computational Wind Engineering, Hamburg, Germany, June 8-12, 2014. n C.L. Bottasso, ‘Wind Energy: Trends, Challenges and Perspectives’, The Terawatt Challenge: What Research for our Future Energy?, International Symposium, Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Rome, November 5-6, 2013. n C.L. Bottasso, ‘Design: the Final Judge of Technological Innovation’, Keynote lecture, Future of Wind Power Symposium, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Garching near Munich, Germany, June 27, 2013. n C.L. Bottasso, ‘Validation and Calibration of Computational Tools for Wind Energy Systems’, Plenary lecture, GAMM 2013, 84th Annual Meeting of the International Association of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Novi Sad, Serbia, March 18-22, 2013.
International Conferences n P. Bortolotti, C.L. Bottasso, ‘Integrated AeroStructural Optimization of Wind Turbine Rotors’, Proceedings of the 10th PhD Seminar on Wind Energy, Orleans, France, October 28-31, 2014. n C.L. Bottasso, F. Campagnolo, V. Petrovic, S. Cacciola, ‘Wind Farm Cooperative Control: Methods and Experimental Verification’, Workshop on Cooperative Systems, Dubrovnik, Croatia, September 10-12, 2014. n C.L. Bottasso, P. Bortolotti, A. Croce, F. Gualdoni, L. Sartori, ‘Aero-Structural Design of Rotors’, 2014 Sandia Wind Turbine Blade Workshop, Albuquerque, NM, USA, August 26-28, 2014. n C.L. Bottasso, A. Croce, C.E.D. Riboldi, M. Salvetti, ‘Cyclic Pitch Control for the Reduction of Ultimate Loads on Wind Turbines’, The Science of Making Torque from Wind, Copenhagen, Denmark, June 18-20, 2014. n C.L. Bottasso, A. Croce, L. Sartori, F. Grasso, ‘Free-form Design of Rotor Blades’, The Science of Making Torque from Wind, Copenhagen, Denmark, June 18-20, 2014. n C.L. Bottasso, A. Croce, C.E.D. Riboldi, ‘Optimal Shutdown Management’, The Science of Making Torque from Wind, Copenhagen, Denmark, June 18-20, 2014. n V. Petrovic, C.L. Bottasso, ‘Wind Turbine Optimal Control During Storms’, The Science of Making Torque from Wind, Copenhagen, Denmark, June 18-20, 2014. n F. Campagnolo, C.L. Bottasso, P. Bettini, ‘Design, Manufacturing and Characterization of Aero-Elastically Scaled Wind Turbine Blades for Testing Active and Passive Load Alleviation Techniques within an ABL Wind Tunnel’, The Science of Making Torque from Wind, Copenhagen, Denmark, June 18-20, 2014. n C.L. Bottasso, F. Campagnolo, ‘An Experimental Facility for Wind Farm Control Testing’, Wind Farm Monitoring and Control Conference, London, UK, June 4-5, 2014. n C.L. Bottasso, S. Cacciola, ‘Estimation of Wind Turbine Model Properties - Towards the Validation of Comprehensive High-Fidelity Multibody Models’, EWEA 2014 Annual Event, Barcelona, Spain, March 10-13, 2014. n C.L. Bottasso, A. Croce, L. Sartori, F. Grasso, ‘FreeForm Aero-Structural Optimization of Rotor Blades’, poster, EWEA 2014 Annual Event, Barcelona, Spain, March 10-13, 2014.
Wind Energy Institute
61
n C.L. Bottasso, A. Croce, F. Gualdoni, ‘Simultaneous Structural Sizing of Wind Turbine Rotor and Tower’, poster, EWEA 2014 Annual Event, Barcelona, Spain, March 10-13, 2014. n C.L. Bottasso, F. Campagnolo, ‘Wind Turbine and Wind Farm Control Testing in a Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel’, SciTech 2014, AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition, 32nd ASME Wind Energy Symposium, Washington, DC, USA, January 13-17, 2014. n C.L. Bottasso, S. Cacciola, R. Riva, ‘Floquet Stability Analysis of Wind Turbines using Input-Output Models’, SciTech 2014, AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition, 32nd ASME Wind Energy Symposium, Washington, DC, USA, January 13-17, 2014. n F. Campagnolo, C.L. Bottasso, ‘Wind Tunnel Aeroelastic Models in Complex Terrains’, IEA R&D Wind Task 11 Topical Expert Meeting on Challenges of Wind Energy in Complex Terrain, University of Stuttgart, Germany, November 12-13, 2013. n V. Petrovic, C.L. Bottasso, ‘Loading Conditions in Complex Terrains and Load Alleviation Strategies’, IEA R&D Wind Task 11 Topical Expert Meeting on Challenges of Wind Energy in Complex Terrain, University of Stuttgart, Germany, November 12-13, 2013. n E. Asadi, C.L. Bottasso, ‘Delayed Fusion of Relative State Measurements by Extending Stochastic Cloning via Direct Kalman Filtering’, FUSION2013, International Conference on Information Fusion, Istanbul, Turkey, July 9-12, 2013.
62
Wind Energy Institute
n C.L. Bottasso, F. Campagnolo, A. Croce, F. Gualdoni, ‘Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of Wind Turbines by a Multibody/Cross-Sectional/FEM Integrated Approach’, ECCOMAS Thematic Confer ence on Multibody Dynamics, Zagreb, Croatia, July 1-4, 2013. n L. Sartori, F. Grasso, C.L. Bottasso, A. Croce, ‘Integration of Airfoil Design During the Design of New Blades’, ICOWES2013, International Conference on Aerodynamics of Offshore Wind Energy Systems and Wakes, Lyngby, Denmark, June 17-19, 2013. n C.L. Bottasso, P. Montinari, ‘Rotorcraft Flight Envelope Protection by Model Predictive Control’, AHS 69th Annual Forum and Technology Display, Phoenix, AZ, USA, May 21-23, 2013. n C.L. Bottasso, C.E.D. Riboldi, ‘Improved Wind Direction Measurement through Blade Loads’, AHS 69th Annual Forum and Technology Display, Phoenix, AZ, USA, May 21-23, 2013. n C.L. Bottasso, C.E.D. Riboldi, ‘Improved Wind Direction Measurement through Blade Loads’, EWEA 2013 Annual Event, Vienna, Austria, February 4-7, 2013. n C.L. Bottasso, P. Pizzinelli, C.E.D. Riboldi, ‘LiDAR-Enabled Real-Time Control of Wind Tur bines’, EWEA 2013 Annual Event, Vienna, Austria, February 4-7, 2013. n C.L. Bottasso, ‘Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of Wind Energy Systems’, NREL Wind Energy System Engineering Workshop, Boulder, CO, USA, January 29-30, 2013.
Institute for Carbon Composites Fundamental research on material behavior, processing technology and simulation of high performance composite materials
n The focus of the Institute for Carbon Composites in 2013-14 was to establish and strengthen its research program within the four research groups. The main goal was to explore new ways and possibilities to reduce the process cycle time and the raw material costs to be able to implement high performance composite structures in high volume applications. Different process technologies using e.g. tailored textiles and advanced matrix systems have been patented. New material models and process simulation methods have been developed and these were implemented in conventional software tools to enable advanced composites part and process design solutions.
Split Hopkinson bar equipment
We were honored to host the Symposium on the occasion of the 5th anniversary of the Institute for Carbon Composites from 11-12 September 2014 with more than 150 participants. Among 45 speakers 15 LCC doctoral candidates took the opportunity to present their latest research results. A highlight has been the selection of the LCC to align the most important scientific
conference in the field of fiber composites in Europe, the ECCM17 (European Conference of Composite Materials) in June 2016. A special highlight was the installation of our ‘Split hopkinson bar’ equipment, suitable for the identification of mechanical properties of composites under dynamic loading. In case of crash or impact events, composites structures are loaded very rapidly in a very short period of time, hence it is necessary to investigate the strain-rate dependent mechanical response for various dynamic loading cases. At the LCC stateof-the-art and uniquely flexible tension-, compression- and torsion-bar setups are available. At the LCC a uniquely flexible, state-of-the-art equipment is available to test under tensional, compressional as well torsional loading (scenarios).
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Klaus Drechsler Contact www.lcc.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.15092
Process Technology for Fibers and Textiles The ‘Process Technology for Fibers and Textiles’ group focuses on manufacturing processes that can arrange fibers in tailored orientations. Such processes allow the fibers to be aligned with the load paths within the composite component. We have three teams covering research into braiding technology, automated fiber placement and tailored textiles. We are utilizing highly developed and unique processing equipment that allows for the automated and reproducible manufactur ing of fiber preforms. Depending on the manufacturing method – dry fiber bundles,
Automated fiber placement equipment
pre-impregnated or dry fibrous tapes with binder as well as different textile fabrics are used as raw materials.
Institute for Carbon Composites
63
Automated Fiber Placement With two of most advanced fiber placement machines in the world, for both thermoplastic and thermoset materials, we are working on challenging components with complex geometries We are characterizing innovative materials and develop ing new design strategies for future fiber placement applications. Braiding Technology We are working on integrating our braiding equipment into a manufacturing cell to enable efficient and fully automated manufacturing of low-waste fiber preforms with enhanced material properties.
Tailored Textiles By combining innovative processes for the manufacturing of textiles, we are developing strategies for future preform production of net-shape, load-optimized composite fiber structures. Public Funded Projects n AIF project ‘C-Faser Papier’ n AIF project ‘C-Fahrradfelgen’ n AIF project ‘CoCo’ n STMWIVT project ‘ComBo’ n EU project ‘HIVOCOMP’ n BMBF project ‘SOWEMA’ n BMBF project ‘VisioM’ n BMBF project ‘MAIplast’ n BMBF project ‘MAIprofil’ n BMBF project ‘AIRCARBON II’ n BMBF project ‘MAItank’
Process Technology for Matrix Systems mental understanding of a wide range of possible manufacturing methods to achieve a cost, time and resource optimized production of fiber reinforced plastics.
The group ‘Process Technology for Matrix Systems’ addresses the robust and efficient processing of matrix systems for the production of fiber reinforced composite parts.
Hybrid material combination with thermoplastic films
Hybrid Materials and Structures The team ‘Hybrid Materials & Structures’ deals with the beneficial combination of different polymers (matrices), different reinforcing fibers and/or additional metallic components. Hybrid structures involve the design and the process layout in order to manufacture parts which consist of different materials or join multiple materials. Processes and Production Systems The aim of the ‘Processes and Production Systems’ Team is to enhance the funda-
64
Institute for Carbon Composites
Tooling Systems The consolidation of composite parts is carried out using molds. Consequently, molds bring together the part design and the processes. Because of this, the tool has a central role in the production of composites. The team ‘Tooling Systems’ does its research on the development of hollow components, the optimization of energy efficient molds and new methods for online process monitoring. Public Funded Projects n AIF project ‘HoMehr’ n BMBF project ‘FLAME’ n BMBF project ‘InFo’ n BMBF project ‘MAIplast’ n BMBF project ‘MAIfo’ n BFS project ‘FORCiM3A’ n BFS project ‘TIP’ n EU project ‘Disacop’ n EU project ‘LeeTorb’
Simulation The high potential in lightweight design of composite parts is challenged by the need for automation of the manufacturing processes, the reduction of cycle times and process costs. Modeling the manufactur ing process is an effective and flexible approach to understand and optimize the process long before the first prototype is built and to transfer the process information in the structural analysis of the part. The research in process simulation and structural analysis is accompanied by development of material characterization techniques (together with the testing group), the validation of the simulation approach on generic structures and its application on a part level. Forming and Flow Process Simulation Focuses on preforming processes such as braiding, draping and automated fiber placement as well as the simulation of the filling process of fibers, textiles and full scale parts.
Research Focus n Process technology for fibers and textiles n Process technology for matrix systems n Simulation n Material behavior and testing Competence The LCC takes an interdisciplinary approach to research, extending from the raw materials through implementation of manufacturing technologies to complete composite components. With specially developed simulation methods, the composite manufacturing process chain can be represented virtually.
Compaction, Curing and Consolidation Simulation Focuses on the thermal, mechanical as well as flow- and compaction-related phenomena and their impact on deviations in terms of geometry – process induced deformations (PID) – and the materials architecture such as void content. ‘Material Modeling and Structural Analysis’ focuses on the analysis of fiber-reinforced plastics as well as mechanical and bonded joints at different length scales. Public Funded Projects n DFG project ‘DR 204/5-1, G8’ n STMWIVT project ‘ComBo’ n BMBF project ‘MAIdesign’ n BMBF project ‘transhybrid’ n BMBF project ‘MAIprofil’ n BMBF project ‘MAIform’ n BMBF project ‘MAITAI’ n BMBF project ‘MAIhiras+handle’ n BFS project ‘FORCiM3A’ n EU project ‘LeeTorb’
Draping (left) and braiding (right) simulation
Courses n Materials and Process Technologies for Carbon Composites n Composite Materials and Structureproperty Relationship n Analysis and Design of Composite Structures n Production Technologies for Composite Parts n Process Simulation and Material Modeling of Composites n Carbon and Graphite – High Performance Materials for Key Industries n Supply Chain and Value Creation Composites
Infrastructure n Composite technical lab ‘Preforming and Thermoset Injection Technology’ n Composite technical lab ‘Thermoplastic Technology’ n Composite test labor n Computing cluster Institute for Carbon Composites
65
Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Klaus Drechsler, Director Dr. mont. Elisabeth Ladstätter Adjunct Professors Dr.-Ing. Oswin Öttinger Dr.-Ing. Christian Weimer Administrative and Technical Staff Stephanie Henne Cigdem Karakus Diana Zinke Gabriele Uruk Daniel Amrein, B.Sc. (FH) Helmut Josef Dick Georg Lerchl Michael Raithel, B.Sc. Thomas Witteczek Research Scientists Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Altmann Luciano Avila Gray, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Paul Bockelmann Dipl.-Ing. Michael Brand Dipl.-Ing. Philipp Bruckbauer Dipl.-Ing. Christoph Ebel Dipl.-Ing. Ludwig Eberl Dipl.-Ing. Stefan Ehard Charlotte Eisenhauer, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Ralf Engelhardt Dipl.-Ing. Philipp Fahr Dipl.-Ing. Petra Fröhlich Thorsten Gröne, MBA Dipl.-Ing. Thorsten Hans Dipl.-Des. (FH) Benjamin Hansbauer Dipl.-Ing. Tobias Harbers Dipl.-Ing. Mathias Hartmann Rhena Helmus, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Florian Henne
Dr. techn. Roland Hinterhölzl Dipl.-Ing. Philipp Hörmann Dipl.-Ing. Bernhard Horn Dipl.-Ing. Philipp Kammerhofer Dipl.-Ing. Kalle Kind Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Kollmannsberger Dr. Hannes Körber Theodosia Kourkoutsaki, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Jan Krollmann Peter Kuhn, M.Sc. Christian Lemke, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Roland Lichtinger Dipl.-Ing. Neven Majic Dipl.-Ing. Ulrich Mandel Alexane Margossian, M.Sc. Dipl.-Tech. Math. Natalie Mayer Dipl.-Ing. Reinhold Meier Dipl.-Ing. Felix Michl Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Andreas Mierzwa Dipl.-Ing. Maximilian Mitwalsky Dipl.-Ing. Johannes Neumayer Jonathan Oelhafen, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Philipp Picard Marina Plöckl, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Veronika Radlmaier Dipl.-Ing. Maximilian Schäfer Dipl.-Ing. Philipp Maximilian Schäfer Dipl.-Ing. David Schultheiß Dipl.-Ing. Alexander Schwingenschlögl Dipl.-Ing. Florian Springl Dipl.-Ing. Robin Taubert Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Daniel Teufl Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Tobias Wehrkamp-Richter Dipl.-Ing. Jakob Weiland Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Wettemann Dipl.-Ing. Swen Zaremba
Publications 2013-14 n Harbers, T.; Ebel, C.; Drechsler, K.; Endres, A.; Müller, G.: Highly efficient production and charac terization of CFRP made from recycled carbon fibers. SAMPE Journal 50 (3), 2014, 7-13 n Hörmann, P.; Stelzl, D.; Lichtinger, R.; Van Nieuwenhove, S.; Mazón Carro, G.; Drechsler, K.: On the numerical prediction of radiative heat transfer for thermoset automated fiber placement. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 67, 2014, 282-288
66
Institute for Carbon Composites
n Körber, H.; Xavier, J.; Camanho, P.P.; Essa, Y.E.; Martín de la Escalera, F.: High strain rate behaviour of 5-harness-satin weave fabric carbon-epoxy composite under compression and combined compression-shear loading. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 2014 n Lichtinger, R.; Hörmann, P.; Stelzl, D.; Hinterhölzl, R.: The effects of heat input on adjacent paths during automated fibre placement. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2014
n Margossian, A.; Bel, S.; Balvers, J.M.; Leutz, D.; Freitas, R.; Hinterhölzl, R.: Finite element forming simulation of locally stitched non-crimp fabrics. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 61, 2014, 152-162 n Meier, R.; Walbran, A.; Hahn, C.; Zaremba, S.; Drechsler, K.: Methods to determine the per meability of textile reinforcements. Journal of Plastics Technology, 2014 n Meier, R.; Zaremba, S. et al.: Experimental determination of the permeability of engineering textiles: Benchmark II. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 61, 2014, 172-184 n Haugk, B.; Körber, C.; Drechsler, K.: Fibre reinforced plastics (FRPs) in machine tool building: Identification of potential applications. Journal of Plastics Technology 2013 (01), 2013, 1-20 n Heim, D.; Hartmann, M.; Neumayer, J.; Klotz, C.; Ahmet-Tsaous, Ö.; Zaremba, S.; Drechsler, K.: Novel method for determination of critical fiber length in short fiber carbon/carbon composites by double lap joint. Composites Part B: Engineering 54, 2013, 365-370 n Lichtinger, R.; Lacalle, J.; Hinterhölzl, R.; Beier, U.; Drechsler, K.: Simulation and experimental validation of gaps and bridging in the Automated Fiber Placement process. Science and Engineering of Composite Materials, 2013, 1-18 n Lomov, S. V.; Verpoest, I.; Cichosz, J.; Hahn, C.; Ivanov, D. S.; Verleye, B.: Meso-level textile composites simulations: Open data exchange and scripting. Journal of Composite Materials 48, 2013, 621-63 n Engelhardt, R.; Hörmann, P.; Rinker, F.; Weyerer, G.; Drechsler, K.: Analysis of the cost efficiency of Automated Fiber Placement based on an extensive process breakdown. SEICO 14-35th International Technical Conference & Forum ‘Low Cost Composite Processing, from Aerospace OOA to Auto motive Thermoplastic’, 2014 n Harbers, T.; Ebel, C.; Drechsler, K.; Endres, A.; Müller, G.: Wetlaid nonwovens as a resource-efficient manufactured semifinished product for composite structures made from recycled carbon fibers. CRETE 2014, 2014 n Hartmann, M.; Hinterhölzl, R.: Process Induced Deformations – A study on sandwich panels. SAMPE Seattle 2014, 2014 n Henne, F.; Ehard, S.; Kollmannsberger, A.; Hoeck, B.; Sause, M.; Drechsler, K.: Thermoplastic in situ fiber placment for future solid rocket motor casing manufacturing. SAMPE Europe SETEC 14, 2014 n Kourkoutsaki, T.; Upadhyay, R.; Hinterhölzl, R.; Comas-Cardona, S.; Binetruy, C.: Air evacuation in consolidation modeling of Out-of-Autoclave prepregs. FPCM12 – 12th International Conference on Flow Processing in Composite Materials, 2014 n Lemke, C.; Wolfahrt, M.; Reppe, M.; Zaremba, S.; Drechsler, K.: Disassembly of fusion-bonded thermoplastic composite structures. SAMPE Europe SETEC 14, 2014 n Margossian, A.; Ding, M.; Avila Gray, L.; Bel, S.; Hinterhölzl, R.: Flexural characterisation of unidirectional thermoplastic tapes using a Dynamic Mechanical Analysis system. ECCM16 – 16th European Conference on Composite Materials, 2014 n Mayer, N.; Hinterhölzl, R.; Prowe, J.: Finite Element mapping for a structural analysis of composites. ECCM16 – 16th European Conference on Compos ite Materials, 2014
n Mitwalsky, M.; Lee, S.; Veihelmann, B.; Brand, M.; Ebel, C.; Drechsler, K.: Online Tow spreading in the braiding process. SEICO 14-35th International Technical Conference & Forum ‘Low Cost Composite Processing, from Aerospace OOA to Automotive Thermoplastic’, 2014 n Radlmaier, V.; Henne, F.; Ladstätter, E.: Novel environmentally friendly manufacturing approach for thermoplastic composite helicopter doors. Greener Aviation 2014 Conference, 2014 n Altmann, A.; Zaremba, S.; Hinterhölzl, R.; Drechsler, K.: Novel injection process for long fiber compos ites using rotation. ICCM19 – 19th International Conference on Composite Materials, 2013 n Bel, S.; Margossian, A.; Leutz, D.; Beier, U.; Hinterhölzl, R.; Drechsler, K.: Validation of local stitching simulation for stitched NCF ply stacks. ICCM19 – 19th International Conference on Composite Materials, 2013 n Bender, B.; Ehard, S.; Žika, M.; Middendorf, P.: Stoffschlüssiges Fügen von Aluminium und CFK durch die Epoxidharz Matrix für die Herstellung hybrider Strukturbauteile. DGM – 19. Symposium Verbundwerkstoffe und Werkstoffverbunde, 2013 n Cichosz, J.; Bückle, J.; Hinterhölzl, R.; Wolfahrt, M.: Predicting the constitutive behavior of biaxial braided composites using beam unit cells. ICCM19 – 19th International Conference on Composite Materials, 2013 n Cichosz, J.; Huber, X.; Hinterhölzl, R.: Off-axis testing of biaxial braided composites. TexComp-11, 2013 n Ebel, C.; Brand, M.; Drechsler, K.: Effects of fiber damage on the efficiency of the braiding process. TexComp-11, 2013 n Hahn, C.; Winterstein, E.; Straumit, I.; Plank, B.; Hinterhölzl, R.; Lomov, S.; Binetruy, C.: A simulation approach of permeability determination using computed tomography scans. TexComp-11, 2013 n Hartmann, M.; Strebinger, M.; Hinterhölzl, R.: An approach towards a basic materials character ization for the simulation of Process Induced Deformations. ICCM19 – 19th International Conference on Composite Materials, 2013 n Heimbs, S.; Mierzwa, A.; Duwensee, T.; Nogueira, A.C.; Breu, C.; May, M.; Less, C.; Wolfrum, J.: Investigation of static and dynamic failure behaviour of composite T-joints. Composites 2013 - 4th ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on the Mechanical Response of Composites, 2013 n Hörmann, P.; Lichtinger, R.; Stelzl, D.; Drechsler, K.: Experimental investigation of heat transfer during thermoset Automated Fiber Placement. SEICO13 – 34th International Technical Conference & Forum ‘Advanced Composites on its way to industrialization’, 2013 n Meier, R.; Kirdar, X.; Rudolph, N.; Zaremba, S.; Drechsler, K.: Investigation of the shear thinning behavior of epoxy resins for utilization in vibration assisted Liquid Composite Molding processes. PPS29 – 29th International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society, 2013 n Schultheiß, D.; Becker, X.; Ebel, C.; Zaremba, S.; Drechsler, K.: A novel composition for removable internal tooling of hollow composite structures. ICCM19 – 19th International Conference on Composite Materials, 2013 n Wehrkamp-Richter, T.; Humbs, M.; Schultheiss, D.; Hinterhölzl, R.: Damage characterization of triaxial braided composites under tension using full-field strain measurement. ICCM19 – 19th International Conference on Composite Materials, 2013
Institute for Carbon Composites
67
Mechanics & High Performance Computing Group Parallel algorithms and high performance computing in computational continuum mechanics
n The focus of the Mechanics & High Performance Computing Group in 2013-14 was to develop and establish several new methods and models in the field of computational modeling of solid-fluid interaction algorithms, cardiovascular phenomena and disease as well as in the product development of vascular assist devices. Additionally, a new methodology for the efficient solution of highly convective systems of equations based on a new type of algebraic multigrid was developed.
Prof. Dr. Michael W. Gee
A highlight is the start of the BFS funded research project ‘Reverse Remodeling Through Epicardial Augmentation’, the start of the IGSSE Focus Area on Biomaterials and our interdisciplinary project
‘A Multiscale Model of Atherosclerosis’. In addition, progress in the development of AMG methods for convection dominated systems of equations was achieved.
Contact www.mhpc.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.10366
Algebraic Multigrid for Convection Dominated Problems In many fields of our research there is a desperate need for fast and efficient solvers. Multigrid methods are among the best methods for solving symmetric positive definite systems. However, for many applications (CFD, transport) convective phenomena play an important role and may dominate the whole process. Convective terms result in nonsymmetric linear systems that often turn out to be very challenging for iterative solving methods. We develop a new framework for algebraic multigrid preconditioners that is also appropriate for these kinds of
nonsymmetric systems. Furthermore it provides flexibility that allows the continued development of robust AMG.
Functional Modeling of the Heart and an Extravascular Assist Device (VAD) Since the number of transplantable hearts is decreasing and current heart assist device technologies lack secure and robust applicability, a novel extravascular ventricular assist device is being developed in close collaboration between AdjuCor GmbH and MHPC. To optimize design and function as well as to minimize vulnerable interaction with the heart, we develop accurate 3D patient-specific finite element models of the ventricles with coupling to the circulatory system and further model the interplay with the ventricular assist device.
68
Mechanics & High Performance Computing Group
Coupling Methods and Time Integration in Fluid-Structure Interaction
Numerical analysis of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) phenomena plays an important role in many fields of applications like civil, mechanical, aerospace or biomechanical engineering. All these disciplines deal with highly dynamic problems, where a stable and accurate time integration is crucial. The computational efficiency of the applied algorithms is of great interest,
especially when it comes to large-scale applications. For some numerically very challenging FSI problems we could show that monolithic coupling schemes out perform partitioned approaches. The efficiency of the monolithic scheme is based on newly developed iterative solvers for the coupled linear system of equations. We aim at developing implicit time integration strategies for FSI problems with good stability, accuracy and efficiency properties. Implicit schemes seem to be appropriate for this type of problem. In order to gain more efficiency and reduce the computational costs, adaptive time stepping procedures are very promising, especially when large scale nonlinear problems are in the focus of interest.
Image Registration and Inverse Analysis
Image registration plays a key role in a broad variety of clinical and industrial applications whenever information is encoded by images. Especially in clinical applications the acquisition of information is highly based on imaging techniques,
such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) or ultrasound. However, the bijective characteristic of a transformation, i.e. the unique and invertible mapping of material particles, is not captured by the above mentioned clinical imaging techniques. Thus image registration for deformation estimation constitutes an ill-posed inverse problem which is in need of regularization strategies. We focus on the application of ‘measurements’ from image registration in material parameter estimation for finite element models. Inverse analysis provides a method to estimate material parameters according to a given reference solution, i.e. ‘measurements’. These measurements can be obtained non-invasively, e.g. by extracting deformation information from medical images.
Mechanics & High Performance Computing Group
69
A Multiscale Model of Atherosclerosis A multiscale and multidisciplinary approach to the mechanobiology of atherosclerosis is taken that is based on computational techniques and experimental calibration and verification as well as in vivo molecular imaging. The biological processes involved take place at the (sub) cellular length scale and will be assessed experimentally by histology by our project partners from Klinikum rechts der Isar. Based on the imaged 3D geometries, macroscopic computational fluid-solid interaction models with transport and diffusion of species and cells supply an understanding of the local mechanical conditions which can then be correlated to the biological findings. A computational microscopic biological model will be implemented in a stochastic cellular potts model which will be coupled to the
Research Focus n High performance parallel computing and efficient algorithms n Parallel algorithms and scalable software n Inverse problems n Numerical models in vascular bio mechanics and mechanobiology Competence n Computational continuum mechanics n Design and realization of parallel software n Coupled multifield problems n Algebraic multigrid methods n Biomechanics and mechanobiology n Soft image registration and inverse problems Infrastructure n Linux-based mid-size HPC system
70
Mechanics & High Performance Computing Group
macroscopic continuum representation of the region of interest in a multiscale framework. Imaging of several stenoses in mice as well as carefully designed in vitro experiments are applied to test the hypotheses of the model, calibrate its behavior and evaluate its predictive capabilities.
Courses n Engineering Mechanics 1 (Bachelor MSE) n Engineering Mechanics 2 (Bachelor MSE) n Advanced Parallel Computing and Solvers in Engineering (Master Maschinenwesen) Management Prof. Dr. Michael W. Gee Administrative Staff Cornelia Kirsten Research Scientists Dipl.-Ing. Marc Hirschvogel Dip.-Phys. Lasse Jagschies Dipl.-Ing. Sebastian Kehl Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Mayr Moritz Thon, M.Sc.
Publications 2013-14 n Biehler, J., Gee, M.W., Wall, W.A. (2014): Towards Efficient Uncertainty Quantification in Complex and Large Scale Biomechanical Problems based on a Bayesian Multi Fidelity Scheme, Biomechanics & Modeling in Mechanobiology, published online ahead of print. n Mayr, M., Klöppel, T., Wall, W.A., Gee, M.W. (2014): A Temporal Consistent Monolithic Fluid-Structure Interaction Approach Enabling Single Field Predictors, SIAM J. Scientific Computing, in press. n Reeps, C., Kehl, S., Tanios, F., Maier, A., Biehler, J., Pelisek, J., Wall, W.A., Eckstein, H.H., Gee, M.W. (2014): Biomechanics and Gene Expression in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm, J. Vascular Surgery, in press. n Popp, A., Seitz, A., Gee, M.W., Wall, W.A. (2013): Improved robustness and consistency of 3D contact algorithms based on a dual mortar approach, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 264, 67-80.
n Ismail, M., Wall, W.A., Gee, M.W. (2013): AdjointBased Inverse Analysis of Windkessel Parameters of Patient-Specific Vascular Models, Journal of Computational Physics, 244, 113-130. n Wiesner, T., Tuminaro, R.S., Wall, W.A., Gee, M.W. (2014): Multigrid Transfers for Nonsymmetric Systems Based on Schur Complements and Galerkin Projections, Numerical Linear Algebra with Applications, 21, 415-438. n Reeps, C., Maier, A., Pelisek, J., Haertl, F., Wall, W.A., Gee, M.W (2013): Measuring and Modeling Patient-Specific Distributions of Material Properties in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Wall, Computer Biomechanics & Modeling in Mechanobiology, 12, 717-733.
Mechanics & High Performance Computing Group
71
Institute of Non-destructive Testing Quality control, non-destructive testing and structural health monitoring
n The focus of the Institute of Non-Destructive Testing in the field of mechanical engineering in 2013-14 was to establish NDT methods for the inspection of fiber reinforced materials (CFRC and GFRC) together with partners in the automotive and aeronautic industry.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Christian U. Große
Other applications are in the field of wind turbines (rotor blades, tower and basement). In civil engineering, the focus was on inspection techniques for constructions of the infrastructure, the development of self-healing techniques for concrete and for the detection of vertical cracks in concrete pavements of highways (solving the blow-up problem).
Contact Optical lock-in thermography of composites in aircraft structures. Photo: Werner Bachmeier, TU München
www.zfp.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.27221
Projects: MAI ZfP
Optical lock-in thermography of a carbon composite front hood. Photo: Werner Bachmeier, TU München
The leading edge cluster, MAI Carbon provides the unique opportunity to promote non-destructive testing of fiber-reinforced polymers on a large scale and to establish them in an industrial environment. Within the aerospace context, non-destructive testing has already been used successfully for years. However, its usage on fiber-reinforced polymers in automobile manufacturing and engineering is still
72
Institute of Non-destructive Testing
in the early stages. At the same time, requirements vary widely within the industrial sectors and therefore require new approaches to testing. Quantities, which the aerospace industry produces in a year, may be produced daily in automobile manufacturing. The objective of the MAI ZfP project is to investigate which testing methods are applicable in this context. Technical aspects as well as economic factors influence the assessment. The overall goal is cost reduction in component production in order to further increase the competitiveness of German companies. Numerous NDT techniques are applied during the project including ultrasound in reflection (phased-array), optical lock-in thermography, modal-analysis, video endoscopy, local acoustic resonance spectroscopy, acoustic emission and eddy current.
Projects: HEALCON Since 2013 the project Healcon – Selfhealing materials for prolonged lifetime – is sponsored by the European Commission in the seventh framework programme. The aim is the development of structures made of self-healing concrete having an inherent healing mechanism that becomes active when a crack appears, thus rendering manual crack repair completely obsolete. In order to obtain such automatic crack closure, HEALCON European Project Partners are investigating the use of PU-based polymer precursors, superabsorbent polymers and bacteria. The role of the Institute of Non-destructive Testing is the support of the design of such healing agents as well as the development of testing methods as tools for the stakehol-
Acoustic emission analysis of a concrete beam during a three-point bending test. Photo: Werner Bachmeier, TU München
ders to proof the self-healing efficiency. Methods used in this context are the acoustic emission technique, ultrasound in through-transmission, vibration testing and microwave or RADAR techniques.
Projects: MEMIN
Through-transmission method of impact damages to a natural stone block. Photo: Heike Geigl, cbm
The collision of solid bodies is one of the most fundamental geological processes in our solar system. The research unit FOR 887 MEMIN (Multidisciplinary Experimental and Modeling Impact Crater Research Network) financed by the German Re search Foundation (DFG) is aimed at understanding the dynamics of hypervelocity impact processes and the formation of meteorite craters by means of exper imental and numerical techniques. The
funding of this research unit (Forschergruppe) was extended in 2013 for three more years. Experimental impact struc tures are investigated using Non-Destructive Testing methods on the laboratory scale that are comparable to geophysical prospection methods. Techniques using ultrasound or electromagnetic waves can help to characterize the damage zone underneath the crater structure and determine its extent. The techniques also have the potential (together with modal analysis) to characterize petro-physical material properties or to determine the layers of a stratified target. These data are important for comparing the influence of different material (target) parameters on the formation of craters, crater substruc tures or damage zones. The experimentally gathered data will help further on to both verify and constrain numerical modeling results of crater formation, and to determine input parameters for the modeling.
Institute of Non-destructive Testing
73
Research Focus n Material testing using non-destructive techniques in mechanical and civil engineering, automotive, aeronautics, bio engineering n Development and improvement of NDT techniques n Structural health monitoring n Sensor characterization and sensor combinations Competence n Inspection techniques: ultrasound, RADAR, infrared thermography, micro waves, eddy current; video endoscopy, radiography, high speed camera n Monitoring techniques: acoustic emission, vibration techniques (laser vibrometry); modal analysis, wired and wireless monitoring n Simulation of non-destructive test methods Infrastructure n NDT laboratory with contemporary NDT equipment, sensors and cameras. n Calibration facilities; modelling tools. n 14 different mechanical testing ma chines, microscopes
Courses n Material Science II n Munich School of Engineering n Non-destructive Testing in Civil Engineering n Applications in Non-destructive Testing n NDT Seminar Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Christian Große, Director Sonja Hafenmayer, Secretary Research Scientists Dipl.-Ing. Philipp Jatzlau Sebastian Heckner, M.Sc., external Christian Geiss, M.Sc., external Dipl.-Geophys. Robin Groschup Denis Kiefel, M.Sc., external Fabian Malm, M.Sc. Manuel Raith, M.Sc. Dipl.-Phys. Martin Radlmeier, external Technical Staff Franziska Gemander Sebastian Münchmeyer Marina Nahm
Publications 2013-14 n D. Moser, N. Güldemeister, K. Wünnemann, C.U. Grosse: Acoustic Emission Analysis of Experimental Impact Processes in Comparison to Ultrasound Measurements and Numerical Modeling, J. of Acoustic Emission 31, Nr 1, 50–66 (2013). n A. Jüngert, C.U. Grosse, M. Krüger: Local Acoustic Resonance Spectroscopy (LARS) for Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Applications, Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation 32, No. 1 (2013), 23-33. n C.U. Grosse, K. Van Tittelboom, N. De Belie: Non-destructive testing techniques for the observation of healing effects in cementitious materials – an introduction. 4th International Conference on Self-Healing Materials - ICSHM 2013, Abstract ID No: CM-02. n C.U. Grosse, T. Schumacher: Anwendungen der Schallemissionsanalyse an Betonbauwerken. Bautechnik 90 (11), 721-731, 2013, ISSN 0932-8351 A1556 n D. Moser, M. H. Poelchau, F. Stark, C.U. Grosse: Application of nondestructive testing methods to study the damage zone underneath impact craters of MEMIN laboratory experiments, Meteoritics & Planetary Science 48, Nr 1, 87–98 (2013).
74
Institute of Non-destructive Testing
n C.U. Grosse, F. Malm: Development and testing of concrete with properties to repair itself. BFT International (80), No. 2, ISSN: 0373-4331, 2014, 20-24. n J. Ozbolt, C.U. Grosse R. Richter: Combined acoustic emission and simulation approach to study fracture behavior of concrete under fire load. VIII International Conference on Fracture Mechanics of Concrete and Concrete Structures FraMCoS-8 (2013) http://framcos.org/FraMCoS-8/p299.pdf. n K. Van Tittelboom, N. De Belie, F. Lehmann, C.U. Grosse: Use of acoustic emission analysis to evaluate the self-healing capability of concrete. In Non-destructive Testing of Materials and Structures, ISBN: 978-94-007-0723-8, Springer Publ. (2013), 51-58. n M. Raith, C.U. Grosse: Sonification of acoustic emission data. EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts 16, 11199 (2014).
Institute for Materials Handling, Material Flow, Logistics Basic and applied research in logistics engineering
n The Institute for Materials Handling, Material Flow and Logistics perceives itself as an open research institution aiming to contribute to the scientific progress in the areas of material flow technology and logistics engineering.
Stacker crane manufactured from carbon-fiberreinforced plastic
Taking into account current economic, ecological, social and technological developments such as continuing volatility of the markets, changing demography and technological innovations, the focus of the Institute in 2013-2014 was on design
ing adaptive/flexible, sustainable and human-oriented/humane logistics systems and technology. One highlight was the launch of the first automated storage and retrieval crane manufactured almost entirely from carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic. Using lightweight materials, the weight of the stacker crane mast was reduced by 55% compared to conventional technology, the ratio of load capacity to actual weight was improved significantly. In combination with intelligent concepts for energy recuper ation this leads to a reduction of energy demand of up to 17% percent and thus significant savings in energy consumption.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dipl.-Wi.-Ing. Willibald A. Günthner Contact www.fml.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.15921
Innovative Conveyor Technology display in automobiles, as investigated in the research project ‘Einsatz der Augmented-Reality-Technologie zur Unterstützung des Fahrers von Flurförderzeugen’. Recent studies performed at the Insitute fml show potential for industrial applications especially to simplify forklift truck operations in areas that are difficult to observe and for inexperienced drivers.
Displaying of information on forklift truck front pane
High throughput, low energy consumption, high flexibility and ergonomic design are fundamental requirements for up-todate conveyor technology. An important research area is the design of intuitive assistance systems and human-machineinterfaces for conveyor technology. One example is the application of augmented reality technologies to display information on the front pane of forklift trucks approximately comparable to a head-up
Projects n Das Staplerauge (AIF) n Untersuchung und Modellierung der Schwingungsübertragung von Flur förderzeugreifen (AIF) n Einsatz der Augmented-Reality-Technologie zur Unterstützung des Fahrers von Flurförderzeugen (AIF) n Hochgeschwindigkeitsfördersystem für Großladungsträger (AIF-ZIM) n BioChipFeeding – Wood chip feeding technology of the future for small-scale biomass boilers (EU)
Institute for Materials Handling, Material Flow, Logistics
75
Sustainable Logistics Systems Sustainability is one of the biggest future challenges forced by environmental, economic and social developments; it is ranked among the so-called megatrends. This applies also to the field of logistics. Above all in the stages of planning and running a logistical system, aspects of sustainability, i.e. the equipment’s energy consumption, have to be considered. For this reason we develop models for predicting the energy consumption of various means of conveyance. Furthermore upcoming concepts are evaluated regarding their characteristics in terms of sustainability. In this context the investigation of fuel cell driven ground conveyors is one example. Another research project, namely ‘Wirtschaftliche und ökologische Potenziale von Hochregallagern aus Holz’, compares the sustainability of high bay warehouses built of wood with traditional constructions made of steel. Based on the results standardized calculation models for constructing wooden high bay warehouses are derived.
High bay warehouse constructed from wood (Alnatura, Photographer Marc Doradzillo)
Projects n Wirtschaftliche und ökologische Potenziale von Hochregallagern aus Holz (AIF) n Das CO2-neutrale Logistikzentrum – Entwicklung von ganzheitlichen Handlungsempfehlungen für energie effiziente Logistikzentren (AIF) n Erweiterte Logistiksystemplanung unter Einbeziehung des Energieverbrauchs (AIF) n H2IntraDrive – Einsatz von wasserstoffbetriebenen Flurförderzeugen in der Intralogistik unter Produktionsbedingungen (NOW)
Planning and Control of Material Flow Systems
Network topology of a decentral warehouse management system in a small, heterogenous warehouse
76
Institute for Materials Handling, Material Flow, Logistics
Material flow systems are more and more complex due to the necessity of high flexibility and fast modification and extension of the systems according to changing customer/user needs. In conventional material flow systems, these modifications may result in long periods of unproductive reconstruction and reprogramming. Decentralized control systems aim on breaking this paradigm and enable fast and simple adaptations of material flow systems. In the DFG research project ‘Dezentrale Lagerverwaltung für wandlungsfähige logistische Systeme’ the decentralized control logic was translated to higher-level warehouse management systems. Intelligent containers know communicate important information, e.g. their position and transport destination. If information concerning a specific are of the
warehouse, e.g., inventory data is needed, this data is retrieved and consolidated in an ad-hoc manner from the individual containers. Warehouse management systems thus are scalable and adaptable when warehouses are modified and can easily be extended by new functions. Projects n Dezentrale Lagerverwaltung für wandlungsfähige logistische Systeme (DFG) n Entwicklung einer agentenbasierten Methodik zur Terminplanoptimierung im Bauwesen unter Berücksichtigung ressourcenabhängiger Prozesslängen (DFG) n FAUST – Fertigungssynchrone Ablaufsimulation von Unikatbaustellen im Spezialtiefbau (BFS) n Optimierung von Entladestrategien bei der Schüttgut-Schiffsentladung (AIF)
n Kennzahlensystem Materialflusseffi zienz in der Automobillogistik (VW) n Flexibilitätssteuerung der InboundLogistik im volatilen Umfeld der Nutzfahrzeugindustrie (MAN.TUM) n ForFood TP6 – Sichere und effiziente Supply-Chain in der Lebensmittelindustrie durch einen intelligenten Behälter (BFS) n Trailerkonzepte für B- und C-Teilefamilien (MAN.TUM) n Routenzüge im Kontext hoher Sachnummernschwankungen (BMW) n OptiMAL – Optimale Planung manueller Lagersysteme (AIF) n IntegRoute – Ganzheitliche Konzept auswahl für Routenzugsysteme zur Produktionsversorgung – Integrierte Bewertung von Prozess und Technik (AIF)
Industry 4.0 The increasing demand for highly customizable products presents new challenges to production and material handling systems that have to deal with a larger number of product variants. To respond to the challenge of the constantly rising complexity of today’s systems, the launch of the Industry 4.0 aims at the deployment of autonomous cyber physical systems (CPS). These systems enable the efficient management of complexity, while maintaining their flexibility and adaptability to a fast changing production environment. The Institute fml has developed a research area that focuses on supporting the design of such innovative solutions and their integration to existing complex systems. Special focus is given to the study of the implications that the introduction of CPS has to the planning process of modern warehouse facilities. In this direction, a cloud-based software platform was developed, that enables collaboration between manufacturers at designing and testing of heterogeneous decentralized controlled systems, prior to their deployment.
Using Google Glass to support order picking processes in a warehouse
Projects n KoDeMat – Befähigung von KMU zur kollaborativen Planung und Entwicklung heterogener, dezentral gesteuerter Materialflusssysteme (AIF) n Pick-by-Local-Light – Einsatz von Drahtlossensornetzen in der Kommissionierung (AIF) n ToolCloud – Unternehmensübergreifendes Lebenszyklusmanagement für Werkzeuge in der Cloud mittels eindeutiger Kennzeichnung und Identifikation (BMBF) n RFID MobiVis – Mobile RFID-Lesefelderfassung (AIF) Institute for Materials Handling, Material Flow, Logistics
77
Humans in Logistics Demographic changes and fluctuation of employees lead to new challenges in the design of logistics workplaces. Workflows must be fail-proof, motivating and efficient while at the same time employees’ physical and mental stress must be reduced. Research topics at the Institute fml focus on the assessment of physical load at logistics workplaces using different approaches, and on their ergonomic design on the one hand. In a second line of research, namely in the joint research project ‘GameLog – Gamification in der Intralogistik’ with the Chair of Education and Educational Psychology of the Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, a totally new approach to foster logistic staff’s motivation in logistics workplaces is investigated: gamification. Game elements and mechanics, e.g. avatars, badges and high-score lists are integrated into order-picking processes. Laboratory studies show a significant increase in employees’ motivation and at the same time a reduction in picking errors and picking time. In the next years, this promising concept will also be tested in industrial applications and possibly integrated into commercial warehouse management systems.
Game characters in order-picking game
Projects n Ergo-Jobrotation – Planungsmethodik für eine ergonomisch optimale Jobrotation in der Intralogistik (AIF) n Erweiterung System vorbestimmter Zeiten zur Bewertung der Arbeitsbelastung in der Intralogistik (MAN.TUM) n GameLog – Gamification in der Intralogistik (AIF) n ErgoKom – Entwicklung und technische Integration einer Bewertungsmethodik zur Ermittlung von Mitarbeiterbelastungen in Kommissioniersystemen (AIF) n ErgoWMS – Erstellung einer ergonomischen Lagerstrategie und -organisation durch ein Arbeitslast analysierendes Warehouse Management System (AIF)
Crane Engineering and Design of Load-supporting Structures Research in the fields of crane engineering and design of load-supporting structures has a long tradition at the Institute fml. One recent research topic is investigated in the DFG project ‘Systematischer Vergleich der dynamischen Beanspruchungen von Gittermast-Fahrzeugkranen mit den Ergebnissen der quasistatischen Auslegung nach DIN EN 13001’. The project aimed on determining the maximum dynamic stresses in the operations hosting, luffing and slewing for a representative selection of boom combinations and boom positions of lattice-boom cranes, using dynamic finite element calculations. These results are 78
Institute for Materials Handling, Material Flow, Logistics
Finite element model of a lattice boom crawler crane
compared with the results calculated according to the relevant standards. The evaluation of component utilizations and stresses of the dynamic and quasistatic calculations showed partly large differences between the two types of calculation. The slewing process revealed the biggest differences, followed by hoisting and luffing. This led to the development of oscillation models to determine the dynamic-factors, which enable optimized quasi-static calculations. The dynamic loads during slewing and luffing are modelled significantly better than using the approaches of the current standards.
This allowed the department fml of the TUM to create new approaches, which are expected to significantly increase the accuracy of the calculation of lattice boom cranes.
Research Focus n Innovative conveyor technology n Sustainable logistics systems n Planning and control of material flow systems n Industry 4.0 n Humans in logistics n Crane engineering and design of load-supporting structures
Courses n CAD and Machine Drawing I+II n Materials Handling and Material Flow Technology n Planning of Technical Logistics Systems n Machine System Technology n Material Flow and Logistics n Logistics in the Automotive Industry n Ropeway Technology n Development Process for Mobile Machine Tools n Conveying of Bulk Goods
Competence n Logistics planning n RFID systems n Virtual and augmented reality n Real time location systems n FEM and MKS n Simulation of logistics systems
Projects n Systematischer Vergleich der dynamischen Beanspruchungen von Gittermast-Fahrzeugkranen mit den Ergebnissen der quasistatischen Auslegung nach DIN EN 13001 (DFG) n KALOS – Integral-Hebesystem zur kranlosen Errichtung und Wartungsabsenkung einer Windenergieanlage (BMU)
Infrastructure n Augmented reality picking zone n Automatic small parts storage system n Electric monorail n Industrial robot n Kardex shuttle XP 700 n Mechanic workshop n RFID testing equipment n Testing facility for high-performance screw conveyors n Virtual reality laboratory
Institute for Materials Handling, Material Flow, Logistics
79
Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dipl.-Wi.-Ing. Willibald A. Günthner Dipl.-Ing. Stephan Kessler Dr.-Ing. Michael Kleeberger Thomas Atz, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Gabriel Fischer Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing. Stefan Galka Dipl.-Ing. Sebastian Habenicht Dipl.-Wi.-Ing. Eva Klenk Dipl.-Ing. Tobias Staab Adjunct Professors Prof. Nikolaus Bauer Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Erich Kirschneck Administrative Staff Claudia Common Brigitte Stephani Tobias Hemmauer Susanne Höcht, B.Eng. Research Scientists Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Amberger Dipl.-Ing. Marco Dewitz Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing. Martin Dörnhöfer Andreas Ebner, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Rainer Ertl Dipl.-Ing. Susann Ertl Dipl.-Wi.-Ing. Julia Freis Dipl.-Ing. Thorsten Frenz Nicole Hietschold, M.Sc. Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing. Steffi Hoppenheit Dipl.-Inf. Matthias Jung Dipl.-Ing. Amadeusz Kargul Dipl.-Ing. Orthodoxos Kipouridis
80
Institute for Materials Handling, Material Flow, Logistics
Michael Kelterborn, M.Sc. Christopher Keuntje, M.Sc. Dipl.-Wirt.-Ing. Markus Klevers Dipl.-Wi.-Ing. Myriam Koch Dipl.-Ing. Bakir Kreso Armin Lang, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Johannes Lechner Thomas Lienert, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Christopher Ludwig Dipl.-Kffr. Corinna Maas, M.Sc. Robert Micheli, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Seungyong Oh Dipl.-Ing. Julian Profanter Michael Rackl, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Tobias Rammelmeier Friederike Rechl, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Susanne Rinneberg Jan Rotard, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Marcus Röschinger Dipl.-Ing. Markus Spindler Dipl.-Ing. Matthias vom Stein Dr.-Ing. Rui Wang Yuan Tan, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Florian Wenzler Yipeng Zhang, M.Sc. Technical Staff Alfred Sachs Werner Ottl Michael Abstreiter Johannes Bauer Markus Grünwald Michael Knecht Martin Soyer Andreas Busch
Publications 2013-14 n Kelterborn, M.; Burghart, C.; Kraul, R.; Intra, C.; Günthner, W.A.: Zeitliche und ergonomische Bewertung in der Kommissionierung. Industrie Management, 30 (2014), 5. ISSN 1434-1980, pp. 41-44. n Conze, M.: Integrierte Abruf- und Transportsteuerung für lagerhaltige Teileumfänge zur schlanken Versorgung der Automobilmontage. Lehrstuhl für Fördertechnik Materialfluss Logistik der Technischen Universität München. Garching b. München. 2014. ISBN 978-3-941702-43-1. n Habenicht, S.; Galka, S.; Günthner, W. A.: Control strategies for handover positions in high-speed conveyor systems. In: Bruzzone, Çayirci, Günal, Kaylan, Massei, Zanni-Merk Eds. The International Workshop on Applied Modeling and Simulation. Rende, Italy. 2014. ISBN 978-88-97999-46-1. n Günthner, W. A.; Koch, M.: Erstellung einer ergonomischen Lagerstrategie und -organisation durch ein Arbeitslast analysierendes Warehouse-Management-System (ErgoWMS). Lehrstuhl für Fördertechnik Materialfluss Logistik der Technischen Universität München. Garching b. München. 2014. ISBN 978-3-941702-48-6. n Günthner, W.A.; Kessler, S.; Mirlach, M.; Frenz, T.: Optimierung von Entladestrategien bei der Schüttgut-Schiffsentladung. Lehrstuhl für Fördertechnik Materialfluss Logistik der Technischen Universität München. Garching b. München. 2014. ISBN 978941702-42-4. n Günthner, W.A.; Deuse, J.; Rammelmeier, T.; Weisner, K.: Entwicklung und technische Integration einer Bewertungsmethodik zur Ermittlung von Mitarbeiterbelastungen in Kommissioniersystemen (ErgoKom). Forschungsbericht. Lehrstuhl für Fördertechnik Materialfluss Logistik der Technischen Universität München und Institut für Produktionssysteme der Technischen Universität Dortmund. Munich. 2014. ISBN 978-3-941702-41-7. n Wang, R.: Konzeption und Entwicklung eines EPC-basierten Datennetzwerkes in der Lebensmittel-Supply-Chain. Lehrstuhl für Fördertechnik Materialfluss Logistik der Technischen Universität München. Garching b. München. 2014. ISBN 9783-941702-40-0. n Koch, M.; Günthner W. A.: Belastungsermittlung im Warehouse-Management-System. Industrie Management, 30 (2014), 1. pp. 47-50. n Koch, M.; Günthner W. A.: Belastungen ermitteln. LOGISTIK HEUTE, 36 (2014), 7-8. pp. 28-29. n Mühle, J.; Schweizer, J.; Klevers, M.: Process model for the development of simulation games. 45th International Simulation and Gaming Association Conference. 2014, p. 20. n Günthner W.A.; Schneider O.: RFID-Einsatz in der Baubranche. VDBUM-Info, 42. Jahrgang, 03/2014. ISSN 0940-3035, p. 2. n Jung, M.; Le, T.T.; Atz, T.; Günthner, W.A.: Entwicklung, Umsetzung und Evaluierung eines dezentralen Lagerverwaltungssystems. Logistics Journal (2014). n Röschinger, M.; Stockenberger, D.; Günthner, W. A.: Werkzeugmanagement in der Cloud. Industrie Management, 30 (2014), 3. pp. 52-56. n Klenk, E.; Galka, S.; Günthner, W.A.: Analysis Of Parameters Influencing In-Plant Milk Run Design For Production Supply. In: Montreuil, B.; Carrano, A.; Gue, K.; de Koster, R.; Ogle, M.; Smith, J.: 12th International Material Handling Research Colloquium, College Industry Council on Material Handling Education. Charlotte, NC. 2014. ISBN 978-1-882780-17-5, pp. 251-267.
n Kleeberger, M.; Schneidler, S.; Günthner, W. A.: Dynamische Krantragwerksberechnungen. In: Richter, K.; Katterfeld, A.; Horn, P.; Gerecke, A.; Pfeiffer, D.: 22. Internationale Kranfachtagung. 2014. ISBN 978-3-930385-84-3, pp. 75-96. n Günthner, W.A.; Klenk, E.; Tenerowicz-Wirth, P.: Adaptive Logistiksysteme als Wegbereiter der Industrie 4.0. In: Bauernhansl, T.; Hompel, M.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Industrie 4.0 in Produktion, Automatisierung und Logistik. Springer Vieweg. Wiesbaden. 2014. ISBN 978-3-658-04681-1, pp. 297-323. n Klevers, M.: Forschung für die Intralogistik der Zukunft. Logistik für Unternehmen. 2014. 4-5. ISSN 0930-7834, pp. 18-19. n Prives, S.; Günthner, W.A.; Loibl, C.; Biebl, E.: Intelligente Thermobehälter. Logistik Heute (2012), Ausgabe 12.2012, pp. 28-29. n Prives, S.; Günthner, W.A.; Loibl, C.; Biebl, E.: Transparenz und Rückverfolgbarkeit in der Lebensmittel-Supply-Chain. Logistik für Unternehmen (2012), Ausgabe 11.2012-12.2012, pp. 50-51. n Freis, J.; Habenicht, S.; Günthner, W. A.: Verursachungsgerechte Verrechnung von Energiekosten im Logistikzentrum. In: Wolf-Kluthausen, H.: Jahrbuch Logistik 2014. free beratung GmbH. Korschenbroisch. 2014. ISBN 978-3-9816403-0-4, pp. 69-73. n Günthner, W. A.; Hausladen, G.; Freis, J; Vohlidka, P.: Das CO2-neutrale Logistikzentrum – Entwicklung von ganzheitlichen Handlungsempfehlungen für energieeffiziente Logistikzentren. Forschungsbericht. Lehrstuhl für Fördertechnik Materialfluss Logistik, Lehrstuhl für Bauklimatik und Haustechnik. Garching. 2014. ISBN 978-3-941702-37-0. n Ertl, R.; Habenicht, S.; Günthner, W. A.: Energieeffiziente Betriebsstrategien für Regalbediengeräte Teil 1/2. Hebezeuge Fördermittel, 54 (2014), 1-2. pp. 40-42. n Schilling, T.; Bruns, R.; Amberger, M,; Günthner, W.A.; Braun, M.; Furmans, K.: Umweltaspekte der Förder- und Lagertechnik – Ergebnisse einer umfassenden Analyse. Tagungsband zum 23. Deutschen Materialflusskongress. VDI-Verlag. Düsseldorf. 2014. ISBN 978-3-18-092232-4. n Ertl, R.; Habenicht, S.; Günthner, W. A.: Energieeffiziente Betriebsstrategien für Regalbediengeräte Teil 2/2. Hebezeuge Fördermittel, 54 (2014), 3. pp. 138-140. n Keuntje, C.; Dewitz, M.; Günthner, W.A.; Schmidt, F.: Mehr Transparenz. Routenzugauswahl – Mehr als eine Investitionsentscheidung. Logistik heute, 36 (2014), 3. ISSN 0173-6213, pp. 26-27. n Rammelmeier, T.; Weisner, K.; Günthner, W.A.; Deuse, J.: Reduktion der Mitarbeiterbelastung in der Kommissionierung auf Basis einer fortlaufenden Belastungsermittlung. In: Gesellschaft für Arbeitswissenschaft e.V.. Gestaltung der Arbeitswelt der Zukunft – 60. Kongress der Gesellschaft der Arbeitswissenschaft. GfA-Press. Dortmund. 2014. ISBN 978-3-936804-17-1, pp. 201-203. n Koch, M.; Günthner, W. A.: Bestimmung der Haltungswichtung in Kommissioniersystemen zur automatischen Beurteilung der physischen Belastung. In: Gesellschaft für Arbeitswissenschaft e. V. Gestaltung der Arbeitswelt der Zukunft – 60. Kongress der Gesellschaft der Arbeitswissenschaft. GfA-Press. Dortmund. 2014. ISBN 978-3-93680417-1, pp. 168-170. n Mirlach, M.; Le, T.T.; Jung, M.; Atz, T.; Günthner, W.A.: Lagerverwaltung und Bestandsmanagement in dezentral gesteuerten Systemen. Logistics Journal. 2014. ISSN 18605923.
Institute for Materials Handling, Material Flow, Logistics
81
n Klevers, M.: Lehrstuhl fml – Schulungs App. Hebezeuge Fördermittel, 54 (2014), 1-2. ISSN 00179442, p. 95. n Sailer, M.; Hense, J.; Mandl, J.; Klevers, M.: Psychological Perspectives on Motivation through Gamification. Interaction Design and Architecture Journal. Winter 2013 (2014), 19. p. 28-37. n Günthner, W. A.; Habenicht, S.; Luber, M.: Stromfressern auf der Spur. LOGISTIK HEUTE, 36 (2014), 1-2. ISSN 0173-6213, pp. 66-67. n Rammelmeier, T.; Günthner, W.A.: Informatorische Prozesse in der manuellen Kommissionierung – Durchblick mit Datenbrille. Hebezeuge Fördermittel, 54 (2014), 1-2. ISSN 0017-9442, pp. 28-30. n Kargul, A.; Bügler, M.; Kessler, S.; Borrmann, A.; Günthner, W.: Fertigungssynchrone Ablaufsimulation von Unikatbaustellen im Tiefbau. BauPortal, 126 (2014), 1-2. p. 16-19. n Ertl, R.; Günthner, W. A.: Energieeffizienzklassen für AKL-Regalbediengeräte – Teil 2. F+H – Fördern und Heben, 2014 (2014), 1-2. ISSN 0341-2636, pp. 10-13. n Günthner, W.A.; Boppert, J. (Hrsg.): Lean Logistics Methodisches Vorgehen und praktische Anwendung in der Automobilindustrie. Springer Vieweg. Berlin Heidelberg. 2014. ISBN 978-3-642-37326-8. n Günthner, W. A.; Bruns, R.; Oh, S.; Danilov, E.; Fischer, G.: Untersuchung und Modellierung der Schwingungsübertragung von Flurförderzeugreifen. Forschungsbericht des IGF-Vorhabens 17212 N der Forschungsvereinigung Intralogistik Fördertechnik und Logistiksysteme (IFL) e. V., Lehrstuhl für Fördertechnik Materialfluss Logistik. Garching, Hamburg. 2013. n Ertl, R.; Günthner, W. A.: Energieeffizienzklassen für AKL-Regalbediengeräte – Teil 1. F+H – Fördern und Heben. 2013, 12. ISSN 0341-2636, pp. 8-10. n Atz, T.; Lantschner, D.; Günthner, W. A.: Simulative throughput calculation for storage planning. In: Aix Marsilles University: The International Workshop on Applied Modelling and Simulation WAMS 2013. Marseille, Frankreich. 2013 ISBN 979-10-90821-04-0, pp. 88-97. n Günthner, W.A.; Habenicht, S.: Erweiterte Logistiksystemplanung unter Einbeziehung des Energieverbrauchs. Forschungsbericht. Lehrstuhl für Fördertechnik Materialfluss Logistik der Technischen Universität München. Garching b. München. 2013. ISBN 978-3-941702-36-3. n Kammergruber, F.: Mobiles Virtual-Reality-System zur Planung und Schulung in der Logistik. . Lehrstuhl für Fördertechnik Materialfluss Logistik der Technischen Universität München. Garching b. München. 2013. ISBN 978-3-941702-35-6. n Klevers, M.; Sailer, M.; Günthner, W. A.: Motivationssteigerung in der Intalogistik. Logistik für Unternehmen, 27 (2013), 10. ISSN 0930-7834, pp. 55-56. n Staab, T.; Galka, S.; Klenk, E.; Günthner, W. A.: Effizienzsteigerung für Routenzüge - Untersuchung des Einflusses der Routenführung auf die Auslastung und Prozessstabilität. In: Dangelmaier, Wilhelm; Laroque, Christoph; Klaas, Alexander: 15. ASIM Fachtagung – Simulation in Produktion und Logistik. HNI-Verlagsschriftenreihe. Paderborn. 2013. ISBN 978-3-942647-35-9, pp. 167-176. n Günthner, W.A.; Klenk, E.; Galka, S.: Routenzüge sind kein Schonarbeitsplatz. Logistik für Unternehmen, 2013, 9. pp. 55-57. n Lantschner, D.; Atz, T.; Günthner, W. A.: Simulation based evaluation of concepts and strategies for automated storage and retrieval systems with multiple I/O points. In: DIME University of Genoa: The 25th European Modeling and Simulation Symposium. Rende (CS), Italy. 2013. ISBN 978-8897999-22-5 / 978-88-97999-16-4, pp. 544-550.
82
Institute for Materials Handling, Material Flow, Logistics
n Sailer, M.; Klevers, M.; Hense, J.; Mandl, H.: Förderung von Motivation durch Gamification in Arbeitskontexten. 78. Tagung der Arbeitsgruppe für Emirische Pädagogische Forschung. 2013. n Mirlach, M.; Günthner, W.A.; Ulbrich, A.; Beckhaus, K.: Auftragszuteilungsverfahren für Staplerleitsysteme. In: VDI Wissensforum GmbH, 17. Flurförderzeugtagung 2013. VDI Verlag GmbH. Düsseldorf. 2013. VDI-Berichte 2201. ISBN 978-3-18-092201-0, pp. 67-78. n Oh, S.; Danilov, E.; Fischer, G.; Günthner, W. A.; Bruns, R.: Untersuchung und Modellierung der Schwingungsübertragung von Flurförderzeugreifen. Tagungsband WGTL-Kolloquium. 2013. ISBN 9783-86975-085-9. n Freis, J.; Vohlidka, P.; Zadow, O.; Günthner, W. A.; Hausladen, G.: Verbräuche im Fokus. Logistik Heute Sonderheft 2013, 09/2013, pp. 18-19. n Kipouridis O.; Roidl M.; Günthner, W. A.; ten Hompel M.: Kollaborative Planung dezentral gesteuerter Materialflusssysteme in der Intralogistik. Tagungsband WGTL-Kolloquium. Verl. Praxiswissen. Dortmund. 2013. ISBN 9783869750859, pp. 231-239. n Habenicht, S.; Ertl, R.; Günthner, W. A.: Analytische Energiebedarfsermittlung von Intralogistiksystemen in der Planungsphase. In: Hompel, Michael ten: Tagungsband WGTL-Kolloquium. Verl. Praxiswissen. Dortmund. 2013. ISBN 9783869750859, pp. 77-90. n Jung, M.; Hohenstein, F.; Günthner, W.A.: ‘Staplerauge’ – a framework for camera-based sensor functions on forklift trucks. In: Clausen U.; Hompel M.; Meier F.: Efficiency and Innovation in Logistics, Proceedings of the International Logistics Science Conference (ILSC). Springer Vieweg. Cham, Heidelberg, New York, Dodrecht, London. 2013. ISBN 978-3-319-01377-0, pp. 178. n Klenk, E.; Klevers, M.; Günthner, W.A.: Logistikorientierte Wertstromanalyse. In: W.A. Günthner; J. Durchholz; E. Klenk; J. Boppert: Schlanke Logistikprozesse – Handbuch für den Planer. Springer Vieweg. Berlin Heidelberg. 2013. ISBN 978-3-642-38271-0, pp. 133-161. n Klenk, E; Klevers, M.; Günthner, W. A.: Symbole und Prozesse für die Logistikorientierte Wertstromanalyse. In: W.A. Günthner; J. Durchholz; E. Klenk; J. Boppert: Schlanke Logistikprozesse - Handbuch für den Planer. Springer Vieweg. Berlin Heidelberg. 2013. ISBN 978-3-642-38271-0, pp. 225-233. n Galka, S.; Klenk, E.: Das Hauptziel: Dynamische und flexible Systeme. Hebezeuge Fördermittel (2013), 7-8. ISSN 0017-9442, pp. 386-388. n Bügler, M.; Kargul, A.; Wimmer, J.; Horenburg, T.; Borrmann, A.; Günthner, W. A.: FAUST – Fertigungssynchrone Ablaufsimulation von Unikatbaustellen im Spezialtiefbau. Proceedings of the second international BBB Congress. Darmstadt. 2013. n Hense, J.; Klevers, M.; Sailer, M.; Horenburg, T.; Mandl, H.; Günthner, W.A.: Using gamification to enhance staff motivation in logistics. Frontiers in Gaming Simulation: 44th International Simulation and Gaming Association Conference. Springer Vieweg. Berlin Heidelberg. 2013. ISBN 9783319049533, pp. 206-213. n Günthner, W.A.; Durchholz, J.; Klenk, E.; Boppert, J.: Schlanke Logistikprozesse Handbuch für den Planer. Springer Vieweg. Berlin Heidelberg. 2013. ISBN 978-3-642-38271-0. n Klenk, E.; Galka, S.; Günthner, W.A.: Routenzüge – im Takt der Produktion?. Logistik für Unternehmen. (2013), 7-8. ISSN 0930-7834, pp. 55-57.
n Galka, S.; Klenk, E.;Günthner, W.A.: Planning of production supermarkets for production supply. 2013 IEEE International Conference on Service Operations and Logistics, and Informatics (SOLI 2013). IEEE, Dongguan. 2013. ISBN 978-1-47990529-4, pp. 456-461. n Ertl, R.; Günthner, W. A.: Schnell zu aussagekräftigen Werten gelangen - Teil 2, Analytische Berechnung des mittleren Energiebedarfs von Regalbediengeräten mit Energierückspeisung. F+H – Fördern und Heben. 8/2013. ISSN 0341-2636, pp. 12-15. n Freis, J.; Vohlidka, P.; Zadow, O.; Günthner, W. A.; Hausladen, G.: Analyse der Wechselwirkungen zwischen Gebäude, Haustechnik und Intralogistik zur Steigerung der Energieeffizienz von Logistikzentren. Tagungsband 18. Magdeburger Logistiktage ‘Sichere und nachhaltige Logistik’. Magdeburg. 2013, pp. 79-89. n Horenburg, T.; Günthner, W. A.: Construction Scheduling and Resource Allocation based on Actual State Data. Proceedings of the 2013 ASCE International Workshop on Computing in Civil Engineering (IWCCE). Los Angeles, USA. 2013. n Ertl, R.; Günthner, W. A.: Schnell zu aussagekräftigen Werten gelangen - Teil 1, Analytische Berechnung des mittleren Energiebedarfs von Regalbediengeräten mit Energierückspeisung. F+H – Fördern und Heben. 6/2013. ISSN 0341-2636, pp. 12-15. n Staab, T.; Klenk, E.; Günthner, W.A.: Simulating Dynamic Dependencies And Blockages In In-plant Milk-run Traffic Systems. Proceedings of the 27th European Conference on Modelling and Simulation. Aalesund. 2013. ISBN 978-0-9564944-6-7, pp. 622628. n Galka, S.; Günthner, W.A.: Logistische Innovationen aus dem Versuchslabor. Logistik für Unternehmen. 5/2013. ISSN 0930-7834, pp. 28-29. n Galka, S.; Klenk, E.; Günthner, W.A.: Routenzüge nehmen Fahrt auf. Logistik für Unternehmen. 6/2013 ISSN 0930-7834, pp. 55-56. n Tenerowicz-Wirth, P.: Kommunikationskonzept für selbststeuernde Fahrzeugkollektive in der Intralogistik. Lehrstuhl für Fördertechnik Materialfluss Logistik, Technische Universität München. Garching. 2013. ISBN 978-3-941702-33-2. n Freis, J.; Vohlidka, P.: Mehr als Witterungsschutz – Ganzheitlich statt ‘nur’ Intralogistisch. Materialfluss Green Logistics. 04/2013, pp. 56-57.
n Galka, S.; Dewitz, M.; Günthner, W. A.: Drive-Thru für Routenzüge Effizienzsteigerung bei der Beladung von Routenzügen mit Kleinladungsträgern. Jahrbuch Logistik 2013. free beratung GmbH. Korschenbroich. 2013. ISBN 978-3980941273, pp. 128-132. n Klenk, E.; Galka, S.; Günthner, W. A.: Für schlanke Versorgung. Logistik heute (2013). Ausgabe 01-02/2013, p. 62 f. n Habenicht, S.; Günthner, W. A.: Energiebedarfsermittlung in der Grobplanungsphase – Welche Ansätze eignen sich? Hebezeuge Fördermittel. 53 (2013), 3. pp. 128-130. n Amberger, M.; Fischer, G.; Günthner, W. A.: Analyse und Quantifizierung der Umweltaspekte von Kranen und Hebezeugen. 21. Internationale Kranfach tagung. Ruhr-Universität Bochum. Bochum. 2013. ISBN 3-89194-205-2, pp. 107-120. n Amberger, M.; Kessler, S.; Günthner, W. A.: Wie belasten Krane im Baubetrieb unsere Umwelt. 42. VDBUM Seminar – Seminarband 2013. VDBUM-Service GmbH. Stuhr. 2013, pp. 30-35. n Dewitz, M.; Günthner, W. A.: Routenzug ist nicht gleich Routenzug. F + H Fördern und Heben (2013), pp. 38-41. n Ertl, R.; Günthner, W. A.: Energieeffiziente Bahnplanung von Regalbediengeräten – Zwischenkreis ermöglicht einen niedrigen Gesamtverbrauch. Hebezeuge Fördermittel (2013), 1-2. ISSN 00179442, pp. 26-29. n Schilling, T.; Frenkel, A.; Bruns, R.; Amberger, M.; Fischer, G.; Günthner, W. A.; Braun, M.; Linsel, P.; Furmans, K.: Analyse und Quantifizierung der Umweltauswirkungen von Fördermitteln in der Intralogistik. Forschungsbericht des IGF-Vorhabens 16973 N der Forschungsvereinigung Intralogistik Fördertechnik und Logistiksysteme (IFL) e. V. Lehrstuhl für Fördertechnik Materialfluss Logistik. Hamburg, Garching, Kralsruhe. 2013. n Kelterborn, M.; Koch, M.; Günthner W. A.: Physische Belastung in der Produktionslogistik. ZWF – Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb. 108/2013, 11. pp. 846-849. n Günthner, W. A.; Wölfle, M.; Mirlach, M.; Fruth, A.: Elektronischer Leitfaden führt RFID-Projekte zum Erfolg. Handbuch – Einblick in AutoID/RFID 2013. Verlag & Freie Medien, Amelinghausen. 2013. ISBN 1860-5907, p. 110 f.
Institute for Materials Handling, Material Flow, Logistics
83
Institute of Flight Propulsion Experimental investigation and numerical simulation of flight propulsion systems and turbomachinery components
n Research activities of the Institute of Flight Propulsion in 2013-14 covered topics in the fields of flight propulsion, gas turbines and thermal turbomachinery. Based on a long tradition the institute develops thermodynamic engine models in order to investigate steady and unsteady gas turbine engine and turbomachinery behavior.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Oskar J. Haidn (Acting Head)
Fifty years of the Institute of Flight Propulsion – founded in 1964 the institute celebrated in 2014 a success story during the past half-century. Another highlight was the new framework agreement between the Institute of Flight Propulsion/ TUM, the Bavarian Government and GE Global Research Europe. The cooperation includes the development of the world’s
most advanced high speed research com pressor laboratories focused on develo ping tomorrow’s aircraft engines and gas turbines. Starting with planning the laboratories, the first results are already visible. In mid-2015 the compressor stage itself will arrive in Garching. The commis sioning of the entire rig will be finished by the end of 2015.
Contact www.lfa.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.16084
Compressor Aerodynamics, Performance and Operating Range Extension The achievement of a high level of efficiency in combination with the guar antee of aerodynamic stability is a main objective in the design of highly loaded compressors. Since the stability margin drops critically with increased stage loading and transient operation, identifying and understanding the mechanisms for stall inception is the key to increasing the range of stable operation. Unsteady flow simulations are applied to investigate the phenomena inherent to the development of aerodynamic insta bilities. For an investigated centrifugal compressor the impact of newly designed, circumferentially non-uniform inlet guide vanes is studied. The simulation results are validated against measurement data currently acquired from the institute’s high speed centrifugal compressor test rig. Furthermore, casing treatments for multi-stage axial compressors are design ed numerically as a means to passively extend the stable operating range. The
84
Institute of Flight Propulsion
Tip blowing casing treatment applied to an axial compressor including streamlines
unsteady interaction between main flow and the exiting and re-entering treatment flow is investigated using state of the art phase lag simulations. Experimental validation is performed in close cooper ation with associated national research institutes.
Computational Aeroacoustics for Ducted and Unducted Turbomachinery Growing environmental awareness raises demand for highly-efficient and low noise emitting turbomachinery, guaranteeing stable operation under a large range of operating conditions. In order to improve state-of-the-art turbomachinery, modern numerical methods are applied to predict fluid flows and acoustic signatures simul taneously. Therefore, computational fluid dynamics solvers are applied to simulate the time-resolved flow regime within an aerodynamic source domain and thus to deduce the sources for aerodynamically generated sound. Present research activities are focused on identifying the sound sources from unducted propulsors with counter-rotating blade rows (open rotors) as well as ducted helicopter tail rotors. Particularly unsteady blade row interactions, including both
Sound emissions from a counterrotating open rotor expressed as time instant pressure disturbances radiated from the aerodynamic source domain
advectionally transported disturbances and mutual potential field interferences, have shown high potential for reducing noise emissions. Consequently, methods for passive noise control are derived which rely on advanced turbomachinery designs built to minimize blade row interactions.
Supersonic Combustion Research for Scramjet Applications (GRK 1095 1/2) A scramjet (supersonic combustion ramjet) is a future air breathing propulsion concept for high speed vehicles traveling faster than Mach 5. It is one of the most promising propulsion concepts for future space transportation systems and hyper sonic flight vehicles. Despite decades of research in this area, scramjets still offer several unresolved challenges. To achieve an air breathing hypersonic flight one of the key technolo gies is supersonic combustion. At these speeds, the residence time of air inside the engine is of the order of milliseconds. Therefore, mixing and reaction processes in the combustor must be efficient and very fast. The internal flow of a scramjet combustor is studied in a supersonic combustion test bed at the Institute of Flight Propulsion.
Current research topics are related to improving combustion stability, reducing auto ignition temperatures and increasing combustor efficiency using catalytic radical farming and the investigation of the non-reacting and reacting internal flow phenomena using optical measurement techniques.
Supersonic combustion test bed at the Institute of Flight Propulsion
Institute of Flight Propulsion
85
Compact Turboshaft Engine Quick-Start System for Rotorcraft Applications
Turboshaft engine testbed
Current helicopters of the light and medium class have two engines installed due to safety reasons. However, this installed power is rarely needed during a flight mission and the engines are opera ting mainly in part load, leading to poor specific fuel consumption. An operational strategy during flight can be an intended shutdown of one engine. The required power is then covered by the remaining engine which thus runs at higher loads at enhanced specific fuel consumption. Therewith, fuel can be saved, the mission range can be enhanced and emissions can be reduced. In case of a failure of the remaining running engine, the shut-off
engine has to be quick-start capable due to flight safety reasons. Quantification of the fuel savings is a focal point of research on intended single engine operation. Since this engine usage strategy is limited to certain areas of the helicopter flight envelope, flight performance analysis of the helicopter have to be performed in advance. Then, realistic flight missions are chosen for subsequent flight mission simulation and evaluation regarding a useful operational strategy. For realization of engine quick-starts a new system was developed and evaluated at the turboshaft engine testbed. Its working principle is based on air injection through Laval nozzles inside the compressor section. Therewith, a significant start-up time reduction can be achieved. Since shop air is actually used for the quick-start system, an additional system is designed for inde pendent air supply and for integration into a helicopter airframe. For further investi gation of the influence on the helicopter drive powertrain, the testbed engine was successfully coupled with the research simulator of the Institute for Helicopter Technology.
Structural Design and Optimization of Aircraft Engine Components
Stress distribution in a generic diska) without and b) with heat pipe
86
Institute of Flight Propulsion
A higher turbine inlet temperature and the reduction of component weight are key parameters for a better overall efficiency of future propulsion systems. This requires new design concepts for turbine com ponents. The new design should meet or exceed the reliability requirements of conventional designs. For their lifespan, the dimensioning damage mechanisms of turbine components are long-term creep and thermo-mechanical fatigue. To meet these requirements, two design concepts are investigated. On the one hand,
additive manufacturing (AM) technologies enable novel light weight structures. Using the finite element method (FEM), a new design method for additively manufac tured turbine guide vanes with reduced weight and unchanged functionality and life span is investigated. On the other hand, in order to cool and reduce the maximum material temperature at the rim of turbine disks, the use of high tempera ture heat pipes inserted into the disk material is investigated.
Centrifugal Compressor Test Rig
Centrifugal compressor test rig
In the year 2010 a new high-speed radial compressor test rig was commissioned in cooperation with GE Global Research. The latter meets the industrial standards for design & testing and enables experi mental testing of different types of modern centrifugal compressors with drive power up to 800 kW and a maximum speed of 30,000 rpm. The test facility can be oper ated either in open-loop or closed-loop configuration. The research activity focuses on the opti mization of centrifugal stage components and their mutual interactions in terms of
Competence n Numerical and experimental investiga tion in gas turbines and turbomachinery components n Gas turbine performance simulation n Fluid dynamics and structural mecha nics of turbomachinery components Infrastructure n Helicopter engine testbed n Test rig for centrifugal compressors n Test rig for axial compressor (under construction) n Subsonic and supersonic combustion testbed n Testbeds for very small gas turbine engines n Institute’s own computer cluster with more than 350 cores
efficiency and operation range. Research topics like operation range expansion by flow control, impact of impeller surface roughness, performance validation of 3D industrial compressor design and vari able inlet guide vanes (IGVs) have been conducted. LFA will continuously expand its research capacity in the area of centrifugal com pressors to achieve in-depth understan ding of the following topics: n Performance characteristics of shroud ed and unshrouded impellers with applications in petrochemical industries and aviation businesses n Testing of various inlet configuration possibilities n Implementation of advanced diffusion systems (with low diffuser ratios, new return channel vanes, etc.) n Numerical investigations in parallel to experimental studies The project is funded by the Bavarian Ministry of Economic Affairs and GE Glo bal Research in Garching, in collaboration with GE Oil & Gas and GE Aviation.
Courses n Flight Propulsion I & II n Turbomachinery (Basic and Advanced) n Mechanical Design of Jet Engines n Aerodynamic Design of Turbomachin ery n Application of Fluidmechanic Calcula tion Methods for Flight Propulsion n FEM and CFD Design of Turbomachin ery
Institute of Flight Propulsion
87
Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Oskar J. Haidn (Acting Head) Dr.-Ing. Wolfgang Erhard Dr.-Ing. Andreas Hupfer Adjunct Professors Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hanns-Jürgen Lichtfuß Dr.-Ing. Jörg Henne, MTU Aero Engines Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hans Rick Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dr. h.c. mult. Günter Kappler Administrative Staff Angelika Heininger Research Scientists Nan Chen, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Florian Danner Dipl.-Ing. Sina Eisenmann Dipl.-Ing. Cyril Guinet Dipl.-Ing. Michael Gurtner Dipl.-Ing. David Hirndorf Dipl.-Ing. Jochen Hönle
André Inzenhofer, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Marc Kainz Christofer Kendall-Torry, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Sebastian Lang, M.Sc. Linyuan Lia, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Loos Dipl.-Ing. Tobias Mayenberger Dipl.-Ing. Marco Naubert Dipl.-Ing. Daniel Paukner Dipl.-Ing. David Rockel Dipl.-Ing. Marcel Schmieder Joona Seppälä, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Anton Streit Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Stefan Weihard Kun Yang, M.Sc. Technical Staff Udo Busse Zoe Gerstung Roland Grubert Ralf Priller Bernhard Ritter
Publications 2013-14 n A. Hupfer: Experimental Investigation of Per formance Parameters of Very Small Jet Engine Combustors, The 25th International Symposium on Transport Phenomena, 5-7 November 2014, Krabi, Thailand n S. Eisenmann, A. Hupfer: Strukturmechanische Analyse einer Gasturbinenscheibe mit integrierten Heatpipes, Deutsche SIMULIA Konferenz, 25-26 September, Dresden, 2014 n C. Spieß, M. Kerler, M. Hajek: Effects on Helicopter Dynamics in Case of Engine Failure During Intended Single Engine Operation, 40th European Rotorcraft Forum, Southampton, England, 2-5 September, 2014 n M. Kerler, W. Erhard: Evaluation of Helicopter Flight Missions with Intended Single Engine Operation, 40th European Rotorcraft Forum, Southampton, England, 2-5 September, 2014 n M. Kerler, S. Lang, T. Fauner, W. Erhard: Experimen tal Investigation of Rotating Stall and Surge in the Compressor System of a High-Speed Turboshaft Engine, Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Luft- & Raumfahrt, Augsburg, September, 2014 n J. Seppälä, D. Rockel, A. Hupfer: Performance and Functionality Based Design Methods for Improved and Novel Aircraft Engine Components for Additive Manufacturing, Solid Freeform Fabrication Sympo sium, Austin, TX, 4-6 August 2014 n C. Guinet, , V. Bettrich, V. Gümmer: Parametric Study of the Bleed Position in a Tip Blowing Casing Treatment, 50th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, 2014, AIAA-2014-3441 n S. Eisenmann, M. Mair, A. Hupfer: Structural Analysis of a Gas Turbine Disk Containing Heat Pipes Using Finite Element Analysis, 50th AIAA/ ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, 2014, AIAA-2014-3840
88
Institute of Flight Propulsion
n C. Guinet, J.A. Streit, V. Gümmer, H.-P. Kau: Tip Gap Variation on a Transonic Rotor in the Presence of Tip Blowing, GT2014-25042, ASME Turbo Expo 2014, Düsseldorf, Germany, 16-20 June 2014 n J. Seppälä, A. Hupfer: Topology Optimization in Structural Design of a LP Turbine Guide Vane: Potential of Additive Manufacturing for Weight Reduction, GT2014-25637, ASME Turbo Expo 2014, Düsseldorf, Germany, 16-20 June 2014 n J. Seppälä, D. Kraus, A. Hupfer: Thermo-elastic optimization for additively manufactured turbo machinery components, Presentation in European Altair Technology Conference, Munich, June 25-26 2014 n J. Seppälä, D. Rockel, A. Hupfer: New Possibilities of Additive Manufacturing in Aero Engine Compo nent Design – Topology Optimized Turbine Stator, Fraunhofer Direct Digital Manufacturing Conference 2014, March 12-13, 2014, Berlin, Germany n A. Hupfer, D. Hirndorf: Investigation of Parameters Affecting the Thermodynamic Cycle of Very Small Jet Engines, 15th International Symposium on Transport Phenomena and Dynamics of Rotating Machinery, ISROMAC-15, February 24-28, 2014, Honolulu, HI, USA n F. Danner, C. Kendall-Torry, H.-P. Kau: Tailoring Rotor-Rotor Interactions Using Blade Row Spacing for Effects of Destructive Acoustic Interference, 15th International Symposium on Transport Phenomena and Dynamics of Rotating Machinery, ISROMAC-15, February 24-28, 2014, Honolulu, HI, USA n Lang, S., Erhard, W., Kau, et. al.: Application of Flow Control on a Radial Compressor for Operating Range Extension. 15th International Symposium on Transport Phenomena and Dynamics of Rotating Machinery, ISROMAC-15, February 24-28, 2014, Honolulu, HI, USA
n A. Loos, H.-P. Kau: Numerical Investigations of Hub Treatments for Cantilever Stators, 15th Interna tional Symposium on Transport Phenomena and Dynamics of Rotating Machinery, ISROMAC-15, February 24-28, 2014, Honolulu, HI, USA n D. Rockel, A. Hupfer, H.-P. Kau: Design Study on an Additively Manufactured Compressor Casing con taining Auxetic Structures, Society of Manufacturing Engineers (SME) RAPID 2013, Pittsburgh, USA, 2013 n D. Rockel, A. Hupfer, H.-P. Kau: An Evaluation of the Potential of Additive Manufacturing Technologies in Future Aero Engine Design, 49th AIAA/ASME7SAE/ ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit, San Jose, USA, 2013 n J. A. Streit, C. Brandstetter, F. Heinichen, H.-P. Kau: An advanced axial-slot casing treatment on a transonic compressor: A close look with computa tional fluid dynamics and experimental validation, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy September 2013 227: 683-691 n D. Rockel, A. Hupfer, H.-P. Kau: Additive Manu facturing Technologies: An Option in Future Aero Engine Compressor Design, Transportation Rapid & Additive Manufacturing Summit (TRAMS2013), Shanghai, China, 2013, 29th International Symposium on Space Technology and Science, Nagoya-Aichi, Japan, 2-9 June 2013 n S. Weihard, A. Hupfer, J. Wittmer, H.-P. Kau: Unter suchungen der Exzentrizität von Gehäuseringen infolge statistisch verteilter Fertigungsabweichun gen, Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Luft- & Raumfahrt, Stuttgart, September, 2013 n S. Weihard, A. Hupfer, J. Wittmer, H.-P. Kau: Reduc tion of Rotor Eccentricity Using Improved Assembly Processes, ISABE-2013-10193, 21st ISABE Conference, International Society for Airbreathing Engines, Busan, South Korea, 9-13 September 2013 n J. Hönle, M. Kerler, H. Nachtigall, W. Erhard, H.-P. Kau: Experimental Validation of a Sub-Idle Com pressor Map Extrapolation, ISABE-2013-10174, 21st ISABE Conference, International Society for Airbreathing Engines, Busan, South Korea, 9-13 September 2013 n F. Danner, C. Kendall-Torry, H.-P. Kau: On the Capability of Unsteady RANS Computations to Reproduce Non-Deterministic Pressure Distur bances for Noise Predictions, ISABE-2013-10140, 21st ISABE Conference, International Society for Airbreathing Engines, Busan, South Korea, 9-13 September 2013 n D. Rockel, S. Weihard, A. Hachmann, A. Hupfer, H.-P. Kau: Numerical Investigation of an Additively Manufactured Compressor Casing: The Effect of Auxetic Structures on the Tip Clearances, GT201395736, ASME Turbo Expo 2013, San Antonio, Texas, USA, 3-7 June 2013 n S. Weihard, A. Hupfer, H.-P. Kau: Statistical Impact of Manufacturing Tolerances on Axial Gaps Between Vane Segments and the Rotor of Axial Flow Turbo-Compressors, GT2013-95532, ASME Turbo Expo 2013, San Antonio, Texas, USA, 3-7 June 2013
n J. A. Streit, F. Heinichen, H.-P. Kau: Axial-Slot Casing Treatments Improve the Efficiency of Axial Flow Compressors: Aerodynamic Effects of a Rotor Redesign, GT2013-94975, ASME Turbo Expo 2013, San Antonio, Texas, USA, 3-7 June 2013. n T. Mayenberger, G. Brignole, H.-P. Kau: Aerody namic Design of Abradable Liners with Integrated Endwall Treatments for Axial Compressor Rotors, GT2013-95560, ASME Turbo Expo 2013, San Antonio, Texas, USA, 3-7 June 2013. n A. Loos, T. Mayenberger, F. Danner, H.-P. Kau: Evolution of Generic Vanelets Applied to a High Pressure Compressor, GT2013-95561, ASME Turbo Expo 2013, San Antonio, Texas, USA, 3-7 June 2013 n F. Danner, C. Kendall-Torry, H.-P. Kau: Aerodynamic Origin of Rotor-Rotor Interaction Noise from Unduc ted Propulsors, GT2013-95572, ASME Turbo Expo 2013, San Antonio, Texas, USA, 3-7 June 2013 n D. Paukner, M. Gurtner, H.-P. Kau: Preliminary investigation of ignition and flame stabilization using catalytic treatment of propellants for scramjets, European Conference for AeroSpace Sciences (EUCASS), Munich, 1-4 July 2013 n D. Hirndorf , M. E. Kügler , J. Heidenfelder , A. Hupfer: Numerical Investigation of Performance Parameters of Very Small Jet Engine Combustors, 24th International Symposium on Transport Phenomena (ISTP), Yamaguchi, JPN, 1-5 November 2013 n K. Makowka, T. Sattelmayer, M. Gurtner, D. Paukner, H.-P. Kau: Numerical and Experimental Investigation of a Central Strut Injector with Perpendicular Injection for Scramjet Applications, European Conference for AeroSpace Sciences (EUCASS), München, 1-4 July 2013 n D. Hirndorf, A. Hupfer, W. Erhard and H.-P. Kau: Very Small Gas Turbine Jet Engines – Current Limits and Potential for Improvement, European Conference for AeroSpace Sciences (EUCASS), Munich, 1-4 July 2013 n M. Kerler, J. Hönle, W. Erhard, H.-P. Kau: Helicopter Engine-in-the-Loop Test Setup, 39th European Rotorcraft Forum, Moscow, Russia, 3-6 September 2013 n J. A. Streit, L. Veggi, E. Johann, H.-P. Kau: A CFD Investigation of Tip Clearance Effects on a Transo nic Compressor Rotor with an Advanced Axial-Slot Casing Treatment, International Symposium on Experimental and Computational Aerothermodyna mics of Internal Flows, ISAIF11, Shenzhen, China, 2013 n C. Brandstetter, J. A. Streit, F. Wartzek, F. Heini chen, H.-P. Schiffer: An Advanced Axial-Slot Casing Treatment on a Tip-Critical Transonic Compressor Rotor – Part 1: Unsteady Wall Pressure and Hot Wire Measurements, European Turbomachinery Conference, ETC10, Lappeenranta, Finnland, 2013 n J. A. Streit, C. Brandstetter, F. Heinichen, H.-P. Kau: An Advanced Axial-Slot Casing Treatment on a Tip-Critical Transonic Compressor Rotor – Part 2: Taking a Closer Look with CFD, European Turbomachinery Conference, ETC10, Lappeenranta, Finnland, 2013
Institute of Flight Propulsion
89
Space Propulsion Group Liquid propellant rocket engine technologies
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Oskar J. Haidn Contact www.lfa.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.16138
n The Space Propulsion Group, established in October 2011, has put its emphasis from the beginning on experimental activities around different aspects of injection, ignition, combustion, heat transfer and cooling in oxygen/kerosene, oxygen/methane model combustors operating at various propellant temperature, combustion chamber pressure and operational boundary conditions. Since last year, these experimental activities are accompanied by a second working group which has its main focus on modelling and simulation in all areas of liquid propellant rocket engines technologies. The Liquid Propulsion Technical Committee of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics bestowed their best paper award 2013 to Prof. Haidn and his coworkers for the technical paper
Vulcain 2 engine during testing at P5 facilty in Lampoldshausen. Photo: DLR
entitled, ‘Investigation of the API-Injection Concept in a LOX/LH2 Combustion Chamber at GG/PB Operation Conditions’.
Rocket Propulsion
10 kN GOX/kerosene model combustor in operation. Photo: Institute of Space Propulsion
The main focus of the space propulsion group lays currently on experimental and numerical studies on injector/injector and injector/wall interaction on combustion performance and heat loads to the combustor liner in model rocket engines operating with methane and oxygen within the DFG funded SFB TRR 40.
Technologies for Green In-Space Propulsion
High speed flow visualization picture of a cryogenic jet at near-flashing conditions. Photo: Institute of Space Propulsion
90
Space Propulsion Group
Within a project funded by Munich Aerospace, the Chinese CSC and the Brazilian CSF on environmentally benign propellants for space-craft propulsion, the group investigates flashing of cryogenic fluids under vacuum conditions, resonance ignition and injectors for thrust variation.
Turbo-Pump Technologies With a new project on experimental and numerical investigation of critical areas of a LOX turbopump, turbo-pump technologies of liquid propellant rocket engines will be added to the field of activities of the Space Propulsion Group.
LOX-Turbopump of Vulcain 2 engine. Photo: ESA
Research Focus Prof. Haidn’s research focuses on rocket propulsion with the main emphasis on technologies for liquid propellant rocket engines: propellant injection, ignition, combustion stability, heat transfer, cooling and life cycle analysis, nozzle flow phenomena, turbopump seals, bearings and lifing and environmentally benign propellants and in particular on dynamic processes.
Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Oskar J. Haidn
Competence The publications of the Space Propulsion Group clearly demonstrate the competence of the group in the field of rocket engine technology.
Research Scientists Dipl-Ing. Christian Bauer Maria Palma Celano, M.Sc. Chiara Boffa, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Christoph Kirchberger Meng Luo, M.Sc. Fernanda Maia, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Yuriy Metsker Dipl.-Ing. Christof Roth Dipl.-Ing. Gregor Schlieben Simona Silvestri, M.Sc. Brunno Vasques, M.Sc. Hong Ye, M.Sc. Kendong Yu, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Julian Zips
Infrastructure n CH4/O2/kerosene test facility (~ 100 bar, ~ 1.5 kg/s) n Multi-propellant test facility (~ 20 bar, 0.5 kg/s) n Scramjet facility Courses n Raumfahrtantriebe 1 (Grundlagen) n ZÜ Raumfahrtantriebe 1 n Selected Topics on Launcher Propulsion n Heat Transfer (MSE) n ZÜ Heat Transfer (MSE)
Adjunct Professors Dr.-Ing. Gerald Hagemann, Airbus Defence & Space Dr.-Ing. Oliver Knab, Airbus Defence & Space Administrative Staff Angelika Heininger
Space Propulsion Group
91
Publications 2013-14 Journals
Conference Papers
n Abu-Farah, L. Haidn, O.J., Kau, H.-P., Numerical simulations of single and multi-staged injection of H2 in a supersonic scramjet combustor, DOI:10.1016/j.jppr.2014.12.001, Propulsion and Power Research, Vol.3, Issue 4, 2014 n Verma, S.B., Haidn O.J., ‘Unsteady Shock Motions in an Over-Expanded Parabolic Rocket Nozzle’, Aerospace Science and Technology, Vol. 39, pp. 48-71, 2014 n Verma, S.B., Stark, R., Haidn, O.J., ‘Effect of Ambient Pressure Fluctuations on Dual-Bell Transition Behavior’, Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 30 (no.5), pp. 1192-1198, DOI: 10.2514/1.B35067, 2014 n Verma, S.B., Stark, R., Haidn, O.J., Reynolds Number Influence on Dual-Bell Transition Phenomena, DOI:10.2514/1.B34734, Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 602-609, 2013
n Schlieben, G., Kirchberger, C., Haidn, O.J., Höglauer, C., Kniesner, B., Knab, O., ‘Experimental and Numerical Film Cooling Investigations in a GOX/Kerosene Rocket Combustion Chamber’, AIAA-2014-4008, Cleveland, USA, 2014 n Makowka, K., Gurtner, M., Paukner, D., Sattelmayer, T., Haidn, O.J., ‘Semi-Zonal Hybrid RANS/LES Turbulence Modeling with RANS Sensor Based Interfacing Applied to Supersonic Flows’, AIAA2014-3087, Atlanta, USA, 2014 n Paukner, D., Gurtner, M., Haidn, O.J., ‘Pre-Injection Radical Production using Catalytic Fuel Treatment for Scramjet Applications’, AIAA-2014-3218, Atlanta, USA, 2014 n Silvestri, S., Celano, M.P., Schlieben, G., Kirchberger, C., Haidn, O.J., Characterization of a GOX-GCH4 Single Element Combustion Chamber, Space Propulsion 2014, 19-22 May 2014, Cologne, Germany n Celano, M.P., Silvestri, S., Schlieben, G., Kirchberger, C., Haidn, O.J., Menon, S., Numerical and experimental investigation for a GOX-GCH4 shear-coaxial injector element, Space Propulsion 2014, 19-22 May 2014, Cologne, Germany n Höglauer, C., Kniesner, B., Knab, O., Schlieben, G., Haidn, O.J., Validation of cooling film modelling in rocket combustion chambers, Space Propulsion 2014, 19-22 May 2014, Cologne, Germany n Kirchberger, C., Schlieben, G., Haidn, O.J., ‘Assessment of Film Cooling Characteristics in a GOX/ Kerosene Rocket Combustion Chamber’, AIAA-2013-4144, San Jose, CA, USA, 15-17 July 2013 n Celano, M.P., Silvestri, S., Schlieben, G., Kirchberger, C., Haidn, O.J., ‘Injector Characterization for a GOX-GCH4 Single Element Combustion Chamber’, 5th EUCASS Symposium, Munich, Germany, 1-5 July 2013 n Kirchberger, C., Schlieben, G., Haidn, O.J., ‘Experimental investigations on liquid film cooling in a GOX/kerosene rocket combustion chamber’, 5th EUCASS Symposium, Munich, Germany, 1-5 July 2013 n Höglauer, C., Kniesner, B., Knab, O., Schlieben, G., Haidn, O.J., ‘Simulation of liquid, trans-critical and gaseous cooling films’, 5th EUCASS Symposium, Munich, Germany, 1-5 July 2013 n Bauer, C., Schlieben, G., Eiringhaus, D., Haidn, O.J., ‘Design and Commission of a mobile GOX/ CH4 rocket combustion test bed for education and collegiate research’, 29th ISTS, Nagoya-Aichi, Japan, 2-9 June 2013 n Kirchberger, C., Schlieben, G., Haidn, O.J., ‘Investigation on Film Cooling in a GOX/Kerosene Rocket Combustion Chamber’, 29th International Symposium on Space Technology and Science, Nagoya-Aichi, Japan, 2-9 June 2013
Chapters in Books n Bonnal, C., Ciucci, A., Obersteiner, M.H., Haidn, O.J., ‘Launch Systems’, in ‘The International Handbook of Space Technology’, edited by Malcolm Macdonald and Viorel Badescu, Springer Verlag, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-41101-4, pp. 191-221, 2014 n Génin, C., Stark, R., Haidn, O.J., Quering, K., Frey, M., ‘Experimental and Numerical Study of Dual Bell Nozzle Flow’, in EUCASS Advances in Aerospace Sciences, Progress in Propulsion Physics Vol. 5, edited by Ph. Rejasse, D. Knight, M. Ivanov, I. Lipatov, ISBN 978-2-7598-0877-9, EDP Sciences, Les Ulis, Torus Press, Moscow, 2013 n Deeken, J., Suslov, D., Haidn, O.J., Schlechtriem, S., ‘Impact of Injection Distribution on Cryogenic Rocket Engine Stability’, in EUCASS Advances in Aerospace Sciences, Progress in Propulsion Physics Vol. 4, edited by Luigi T. DeLuca, Chris tophe Bonnal, Oskar Haidn, Sergey M. Frolov, ISBN 978-2-7598-0876-2, EDP Sciences Les Ulis, Torus Press, Moscow, pp. 149-165, 2013 n Slavinskaya, N.A., Wiegand, M.A., Starcke, J.H., Riedel, U., Haidn, O.J., ‘Kinetic Mechanism for Low-Pressure Methane/Air Combustion’, in EUCASS Advances in Aerospace Sciences, Progress in Propulsion Physics Vol. 4, edited by Luigi T. DeLuca, Christophe Bonnal, Oskar Haidn, Sergey M. Frolov, ISBN 978-2-7598-0876-2, EDP Sciences Les Ulis, Torus Press, Moscow, pp. 701-749, 2013
92
Space Propulsion Group
Invited Presentations Conferences n Haidn, O.J., ‘Research Trends in Liquid Space Propulsion’, Development Trends in Space Propulsion Systems, Warsaw, October 18-19, 2013 n Haidn, O.J., ‘Europe’s Access to Space: Past, Present & Future’, Workshop on Numerical Modelling of Rockets and Satellites, Tokyo, September 20, 2013 n Haidn, O.J., ‘Russian Rocketry Heritage’, Propulsion for Space Exploration, Milan, June 28-29, 2013
Other Invited Lectures n Fundamentals of Solid Propulsion Technologies, DLR Lampoldshausen, April 2014 n Russian Heritage in Liquid Propellant Rocket Engine Technologies, DLR, Lampoldshausen, April 2014 n Research Needs in Liquid Propellant Engines, INPE, Sao Jose dos Campos, March 2014 n Current Trends in Liquid Propulsion Research in Europe, Universidade Federal do Norte, Natal, March 2014 n Europe’s Access to Space: Past, Present and Future, Korean Aerospace Institute, Daejon, March 2014
n Current Trends in Liquid Propulsion Research in Europe, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea March 2014 n Europe’s Access to Space: Past, Present and Future, Xi’an Aerospace Propulsion Institute, Xi’an, March 2014 n Concept and Operation of the Collaborative Research Center TRR 40 on Fundamental Technologies of Liquid Rocket Propulsion, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, March, 2014 n Europe’s Access to Space: Past, Present and Future, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, March 2014 n Current Trends in Liquid Propulsion Research in Europe, Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute, Beijing, March 2014 n Research Needs in Liquid Propellant Engines, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, September 2013 n European Space Transportation: Lessons Learnt, JAXA, Tokyo, September 2013
Space Propulsion Group
93
Institute for Helicopter Technology Performance, efficiency and safety for rotorcraft
n The Institute of Helicopter Technology centered its activities in 2013-14 on various aspects of rotorcraft engineering. High levels of flight safety at achievable cost and competitive performance are a permanent motivation for leading edge research. The rotor with its flexible blades demands for simulation models in rotor aeromechanics – characterized by a strong coupling of elastic blade motion and non-stationary flow phenomena. Modelling of dynamic blade stall or discontinuous structural properties are among the key areas of to-date rotor analysis. Often enough, technical problems ask for inter-disciplinary research in order to explore solutions, as it is the case for engine integration. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Manfred Hajek Contact www.ht.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.16300
Early 2014, the research simulator at the Institute was coupled with the engine test bed from the Institute of Flight Propulsion for a unique simulation campaign. A helicopter turbine engine with a modified compressor section was able to run up within 2 instead of previously 30 sec. This would allow to shut down one engine during cruise flight and save up to 30% of fuel! In case of an engine failure, this quick start would help to avoid critical situations
but still some altitude loss would occur. Therefore, engine test bed and simulator were coupled (‘Hardware-in-the-loop’) and test campaign were flown by a former helicopter test pilot. This failure case demonstration – a unique event within the rotorcraft community – was presented at the 2014 European Rotorcraft Forum in Southampton (UK), and the EASA Rotorcraft Symposium in Cologne.
Aeromechanical Modelling of Helicopter Rotors Helicopter rotors have to be compromise solutions. The flow situation varies from nearly stationary during hover flight to highly nonlinear in fast forward flight. Blades can be under extreme bending (on ground!) or tension loads (high rpm). The optimal design has to satisfy performance requirements, it should have sufficient static and dynamic stability, and its empty weight contribution should be minimal. Adequate modelling of the rotor behavior is necessary including several highly unsteady and nonlinear phenomena, which need to be considered for design optimization. During fast forward flight or at maneuvers with a high load factor dynamic stall occurs at the rotor blades, resulting in a tremendous increase of loads and vibrations. Numerical modelling of this dynamic flow separation is computationally expensive and therefore reduced order methods are developed to allow consideration during early design phase. Close vicinity of rotors, fuselage, empennage, etc. leads to a series of interaction effects. The prediction of these phenom 94
Institute for Helicopter Technology
ena is still a challenging task, even with today’s computational capabilities. Advanced numerical methods for the simulation of interactional aerodynamics are developed and evaluated, aiming at the mitigation of uncertainties during the helicopter development process. Projects n BMWi (LuFo) project ‘rotor-fuselage interference models’ n BMWi (LuFo) project ‘dynamic stall models for BEM implementations’
Certifiability of Electro-Mechanical Actuators in Primary Flight Controls The recent trend towards the electrification of modern aircraft and helicopters led to the development of electro-mechanical actuators (EMA). EMAs shall replace stateof-the-art hydraulic actuators in primary and secondary flight controls resulting in a lower total weight of the aircraft and lower cost for maintenance. Particularly safetycritical applications like the actuation of the swash plate of a helicopter pose a challenge in terms of certifiability. Furthermore, concepts for monitoring the health and the actual usage of an EMA, the usage of virtual testing for the qualification of the EMA as well as the development of a process to be able to certify only parts of the aircraft instead of the entire aircraft
(modular certification) are being research ed by our institute within the scope of this project. Projects n EU project actuation 2015 (FP7)
Pilot Assistance for Degraded Visual Environment
Despite today’s achievements in active and passive safety measures, helicopter flight still requires research efforts e.g. for flight in degraded visual environments (DVE). To overcome the challenge of extending the flight envelope to such degraded visual conditions, current research focuses on head-mounted displays with 3Dconformal (scene-linked) visual cues for pilot assistance. ‘Pilot-in-the-loop’ Simulations are required to increase the maturity of this technology. New approaches and concepts of displaying 3D-conformal information are
developed to reduce visual clutter and to enable spatial situation awareness. Thus, landing zone symbols together with terrain and obstacle information can be displayed for collision avoidance. Furthermore, ‘Brownout’ or ‘Whiteout’ situations, describing the entrainment of dense clouds of sand or snow by the rotorcraft’s downwash, may degrade the pilot’s vision and complicate his assessment of the rotorcraft’s position and orientation. Thus, real-time capable downwash simulation models are developed in order to increase simulation fidelity.
Institute for Helicopter Technology
95
Research Focus n Nonlinear rotor modelling n Dynamic stall n Pilot assistance n Flight safety
Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Manfred Hajek, Director
Competence n Rotor flow field n Coupled rotor-fuselage simulation n Flight simulation n HIL simulation
Administrative Staff Martina Thieme
Infrastructure n Research simulator with 6 image channels (>200° horiz., -50°/+30° vert.) terrain and image data bases, head tracking system n Test rig for blade root structures (leadlag and flap) n Optical strain measurement system (Fibre Bragg-gratings) Lectures in: n Introduction to Aeronautics (Rotorcraft) n Rotorcraft Flight Physics I/II n Helicopter Design I/II n Helicopter Systems n Flight Safety and Certification n Helicopter Flight Dynamics and Control n Instrument Flight for Helicopters
Adjunct Professors Hon.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ulrich Butter
Research Scientists Dr. Jürgen Rauleder (since Nov. 2014) Dipl.-Ing. Philipp Andersch Dipl.-Ing. Aaron Barth Dipl.-Ing. Roland Feil Dipl.-Ing. Ludwig Friedmann Dipl.-Ing. Stephanie Manner Dipl.-Ing. Oliver Oberinger, Ingénieur SUPAERO Dipl.-Ing. Simon Radler Dipl.-Ing. Dominik Schicker Dipl.-Ing. Christian Spieß Dipl.-Ing. Sören Süße Dipl.-Ing. Franz Viertler Dominik Wirth, M.Sc. Stephan Platzer, M.Sc. (since Oct. 2014)
Publications 2013-14 n Spieß, C., Kerler, M., Hajek, M. (2014): Effects on Helicopter Dynamics in Case of Engine Failure During Intended Single Engine Operation. 40th European Rotorcraft Forum. n Barth, A. Feil, R., Kondak, K., Hajek, M. (2014): Conceptual Study for an Autonomous Rotorcraft for Extreme Altitudes. 40th European Rotorcraft Forum. n Schicker, D., Hajek, M. (2014): Influence of Periodically Varying Incident Velocity on the Application of Semi-Empirical Dynamic Stall Models. STABSymposium. n Hajek, M., Mindt, M. (2014): 50 Years After The Bo46 First Flight – Would We Do Better Now? Annual Forum Proceedings – AHS International.
96
Institute for Helicopter Technology
n Friedmann, L., Ohmer, P., Hajek, M. (2014): Real-Time Simulation of Rotorcraft Downwash in Proximity of Complex Obstacles using Grid-Based Approaches. Annual Forum Proceedings – AHS International. n Amri, H., Feil, R., Hajek, M., Weigand, M. (2014): Übersetzungsvariable Getriebe für Drehflügler. 63. Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress. n Oberinger, O., Hajek, M. (2013): Analysis of complex rotor-airframe coupled instabilities by energy flow considerations. Annual Forum Proceedings – AHS International.
Institute of Flight System Dynamics Making innovations fly in certified products of small and medium-sized aerospace companies
n As part of Technische Universität München’s department of mechanical engineering, we are devoted to analyzing and modifying the dynamic characteristics of aerial platforms. Our passionate team is committed to mature cutting-edge technologies that are required to incept the flight system behavior of tomorrow. During the last years we have acquired all the experience which is needed along the whole process of making control ideas fly. This includes modeling and system identification, controller design and implementation in real aircraft. Our research areas are presented in the following sections. The research infrastructure includes several flight simulators, test rigs, and manned and
unmanned aircraft. We have established important partnerships and synergies with top research institutions and leading industrial players in the field of aerospace. Our ultimate goal is the development and the application of innovative approaches tailored to real world applications and products, as well as to the demanding challenges of tomorrow.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Florian Holzapfel Contact www.fsd.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.16061
Flight Guidance and Flight Control Among the various fields of research oriented towards the development of aerospace engineering, the area of flight guidance and control as well as flight management of manned and unmanned systems is particularly challenging and practically relevant. One of the main objectives of TUM FSD’s flight control and flight guidance research group is to develop new concepts and methods of guidance and control designs and to practically evaluate their benefits for manned and unmanned aerial vehicles. Research activities encompass automatic take-off and landing, trajectory generation and inner- and outer loop controllers based on nonlinear and adaptive flight control or robust flight control. Notable achievements in 2013-2014 include the development of a holistic ‘Active fly-by-wire control concept’ specifically dedicated to airworthiness enhancement for future general aviation aircraft, the design, layout and analysis of robust controllers for excellence in handling qualities with respect to the DA42 as reference configuration and the verification, evaluation and validation of flight control systems by means of innovative flight simulator test campaigns. Experiments on brain-controlled aircraft flight in the scope of an EU funded project attracted international attention of experts and media. The
flight control and flight guidance group has successfully completed several research projects and has acquired new collaborations with the industry. Project results and ongoing research have been presented at AIRTEC 2013 and 2014, ILA 2014 and various scientific conferences. Projects n Affording safe, highly reliable and affordable automation for aerospace systems (TUM-IAS) n Development of an autopilot using a modular architecture for CS-23 aircraft and model-based development of functional algorithms for safety critical systems (BMWi) n Development of a voice commanded autopilot for integration of UAS into civil airspace (BMWi) n Total capability approach to highly accurate and safe guidance applied to an automatic landing system (BMWi) n Development of an autopilot for RPAS with fixed-wing, rotary-wing or hybrid configuration (BMWi) n Development of the flight control system for an unstable tailless jet (industry) n Model-based development of a certifiable avionics system for unmanned aerial vehicles of 5kg to 2000kg (industry).
Simulator tests on brain controlled flight (Photo: A. Heddergott/TU München)
Institute of Flight System Dynamics
97
Modeling, Simulation, Parameter Estimation and Flight Safety The research group Modelling, Simulation, Parameters Estimation and Flight Safety focuses on the modelling of flight vehicle systems on the one hand and predictive analysis tools on the other hand. The parameter estimation approach is based on measured input- and output data of the real system. Flight vehicle system identification focuses on the aircraft dynamics and on modeling the forces and moments that act on it. The result is a validated model with known uncertainty bounds that is reliable in a known region of the flight envelope. System identification techniques allow to compare and combine dynamic models from very different sources, e.g. from flight test data, wind-tunnel tests or computational fluid dynamics, leading to very accurate results. The system identification group focuses on unmanned aerial systems and general aviation aircraft. In doing so the group is contributing to many projects. This includes the modeling of fixed wing aircraft, helicopter and multicopter systems. The identified models were used as the basis for e.g. the model based design of flight control systems and as flight dynamics model in high fidelity flight simulators. The flight safety part focuses on the
quantification of the incident probabilities for a given airline based on information about the flight operation. Predictive analysis, which is conducted at our institute, refers to making a quantitative statement about a future state or condition based on previous experience or knowledge. It focuses on quantifying the probabilities of serious incidents for an individual airline, which are extremely small, yet not equal to zero. Predictive analysis will be an integral part of the box of tools that will keep the skies of tomorrow safe! Projects n Research and development of a core simulation model for a small aircraft (industry) n Robust in-flight identification (Bayr. Forschungsstiftung) n Concept and implementation of a safety management system for the improvement of flight safety (BMWi) n Robust detection of safety critical events in flight data (ZIM) n Modular training simulator system for UAS (ZIM)
Trajectory Optimization The Trajectory Optimization Research Group at FSD develops tailored optimal control methods and applies them to flying systems and air traffic related problems. Besides the calculation of fuel and time minimal trajectories for a single aircraft, the determination of noise minimal routes as well as the optimization of complex air traffic scenarios have become more and more important during the last years. In these, multiple aircraft are guided through a given airspace sector minimizing the environmental impacts or the operational costs for the airlines. Of course, safety has the highest priority and separation constraints have to be 98
Institute of Flight System Dynamics
Noise minimized approach route to an airport
guaranteed at any time. Furthermore, for all applications it has to be taken care for all aircraft-related envelope constraints as well as all regulatory constraints to ensure realistic solutions. The results of the
calculations have also been used within a commercial tunnel in the sky system proofing their usability. To be able to solve all those problems efficiently, an optimal control toolbox has been developed in MATLAB/Simulink that can be used to solve trajectory optimization problems from several branches. A special feature of the toolbox is the ability to solve bi-level optimal control problems. In this type of problems multiple optimal control problems are nested within a parameter optimization problem. This way, many new applications have become possible. One of them is the optimization of approach and departure routes with respect to noise in scenarios where all aircraft are flying cost optimal. Another application is the optimization of air race courses with respect to safety criteria assuming all pilots flying through the course in minimal time.
Furthermore, optimal control problems where not only continuous values are sought but additional discrete controls or decisions are to be determined can be solved. For flight systems this is especially relevant when discrete controls are involved in the optimization process like the flaps settings or the gear positions that can only take predefined positions with no intermediate values allowed. Projects n Simulation of environmental impacts of aviation for air traffic controller education (AiF) n Adaptation of WORHP to avionics constraints (EU) n Use of different modeling fidelities within optimal control problems (DFG) n Modeling, simulation and optimization of exo-atmospheric rockets (industry)
Avionics and Safety Critical Systems Traditionally, the research at FSD was focused on functions and algorithms. With the new focus on prototyping application systems with small and medium enterprises as main partners for UAS/RPAS and general aviation aircraft, implementation aspects have gained high importance. With the cost, weight, volume and other constraints of the markets addressed and the limited personal and financial resources of typical SMEs, a transfer of solutions, processes, components and tools from large and military aviation would lead to a gigantic failure. Based on the specific requirements of the market considered and utilizing disruptive technologies and innovations from nonaerospace domains, tailored processes, tools and solutions are required. Research focuses are model-based design of functional algorithms for guidance, navigation and control applications, model-based safety assessment as well as the development of avionics system architectures and the contributing components (flight control computers, data concentrator units, electromechanical actuators, navigation systems and power system components). The work
is accomplished in close collaboration with highly innovative SMEs, manufacturers of RPAS and general aviation aircraft as well as tool vendors. Projects n Development of certifiable flight control system architectures for RPAS up to 150kg MTOW (ZIM) n Development of internally redundant electro-mechanical actuators with backup flight control capabilities (ZIM) n Enhancements on model-based development processes and tools for flight-worthy certifiable software n Development of certifiable flight control system architectures for RPAS above 150kg MTOW (industry) n Development of a system and software development process for certifiable avionics (industry) n Physical modeling and simulation of avionics systems failure behavior n Assisted model validation against safety requirements using failure simulation
Institute of Flight System Dynamics
99
Sensors, Navigation and Data Fusion Navigation systems and sensors provide essential information on aircraft state required for flight control and guidance, such as position and angular rate. Consequently, the performance of flight control greatly depends on navigation accuracy. In addition, safe and successful mission accomplishment requires high availability and robustness of navigation with respect to faults or disturbances. The Navigation Research Group at FSD studies the application of innovative methods that enable reduction of navigation system size, weight, power and cost. The focus lies on data fusion of various sensor measurements carrying independent information and inertial navigation in integrated navigation systems.
Research Focus n Flight guidance and flight control n Modeling, simulation, parameter estimation and flight safety n Trajectory optimization n Avionics and safety critical systems n Sensors, navigation & data fusion Competence n Simulation of aerospace systems n Development of GNC functions in accordance to aerospace standards n Trajectory optimization under application relevant constraints n Airline operational safety assessment Infrastructure n Multiple fixed and rotary wing UAS/ RPAS n Three flight simulators (from research to level 6 FTD) n Two manned research aircraft serving as flying test bed, one of them with active access to flight controls n HIL test benches
100
Institute of Flight System Dynamics
Integrated navigation
Projects n Satellite navigation n Surface, image and model-aided navigation n Fault-tolerant ADAHRS
Courses n Introduction to Flight System Dynamics and Flight Control n Flight System Dynamics I/II n Flight Control I/II n Flight Guidance I n Development of Flight Control Systems n Nonlinear Adaptive Flight Control n Flight Dynamics Challenges of Highly Augmented Aircraft I/II n Aircraft Trajectory Optimization n Navigation and Data Fusion n Flight System Identification and Parameter Estimation n Fundamentals of Practical Flight Lab n Flight Guidance Lab n Flight Testing Lab n Flight Control Lab n Optimal Control Lab
Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Florian Holzapfel, Director Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dr. h.c. Gottfried Sachs (ret.) Prof. Dr.-Ing. Otto Wagner Dr.-Ing. Matthias Heller Adjunct Professors/Lecturers Dr.-Ing. Dipl.-Math. techn. Johann Dambeck Dr.-Ing. Matthias Heller Administrative Staff Monica Kleinoth-Gross Research Scientists Sravan Akkinapalli, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Thaddäus Baier Fedor Baklanov, M.Sc. (Scholar) Dipl.-Ing. Bernhard Baur (Scholar) Dipl.-Ing. Magnus Bichlmeier (Scholar) Dr.-Ing. Thomas Bierling (until 06/2013) Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Bittner Dipl.-Ing. Benjamin Braun (until 12/2013, then external) Dipl.-Ing. Stanislav Braun Yahao Cheng, M.Sc. (Scholar) Farhana Chew, M.Sc. (Scholar) Dipl.-Ing. Christoph Dörhöfer Dipl.-Ing. Ludwig Drees Dipl.-Ing. Christian Eitner (until 02/2014, then external) Dipl.-Ing. Guillermo Falconi Dipl.-Ing. Tim Fricke, Ingénieur Supaéro Dipl.-Ing. Agnes Gabrys Dipl.-Ing. Markus Geiser Dipl.-Ing. Lorenz Görcke Dipl.-Ing. Christoph Göttlicher M.Sc. Benedikt Grüter, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Stefan Hager Akinori Harada, M.Eng. (Scholar, visiting PhD student) Dipl.-Ing. Christian Heise (Scholar) Dipl.-Ing. Markus Hochstraßer Dr.-Ing. Leonhard Höcht (until 06/2014) Lukas Höhndorf, M.Sc.
Dipl.-Ing. Markus Hornauer (Scholar) Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Jaros (until 08/2014, then external) Dipl.-Ing. Erik Karlsson Christoph Krause, M.Sc Dr.-Ing. Michael Kriegel Martin Kügler, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Patrick Lauffs Miquel Leitao, M.Sc. (Scholar) Dipl.-Ing. Jakob Lenz Dipl.-Ing. David Löbl Arnab Maity, PhD Dipl.-Ing. Maximilian Mühlegg Dipl.-Ing. Nils Mumm Dipl.-Ing. Kajetan Nürnberger Dipl.-Ing. Florian Peter (until 08/2014, then external) Dipl.-Ing. Lars Peter Idris Putro, M.Sc. (Scholar) Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Raffler Dipl.-Ing. Maximilian Richter Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Rieck (Scholar) Simon Schatz, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Volker Schneider Dipl.-Ing. Christopher Schropp Dr.-Ing. Falko Schuck (until 10/2013) Jeanette Seewald, M.Sc. Javensius Sembiring, M.T. (Scholar) Dipl.-Ing. Philip Spiegel Lukas Steinert, M.Sc. (Scholar) Dipl.-Ing. David Tromba Chong Wang, M.Sc. Jian Wang, M.Sc. Zhongjie Wang, M.Eng. Dipl.-Ing. Michael Weingartner (until 09/2013, then external) Dipl.-Ing. Maximilian Westenkirchner (Scholar) Dipl.-Ing. Alexander Wille Dipl.-Ing. Philip Wolze (until 05/2014, then external) Dipl.-Ing. Simona Wulf Fubiao Zhang, M.Eng. Alexander Zollitsch, M.Sc.
Institute of Flight System Dynamics
101
Publications 2013-14 n Crocoll, Philipp; Görcke, Lorenz; Trommer, G.; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Unified Model Technique for Inertial Navigation Aided by Vehicle Dynamics, Model. In: NAVIGATION 60 (3). n Fisch, Florian; Bittner, Matthias; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): Optimal Scheduling of Fuel-Minimal Approach Trajectories. In: Journal of Aerospace Operations. n Traugott, Johannes; Nesterova, A. P.; Sachs, Gottfried (2013): The Flight of the Albatros. In: IEEE Spectrum July (2013), pp. 46–54. n Bichlmeier, Markus; Holzapfel, Florian; Xargay, Enric; Hovakimyan, Naira (2013): L1 Adaptive Augmentation of a Helicopter Baseline Controller. In: AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GNC) Conference. Boston, MA. n Bierling, Thomas; Höcht, Leonhard; Merkl, Christian; Maier, Rudolf; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Similarities of Hedging and L1 Adaptive Control. In: CEAS EuroGNC. Delft, The Netherlands. n Bierling, Thomas; Mühlegg, Maximilian; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Reference Model Modification for Robust Performance Conservation of Model Reference Adaptive Controllers. In: AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GNC) Conference. Boston, MA. n Bittner, Matthias; Bruhs, Philip; Richter, Maximilian; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): An Automatic Mesh Refinement Method for Aircraft Trajectory Optimization Problems. In: AIAA GNC and Co-Located Conferences. Boston, MA. n Bittner, Matthias; Fleischmann, Benjamin; Richter, Maximilian; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): Optimization of ATM Scenarios Considering Overall and Single Costs. In: 6th International Conference on Research in Air Transportation. Istanbul, Turkey, 26-30 May 2014. n Bittner, Matthias; Hornfeck, Christoph; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Optimization of Mid to Long Range Flights Considering Air-to-Air Refueling for Fuel Savings. In: EUCASS 2013. München. n Braun, Stanislav; Geiser, Markus; Heller, Matthias; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): Configuration Assessment and Preliminary Control Law Design for a Novel Diamond-Shaped UAV. In: International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS). Orlando, FL, USA, May 27-30. n Chowdhary, Girish; Mühlegg, Maximilian; How, J. P.; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Concurrent Learning Adaptive Model Predictive Control. In: CEAS EuroGNC. Delft, The Netherlands. n Chudy, Peter; Vlk, Jan; Leitao, Miguel; Stroscher, Felix (2013): Evolution Driven Controller Design for Aeroservoelastic Aircraft. In: AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference. Boston, MA. n Crocoll, Philipp; Görcke, Lorenz; Trommer, G.; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Unified Model Technique for Inertial Navigation Aided by Vehicle Dynamics Model. In: Proceedings of the 2013 International Technical Meeting of The Institute of Navigation. San Diego, CA. n Drees, Ludwig; Haselhofer, Heiko; Sembiring, Javensius; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Modeling the Flare Maneuver Performed by Airline Pilots Using Flight Operation Data. In: AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference. Boston, MA. n Drees, Ludwig; Wang, Chong; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): Using Subset Simulation to Quantify Stakeholder Contribution to Runway Overrun. In: PSAM12 Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management. Honolulu, HI, MA, 22-27 June 2014.
102
Institute of Flight System Dynamics
n Eitner, Christian; Braun, Stanislav; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Autoland Controller Design Procedure based on Total System Error Concept for a Small UAV Aircraft. In: AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GNC) Conference. Boston, MA. n Eitner, Christian; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Automatic Landing System using SBAS and Electro Optical Sensor Measurement Data. In: UAV World Conference. Frankfurt am Main, Germany. n Eitner, Christian; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Development of a Navigation Solution for an Image Aided Automatic Landing System. In: ION PNT. Honolulu, USA. n Eitner, Christian; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Total System Performance Concept applied to the Development of an Image Aided Automatic UAV Landing System. In: UAV World Conference. Frankfurt am Main, Germany. n Falconi, Guillermo; Fritsch, Oliver; Lohmann, Boris; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Admissible Thrust Control Laws for Quadrotor Position Tracking. In: Proceedings of the American Control Conference 2013. Washington DC, USA. n Falconi, Guillermo; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Position Tracking of a Multicopter using a Geometric Backstepping Control Law. In: CEAS EuroGNC. Delft, The Netherlands. n Fricke, Tim; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): Applying Brain Machine Interfaces to Aicraft Control: Potentials and Challenges. In: DGLR-Bericht 2014-01. Der Mensch zwischen Automatisierung, Kompetenz und Verantwortung. Ottobrunn. n Heise, Christian; Leitao, Miguel; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Performance and Robustness Metrics for Adaptive Flight Control – Available Approaches. In: AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GNC) Conference. Boston, MA. n Höcht, Leonhard; Bierling, Thomas; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): Ultimate Boundedness Theorem for Model Reference Adaptive Control Systems. In: AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference. National Harbour Maryland, USA. n Höhndorf, Lukas; Sembiring, Javensius; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): Copulas applied to Flight Data Analysis. In: Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management PSAM. Honolulu, Hawaii. n Leitao, Miguel; Peter, Florian; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Adaptive Augmentation of a Fighter Aircraft Autopilot Using a Nonlinear Reference Model. In: CEAS EuroGNC. Delft, The Netherlands. n Löbl, David; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): High Fidelity Simulation Model of an Aerial Refueling Boom and Receptacle. In: DGLR, Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress. Stuttgart. n Löbl, David; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): Simulation Analysis of a Sensor Data Fusion for Close Formation Flight. In: AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference. National Harbour Maryland, USA. n Mühlegg, Maximilian; Chowdhary, Girish; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Optimizing Reference Commands for Concurrent Learning Adaptive Optimal Control of Uncertain Dynamical Systems. In: AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GNC) Conference. Boston, MA. n Mühlegg, Maximilian; Chowdhary, Girish; How, J. P.; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Adaptive-Optimal Control of Constrained Nonlinear Uncertain Dynamical Systems using Concurrent Learning Model Predictive Control. In: AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GNC) Conference. Boston, MA.
n Mühlegg, Maximilian; Dauer, C. J.; Dittrich, Jörg; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Adaptive Trajectory Con troller for Generic Fixed-Wing Unmanned Aircraft. In: CEAS EuroGNC. Delft, The Netherlands. n Narang-Siddarth, A.; Peter, Florian; Holzapfel, Florian; Valasek, J. (2014): Autopilot for a Nonlinear Non-Minimum Phase Tail-Controlled Missile. In: AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference. National Harbour Maryland, USA. n Peter, Florian; Hellmundt, Fabian; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Anti-Windup Command Filtered Adaptive Backstepping Autopilot Design for a Tail-Controlled Air-Defense Missile. In: AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GNC) Conference. Boston, MA. n Raffler, Thomas; Wang, Jian; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Path Generation and Control for Unmanned Multirotor Vehicles Using Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion and Pseudo Control Hedging. In: 19th IFAC Symposium on Automatic Control. Würzburg. n Richter, Maximilian; Bittner, Matthias; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Noise Minimal Approaches on Parallel Runways. In: 4th International Air Transport and Operations Symposium. Toulouse, France. n Richter, Maximilian; Bittner, Matthias; Rieck, Matthias; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): A Realistic Flight Path Parameterization for Calculation of Noise Minimal Trajectories using Bi-level Optimal Control. In: AIAA GNC and Co-Located Conferences. National Harbor Maryland, USA. n Richter, Maximilian; Hochstrasser, Markus; Bittner, Matthias; Walter, Leif; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): Application of MINLP Techniques to Conflict Resolution of Multiple Aircraft. In: AIAA GNC and Co- located Conferences. National Harbor Maryland, USA. n Richter, Maximilian; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Robust Noise Optimal Approach Trajectories. In: AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GNC) Conference. Boston, MA. n Rieck, Matthias; Richter, Maximilian; Bittner, Matthias; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): Generation of Initial Guesses for Optimal Control Problems with Mixed Integer Dependent Constraints. In: ICAS 29th International Conference 2014. St. Petersburg. n Rieck, Matthias; Richter, Maximilian; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Discrete Control Dependent Constraints in Multiple Shooting Optimal Control Problems. In: AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GNC) Conference. Boston, MA. n Sachs, Gottfried; Traugott, Johannes; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Dynamic Soaring of Albatrosses over Land. In: AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference. Boston, MA. n Schatz, Simon P.; Yucelen, Tansel; Johnson, Eric N. (2013): Constrained adaptive control with transient and steady-state performance guarantees. In: CEAS EuroGNC. Delft, The Netherlands. n Schatz, Simon P.; Yucelen, Tansel; Johnson, Eric N.; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Constraint Enforcement Methods for Command Governor based Adaptive Control of Uncertain Dynamical Systems. In: AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GNC) Conference. Boston, MA. n Sembiring, Javensius; Höhndorf, Lukas; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): Bayesian Approach Implementation on Quick Access Recorder Data for Estimating Parameters and Model Validation. In: Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management PSAM. Honolulu, Hawaii. n Seywald, Klaus; Hellmundt, Fabian; Wildschek, Andreas; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): Airworthiness Investigation of a Highly Nonplanar Flexible Wing Concept. In: 29th Congress of International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences. St. Petersburg, Russia, 7-12 September 2014.
n Wang, Chong; Drees, Ludwig; Gissibl, Nadine; Höhndorf, Lukas; Sembiring, Javensius; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): Quantification of Incident Probabilities Using Physical and Statistical Approaches. In: 6th International Conference on Research in Air Transportation. Istanbul, Turkey, 26-30 May 2014. n Wang, Chong; Drees, Ludwig; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): Incident Prediction using Subset Simulation. In: 29th Congress of International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences. St. Petersburg, Russia, 7-12 September 2014. n Wang, Jian; Holzapfel, Florian; Peter, Florian (2013): Comparison of Dynamic Inversion and Backstepping Control with Application to a Quadrotor. In: CEAS EuroGNC. Delft, The Netherlands. n Wang, Jian; Holzapfel, Florian; Xargay, Enric; Hovakimyan, Naira (2013): Non-cascaded Dynamic Inversion Design for Quadrotor Position Control with L1 Augmentation. In: CEAS EuroGNC. Delft, The Netherlands. n Zhang, Fubiao; Braun, Stanislav; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): Physically Integrated Reference Model and Its Aids in Validation of Requirements to Flight Control Systems. In: AIAA GNC and Co-Located Conferences. Boston, MA. n Zhang, Fubiao; Holzapfel, Florian; Heller, Matthias (2013): Nonlinear Non-Cascaded Reference Model Architecture for Flight Control Design. In: AIAA GNC and Co-Located Conferences. Boston, MA. n Akkinapalli, Venkata Sravan; Falconi, Guillermo; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): Attitude control of a multicopter using L1 augmented quaternion based backstepping. In: Aerospace Electronics and Remote Sensing Technology (ICARES), 2014 IEEE International. Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 13-14 Nov. 2014: IEEE, pp. 170-178. n Blum, Christopher; Braun, Benjamin; Dambeck, Johann; Martin, Kägi (2014): Inertial Laboratory Simulation. In: DGON Inertial Sensors and Systems (ISS) Symposium Gyro Technology. Karlsruhe, Germany. n Chowdhary, Girish; Mühlegg, Maximilian; How, Jonathan P.; Holzapfel, Florian (2013): A Concurrent Learning Adaptive Optimal Control Architecture for Nonlinear Systems. In: IEEE Conference on Decision and Control. Firenze, Italy. n Falconi, Guillermo; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): Position tracking of a hexacopter using a geometric backstepping control law - Experimental results. In: Aerospace Electronics and Remote Sensing Technology (ICARES), 2014 IEEE International. Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 13-14 Nov. 2014: IEEE, pp. 20-25. n Heise, Christian; Falconi, Guillermo; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): Hexacopter outdoor flight test results of an Extended State Observer based controller. In: Aerospace Electronics and Remote Sensing Technology (ICARES), 2014 IEEE International. Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 13-14 Nov. 2014: IEEE, pp. 26-33. n Heller, Matthias; Baier, Thaddäus; Schuck, Falko (2013): Lateral Fly by Wire Control System Dedicated to Future Small Aircraft. In: CEAS EuroGNC. Delft, The Netherlands, pp. 353-372. n Lauffs, Patrick J.; Hochstrasser, Markus; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): Real-time Simulation of Nonlinear Transmission Behavior in Electro-Mechanical Flight Control Systems. In: Aerospace Electronics and Remote Sensing Technology (ICARES), 2014 IEEE International. Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 13-14 Nov. 2014: IEEE, pp. 39-47.
Institute of Flight System Dynamics
103
n Mühlegg, Maximilian; Niermeyer, Philipp; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): Reference command shaping for approximate dynamic inversion based model Reference Adaptive Control. In: Aerospace Electronics and Remote Sensing Technology (ICARES), 2014 IEEE International. Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 13-14 Nov. 2014: IEEE, pp. 179-184. n Richter, Maximilian; Bittner, Matthias; Rieck, Matthias; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): A Non-Cooperative Bi-Level Optimal Control Problem Formulation for Noise Minimal Departure Trajectories. In: ICAS 29th International Conference. St. Petersburg. n Rieck, Matthias; Richter, Maximilian; Bittner, Matthias; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): Optimal trajectories for RPAS with discrete controls and discrete constraints. In: Aerospace Electronics and Remote Sensing Technology (ICARES), 2014 IEEE International. Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 13-14 Nov. 2014: IEEE, pp. 34–38. n Sand, Stephan; Zhang, Siwei; Mühlegg, Maximilian; Falconi, Guillermo; Zhu, Chen; Krüger, Thomas; Nowak, Stefan (2013): Swarm Exploration and Navigation on Mars. In: International Conference on Localization and GNSS. Turin, Italy.
104
Institute of Flight System Dynamics
n Schatz, Simon P.; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): Modular trajectory/path following controller using nonlinear error dynamics. In: Aerospace Electronics and Remote Sensing Technology (ICARES), 2014 IEEE International. Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 13-14 Nov. 2014: IEEE, pp. 157-163. n Wang, Jian; Löbl, David; Raffler, Thomas; Holzapfel, Florian (2014): Kinematic Modelling and Control Design for an Aerial Refuelling Task. In: Applied Aerodynamics Conference 2014. Bristol, 22.-24.07.2014. n Zander, Thorsten O; Fricke, Tim; Holzapfel, Florian; Gramann, Klaus (2014): Applying Brain-Computer Interfaces outside the lab – Piloting a plane with active BCI. In: 6th International Brain-Computer Interface Conference 2014. Graz, Austria, 16.-19. September 2014.
Institute of Aircraft Design Applied aircraft design for civil aviation and unmanned aerial systems
n In 2013-14 the research focus of the Institute of Aircraft Design has been on the further enhancement of the integrated aircraft design environment enabling aircraft design studies as well as operational analysis on mission performance. Multiple test systems have been established to verify design data gathered in simulation based design. A highlight was first test of a fully integrated propulsion system for a demonstrator air vehicle featuring a curved inlet and nozzle system for a jet engine. For civil aircraft designs and operations the capabilities in the operational assessment have been enhanced with respect to noise and emission assessment as well as quantifying the capacity impact on airport operations.
The optimization of reduced noise configurations has been enabled through an innovative noise assessment procedure developed for small aircraft.
Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mirko Hornung Contact www.lls.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.15981
UAS System Testing and Demonstration
Propeller performance testing
Testing of aircraft concepts and single systems are core research tasks at the Institute for Aircraft Design. Test facilities are established to test, among others, motors, propellers, integrated jet propulsion systems, fuel cell systems and actuation systems. The institute operates an UAS research platform to perform inflight testing of novel system concepts and mission systems. The IMPULLS (Innovative Modular Payload UAS – LLS) system is a fixed wing
unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) research platform. The endurance of 75 minutes with electric propulsion and high payload ratio and modularity is unique in its class. During its mission the air vehicle is autonomously guided by an autopilot that comprises the flight control system and an integrated navigation system which provides inertial, magnetic and air data for the flight control computer. Redundancy is given for most of the electric and electro-mechanical systems in order to achieve a high safety standard.
Research UAS: IMPULLS
Institute of Aircraft Design
105
Air Transport Fleet Development and Environmental Assessment
Novel aircraft concept for high capacity short range operations
Students of the 2014 scenario process
106
Institute of Aircraft Design
Aviation has defined ambitious targets for the reduction of the environmental impact of air transport. A comprehensive methodology for the development and assessment of future aircraft technologies has been elaborated at the institute to determine the impact new technologies have at system-wide level, i.e., considering the global air transport fleet. With the help of scenario-planning techniques, multiple future scenarios are created that define alternative development paths of all important regional markets in commercial air transport. The core principle of the technology assessment methodology is a mathematical simulation model of the global airliner fleet that is capable of dynamically calculating the time- and market-specific fleet size, composition, and age distribution, while taking into account the market conditions stipulated by the predefined future scenarios. Preliminary results of the research project have led to the creation of a new high-capacity turboprop aircraft concept that is designed to serve quickly growing short-range markets (e.g. in China) while significantly reducing energy consumption per passenger transported. CO2 emissions and the noise impact are main environmental factors influencing the future development of aviation. Especially
the noise impact is a key criterion for the required capacity increase of the air transport system. The Institute of Aircraft Design identifies the noise sources of current aircraft and discusses main drivers and influences of aircraft design characteristics on noise emission, all aiming at the question: How can we reduce the noise impact of aviation? For example, in an industry project the expected ground noise of a future propeller-driven aircraft during an early conceptual design stage was estimated. In order to reduce noise pollution in the vicinity of airports, a variety of different operational procedures, infrastructural possibilities and official instruments capable of reducing noise are compared. In this, new operational procedures enabling the reduction ground noise, so called noise abatement procedures (NAP), are simulated not only for single types of aircraft, but on entire aircraft fleets. Calculations confirm the significant potential of modified approach and departure procedures when aiming for reduced community noise. As boundary conditions for the global air transport sector are sensitive to global and regional developments and trends, regular scenario studies are performed between industry and the Institute of Aircraft Design. Combining students and experts allow for a thorough analysis of future developments and the derivation of impacts and ways of action for the different aviation stakeholders. During the spring months of 2014, students alongside with industry experts from Airbus, Bauhaus Luftfahrt, Airbus Group Innovation, Munich Airport, and TrendOne joined forces to perform a scenario study under the supervision of the Institute of Aircraft Design. This year’s study ‘Virtualization of Air Transport 2025+’ identified possible crucial changes within the future aviation system and revealed resulting consequences for the different stakeholders.
UAS Aircraft Design
Simulated UAS mission utilizing an optical sensor
The design of unmanned air systems (UAS) or remotely piloted air systems (RPAS) features a very close coupling of the key mission requirements, the respective mission sensor suite and the performance capabilities of the air vehicle. The Institute for Aircraft Design integrates all disciplines in a consistent, computeraided design process. Integrated air vehicle design does require a consistent data management approach for key design data. Within the integrated design environment ADEBO (Aircraft Design Box) a novel data model has been established for an improved MatLab implementation. The novel data model ADDAM does now allow for a consistent data management of alternative aircraft designs in one design setup.
Coupling the Aircraft Design Box with simulation capabilities does provide all means to evaluate mission performance of an integrated UAS taking also mission sensor performance into consideration. Reduction of the acoustic footprint of UAS is a clear task for UAS. This is achieved through: A propeller design environment with inherent noise analysis using in-house generated wind-tunnel data as well as inflight noise measurements. Propulsive configurations studies comprise investigations of propeller installation effects on the aeroacoustic behavior of the aircraft including airframe noise shielding. Identification of acoustic footprints of UAVs by means of model-based inflight measurements is enabling highly accurate multidimensional noise models that consider power rating, directivity of the emissions, distance and atmospheric attenuation. While originally developed for inflight measurements, the method also allows enhanced mission planning considering sensor and noise footprint. Advanced aircraft performance might be achieved through novel control system, like thrust vectoring devices and active flow control of the wing. New concepts are designed, validated and tested to identify the potential for highly agile UAS.
Novel control systems for agile UAS
Institute of Aircraft Design
107
Research Focus n Szenario- and future analysis n Aircraft design n Analysis & evaluation of aircraft concepts Competence n Szenario technique n Aircraft design (manned/unmanned, military & civil) n Aircraft integration and realisation (UAVs, prototypes) n Propulsion integration, electrical and hybrid propulsion systems n Operational assessment: noise, airport capacity, cost Infrastructure n Integrated aircraft design environment n Laboratory for demonstrator aircraft n Experimental UAS (e.g. IMPULLS UAV) n Mission simulation n Airport simulation Courses n Fundamentals in Aeronautics (jointly with the Institute of Helicopter Technology) n Aircraft Design n Operational Aspects of Aviation Practical Courses n Aviation Scenarios, Technology Evaluation n CAD in Aircraft Design n Aircraft Design
108
Institute of Aircraft Design
Management Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mirko Hornung, Director Prof. h.c. Dr.-Ing. Dr. h.c. Dieter Schmitt, Emeritus Prof.-Ing. Gero Madelung, Emeritus Adjunct Professors Dipl.-Ing. Axel Becker Administrative Staff Natalie Gulotta Research Scientists Dr.-Ing. Christian Rößler Dipl.-Ing. Lykourgos Bougas Dipl.-Ing. Jens Feger Dipl.-Ing. Ekaterina Fokina Sebastian Herbst, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Lampl Dipl.-Ing. Niclas Randt Dipl.-Ing. Christoph Schinwald Dipl.-Ing. Sebastian Speck Dipl.-Ing. Korbinian Stadlberger Dipl.-Ing. Joachim Sturm Dipl.-Ing. Felix Will Technical Staff John Lewis
Publications 2013-14 n N.P. Randt: Perspectives of Turboprop Aircraft: A Stakeholder-oriented Evaluation Using Scenario Planning, 63. Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress, 16-18 September 2014, Augsburg, Deutschland n N.P. Randt, S. Wolf: Automation in Air Transport: A Scenario-based Approach to the Definition of Operational Requirements, 29th Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences, 7 – 12 September 2014, St. Petersburg, Russia n S. Herbst, A. Klöckner: Design drivers of Hybrid Mission Scenarios: Effects on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Design and Mission Management, 1. World Congress on Unmanned System Engineering (WCUSEng), 30 July-1 August 2014, Oxford, UK n L. Bougas, M. Hornung: Propulsion integration and flight performance estimation for a low observable flying wing demonstrator, 4. CEAS Air & Space Conference, 16-18 September 2013, Linköping, Sweden n N. P. Randt, S. Sartorius, M. Urban: Requirements and Concepts of Operations for a Personalized Air Transport System in 2050, 52. Aerospace Sciences Meeting (AIAA SciTech 2014), 13-17 January 2014, National Harbor, USA n M. Iwanizki, N. P. Randt, S. Sartorius: Preliminary Design of a Heavy Short- and Medium-Haul Turboprop-Powered Passenger Aircraft, 52. Aerospace Sciences Meeting (AIAA SciTech 2014), 13-17 January 2014, National Harbor, USA n N. Randt, G. Öttl: Applied Scenario Planning as a Basis for the Assessment of Future Aircraft Technologies, 62. Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress, 10-12 September 2013, Stuttgart, Germany n K.-D. Büchter, N. Randt: Capacity scaling in airborne communication networks based on air traffic scenario modeling, 62. Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress, 10-12 September 2013, Stuttgart, Germany
n S. Speck, M. Hornung: Methoden zur Bewertung und Minimierung der Signatur von unbemannten Flugzeugen, , 62. Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress, 10-12 September 2013, Stuttgart, Germany n N. Randt: Foundations of a Technology Assessment Technique Using a Scenario-Based Fleet System Dynamics Model, AIAA Aviation 2013: 13th Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations Conference (ATIO), 12-14 August 2013, Los Angeles, USA n S. Speck, M. Hornung: An Approach for Aeroacoustic Footprint-Modeling of Low Altitude Platforms by Means of Time Domain System Identification, AIAA Aviation 2013: 13th Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations Conference (ATIO), 12-14 August 2013, Los Angeles, USA n G. Öttl: Representative traffic situations for air transport technology evaluation, World Conference on Transportation Research (WCTR), 15-18 July 2013, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil n J. Schoemann and M. Hornung: Design of Hybrid-Electric Propulsion Systems for Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, 5th European Conference for Aeronautics and Space Sciences (EUCASS), 01-04 July 2013, Munich, Germany n N. P. Randt, K. Plötner, C. Jeßberger, A. Becker: Air Traffic Growth, Energy, and the Environment 2040: Drivers, Challenges, and Opportunities for Aviation, 17th ATRS World Conference, 26-29 June 2013, Bergamo, Italy
Institute of Aircraft Design
109
Flow control and Aeroacoustics Group Numerical and experimental study of flow and sound fields and their control
n The focus of the research group in 2013-14 was the development and testing of research tools for the numerical prediction of flow and sound fields and for their validation in wind-tunnel experiments. A highlight was the establishment of the EUROTECH-Greentech cooperation on wind energy with partners from DTU and
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hans-Jakob Kaltenbach Contact www.aer.mw.tum.de Hans-Jakob.Kaltenbach @tum.de Phone +49.89.289.16397
EPFL and the design, manufacturing and testing of a 1:300 scale model of a wind turbine.
Sound Radiation from a One-stage Rotor-stator Configuration Subject to Cross Flow This study aims at understanding the role of inflow distortion on the generation of tonal noise in turbomachines. For this purpose a generic configuration consist ing in a 4-bladed rotor and a 4-bladed stator is mounted in a flat pate subject to a tangential stream. The far-field sound above the rotor is predicted with a hybrid approach combining a URANS-model of the flow field and an integral solution of the Lighthill equation using the Ffowcs-Williams Hawkings solver SpySi developed by the group of Prof. S. Becker at the University of Erlangen. Predictions
are compared with measurements in the aeroacoustic wind tunnel (AWB) of DLR Braunschweig that were obtained for different inlet lip geometries.
Self-noise from Splitter Attenuators in Large Industrial Exhaust Stacks Splitter attenuators are used in a wide range of applications, including high-end silencers for power generation systems. With the upstream noise reduced to ever lower levels, the effect of the self-noise generated by the splitter itself – as a bluff body immersed in the flow – becomes critical for the overall performance of the silencing system. A combined experimental and numerical study on the acoustic optimization of the splitter trailing edge is carried out under laboratory conditions in scale 1:3. Different trailing edge shapes including tapered and serrated extensions have been tested. Only moderate changes in the measured noise have been found, despite a reduction of the total pressure loss that can be achieved by appropriate design of the splitter trailing edges. Numerical predictions of the broad 110
Flow control and Aeroacoustics Group
band sources are obtained through flow modeling via large-eddy simulation using the compressible mutli-block CFD solver NSMB. The far-field sound is predicted with the Ffowcs-Williams Hawkings solver SpySi developed in the group of Prof. Stefan Becker at the University of Erlangen. Projects Marie-Curie Initial Training Network ‘FlowAirS’ Silent Air Flows in transport, buildings and power generation. Subproject ‘LES of exhaust gas systems’ and ‘Aeroacoustics of noise reducing devices for power plant applications’.
Modelling of Wind Turbine Wake Interaction
In a wind farm setting with several wind turbines operating close to each other the interaction of the wake generated by a wind turbine with the turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer affects both the efficiency and the load spectrum experienced by the downstream turbines. This project aims at better understanding
Research Focus n Numerical prediction of generation and propagation of flow-induced noise n Flow control with focus on suppression of flow separation and noise mitigation n Self-noise of splitter attenuators n Wake interaction of wind turbines Competence n Numerical prediction of flow and sound n Experimental investigation of flow and sound fields
and quantitative prediction of the mean flow and turbulence properties in the wake for different terrain conditions respectively surface roughness. Towards this goal experiments are carried out on a 1:300 scale wind turbine model in the atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel of TUM. Roughness elements on the wind-tunnel floor are adjusted in order to model different terrain. The numerical modelling consists in the implementation of the actuator line representation of the blade in the large-eddy simulation code INCA developed by Dr. S. Hickel from the Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics. Projects IGSSE project EUROTECH-greentech 03-Wind.
Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hans-Jakob Kaltenbach Administrative Staff Angela Grygier (secretary of the Chair of Aerodynamics) Research Scientists Jithendra Tirakala, M.Sc. Konstantin Vachnadze, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Victor Stein (neu in 2013) Cecilia Sebastiani, M.Sc. (External candidate)
Infrastructure n Usage of wind-tunnel at the institute of aerodynamics and fluid mechanics n Test set-up of a microphone array Courses n Continuum Mechanics (MSE), 50% n Grundlagen der numerischen Strömungsmechanik n Aeroakustik n Strömungsbeeinflussung n Numerische Strömungsakustik n Praktikum Numerische Strömungssimulation
Publications 2013-14 n W. Jürgens , H.-J. Kaltenbach: The effect of sweep on the forced transitional flow over a backwardfacing step, Computers & Fluids, vol 59, 2012, pp. 1-10. n W. Jürgens , H.-J. Kaltenbach: Control of a three-dimensional turbulent shear-layer by means of oblique vortices. In preparation.
Flow control and Aeroacoustics Group 111
Institute of Plant and Process Technology Modelling and simulation of chemical processes, equipment design, thermodynamic property data
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Harald Klein Contact www.apt.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.16501
n In 2013-14 the focus of the research of the Institute of Plant and Process Technology was the energy efficient design of chemical production processes as well as innovative design methods for process equipment. Furthermore, besides the already established theoretical and predictive computation of thermodynamic and thermophysical property data with COSMO-RS, the high pressure experimental test rig for measurement of phase equilibria was commissioned at the Institute of Plant and Process Technology. A highlight was the commissioning of the packed column (1.2 m diameter). This test stand enables the Institute of Plant and Process Technology to perform experiments of gas-liquid contacting equipment in semi-industrial scale.
Packed column test rig (1.2 m diameter)
Process Design Gas phase (g) Organic liquid phase (org)
Aqueous liquid phase (aq) Three-phase state (aq,org,g) Condenser
CO2-lean flue gas
CO2-rich gas
Makeup Separator
(H2O, MEA)
Absorber
Desorber Makeup (Hydrocarbon)
Flue gas Reboiler Rich solvent
Flowsheet of absorption process for CO2-removal from power plant flue gases
112
Lean solvent
The utilization of CO2 as feedstock for large scale chemical production processes is possible in the synthesis gas generation step of many state of the art processes. Besides that, in the future CO2 separation as well as integrated energy efficient process design can contribute to a significant reduction of CO2 emission to the atmosphere. The one-step synthesis
Institute of Plant and Process Technology
process of dimethyl-ether (DME, which can serve as future diesel substitute) was investigated and optimized. Another highlight was optimization of the CO2 dissolution into open algae ponds where fuel is produced by modified algae species out of CO2, brackish water and sunlight. For post-combustion capture (PCC) of CO2 a modified regeneration process of the loaded solvent was investigated and optimized considering the complete process including the coal fired power plant and the CO2 compression. Projects n Integrierte Dimethylethersynthese aus Methan und CO2 – DMEEXCO2 (BMBF) n Untersuchung zum Effekt von Strippkomponenten bei Absorptionsprozessen zur CO2-Abtrennung aus Kraftwerksrauchgasen n Mass transfer of CO2 in open algae ponds
Equipment Design Methods Equipment design becomes more and more important for enhancement of the energy efficiency of processes. Heat ex changers are the most employed apparatus in the chemical industry. Innovative design can increase transfer rates and thus enable a better heat integration in processes which leads to a reduction of CO2 exhaust. Therefore, the utilization of low finned tubes for condensation of mixtures of hydrocarbons was investigated. Upcoming processes like post-combustion capture (PCC) of CO2 require much bigger equipment than conventional processes. A model for dimensioning mass transfer columns, based on CAD-data of packing elements, is developed and tested in a
new column with 1.2 m diameter at the institute. Bubble columns provide large interfacial areas for chemical reactions. Operation of a modified bubble column is performed at the institute for investigation of possibilities to enhance capacity of such apparatus. Projects n Innovative Apparate- und Anlagenkonzepte zur Steigerung der Energieeffizienz von Produktionsprozessen -!nnovA2 (BMBF) n Zellenmodell zur Auslegung von Packungskolonnen und Flüssigkeits verteilern (BFS) n Betrieb von Blasensäulen
Condensation on a bundle of finned tubes
Modelling and Thermodynamic Property Data
High pressure phase equilibrium laboratory
Based on quantum chemical simulations and statistical thermodynamics predictive computation of thermodynamic and thermophysical property data was performed with the method COSMO-RS for various substances and mixtures at the Institute of Plant and Process Technology. A powerful computer infrastructure provides the required computational resources. Thereby, an extension to the existing program was implemented and tested in cooperation with the commercial software supplier.
In 2013 the high pressure phase equilibria test stand was successfully commissioned at the Institute of Plant and Process Technology. As a first example the system methanol-CO2 was experimentally investigated and data which is consistent with literature could be obtained and will be published in 2015. A new test stand for measurements of permeabilities through polymer membranes was assembled at the Institute of Plant and Process Technology in close cooperation with an industrial car manufacturer to investigate humidification of air supply for fuel cells. Projects n Gruppenbeitragsmethode auf der Basis von COSMO-RS-σ-Profilen n Aufbau einer Hochdruck-VLLE-Phasen gleichgewichtsapparatur n Entwicklung eines Testaufbaus für die Befeuchterentwicklung für PEM Brennstoffzellen
Institute of Plant and Process Technology
113
Research Focus n Process design n Equipment design methods n Modelling and thermodynamic property data Competence n Process modelling and simulation (MATLAB, Unisim Design, Aspen Plus) n Experimental measurement of thermodynamic property data n Predictive computation of thermodynamic property data n Experimental measurement of heat transfer coefficients n Experimental measurement of maldistribution n Pilot-scale investigations of apparatus design methods Infrastructure n High pressure phase equilibrium laboratory n Analytical laboratory n Distillation columns (pilot scale) n Condensers & evaporators (pilot scale) n Workshop n Computer room Courses n Introduction to Process and Plant Engineering n Thermal Separation Principles I & II n Heat and Mass Transfer n Process and Plant Engineering n Equipment Design n Process Design n Similarity and Dimensionless Numbers n Lab Course in Process Engineering n Practical Course in Process Simulation n Principles of Refrigeration and Industrial Low Temperature Systems n Paper Technology
114
Institute of Plant and Process Technology
Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Harald Klein, Director Dr.-Ing. Sebastian Rehfeldt Emeritus Professors Prof. em. Dr.-Ing. Eckhart Blaß, Emeritus Prof. Dr.-Ing. Johann Stichlmair, Emeritus Adjunct Professors Dr.-Ing. Alexander Alekseev Prof. Dr.-Ing. Harald Großmann Research Scientists Dipl.-Ing. Alexander Büchner Tomas Cahalan, M.Eng. Dipl.-Ing. Umberto Cardella Dipl.-Ing. Regina Deschermeier Johannes Fendt, M.Sc. Florian Hanus, M.Sc. Fabian Höhler, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Isabel Kiendl Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Kossmann Andreas Rarrek, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Anna Reif Dipl.-Ing. Tobias Sachsenhauser Administrative Staff Maria Anna Schmid Technical Staff Marian Böswald Ralf Priller Danuta Styrnik
Publications 2013-14 n Reif, A.; Büchner, A.; Rehfeldt, S.; Klein, H.: Bestimmung des globalen, äußeren Wärmeübergangskoeffizienten bei der Kondensation von Reinstoffen an einem horizontalen Rippenrohr, Chemie Ingenieur Technik, (in press) n Büchner, A.; Reif, A.; Rehfeldt, S.; Klein, H.: Untersuchung der Kondensation von Reinstoffen an einem horizontalen berippten Rohrbündel, Chemie Ingenieur Technik, (in press) n Büchner, A.; Reif, A.; Rehfeldt, S.; Klein, H.: Zur Problematik der einheitlichen Betrachtung des Wärmedurchgangs an strukturierten Rohren, Chemie Ingenieur Technik, (in press) n Sachsenhauser, T.; Rehfeldt, S.; Klamt, A.; Eckert, F.; Klein, H.: Consideration of dimerization for property prediction with COSMO-RS-DARE, Fluid Phase Equilibria 382, 2014, 89-99 n Deschermeier, R.; Klein, H.: Theoretical study of thermodynamic influences on physical absorption solvents by means of an abstract flow sheet, 10th International Conference on DISTILLATION & ABSORPTION 2014, Friedrichshafen, Germany, 14-17.09.2014 n Kossmann, A.; Moser, P.; Klein, H.: Study of the effect of stripping components in absorption processes for CO2-removal from power plant flue gases, 10th International Conference on DISTILLATION & ABSORPTION 2014, Friedrichshafen, Germany, 14-17.09.2014 n Hecht, T.; Klein, H.: Static Flow Instabilities in Plate-Fin Heat Exchangers, 5th international conference on Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow in Microscale, Marseille, France, 22-25.04.2014 n Deschermeier, R.; Klein, H.: Abstrahierte Betrachtung eines physikalischen Absorptionsprozesses, Jahrestreffen der Fachgruppen Extraktion und Fluidverfahrenstechnik 2014, Fulda, Germany, 27-28.03.14 n Büchner, A.; Piper, M.; Bujok, P.; Goedecke, R.; Rehfeldt, S.; Reif, A.; Tran, J.; Kenig, E.; Klein, H.; Luke, A.; Scholl, S.: Einheitliche Definition und Bestimmung charakteristischer Geometrieparameter zur Auslegung von Rippenrohr- und Thermoblechwärmeübertragern, Jahrestreffen der Fachgruppen Extraktion und Fluidverfahrenstechnik 2014, Fulda, Germany, 27-28.03.14 n Reif, A.; Büchner, A.; Rehfeldt, S.; Klein, H.: Untersuchungen zur Kondensation von Reinstoffen und Gemischen an einem horizontalen Rippenrohr, Jahrestreffen der Fachgruppen Mehrphasenströmungen und Wärme- und Stoffübertragung 2014, Fulda, Germany, 24-25.03.14
n Kossmann, A.; Moser, P.; Klein, H.: Study of the Effect of Stripping Components in Absorption Processes for CO2-Removal from Power Plant Flue Gases, 2013 AIChE Annual Meeting, San Francisco, USA, 03-08.11.2013 n Rehfeldt, S.; Sachsenhauser, T.; Schreiber, S.; Klein, H.: Prediction of Binary Fick Diffusion Coefficients using COSMO-RS, Thermodynamics 2013, Manchester, UK, 03-06.09.13 n Sachsenhauser, T.; Rehfeldt, S.; Eckert, F.; Klamt, A.; Klein, H.: Consideration of Dimerization for Property Prediction with COSMOtherm, Thermodynamics 2013, Manchester, UK, 03.-06.09.13 n Büchner, A.; Reif, A.; Rehfeldt, S.; Klein, H.: Bestimmung des äußeren Wärmeübergangskoeffizienten bei der Kondensation am berippten Einzelrohr und Rohrbündel. Chemie Ingenieur Technik 85, 2013, 1454-1455 n Sachsenhauser, T.; Rehfeldt, S.; Klein, H.: Berücksichtigung des Einflusses der Dimerisation bei der Vorhersage von Phasengleichgewichten mit COSMOtherm. Chemie Ingenieur Technik 85, 2013, 1440-1441 n Deschermeier, R.; Höhler, F.; Rehfeldt, S.; Klein, H.: Konzeption und Inbetriebnahme einer Phasengleichgewichtsapparatur, Chemie Ingenieur Technik 85, 2013, 1410-1411 n Reif, A.; Büchner, A.; Rehfeldt, S.; Klein, H.: Bestimmung des äußeren Wärmeübergangskoeffizienten bei der Kondensation an einem horizontalen Rippenrohr, Jahrestreffen der Fachgruppen Fluidverfahrenstechnik und Wärme- und Stoffübertragung 2013, Baden-Baden, Germany, 20-21.03.2013 n Büchner, A.; Reif, A.; Rehfeldt, S.; Klein, H.: Aufbau einer Versuchsanlage zur Bestimmung des äußeren Wärmeübergangskoeffizienten bei der Kondensation im Rohrbündel, Jahrestreffen der Fachgruppen Fluidverfahrenstechnik und Wärme- und Stoffübertragung 2013, Baden-Baden, Germany, 20-21.03.2013 n Kossmann, A.; Moser, P.; Klein, H.: Untersuchung zum Effekt von Strippkomponenten bei Absorptionsprozessen zur CO2-Abtrennung aus Kraftwerksrauchgasen, Jahrestreffen der Fachgruppen Fluidverfahrenstechnik und Wärme- und Stoffübertragung 2013, Baden-Baden, Germany, 20-21.03.2013 n Mersmann, A; Kind, M.; Stichlmair, J.: Thermal separation technology: Principles, methods, process design. VDI-Buch. Springer, 2013
Institute of Plant and Process Technology
115
Continuum Mechanics Group Predictive computational modeling of materials
n The focus of the Continuum Mechanics Group in 2013-14 was the development of novel models, methodologies and computational tools for quantifying uncertainties and their effect in materials simulation. In that respect our work has been directed towards 3 fronts: a) the cali bration and validation of computational models using experimental data, b) uncertainty propagation in multiscale systems, c) Design/control/ optimization of complex systems under uncertainty.
Prof. Dr. Phaedon-Stelios Koutsourelakis
A highlight was the initiation of a project on ‘Predicitive Materials Modeling’ through the Institute of Advanced Study, TUM. This project will take place in the context of the Hans Fischer Senior Fellowship to Prof. Nicholas Zabaras
(Warwick University) who will be hosted by the Continuum Mechanics Group. On the teaching front, Prof. Koutsourelakis received the Prize for Best Lecture by the MSE students’ union for the ‘Uncertainty Modeling in Engineering’ module.
Contact www.contmech.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.16690
Nonlinear Inverse Problems with Applications in Medical Diagnostics This projects aims at addressing important modeling and computational issues associated with the integration of experimental data with computational models.
Reference
116
Continuum Mechanics Group
Inferred posterior along diagonal
Our motivating application is biomaterials where several studies have shown that the identification of material parameters from deformation data can lead to earlier and more accurate diagnosis of various pathologies. This project develops efficient computational tools that can lead not only to estimates of the material properties and their spatial variability but also to quantifying the confidence in those estimates due to the various sources of uncertainty. A significant role in this effort is played by novel dimensionality reduction techniques which can identify a sparse set of features.
Reduced-order Modeling for Uncertainty Quantification: Applications in Random Media As the physical problems become more complex and the mathematical models more involved, current computational methods prove increasingly inefficient, especially in contexts requiring numerous solutions as in uncertainty quantification tasks. In the latter case, the difficulty is further amplified by the large number of input parameters (random variables). A particularly challenging example of this involves the simulation of random media where the description of the underlying microstructure requires thousands of random variables and frequently necessitates the employment of multiscale techniques. This project aims at developing probabili-
Linear vs. nonlinear Reduced-basis construction
stic reduced-basis models. These consist of mixtures of reduced-basis sets which are identified by a limited number of full-scale runs and can identify the most important features of the input as well as the various response regimes associated with them.
Stochastic Topology Optimization Topology optimization is a well-establish ed discipline in engineering design which is concerned with the appropriate combination of two or more material phases in order to achieve optimal aggregate behavior. Despite the development of mature computational tools, much less attention has been directed to problems where uncertainty in the material properties is present. Similar difficulties are encountered in many other areas of material design where decision-making under uncertainty is sought. This project aims at developing appropriate computational tools that can handle systems with a large
Deterministic optimum
Stochastic optimum
number of random and design variables. They are based on a reformulation of the associated stochastic optimization problem as well as the development of variational approximation tools for identifying lower-dimensional solution subspaces.
Continuum Mechanics Group
117
Research Focus n Uncertainty quantification n Random media n Multiscale formulations n Inverse problems n Design/optimization under uncertainty
Management Prof. Dr. Phaedon-Stelios Koutsourelakis, Director
Competence n Computer simulation n Mathematical modeling of stochastic systems
Research Scientists Dipl.-Ing. Isabell Franck Michael Kraus, M.Sc. Markus Schoeberl, M. Sc.
Infrastructure n 256core HPC Courses Master n Atomistic Modeling of Materials (WS) n Bayesian Strategies for Inverse Problems (SS) MSE n Continuum Mechanics (WS) n Uncertainty Modeling in Engineering (SS)
Publications 2013-14 n I. Franck, P.S. Koutsourelakis. Sparse Variational Bayesian Approximations for Nonlinear Inverse Problems: applications in nonlinear elastography, Comp. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng., submitted 2014. n P.S. Koutsourelakis. Optimization in the Presence of Uncertainty: Applications in Designing Random Heterogeneous Media. SIAM CSE, 2013. n I. Franck, P.S. Koutsourelakis. Variational Bayesian Approximations for Nonlinear Inverse Problems. SIAM UQ, 2014. n P.S. Koutsourelakis. High-dimensional optimization in the presence of uncertainty. Numerical Methods for Uncertainty Quantification Hausdorff Center, Bonn, 2013.
118
Continuum Mechanics Group
Administrative Staff Karakus Cigdem
Systems Biotechnology Group Model based metabolic engineering for bacterial systems
n Systems Biotechnology combines methods from engineering sciences, microbiology and computational sciences to improve biotechnological processes. In 2013-14 the group expanded its activities with a number of new projects funded by DFG and BMBF. The available wet and dry laboratory space is now extensively used for applications in model-based metabolic engineering. A highlight was the publication of the English textbook ‘Systems biology – mathematical modeling and model analysis’ which appeared in October 2013 with Chapman & Hall/CRC Press. The book is for graduate students with basic knowledge in mathematics and microbio logy and covers main aspects of model
set up (stochastic and deterministic), model analysis (time scales, sensitivities, control structures) and applications especially for bacterial systems. Exercises as well as numerical software to solve the respective equation systems with Matlab are also provided.
Contact
Fundamentals for Experimental Analysis and Mathematical Modeling of Cellular Networks Regulation of transcriptional and bio chemical processes in a bacterial cell is essential for surviving in changing environmental conditions and understand ing of the events taking place is pivotal for using bacteria in industrially interesting applications. Research of the systems biotechnology group targets different key regulatory devices, like the phosphotrans ferase system in Pseudomonas putida or the ComRS two component system in Streptococcus mutans. The experimental information derived either in the group’s own laboratory or by collaboration partners give rise to mathematic models that contribute to a better understanding of cellular processes. Another research focus lies on the establishment of a co-culture between a photosynthetically active organism extruding sugar molecules together with heterotrophic organisms capable of pro ducing industrially interesting compounds. To this end a photobioreactor is employed which allows cultivation and collection of a vast amount of data used to describe the
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Andreas Kremling
www.biovt.mw.tum.de/ fg-systembiotechnologie
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.15761
population-based variations in the overall process. Projects n e:biofilm, BMBF e:Bio initiative; regula tory influence of the PTS on physiology and biotechnological production with P. putida, DFG
Systems Biotechnology Group
119
Metabolic Engineering of Halophiles, towards Halomonas elongata as Industrial Producer is a highly soluble organic molecule that belongs to the group of compatible solu tes and is found as an osmotic agent in a wide range of cell types and has also been shown to stabilize and protect macromo lecules in adverse conditions. The current applications of ectoine cover a wide range of different fields like biomedicine, cosmetics, support roles in analytic and industrial processes and bioremediation. The project focuses on ectoine production by the halophilic bacterium Halomonas elongata. The reasons for that choice are not only the interest of ectoine as a novel product for medicine and cosmetics but also the potential of H. elongata for further biotechnological applications. Ectoine
Projects n OPHELIA - optimization of halomonas elongate for industrial applications, BMBF e:Bio initiative
Metabolic Engineering of Escherichia coli, Combing Synthetic and Systems Biology Escherichia coli is the organism of choice for basic research in biotechnology due to the possibility for genetic alterations as well as its simple culture conditions. In two projects together with experimental partners from different places in Munich and Germany, E. coli is used for the production of chemical bulk components or interesting precursors for medical applications. Based on genome scale mathematical models, optimal flux distri
120
Systems Biotechnology Group
butions and optimal intervention strategies are determined that makes the processes more efficient. Projects n DynOpt - dynamic process optimization in biotechnology, BMBF, biotechnology 2020+ initiative; SysBioTerp – inovative strategies for a sustainable production of bioactive molecules, BMBF, e:Bio initiative
Research Focus n Mathematical modeling of cellular systems n Model analysis n Model-based metabolic engineering n Experimental design Competence n Model library for different model systems (metabolic modules, gene expression modules, signaling modu les) n Design space analysis n Time hierarchy analysis n Process design Infrastructure n S1 – laboratory (allows work with genetically modified strains) n Photo-bio-reactor system n Standard bio-reactor system n Tecan reader
Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Andreas Kremling, Director Administrative Staff Susanne Kuchenbaur Research Scientists Dr. Alberto Marin Sanguino Dr. Katharina Pflüger-Grau Dr. Dagmar Rother Christiana Sehr, M.Sc. Viktoria Kindzierski, M.Sc. Dipl.-Tech.-Math. Alexandra Iovkova Hannes Löwe, M.Sc. Miguel Valderrama, M.Sc. Sayuri Hahl, M.Sc. Technical Staff Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Adrian Rauschenbach
Courses (for Master ‘Industrial Biotechnology’, MSE): n Applied Mathematics n Modeling of Cellular Systems n Analysis and Design of Cellular Systems n Optimization in Biotechnology n Data Analysis and Statistical Models n Exercises in Simulation Studies in Biotechnology
Publications 2013-14 n Chavarría, M., Fuhrer, T., Sauer, U., Pflüger-Grau, K. & de Lorenzo, V.: Cra regulates the cross-talk between the two branches of the phosphoenolpyru vate:phosphotransferase system of Pseudomonas putida. Environ Microbiol 15, 121–132 (2013). n Rodriguez-Fernandez, M., Rehberg, M.,, Kremling, A. & Banga,J.:Simultaneous model discrimination and parameter estimation in dynamic models of cellular systems. BMC Systems Biology 7, 76 (2013) n Heermann, R., Zigann, K., Gayer, S., RodriguezFernandez, M., Banga, J., Kremling, A. & Jung, K.: Dynamics of an interactive network composed of a bacterial two-component system, a transporter and K+ as mediator. PLOS One 9: e89671 (2014). n Pflüger-Grau, K. & de Lorenzo, V.: From the phosphoenolpyruvate phosphotransferase system (PTS) to selfish metabolism: a story retraced in Pseudomonas putida. FEMS Microbiol Lett 356, 144-153 (2014).
Reviews n Kremling, A. & Saez-Rodriguez, J.: Systems Biology – an engineering perspective. J. Biotechnology 129(2), 329-351 (2007) n Pflüger-Grau, K. & Görke, B.: Regulatory roles of the bacterial nitrogen-related phosphotransferase system. Trends in Microbiology 18, 205-214 (2010) n Kremling, A., Geiselmann, J., Ropers, D. & de Jong, H.: Understanding carbon catabolite repression in Escherichia coli using quantitative models. Trends in Microbiology (2014, in press)
Systems Biotechnology Group
121
Biomechanics Group Mechanics and permeability of biological (hybrid-)materials
n The mission of the biomechanics group is to 1. discover new, to date unknown material properties of biopolymer materials; 2. identify the microscopic principles that govern those material properties (mechanics, permeability); 3. apply those principles to synthetic polymers to create biomimetic materials for biomedical applications.
Prof. Dr. Oliver Lieleg Contact www.imetum.tum.de/ forschung/biologischehydrogele/allgemein
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.10952
The studied biomaterials range from very soft gels such as vitreous humor and mucus to stiff tissues such as cartilage. Accordingly, a broad variety of characterization methods is used in the Biomechanics Group. Biomedical questions addressed include tattoo removal, prevention of microbial infection and reduction of wear in osteoarthritis. In our highly interdisciplinary projects, we work together with chemists, pharmacists, physicists and medical researchers to generate, characterize and optimize
existing and novel biopolymer-based materials and to test their applicability for biomedical or industrial purposes. Highlights in the year 2014 were the development of a thermoresponsive wound gel with autogelation properties and the generation of an engineered hybrid-mortar material with water-repellent properties. We now aim to further optimize both materials, test them in realistic settings and launch corresponding patent applications.
Biological Hydrogels as Selective Diffusion Barriers Biological hydrogels such as the extracellular matrix or mucus allow only certain particles or molecules to pass. Many other particles including many pathogens are trapped in the hydrogel matrix and thus prevented from penetrating the hydrogel barrier. Using fluorescence microscopy with high temporal resolution, we aim at deciphering the underlying physical principles that establish selective filtering in biological hydrogels. We use reconstituted model systems whose composition we are able to precisely control. Projects n DFG LI1902/3-1 biological hydrogels as diffusion barriers n SFB 1032 nanoagents in 3-dimensional biopolymer hydrogels
122
Biomechanics Group
Hydrogels as Protective Shields towards Infection the wound gel we are engineering needs to possess well-tailored viscoelastic properties. We also embed nanoparticles for a controlled and prolonged release of drugs that benefit the wound healing process. In the long run, we aim at replac ing the biological component by (semi-) synthetic polymers.
We aim at integrating purified mucin-biopolymers into other polymeric materials to harness the anti-viral and anti-bacterial properties of mucins. For this application,
Project n Dean’s Innovation Fond optimized purification of anti-viral biopolymers (mucin glycoproteins) from the mucosa of pig stomachs
Material Properties of Bacterial Biofilms Bacteria secret a broad range of biopolymers which form a protective matrix around the prokaryotes. This community of biopolymers and bacteria is referred to as a biofilm and constitutes a severe issue in industry and medicine. We aim at quantifying the material properties of bacterial biofilms which includes their mechanics, self-mending abilities and water-repellent surface properties to develop new strategies for the removal of biofilms from surfaces.
Projects n SFB 863 mechanics of bacterial biofilms n CeNS mechanisms of biofilm formation
Cartilage and Cartilage Substitute Materials cartilage. By exploiting loss and gain of function experiments, we aim to understand what molecular components are responsible for the outstanding mechanical properties of cartilage. In a second step we then try to develop suitable cartilage surrogate materials.
In the framework of the IGSSE focus area ‘Biomaterials’ we are studying the bulk and tribological properties of native
Project n IGSSE lubrication, recovery and ageing in native cartilage and cartilage sub stitutes - LURACS
Biomechanics Group
123
Research Focus n Biological (hybrid-)materials n Cartilage and cartilage surrogate materials n Biological hydrogels as selective diffusion barriers n Material properties of bacterial biofilms n Medical applications of nanoparticles Competence n Rheology, tribology n Microfluidics, diffusion measurements n Surface characterization n Purification of antibacterial/antiviral glycoproteins n Cell culture, microbiology Infrastructure n Rheometer, tribometer n Optical microscopes n Profilometer n Scanning electron microscope n S1 laboratory (working permission for genetically modified microorganisms of biosafety level 1) n Laboratory for cell culture n Equipment for protein purification
Courses n Microscopic Biomechanics n Experimental Techniques for the Characterization of Biomaterials n Design Principles in Biomaterials n Engineering Solutions for Biomedical Problems n Lab Course in Cell Cultivation Methods n Biophysics Lab Course for Biochemistry Students Management Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Oliver Lieleg, Group Leader Administrative Staff Iris König-Decker, Secretary Technical Staff Konstantinia Bidmon, Biolog.-Technical Assistant Sabine Günzkofer, Lab Assistant Research Scientists Fabienna Arends, M.Sc. Kathrin Boettcher, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Stefan Grumbein, M.Sc. Benjamin Käsdorf, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Julia Nachtsheim Constantin Nowald, M.Sc
Publications 2013-14 n K. Boettcher, S. Grumbein, U. Winkler, J. Nachtsheim, and O. Lieleg, Adapting a commercial shear rheometer for applications in cartilage research, Review of Scientific Instruments, 85, 093903 (2014) n S. Kesel, A. Mader, P. Seeberger, O. Lieleg, and M. Opitz, Carbohydrate-coating reduces adhesion of biofilm forming Bacillus subtilis to gold surfaces, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 80(19) 5911-7 (2014) n K.W. Müller, R.F. Bruisma, O. Lieleg, A.R. Bausch, W.A. Wall, and A.J. Levine, Rheology of semiflexible bundle networks with transient linkers, Physical Review Letters, 112(23) 238102 (2014)
124
Biomechanics Group
n S. Grumbein, M. Opitz, O. Lieleg, Selected metal ions protect Bacillus subtilis biofilms from erosion, Metallomics, RSC, 6(8), 1441-1450 (2014) n F. Arends, R. Baumgärtel, O. Lieleg, Ion-Specific Effects Modulate the Diffusive Mobility of Colloids in an Extracellular Matrix Gel, Langmuir, 29 (51): 15965-15973 (2013) n A.S. Critchfield, G. Yao, A. Jaishankar, R.S. Friedlander, O. Lieleg, P.S. Doyle, G. McKinley, M. House and K. Ribbeck, Cervical Mucus Properties Stratify Risk for Preterm Birth, PLoS ONE, 8(8) e69528 (2013)
Institute of Automotive Technology Vehicle concepts – smart mobility – vehicle dynamics and control systems – driver assistance and safety – electric vehicle components
n The research focus of the Institute of Automotive Technology in 2013-14 was the emerging field of e-mobility. In addition to developing novel vehicle concepts and analyzing the respective market conditions, a particular emphasis in research is placed on powertrain technologies and driver assistance systems. The emerging question on how to ensure the viability of individual transport through
Visio.M prototype
efficient vehicles in the face of increasing resource shortages was answered with the public presentation of the electric car Visio.M. This prototype of an electric vehicle was developed to demonstrate the promising capabilities of a small-scale electric vehicle for an urban environment. Tackling the challenges of the production process, the use of novel, promising materials and interdisciplinary work, the engineering process is reflected in all of the following focus areas of the Institute of Automotive Technology.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Markus Lienkamp Contact www.ftm.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.15345
E-mobility and Infrastructure In the field of e-mobility, new vehicle concepts are developed from small-scale vehicles up to utility vehicles. This involves foremost the research in electric vehicle components and the engineering of novel component solutions. The challenge in this area is the analysis of existing components, the derivation of required changes to address new requirements or the development of new components. The results of this research and development are measured based on the resulting influence on the vehicle structure, application and production. In particular, the impact of improved electric vehicle components, such as lithium-ion battery systems, their electronics and the affected secondary components inside the vehicle, are researched with the help of simulations, state of the art prototypes and experiments. Electric vehicles are further researched on a larger scale with a variety of applications, which exceed the vehicle context itself. Fleet tests with electric vehicles are conducted to analyze the behavior of different user groups to determine the expected behavior change of drivers.
Conchifera battery pack
Mode of transport identification is included in the research activities to holistically track and record the mobility behavior of different user groups. The aim of these studies is to derive the requirements of the infrastructure and the electric vehicles themselves that are targeted towards different user groups. Prediction regarding CO2 emissions, range or placement of charging station can be established and optimized with these approaches. Projects n VEM – virtual electromobility focused on taxi and commercial traffic in Munich Institute of Automotive Technology
125
n Sun2car n Sustainable raw material use for electromobility n Business case electric vehicles n QuadRad (e-GAP) n EEBatt n Developments in the risk analysis of electric vehicles
n Range extension for electric cars n Energy management for hybrid trucks n Redesign and adaptation of full vehicle testing and validation for electric vehicles n Visio.M – small vehicle for urban mobility
Vehicle Concepts
Presentation of the QuadRad at the ecartec
Vehicle concepts are developed based on a variety of requirements that lead to an accurate model and prototype. Amongst the hardware components, infrastructure specifics, environment conditions and user group characteristics, it is the research task to identify the severity of the different requirements and determine the influence on the overall targeted concept. Tools to support this process are developed, vehicle property profiles are elaborated and specific analyzing methods are established. The developed concepts for various markets are engineered and tested in local and international settings. Projects n Fast development of carbon composite vehicle structures (BIWCFRP)
n Virtual vehicle design and architecture planning in the early concept phase n Truck 2030 – TCO and emission optimized concept for high-cube transportation n Vehicle concept for Sub-Saharan-Africa n Visio.M – small vehicle for urban mobility n Redesign and adaptation of full vehicle testing and validation for electric vehicles n Region-specific assessment and selection of vehicle powertrain concepts n QuadRad (e-GAP) n Optimization and assessment of product architectures for heavy duty commercial vehicles
Driving and Driver
Dynamic driving simulator
126
Institute of Automotive Technology
Driver information and the driving task itself is safety crucial. The research in this area focus on accident prevention and avoidance and the integral safety of vehicles. Informing and raising the attention of the driver are covered in the promising area of driver assistance systems. The overall development focus in this field is on three major areas: (1) the technical systems and the components engineering and programming, (2) the interaction between the user and the vehicle, and (3) the evaluation by users. The dynamic behavior of vehicles is of equal importance for the driving safety. Each vehicle interacts strongly with the
driver and the environment as they form a separate closed-loop control system. Developing new vehicle control systems and implementing novel approaches in vehicle dynamics simulation and stan dardized driving tests enable the quantification of the lateral vehicle dynamics. Projects n UR:BAN n Tele-operated driving n Property damage analysis n Driving simulator n Crash-compatibility of microcars n Visio.M – small vehicle for urban mobility
Research Focus n Vehicle concepts n Smart mobility n Driving dynamics n Driver assistance n Electric vehicle components Competence n E-mobility n Safety n Efficiency n Human-vehicle interaction n Teleoperated driving Infrastructure n 3D Printer n Dynamic driving simulator n Mechanical and electrical workshop n Dynamometer test rig n Battery testing lab n Hardware in the loop test stands n Measurement of driving dynamics n Mobile data capturing via smartphones n Computing cluster Courses n Basics of Motor Vehicle Construction n Road Vehicles: Design and Simulation n Dynamic of Passenger Cars n Design of Electric Vehicles n Technology of Motorcycles n Race Rar Technology Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Markus Lienkamp, Director Dr.-Ing. Frank Diermeyer Adjunct Professors Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ulrich Heiden, BMW AG Prof. Dr.-Ing. Karl-Viktor Schaller Dr.-Ing. Herbert Pfab, Liebherr GmbH Dr.-Ing. Peter Tropschuh, AUDI AG Dr.-Ing. Lothar Wech, TÜV Süd Auto motive AG Administrative Staff Gabriele Weigand Norina Rudolph
Research Scientists Dipl.-Ing. Stefan Grubwinkler Johannes Betz, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Moritz Hann Dipl.-Ing. Pablo A. Lopez Hidalgo Dipl.-Ing. Benedikt Jäger Dipl.-Ing. Robert Kochhan Dipl.-Ing. Maria Kugler Dipl.-Ing. Jürgen Lohrer Mag. Sebastian Osswald Dipl.-Ing. Benjamin Reuter Dipl.-Ing. Stephan Schickram Dipl.-Ing. Claudia Meis Jörn Adermann, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Michael Baumann Dipl.-Ing. Peter Burda Dipl.-Phys. Fabian Ebert Dipl.-Ing. Richard Eckl Dipl.-Ing. Martin R. Hammer Dipl.-Ing. Lorenz Horlbeck Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Kerler Dipl.-Ing. Stefan Müller Korbinian Müller, M. Sc. Stephan Rohr, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Felix Römer Dipl.-Ing. Moritz Steffan Dipl.-Ing. Philip Wacker Dipl.-Ing. Georg Walder Dipl.-Kfm. Mathias Wipfler Dipl.-Ing. Patrick Stenner Dipl.-Ing. Sebastian Bender Dipl.-Ing. Armin Förg Michael Fries, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Markus Klein Sascha Koberstaedt, M. Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Michael Sinning Dipl.-Ing. Martin Soltes Sophie Steinmaßl, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Alexander Süßmann Dipl.-Ing. Maximilian Tschochner Dipl.-Ing. Florian Kohlhuber Dipl.-Ing. Andrea Ficht Thorsten Helfrich, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Daniel Killian Dipl.-Ing. Simon Schmeiler Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Schultze Dipl.-Ing. Andreas M. Wenzelis Thomas Zehelein, M. Sc.
Institute of Automotive Technology
127
Dr.-Ing. Frank Diermeyer Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Daun Christopher Frank, M.A. Dipl.-Ing Lydia Gauerhof Dipl.-Ing. Klaus Gschwendtner Dipl.-Ing. Daniel Heyes Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Hierlinger Amin Hosseini, M.Sc. Emad Sadeghipour, M.Sc. Dipl.-Medieninf. Sonja Stockert Tito Tang, M.Sc. Johannes Wallner, M.Sc. David Wittmann, M.Sc.
Technical Staff Günter Anthuber Nina Julius Jasmin Spickeneder Alexa Wawra, M.A. Stefan Dichtl Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Florian Biechl Sebastian Grüll Alexander Suckow Maximilian Klippel Erwin Darnhofer Peter Seidinger Michael König
Publications 2013-14 n Alex M. Bradshaw, Benjamin Reuter, Thomas Hamacher; The Potential Scarcity of Rare Elements for the Energiewende; Green: The International Journal of Sustainable Energy Conversion and Storage; 2013; 3; 2; 93-111 n Sebastian Bender, Samuel Lee; Production process of a CFRP vehicle structure in Singapore; ICS Innovative Composites Summit; 2013 n K. Gschwendtner, M. Kiss, J. Gwehenberger, M. Lienkamp; ‘In-Depth’-Sachschadenanalyse – Anforderungen und Potentiale; 6. Tagung Fahrerassistenz; 2013 n Heyes, D.; Daun, T.; Zimmermann, A.; Lienkamp, M.; Der Virtuelle Fahrtrainer – ein prädiktives Verbrauchsassistenzsystem für schwere Nutzfahrzeuge; 6. Tagung Fahrerassistenz; 2013 n Thomas Hierlinger, C. Netzker, J. Unger, M. Lien kamp; Aktive seitliche Insassenverschiebung im Seitenaufprall; 9. VDI-Tagung ‘Fahrzeugsicherheit’; 2013 n Georg Walder, Christian Campestrini, Markus Lienkamp, Andreas Jossen; Impacts of various failure scenarios on the estimation performance of a DKF running on a modular BMS; EVS27 Interna tional Battery, Hybrid and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Symposium; 2013 n Daniel Killian, Markus Lienkamp, Michael Sagefka, Stephan Poltersdorf, Kai Volkmar; Enhancing Driving Dynamics and Traction by Variable Brake Systems; 1523-1541; 22nd Aachen Colloquium Automobile and Engine Technology 2013; 2013 n Thomas J. Daun, Daniel G. Braun, Christopher Frank, Stephan Haug, Markus Lienkamp; Evaluation of Driving-behavior and the Efficacy of a Predictive Eco-Driving Assistance System for Heavy Commercial Vehicles in a Driving Simulator Experiment; 2379-2386; 16th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems ITSC; 2013 n L. Mercep, C. Buitkamp, H. Stähle, G. Spiegelberg, A. Knoll, M. Lienkamp; The Innotruck Case Study on a Holistic Approach to Electric Mobility; 277287; Sustainable Automotive Technologies 2013; Proceedings of the 5th International Conference ICSAT 2013; 2013 n Patrick Stenner, Georg-Friedrich Graf, Markus Lienkamp; Analyse und Neustrukturierung der Gesamtfahrzeugerprobung für Elektrofahrzeuge; Wissenschaftssymposium Automobiltechnik (WISAU), RWTH Aachen; 2013
128
Institute of Automotive Technology
n A. Süßmann, A. Schabert, M. Lienkamp; Analyse von kundenspezifischen Verbrauchseinsparpotentialen durch Aerodynamik-, Rollwiderstands- und Leichtbaumaßnahmen; 12. Internationale VDI Fachtagung Nutzfahrzeuge 2013; 2013 n Kreimeyer, M., Förg, A.; Lienkamp, M.; Mehrstufige, modulorientierte Baukastenentwicklung für Nutzfahrzeuge; 12. Internationale VDI Fachtagung Nutzfahrzeuge 2013; 2013 n Christiane Netzker, Rüdiger Lang, Lutz Quedenbaum, Benedict Schonlau, Thomas Hierlinger; Elektrokleinstfahrzeuge: Herausforderung an die Fahrzeugsicherheit; ATZ extra; 2013; May; 24-28 n Stephan Fuchs, Markus Lienkamp; Parametrische Gewichts- und Emissionsmodellierung für neue Fahrzeugkonzepte; Grazer Symposium Virtuelles Fahrzeug; 2013 n Tito Tang, Frederic Chucholowski, Min Yan and Prof. Dr. Markus Lienkamp; A Novel Study on Data Rate by the Video Transmission for Teleoperated Road Vehicles; ICIUS 2013, 9th International Conference on Intelligent Unmanned Systems; 2013 n Chucholowski, F., Sauer, M., Lienkamp, M.; Evaluation of Display Methods for Teleoperation of Road Vehicles; ICIUS 2013, 9th International Conference on Intelligent Unmanned Systems; 2013 n Chucholowski, F., Gnatzig, G., Tang, T., Hosseini, A., Lienkamp, M.; Teleoperiertes Fahren – Aktuelle Entwicklungen; 6. Tagung Fahrerassistenz; 2013 n Tito Tang, Jan Kurkowski and Markus Lienkamp; Teleoperated Road Vehicles: A Novel Study on the Effect of Blur on Speed Perception; International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems; 2013; 10 n Stefan Grubwinkler, Maria Kugler, Markus Lienkamp; A system for cloud-based deviation prediction of propulsion energy consumption for EVs; 99-104; IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety; 2013 n Barys Shyrokau, Danwei Wang, Markus Lienkamp; ntegrated Vehicle Dynamics Control based on Control Allocation with Subsystem Coordination; 23rd International Symposium on Dynamics of Vehicles on Roads and Tracks; 2013 n Gnatzig, Sebastian; Frederic Chucholowski, Tito Tang, Markus Lienkamp; A System Design for Teleoperated Road Vehicles; 231-238; Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics; 2013
n Walder, G.; Campestrini, C.; Kohlmeier, S.; Lienkamp, M.; Jossen, A.; Functionality and Behaviour of a Dual Kalman Filter implemented on a Modular Battery Management System; CoFAT; 2013 n Till, Z.; Lienkamp, M.; Market and customer oriented design of electrified vehicle concepts; Vehicle Concepts & Engineering; CoFAT; 2013 n Reuter, B.; Kulcsar, J.; Bradshaw, A.M.; Hamacher, T.; Lienkamp, M.; Consequences for the environmental impact during the life cycle of an electric vehicle due to different technical and methodological approaches to the treatment of the car body; CoFAT; 2013 n Reuter, B.; Kulcsar, J.; Bradshaw, A.M.; Hamacher, T.; Lienkamp, M.; Consequences for the environmental impact during the life cycle of an electric vehicle due to different technical and methodological approaches to the treatment of the car body – Annex; CoFAT; 2013 n Grubwinkler, S.; Lienkamp, M.; A modular and dynamic approach to predict the energy consumption of electric vehicles; CoFAT; 2013 n Eckl, R.; Ehrl, B.; Lienkamp, M.; Range Extender for Seldom Use in the Electric Car MUTE – Zinc Air Battery Conference on Future Automotive Technology; Focus Electromobility; CoFAT; 2013 n Chucholowski, F.; Büchner, S.; Reicheneder, J.; Lienkamp, M.; Prediction Methods for Teleoperated Road Vehicles; CoFAT; 2013 n Schickram, S., Weber, M., Lienkamp, M.; Electromobility potential index; 8th International Conference and Exhibition on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies, EVER 2013; 2013 n Matz, Stephan; Stephan Fuchs, Markus Lienkamp; Nutzerorientierte Fahrzeugkonzeptoptimierung mit Hilfe eines voll-parametrischen Gewichtsmodells; 1-12; Innovative Automobiltechnik IV; Helmut Tschöke; Cuvillier, E; 2013 n Stenner, Patrick; Georg-Friedrich Graf, Markus Lienkamp; Analyse und Neustrukturierung der Gesamtfahrzeugerprobung für Elektrofahrzeuge; 27-41; Innovative Automobiltechnik IV; Helmut Tschöke; Cuvillier, E; 2013 n Fuchs, S.; Lienkamp, M.; Modellierung des Gewichtseinflusses von Parametervariationen bei Elektrofahrzeugkonzepten; 215-229; Landshuter Leichtbau-Colloquium 2013 n Kohlhuber, Florian; Prof. Dr.-Ing. Markus Lienkamp; Online estimation of physical vehicle parameters with ESC sensors for adaptive vehicle dynamics controllers; 157-175; 13. Internationales Stuttgarter Symposium Automobil- und Motorentechnik; 26.27.02.2013 n Brendle, B., Hamacher, T., Lienkamp, M., Wilhelm, C. et al.; Model-Predictive Energy Management for the Integration of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles into Building Energy Systems; SAE 2013 World Congress; Paper 2013-01-1443; 2013 n Fuchs, Stephan; Markus Lienkamp; Parametrische Gewichts- und Effizienzmodellierung für neue Fahrzeugkonzepte; ATZ – Automobiltechnische Zeitschrift; 2013; 115; 3; 232-239 n Fuchs, Stephan; Markus Lienkamp; Parametric Modelling of Mass and Efficiency of New Vehicle Concepts; ATZ worldwide; 2013; 115; 3; 60-67 n Fuchs, Johannes; Markus Lienkamp; Technologies, Architectures for Electrified Vehicles; Auto Tech Review; 2013; 4; 24-30 n Schickram, Stephan; Zhi Till, Markus Lienkamp; Design of Electric Vehicle Concepts for Megacities in Asia; ATZ worldwide; 2013; 2; 24-28 n Schickram, Stephan; Zhi Till, Markus Lienkamp; Auslegung von elektrischen Fahrzeugkonzepten für Megacities in Asien; ATZ; 2013; 115; 2; 126-130 n Lienkamp Markus; Conference on Future Automotive Technology; Springer Fachmedien; 2013
n Lutz, Lennart S.; Tito Tang, Markus Lienkamp; Die rechtliche Situation von teleoperierten und autonomen Fahrzeugen; Neue Zeitschrift für Verkehrsrecht NZV; 2013; 26; 2; 57-63 n Fuchs, J.; Riemenschneider, T.; Pitrof, L.; Lienkamp, M.; Technical design and methodical evaluation of electrified vehicle architectures; 239-257; 13th International Stuttgart Symposium Automotive and Engine Technology; 2013 n Fuchs, J.; Lienkamp, M.; Technologie und Architektur für elektrifizierte Fahrzeuge; Automobiltechnische Zeitschrift (ATZ); 2013; 115; 3; 164-170 n Graf, Michael; Lienkamp, Markus ; Torque Vectoring Control Design Based on Objective Driving Dynamic Parameters; 1787-1796; Proceedings of the FISITA 2012 World Automotive Congress; Springer-Verlag; 2013 n Seitz, Maria; Daun, Thomas J.; Zimmermann, Andreas; Lienkamp, Markus; Measurement of Electrodermal Activity to Evaluate the Impact of Environmental Complexity on Driver Workload; Proceedings of the FISITA 2012 World Automotive Congress; Springer-Verlag; 2013 n Berberich, Thomas; Peter Gebhard, Stephan Bohlen, Oliver Danninger, Markus Lienkamp ; A New Approach to the Presentation of Vibration Phenomena in Vehicles; 591-598 ; Proceedings of the FISITA 2012 World Automotive Congress; Springer-Verlag; 2013 n Luccarelli, M., Lienkamp, M., Matt, D., and Russo Spena, P., Automotive Design Quantification: Parameters Defining Exterior Proportions According to Car Segment, SAE 2014 World Congress, 2014 n Sebastian Bender, Vinoth Pannirsilvam, Raymond Khoo, Pablo López Hidalgo, Maximilian Tschochner, Pratik Sheth, Sebastian Osswald, Daniel Gleyzes, Heong Wah Ng, Markus Lienkamp, Concept of an Electric Taxi – for Tropical Megacities, CoFAT, 2014 n Benjamin Reuter, Johannes Riedl, Thomas Hamacher, Markus Lienkamp, Alex M. Bradshaw, Future Resource Availability for the Production of Lithium-Ion Vehicle Batteries, CoFAT, 2014 n Claudia Meis, Dr. Michael Lehmann, Prof. Dr. Lienkamp, Prof. Dr. Spiegelberg, Development, Parameterization and Verification of a Series Hybrid Vehicle Model to investigate Energy Management Strategies, CoFAT, 2014 n Christian Campestrini, Georg Walder, Andreas Jossen, Markus Lienkamp, Temperature Influences on State and Parameter Estimation Based on a Dual Kalman Filter, CoFAT, 2014 n Stefan Matthias Müller, Alexander Pohl, Markus Lienkamp, Carsten Reinkemeyer, An Approach to Predictive Risk Analysis of Manipulation of Electric Vehicles, CoFAT, 2014 n Stephan Fuchs, Jonas Laubmann, Markus Lienkamp, Parametric Modelling of Cost arising from the Production, the Operation and the Recycling of Vehicles, CoFAT, 2014 n Martin R. Hammer, Udo Steininger, Lothar Wech, Georg Walder, Richard Eckl, Moritz Steffan, Markus Lienkamp, Development of Safe Energy Storage System for Small Electric Vehicles, CoFAT, 2014 n Dipl.-Ing. Benedikt Jäger, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Markus Lienkamp, Smartphone-based Energy Consumption Simulation for Electric Vehicles , CoFAT, 2014 n Martin Luccarelli, Dominik Tobias Matt, Pasquale Russo Spena, Markus Lienkamp; Purpose Design for Electric Cars – Parameters Defining Exterior Vehicle Proportions, CoFAT, 2014 n Markus Lienkamp, Status Elektromobilität 2014, Eigenverlag, 2014, Research Gate n Fuchs, S.; Werner, D.; Lienkamp, M.; Parametrische Gewichts-, Kosten- und Emissionsmodellierung für neue Fahrzeugkonzepte, Symposium Faszination Leichtbau, 2014
Institute of Automotive Technology
129
n Luccarelli, M., Lienkamp, M., Matt, D., and Russo Spena, P.; Automotive Design Quantification: Parameters Defining Exterior Proportions According to Car Segment; Technical Paper 2014-01-0357, SAE 2014 World Congress & Exhibition, 2014 n Benjamin Reuter,Karl Schönsteiner, Markus Wagner, Daniel Gleyzes, Tobias Massier, Thomas Hamacher, Markus Lienkamp; Life cycle greenhouse gas analysis for automotive applications – A case study for taxis in Singapore; International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy, 2014, 3, 2, 127-134 n Hans-Martin Kroll, Thomas Svantesson, Karsten Schmidt, Boris Buschardt, Markus Lienkamp; Road classification from two-dimensional model-based friction estimation, 761-778, chassis.tech plus, 5th International Munich Chassis Symposium, 2014 n Florian Kohlhuber, Markus Lienkamp; Load problem of lightweight electric vehicles and solution by online model adaptation, 281-302; chassis.tech plus, 5th International Munich Chassis Symposium, 2014 n Matthias Kreimeyer, Armin Förg, Markus Lienkamp; Fostering Modular Kits in an Industrial Brownfield Environment; Proceedings of TMCE 2014, Tools and Methods of Competitive Engineering, 2014 n Förg, A.; Kreimeyer, M.; Lienkamp, M.; Virtueller Fahrzeugentwurf und Architekturplanung in der frühen Konzeptphase; 7. Grazer Symposium Virtuelles Fahrzeug, 2014 n Hosseini, Amin; Bacara, Daniel; Lienkamp, Markus; A system design for automotive augmented reality using stereo night vision; 127-133, Intelligent Vehicles Symposium Proceedings, 2014 IEEE n Grubwinkler, Stefan; Hirschvogel, Martin; Lienkamp, Markus; Driver- and situation-specific impact factors for the energy prediction of EVs based on crowd-sourced speed profiles, 1069-1076 , Intelligent Vehicles Symposium Proceedings, 2014 IEEE n Sadeghipour, E., Duddeck, F., Lienkamp, M.; Crash Compatibility of Microcars: A Study on Current Test Approaches; crash.tech 2014 n Thomas Hierlinger, Christiane Netzker, Johann Unger, Mahsa Khazami, M. Lienkamp; Vorstellung innovativer Schutzsysteme eines Seitenaufprallschutzkonzepts für Kleinstfahrzeuge mit Potentialbetrachtung anhand von FE-Simulationen; crash. tech 2014 n Reuter, B., Gleyzes, D., Lienkamp, M.; Comparison of Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Conventional, CNG-Hybrid and Electric Powertrains for Long Mileage Application in a Taxi for Singapore; SAE World Congress, 2014 n Stephan Fuchs, Matthias Schaffer, Markus Lienkamp; Parametric Modelling of the CO2 Emissions of New Vehicle Designs; ATZworldwide, 2014, 116, 5, 54-61 n Stephan Fuchs, Matthias Schaffer, Markus Lienkamp; Parametrische CO2-Emissionsmodellierung für neue Fahrzeugkonzepte; ATZ, 2014, 116, 5, 70-77 n Georg Walder, Christian Campestrini, Markus Lienkamp, Andreas Jossen; Adaptive State and Parameter Estimation of Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on a Dual Linear Kalman Filter, 16-24; The Second International Conference on Technological Advances in Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering, 2014 n Hans-Martin Kroll, B. Burschardt, K. Schmidt, M. Lienkamp; Utilisation of customer-relevant driving behaviour for reliable friction potential estimation by scaling non-linear tyre models, 197-211; 14. Internationales Stuttgarter Symposium, 2014
130
Institute of Automotive Technology
n Daun, Thomas J.; Lienkamp, Markus; Verbundprojekt: ViFa – Virtueller Fahrtrainer – Entwicklung eines virtuellen Fahrtrainers zur Unterstützung einer verbrauchs- und verschleißoptimierten Fahrweise, 2014 n Heyes, Daniel; Daun, Thomas J.; Dörner, Karlheinz; Lienkamp, Markus; Verbundprojekt: ViFa – Virtueller Fahrtrainer – Entwicklung eines virtuellen Fahrtrainers zur Unterstützung einer verbrauchs- und verschleißoptimierten Fahrweise, 2014 n Stephan Schickram, Zhi Till, Markus Lienkamp; Design of Electric Vehicle Concepts for Megacities in Asia; autotech review, 2014, 3, 2, 30-34 n R. Kochhan, J. Lim, S. Knackfuß, D. Gleyzes and M. Lienkamp; Total Cost of Ownership and Willingness to Pay for Private Mobility in Singapore; 251-261, Sustainable Automotive Technologies 2013, J. Wellnitz et al., Springer International Publishing Switzerland, 2014 n Frederic Chucholowski, Tito Tang, Markus Lienkamp; Teleoperated Driving. Robust and Secure Data Connections; ATZ elektronik worldwide, 2014, 1, 42-45 n Frederic Chucholowski, Tito Tang, Markus Lienkamp; Teleoperiertes Fahren – Sichere und robuste Datenverbindungen; ATZ elektronik, 2014, 9, 1, 60-63 n Tito Tang, Frederic Chucholowski, Markus Lienkamp; Teleoperated driving, basics and system design; ATZworldwide, 2014, 2, 16-19 n Tito Tang, Frederic Chucholowski, Markus Lienkamp; Teleoperiertes Fahren. Grundlagen und Systementwurf; ATZ, 2014, 116, 2, 30-33 n Sebastian Bender, Markus Lienkamp; Concept of an Electric Taxi; Conference on Future Automotive Technology – Focus Electromobility, 2014 n Stefan Müller, Markus Lienkamp; Prognostizierte Risikoanalyse von Elektrofahrzeugen hinsichtlich unautorisierten Veränderungen; Conference on Future Automotive Technology – Focus Electromobility, 2014 n Stephan Fuchs, Jonas Laubmann, Markus Lienkamp; Parametrische Kostenmodellierung für die Produktion, den Betrieb und das Recycling von Fahrzeugen; Conference on Future Automotive Technology – Focus Electromobility, 2014 – p. 9 n Benedikt Jäger, Markus Lienkamp; Smartphonebasierte Energieverbrauchssimulation für Elektrofahrzeuge; Conference on Future Automotive Technology – Focus Electromobility, 2014 n Benjamin Reuter, Markus Lienkamp; Materialfluss analyse von Elementen in Batterien zur Einschätzung ihrer zukünftigen Verfügbarkeit; Conference on Future Automotive Technology – Focus Electromobility, 2014 n Sebastian Gnatzig, Frederic Chucholowski, Tito Tang and Markus Lienkamp; A system design for teleoperated road vehicles, 231-238; ICINCO 2013 – Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics, 10th International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics, ICINCO 2013, 2014 n Tang, T., Vetter, P., Finkl, S., Figel, K., Lienkamp, M.; Teleoperated road vehicles – The ‘Free Corridor’ as a safety strategy approach; 1399-1409, 2nd International Conference on Mechanical Design and Power Engineering, ICMDPE 2013, Applied Mechanics and Materials Volume 490-491, 2014
Institute of Product Development Processes, methods and tools for developers of technical products
n The focus of the Institute in the last two years is represented by the five focused research fields: Most projects are situated in the field of innovation & creativity. Together with industrial partners, the institute works on topics like user experience, bio-mimetics and open innovation (represented in three projects). The institute has a long tradition in the field of systems engineering and engineering design processes: In this field, the institute works on five projects within the Collaborative Research Centre SFB 768 and on several projects in collaboration with large companies as well as small and medium enterprises (SMEs).
Knowledge and approaches from systems engineering are also transferred to the research field of knowledge management: Facing the challenge of the huge amount of employees carrying knowledge for fulfilling tasks, the structural complexity approach helps handling these domains and deriving measures. Finally, projects on the topic of cost management deal with the challenge of early determination, but last causing of costs.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Udo Lindemann Contact www.pe.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.15131
Innovation & Creativity The current research activities of the Institute of Product Development in the field of innovation and creativity aim at the integration of relevant knowledge from various disciplines of product development. The institute recognizes potentials in the business environment as well as within the company, refines design methodologies and adapts processes. An essential component of research is the application within an industrial environment. The interdisciplinary product development allows the derivation of innovative, convertible and thus sustainable product architectures. Projects n CAR@TUM Project – Customer experience n DFG project – KomBi: Communication platform bio-inspired design n KME project – SME specific application of outside-in open innovation
UXIM model showing user experience interaction
n BMWi project – InnoCyFer: Integrated design and fabrication of customer individualized products in cyber physical manufacturing systems n BMBF project – RAKOON: Progress by active collaboration in open organisations n BMBF project – Web 2.0-based cluster management for MAI carbon n TUM project – visio.m
Institute of Product Development
131
Systems Engineering design of individual components. Methodologically seen, the institute works based on the approach of structural complexity management.
A socio-technical perspective of complexity in PSS
The Institute of Product Development has a long tradition of integrated product development. In recent years, research activities of systems engineering were performed to react on the increasing interdisciplinarity of product development and to benefit from synergies. Research focus of the department is the development of product architectures as an important link between requirements analysis and
Projects n DFG SFB project A10 – Analyzing the dynamics of cyclic interactions in PSS n Industry project – Development of a market driven system and product strategy for brake control systems n EU project – Amisa: Architecting manufacturing systems and industries for adaptability n Industry project – Analysis and quantification of complexity of a CT product family n Industry project – RaisED: Raising the efficiency of drilling processes by improving system architecture
Engineering Design Processes Research activities on engineering design processes focus on the development of efficient procedures for the design of complex technical products and service systems (PSS). The most important premise when analyzing and improving processes is the company- and situation-specific support of developers. In particular, the underlying product structure, the organizational conditions and the dynamics of internal and external factors for a targeted design process are taken into account. Projects n DFG SFB project A2 – Modeling and evaluating development relationships across disciplines n DFG SFB project B1 – Cycle-oriented planning and coordination of development processes n DFG SFB project C2 – Lifecycle-driven decision methodology in product-service system planning
132
Institute of Product Development
Cycle-oriented development processes
n DFG SFB project T1 – Methodology for creating cycle-robust module and platform strategies n KME project – Lean development in SMEs
Knowledge Transfer & Management is providing the information on best solutions within the company and across companies at the right time to the right employees. Due to the increasing flow of information and growing amount of unstructured data, this often is an un manageable challenge. The institute faces this challenge with approaches from system engineering.
Knowledge flows in product development and application
In addition to knowledge transfer between employees and the maintenance of knowledge portfolio, the research focus in this field is making existing knowledge of good solutions available. A key factor for successful product development
Projects n BFS project FORPRO2 – Methodolo gical toolkit for systematic evaluation of design solutions n BFS project FORPRO2 – Simulationoriented requirements engineering n KME project – Systematic development of a company’s knowledge n BMBF project – ConImit: Protection against product piracy
Cost Management In the area of cost management, the early phases of the product life cycle, the cost responsibility of designers and the necessary cooperation between various internal departments and external corporate points are emphasized. Designers and engineers are supported by the research activities of the department for product development in various areas. Thus, methods and tools are designed to enable cost estimates during early phases of product development and to make them thorough and reliable. Projects n DFG project – IVE: Cost analysis and optimization of mechatronic products by evaluating and designing product structures n BMWi project: – AIDA: Estimation of indirect costs in drive technology
Cost analysis and optimization
Institute of Product Development
133
Research Focus n Innovation & creativity n Systems engineering n Engineering design processes n Knowledge transfer & management n Cost management Competence n Structured, analytical approach n Support holistic understanding n Manage structural complexity n Methods in engineering design n Cost optimization in engineering design n Process pragmatism Infrastructure n Precision engineering workshop n Innovation lab for student projects with 3D printer Courses n Product Design and Development n Methods of Product Development n Management of Product Development n Cost Management in Product Development n Complexity Management for Industrial Applications n Management of Business Strategies Lectures in Collaboration with Further Institutes: n Basics of Engineering Design and Production Systems n Modeling and Simulation n Quality Management
134
Institute of Product Development
Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Udo Lindemann, Director Dr.-Ing. Markus Mörtl em. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Klaus Ehrlenspiel, Emeretius Adjunct Professors Prof. PD Dr. Werner Seidenschwarz Administrative Staff Edith Marquard-Schmitt Brigitte Erhardt Katja Zajicek Eva Körner Robert Weiß Christian Adlberger Michael Riedl Research Scientists Dipl.-Ing. David Allaverdi Dipl.-Ing. Wolfgang Bauer Dipl.-Ing. Florian Behncke Dipl.-Ing. Annette Böhmer Dipl.-Ing. Cristina Carro Saavedra Dipl.-Ing. Nepomuk Chucholowski Dr. Hugo D’Albert Fatos Elezi, M.Sc. Alexander Golovatenko, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Gürtler Dipl.-Ing. Helena Hashemi Farzaneh Dr.-Ing. Bergen Helms Dipl.-Biol. Katharina Helms Dipl.-Ing. Christoph Hollauer Maik Holle, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Daniel Kammerl Dipl.-Ing. Daniel Kasperek Dr.-Ing. Maximilian Kissel Dipl.-Ing. Simon Kremer Dipl.-Ing. Alexander Lang Dipl.-Ing. Sebastian Maisenbacher Dipl.-Ing. Ioanna Michailidou Christopher Münzberg, M.Sc. Dr. Mayada Omer Dipl.-Ing. Michael Roth Dipl.-Ing. M.Sc. Constantin v. Saucken Dipl.-Ing. Lisa Schmid Dipl.-Ing. Danilo Schmidt Dipl.-Ing. Christian Schmied Dipl.-Ing. Florian Schöttl Dr. Srinivasan Venkataraman Dominik Weidmann, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Martina Wickel Julian Wilberg, M.Sc.
Publications 2013-14 n Allaverdi, D., Herberg, A., Lindemann, U.: Lifecycle perspective on uncertainty and value robustness in the offshore drilling industry. (2013) SysCon 2013 – 7th Annual IEEE International Systems Conference, Proceedings, art. no. 6549989, pp. 886-893. n Behncke, F.G.H., Ehrhardt, J., Lindemann, U.: Models for the optimization of supply chains a literature review. (2013) IEEE International Confer ence on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, art. no. 6962548, pp. 929-933. n Behncke, F.G.H., Eichinger, J., Lindemann, U.: Involvement of procurement in the product creation process: A systematization scheme of measures. (2014) Procedia CIRP, 17, pp. 356-361. n Behncke, F.G.H., Holstein, J., Lindemann, U.: Method for the supplier selection in supply chain networks: An approach of structural complexity management. (2014) 8th Annual IEEE International Systems Conference, SysCon 2014 – Proceedings, art. no. 6819302, pp. 497-504. n Behncke, F.G.H., Kübel, T., Lindemann, U.: Supplier evaluation based on a product’s architecture. (2013) Reducing Risk in Innovation: Proceedings of the 15th International DSM Conference Melbourne, Australia, 29-30 August 2013, pp. 89-96. n Behncke, F.G.H., Maurer, D., Schrenk, L., Schmidt, D.M., Lindemann, U.: Clustering technique for DSMs. (2014) 16th International Dependency and Structure Modelling Conference, DSM 2014, pp. 177-186. n Behncke, F.G.H., Walter, F.M.A., Lindemann, U.: Procedure to match the supply chain network design with a products‘ architecture. (2014) Procedia CIRP, 17, pp. 272-277. n Chakrabarti, A., Srinivasan, V., Ranjan, B.S.C., Lindemann, U.: A case for multiple views of function in design based on a common definition. (2013) Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing: AIEDAM, 27 (3), pp. 271-279. n Chucholowski, N., Langer, S., Behncke, F., Lindemann, U.: Comparison of engineering change cause analysis in literature and industrial practice. (2013) Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design, ICED, 1 DS75-01, pp. 31-40. n Elezi, F., Maier, T.G., Lindemann, U.: Engineering change management challenges and management cybernetics. (2013) SysCon 2013 – 7th Annual IEEE International Systems Conference, Proceedings, art. no. 6549938, pp. 567-573. n Elezi, F., Resch, D., Tommelein, I.D., Bauer, W., Maurer, M., Lindemann, U.: A viable system model perspective on variant management based on a Structural Complexity Management approach. (2014) 16th International Dependency and Structure Modelling Conference, DSM 2014, pp. 13-22. n Elezi, F., Resch, D., Tommelein, I.D., Lindemann, U.: Improving organizational design and diagnosis by supporting viable system model application with structural complexity management. (2013) 15th International Dependency and Structure Modelling Conference, DSM 2013, pp. 133-140. n Elezi, F., Schmidt, M., Tommelein, I.D., Lindemann, U.: Enhanced viability in organizations: An approach to expanding the requirements of the viable system model. (2013) IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, art. no. 6962483, pp. 605-610. n Guertler, M.R., Elezi, F., Lindemann, U.: How to assess actors for an Open Innovation-Project? (2014) 16th International Dependency and Structure Modelling Conference, DSM 2014, pp. 359-368.
n Gürtler, M.R., Lindemann, U.: Situative open innovation – A model for selecting the right external actors and involving them in an efficient way. (2013) Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design, ICED, 3 DS75-03, pp. 259-268. n Gürtler, M.R., Lindemann, U.: Using boolean operators for modeling complex logical dependencies in matrices. (2013) 15th International Dependency and Structure Modelling Conference, DSM 2013, pp. 117-123. n Hashemi Farzaneh, H., Kaiser, M.K., Lindemann, U.: Influence of communication elements and cognitive effects on creative solution search in groups. (2013) Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design, ICED, 7 DS75-07, pp. 59-68. n Herzberger, P., Behncke, F.G.H., Schenkl, S., Lindemann, U.: Interactive modeling and evaluation of Product-Service-Systems. (2013) Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design, ICED, 4 DS75-04, pp. 359-368. n Kasperek, D., Chucholowski, N., Maisenbacher, S., Lindemann, U., Maurer, M.: A method for impact analysis of cyclic changes within innovation processes of PSS. (2014) Procedia CIRP, 16, pp. 205-210. n Kernschmidt, K., Behncke, F., Chucholowski, N., Wickel, M., Bayrak, G., Lindemann, U., VogelHeuser, B.: An integrated approach to analyze change-situations in the development of production systems. (2014) Procedia CIRP, 17, pp. 148-153. n Kernschmidt, K., Wolfenstetter, T., Münzberg, C., Kammerl, D., Goswami, S., Lindemann, U., Krcmar, H., Vogel-Heuser, B.: Concept for an integrationframework to enable the crossdisciplinary development of product-service systems. (2013) IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, art. no. 6962430, pp. 340-345. n Kissel, M., Lindemann, U.: System architecture change decisions in multi-variant product portfolios. (2013) Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design, ICED, 4 DS75-04, pp. 11-20. n Kohn, A., Lindemann, U., Maurer, M.: Knowledge base for supporting the handling of product models in engineering design. (2013) Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design, ICED, 6 DS75-06, pp. 1-10. n Kremer, S., Michailidou, I., Von Saucken, C., Lindemann, U.: User experience milestones structuring the development of experience products. (2014) Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 8520 LNCS (PART 4), pp. 308-318. n Kuhlmann, F., Hannemann, J., Traub, M., Böhme, C., Zillner, S., Cavallaro, A., Seifert, S., Decker, B., Traphöner, R., Kayser, S., Lindemann, U., Prasse, S., Marczinski, G., Grützner, R., Fasse, A., Oberle, D.: The THESEUS Use Cases. (2014) Cognitive Technologies, 39, pp. 259-287. n Maier, T.G., Elezi, F., Lindemann, U.: A snapshot approach for applying the Viable System Model in management systems. (2013) SysCon 2013 – 7th Annual IEEE International Systems Conference, Proceedings, art. no. 6549918, pp. 431-436. n Maisenbacher, S., Behncke, F.G.H., Lindemann, U.: Model for integrated value engineering. (2013) IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, art. no. 6962618, pp. 1288-1292.
Institute of Product Development
135
n Michailidou, I., Von Saucken, C., Kremer, S., Lindemann, U.: A user experience design toolkit. (2014) Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 8517 LNCS (PART 1), pp. 163-172. n Michailidou, I., Von Saucken, C., Lindemann, U.: Extending the product specification with emotional aspects: Introducing user experience stories. (2013) Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design, ICED, 7 DS75-07, pp. 477-486. n Michailidou, I., Von Saucken, C., Lindemann, U.: How to create a user experience story. (2013) Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 8012 LNCS (PART 1), pp. 554-563. n Nies, B.J., Robert, O., Lindemann, U.: Customer focused requirement engineering and system design for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV). (2013) Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design, ICED, 1 DS75-01, pp. 329-338. n Ölmez, M., Lindemann, U.: Decision-maker modeling for decision support application. (2014) Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, 261, pp. 429-440. n Ölmez, M., Lindemann, U.: Managing attribute complexity for user-centered decision support systems. (2014) Procedia Computer Science, 28, pp. 130-137. n Orawski, R., Hein, C., Polenov, D., Holle, M., Schenkl, S., Mörtl, M., Lindemann, U.: Reuse of requirements: An approach with a generic requirements pool. (2013) Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design, ICED, 1 DS7501, pp. 349-358. n Reik, A., Lindemann, U.: Analyzing which technology-related information is required at which stage of product planning: A literature-based approach to integrate technology management into strategic product planning. (2014) 2014 International Confer ence on Engineering, Technology and Innovation: Engineering Responsible Innovation in Products and Services, ICE 2014, art. no. 6871555. n Reik, A.U., King, M., Lindemann, U.: Investigation of the information generated by technology management tools and links to strategic product planning stages. (2013) IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, art. no. 6962428, pp. 330-334. n Roelofsen, J., Fuchs, S.D., Fuchs, D.K., Lindemann, U.: Implementing an internal development process benchmark using PDM-data. (2014) Competitive Design – Proceedings of the 19th CIRP Design Conference, pp. 163-169. n Roth, M., Kasperek, D., Lindemann, U.: Functional analysis and modeling of complex, evolutionary grown, mechatronic products. (2013) IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, art. no. 6962431, pp. 346-350. n Roth, M., Kasperek, D., Lindemann, U.: Identifying the adequate level of abstraction within structural modeling. (2014) 8th Annual IEEE International Systems Conference, SysCon 2014 – Proceedings, art. no. 6819273, pp. 301-308.
136
Institute of Product Development
n Roth, M., Kasperek, D., Lindemann, U.: Verifying the abstraction level of structural models. (2014) Procedia Computer Science, 28, pp. 497-504. n Schenkl, S.A., Behncke, F.G.H., Hepperle, C., Langer, S., Lindemann, U.: Managing cycles of innovation processes of product-service systems. (2013) Proceedings – 2013 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC 2013, art. no. 6721914, pp. 918-923. n Scheurmann, E., Maurer, M., Schmidt, D., Lindemann, U.: Reducing risk in innovation: Proceed ings of the 15th International DSM Conference Melbourne, Australia, 29-30 August 2013. (2013) pp. 1-143. n Schoettl, F., Bauer, W., Lindemann, U.: Design for system lifecycle properties - Support of planning processes by modularization of stakeholder networks. (2013) 15th International Dependency and Structure Modelling Conference, DSM 2013, pp. 125-132. n Schoettl, F., Lindemann, U.: Design for system lifecycle properties – A generic approach for modularizing systems. (2014) Procedia Computer Science, 28, pp. 682-691. n Schoettl, F., Paefgen, M.-C., Lindemann, U.: Approach for measuring change-induced com plexity based on the production architecture. (2014) Procedia CIRP, 17, pp. 172-177. n Schrieverhoff, P., Lindemann, U.: Managing a methodology-development requirement-process – best practices and lessons learned. (2013) Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design, ICED, 5 DS75-05, pp. 51-60. n Siyam, G.I., Kirner, K., Wynn, D.C., Lindemann, U., Clarkson, P.J.: Lean product development in practice: Insights from 4 companies. (2013) Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design, ICED, 1 DS75-01, pp. 439-448. n Steinhaeusser, T., Elezi, F., Tommelein, I.D., Lindemann, U.: Management cybernetics as a theoretical basis for lean thinking. (2013) 21st Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction 2013, IGLC 2013, pp. 954-963. n Von Saucken, C., Michailidou, I., Kremer, S., Lindemann, U.: Motive-oriented design helping automobile engineers to take the user‘s perspective! (2014) Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 8520 LNCS (PART 4), pp. 370-377. n Von Saucken, C., Michailidou, I., Lindemann, U.: Emotional mental model. (2013) IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineer ing Management, art. no. 6962522, pp. 802-806. n Von Saucken, C., Michailidou, I., Lindemann, U.: How to design experiences: Macro UX versus Micro UX approach. (2013) Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 8015 LNCS (PART 4), pp. 130-139.
Institute of Automatic Control Model based analysis and design are ‘enablers’ to successful control of complex dynamical systems
n The institute is active in methods development and application. New methods of nonlinear control, energy-based modeling and design, model order reduction, adaptive and predictive control are developed, in order to support an efficient control of technical systems. Within a Collaborative Research Centre, methods are developed to even model and analyze non-technical processes. Highly challenging applications are in automotive and vibration problems, in robust multicopter flight control, unstable robots control, and in feedback control of industrial processes.
Active and Semi-active Suspension Control This research field deals with the configuration and control of active suspension systems in vehicles. The main tasks are a wide minimization of vibrations acting on passengers and the reduction of upcom ing dynamic wheel load deviations while complying with the technical boundary conditions. The possibilities of standard passive suspension systems are limited due to the conflict of objectives in the design process (see conflict diagram). Introducing active and/or semi-active suspension components together with an
Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Boris Lohmann Contact www.rt.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.15610
Experiments are performed at two quarter-car test stands available in the Institute of Automatic Control
Conflict diagram for different suspension configurations
appropriate control strategy allows better response to road disturbances so that ride comfort and road holding abilities are significantly improved.
Vibration Control in the Drive Train A rotating mechatronic actuator integrated into the two-mass flywheel can significantly reduce the influence of engineinduced vibration in the drive train while keeping energy consumption low.
Two-mass-flywheel with integrated mechatronic actuator
Institute of Automatic Control
137
Model-based Control in Electro-Chemical Machining
Electro-chemical machining setup and operating principle
Electrochemical machining is a nonconventional metal machining technique based on electrolysis. A negatively
polarized metallic cathode with a defined shape (tool electrode) is advanced towards the metallic anode (workpiece), while the inter-electrode gap is filled with suitable electrolyte. The workpiece is then shaped by controlled anodic dissolution. By state observation and sophisticated automatic control, the performance is significantly improved (in co-operation with the Institute of Materials Science and Mechanics of Materials).
Parametric Model Order Reduction The main goal of parametric model order reduction of linear systems is to find a much smaller (reduced) model that preserves the parameter-dependency, thus allowing a variation of any of the parameters without the need to repeat the reduction step. In addition, the methods should be numerically efficient to be suitable for the reduction of large-scale systems and at the same time its computational cost should be low enough to keep the reduction step numerically justified.
ISS as an example of a high-order flexible structure (Photo: NASA)
Energy Based Modeling and Control The research on different aspects of energy based methods for modeling and control has been a major topic at the Institute of Automatic Control in the last few years. Using energy as the link between physical domains, energy based approaches like the port-Hamiltonian formalism provide a unifying framework for interdisciplinary modeling of complex dynamical systems. Relevant fields of application are robotics and the operation of networks of transmission systems.
138
Institute of Automatic Control
Two unstable dynamic systems as experimental setups for energy based control and Takagi-Sugeno design
Switched Systems Control and Takagi-Sugeno Systems
Switching controller architecture
Switched systems are of practical relevance in numerous fields. On the one hand, many technical systems can be described by this kind of models. On the other hand, compared to traditional control methods, considerable performance benefits can be achieved by using switching controller structures. Energy-
based as well as Takagi-Sugeno modelbased approaches are developed. Within the Collaborative Research Centre ‘Zyklenmanagement von Innovationsprozessen’ of the German Research Council (DFG), the modeling and analysis of non-technical dynamical systems is investigated.
Research Focus n Nonlinear control theory n Energy based modelling and control n Model reduction n Automotive and active vibration control
Courses n Regelungstechnik (Bachelor MW) n Advanced Control (Master MSPE) n Systemtheorie in der Mechatronik (Bachelor MW) n Moderne Methoden der Regelungstechnik 1 bis 3 (Master) n Nonlinear Control (MSPE) n Abtastregelung und Computer-Algebra (Master)
Competence n Mechatronic systems design and control n Feedback control in production systems n Control and optimization n Modeling, analysis and control of technical and non-technical processes n Adaptive and model predictive control n Modeling and model analysis Infrastructure n Two quarter car test stands n Diverse mechatronic test rigs n Control systems design lab n Electrical and mechanical workshop
Institute of Automatic Control
139
Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Boris Lohmann, Director Administrative Staff Regine Markwort Research Scientists Dr.-Ing. Paul Kotyczka (Head of Energy Based Control Group) Klaus Albert, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Simon Altmannshofer Dipl.-Ing. Markus Boxhammer Alessandro Castagnotto, M.Sc. Maria Cruz Varona, M. Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Sergio Delgado Dipl.-Ing. Paul De Monte
Dipl.-Ing. Klaus J. Diepold Dipl.-Ing. Oliver Fritsch Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Geuß, M.Sc. Richard Kern, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Tobias Kloiber Dipl.-Ing. Philipp Niermeyer Dipl.-Ing. Heiko Panzer Dipl.-Ing. Peter Philipp Dipl.-Ing. Nils Pletschen Dipl.-Ing. Sebastian Spirk Dipl.-Ing. Benjamin Stahl Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Wolf Technical Staff Thomas Huber Ralf Hübner
Publications 2013-14 n Boxhammer, M.; Altmannshofer, S.: Model Predictive Control in Pulsed Electrochemical Machining. Journal of Process Control 24 (1), 2014, 296-303 n Boxhammer, M.; Lu, J.: Modelling and State Estimation in Pulsed ECM with Variable Electrolyte Conductivity. Key Engineering Materials 554-557, 2013, pp 1910-1915 n De Monte, P.; Lohmann, B.: Position Trajectory Tracking of a Quadrotor based on L1 Adaptive Control. at-Automatisierungstechnik 62 (3), 2014, 188-202 n De Monte, P.; Lohmann, B.: Position Trajectory Tracking of a Quadrotor Helicopter based on L1 Adaptive Control. Proceedings of the European Control Conference, 2013 n De Monte, P.; Lohmann, B.: Trajectory Tracking Control for a Quadrotor Helicopter based on Backstepping using a Decoupling Quaternion Parametrization. Proceedings of the IEEE Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation, 2013 n Delgado, S.; Kotyczka, P.: Overcoming the Dissipation Condition in Passivity-Based Control for a Class of Mechanical Systems. Proceedings of the 19th IFAC World Congress, 2014, 11189-11194 n Diepold, K.J.; Albers, A.; Guggemos, T.: Flachheitsbasierte Trajektorienoptimierung entlang von Wegpunkten für ein lineares Ballbot-System. at-Automatisierungstechnik 62 (12), 2014, 842-850 n Diepold, K.J.; Albert, K.: Lokale Stabilitätsanalyse von Takagi-Sugeno Systemen unter Berücksichtigung ihres Gültigkeitsbereichs. at-Automatisierungstechnik 62 (10), 2014, 687–697 n Diepold, K.J.; Pieczona, S.J.: Tracking Control with Adaptively Allocated Maximum Input Amplitudes and Enlarged Domain of Attraction for Linear Systems. Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, Florence, Italy, 2013 n Falconi, G.; Fritsch, O.; Lohmann, B.; Holzapfel, F.: Admissible Thrust Control Laws for Quadrotor Position Tracking. Proceedings of the American Control Conference, 2013, The paper received the Best Presentation in Session Award. n Fritsch, O.; Henze, B.; Lohmann, B.: Fast and Saturating Attitude Control for a Quadrotor Helicopter. Proceedings of the European Control Conference, 2013
140
Institute of Automatic Control
n Fritsch, O.; Henze, B.; Lohmann, B.: Fast and Saturating Thrust Direction Control for a Quadrotor Helicopter. at-Automatisierungstechnik 61 (3), 2013, 172-182 n Fritsch, O.; Tromba, D.; Lohmann, B.: Cascaded Energy Based Trajectory Tracking Control of a Quadrotor. at-Automatisierungstechnik 62 (6), 2014, 408-422 n Geuß, M.; Butnaru, D.; Peherstorfer, B.; Bungartz, H.; Lohmann, B.: Parametric Model Order Reduction by Sparse-Grid-Based Interpolation on Matrix Manifolds for Multidimensional Parameter Spaces. Proceedings of the European Control Conference, 2014, 2727-2732 n Geuß, M.; Choi, C.; Lohmann, B.: Control of Parameter-dependent High-order Systems using Parametric Model Reduction. at-Automatisierungstechnik 62 (7), 2014, 523-533 n Geuß, M.; Panzer, H.; Clifford, I.; Lohmann, B.: Parametric Model Order Reduction Using Pseudo inverses for the Matrix Interpolation of Differently Sized Reduced Models. Proceedings of the 19th IFAC World Congress, 2014, 9468-9473 n Geuß, M.; Panzer, H.; Lohmann, B.: On Parametric Model Order Reduction by Matrix Interpolation. Proceedings of the European Control Conference, 2013, 3433-3438 n Geuß, M.; Panzer, H.; Wolf, T.; Lohmann, B.: Stability Preservation for Parametric Model Order Reduction by Matrix Interpolation. Proceedings of the European Control Conference, 2014, 1098-1103 n Giftthaler, M.; Wolf, T.; Panzer, H.; Lohmann, B.: Parametric Model Order Reduction of Port-Hamiltonian Systems by Matrix Interpolation. at-Automatisierungstechnik 62 (9), 2014, 619-628 n Koch, G.; Kloiber, T.: Driving state adaptive control of an active vehicle suspension system. IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology 22 (1), 2014, 44-57 n Kotyczka, P., Brandstäter, S.: Inversion-based feedforward control for discretized port-Hamiltonian systems. Proceedings of the 21st International Symposium on Mathematical Theory of Networks and Systems (MTNS), 2014, 729-735
n Kotyczka, P.: Discretized models for networks of distributed parameter port-Hamiltonian systems. Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Multidimensional Systems (nDS13), 2013 n Kotyczka, P.: Local linear dynamics assignment in IDA-PBC. Automatica 49 (4), 2013, 1037-1044 n Kotyczka, P.: On the feedforward control problem for discretized port-Hamiltonian systems. Proceedings of the 19th IFAC World Congress, 2014, 652-658 n Kotyczka, P.; Sarras, I.: On the equivalence of two nonlinear control approaches: Immersion and Invariance and IDA-PBC. European Journal of Control, Special Issue on Lagrangian Methods for Nonlinear Control 19 (6), 2013, 445-453 n Kugler, K.; Stahl, B.; Diepold, K.J.; Reif, J.: Lohmann, B.; Brodbeck, F.: Zyklische Teamprozesse und Innovationsleistung – eine auf Fuzzy Logik basierte Modellierung wechselseitiger Beziehungen verschiedener Prozessphasen. 49. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie, 2014 n Panzer, H.; Jaensch, S.; Wolf, T.; Lohmann, B.: A Greedy Rational Krylov Method for H2-Pseudooptimal Model Order Reduction with Preservation of Stability. Proceedings of the American Control Conference, 2013, The paper received the Best Presentation in Session Award. n Panzer, H.; Wolf, T.; Lohmann, B.: H_2 and H_infinity Error Bounds for Model Order Reduction of Second Order Systems by Krylov Subspace Methods. Proceedings of the European Control Conference, 2013 n Panzer, H.; Wolf, T.; Lohmann, B.: Error-Controlled Model Order Reduction of Second Order Systems with Adaptive Choice of Shifts and Order. Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, 2014, 847-848 n Pellegrini, E.; Spirk, S.; Diepold, K.J.; Dessort, R.; Lohmann, B.: Nonlinear Control of a Semi-Active Suspension System Considering Actuator and State Constraints Using Methods of Optimal Control. Proceedings of the 2013 American Control Conference, 2013 – The paper received the Best Presentation in Session Award. n Pfleghaar, J.; Lohmann B.: The Electrical Dual Mass Flywheel – an Efficient Active Damping System. Proceedings of the 7th IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control, 2013 n Pfleghaar, J.; Lohmann B.: The Electro Dual Mass Flywheel – Efficient active damping of torsional drive train oscillations. Autoreg 2013 VDI-Berichte 2196, 2013
n Philipp, P.; Schneider, M.: A Decentralized Moving Horizon Observer for Distributed Implementation of Centralized Controllers. Proceedings of the 2013 American Control Conference, 2013, 2490-2496 n Plehn, C.; Koch, J.; Diepold, K.J.; Stahl, B.; Lohman, B.; Reinhart, G.; Zäh, M.: Modeling and analyzing dynamic cycle networks in production planning. Procedia CIRP – 3rd CIRP Global Web Conference on Production Engineering Research: Advancement beyond state of the art, 2014 n Pletschen, N.; Badur, P.: Nonlinear State Estimation in Suspension Control Based on Takagi-Sugeno Model. Proceedings of the 19th IFAC World Congress, 2014, 11231-11237, The paper was awarded an Honourable Mention as one of five finalist papers for the Young Author Prize. n Pletschen, N.; Spirk, S.; Lohmann, B.: Frequency-Selective Adaptive Control of a Hybrid Suspension System. Proceedings of the 7th IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control, Tokyo, Japan, 2013 n Spirk, S.; Hu, C.: Traktionsorientierte Regelung aktiver Fahrwerke mittels Straßenprofilabtastung oder radstandbasierter Schätzung. 6. VDI/VDE Fachtagung Autoreg 2013 – Steuerung und Regelung von Fahrzeugen und Motoren (VDI-Berichte/ VDI-Tagungsbände), VDI Verlag, 2013 n Stahl, B.; Diepold, K.J.; Pohl, J.; Greitemann, J.; Plehn, C.; Koch, J.; Lohmann, B.; Reinhart, G.: Modeling Cyclic Interactions within a Production Environment using Transition Adaptive Recurrent Fuzzy Systems. Proceedings of the 2013 IFAC Conference on Manufacturing Modelling, Management and Control, 2013 n Wolf, T.; Panzer, H.: Cumulative model order reduction and solution of Lyapunov equations using Krylov subspaces and adaptive shift selection. 2nd Workshop on Model Reduction of Complex Dynamical Systems (ModRed), 2013 n Wolf, T.; Panzer, H.; Lohmann, B.: H2 PseudoOptimality in Model Order Reduction by Krylov Subspace Methods. Proceedings of the European Control Conference, 2013 n Wolf, T.; Panzer, H.; Lohmann, B.: Model Order Reduction by Approximate Balanced Truncation: A Unifying Framework. at-Automatisierungstechnik 61 (8), 2013, 545-556 n Wolf, T.; Panzer, H.; Lohmann, B.: On the Residual of Large-Scale Lyapunov Equations for KrylovBased Approximate Solutions. Proceedings of the American Control Conference, 2013
Institute of Automatic Control
141
Institute of Micro Technology and Medical Device Technology Computational design and rapid manufacturing of certified devices, mechanisms and robots
Prof. Dr. Tim C. Lüth Contact www.mimed.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.15190
n The focus of the Institute of Micro Technology and Medical Device Technology is to accelerate the process of developing ideas into products. In research and science, the time required for implementation is a significant factor for success. Therefore, rapid prototyping and rapid manufacturing technologies are part of our main research interest. We are systematically developing and analyzing new rapid technologies, as well as applying them in the areas of precision engineering, micro technology and medical device technology. We are systematically validating our research devices to achieve reliable scientific results. In the area of medical technology, we develop according to ISO 13485, certify our devices according to MDD/FDA and perform clinical studies according to ISO 14155. One highlight in October 2013 was certainly the commercial launch of the new additive production system: 3D-printer Arburg freeformer. This system enables production of fully functional plastic parts using the new additive manufacturing technique from 3D CAD files out of standard granulates and without a mold: ARBURG plastic freeforming – AKF. Therefore, it offers boundless freedom in the efficient production of individual parts in small volume batches. This device has been developed in close cooperation with MiMed. In December 2013, our alumnus Dr. Ingo Ederer from the company voxeljet was honored with the title ‘TUM Entrepreneur of the Year’ for his enormous achievements in 3D printing technology.
3d-printing: freeformer (Arburg)
Mechatronic Devices for Clinical Interventions – CAS – SRS
3D-printed flexible single-port system (MiMed)
The goal in minimally-invasive surgery through a single incision, such as NOTES (natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery) or single-port surgery, is to reduce the operative and post-operative stress 142
Institute of Micro Technology and Medical Device Technology
for the patients. Today’s challenges for physicians during procedures are the lack of mobility in the flexible instruments used inside the human body. Primarily the ability to manipulate tissue from different sides (triangulation of instruments) needs to be made possible. With our single-port robot system we are following a new path to develop a system for minimally-invasive surgery by using additive manufacturing methods like selective laser sintering (SLS). By using SLS it is feasible to create rigid structures with local flexure hinges monolithically that are custom-made adaptions for different types of patient and surgical
procedures. To adapt our systems to different standard endoscopic equipment, procedures and patients, we use a unique puzzle-clip mechanism and thereby create a high modularization of the system. The used raw material PA 2200, a polyamide based thermoplastic polymer, is certificated as biocompatible according to DIN EN ISO 10993. This proves that the proposed Multi Arm Snake-Like SLS Robot system is much closer to being used during minimally-invasive procedures and has a high chance of reaching the ultimate goal – clinical certification. Projects n DFG project ‘Single-port System für gastroenterologische viszeralchirurgische endoskopische Interventionen’ n BMBF project ‘Intraoperative soft tissue visualization, segmentation and treatment planning’
n BMBF project ‘Surgical soft tissue navigation of instruments and intraoperative imaging’ n Surgical navigation for veterinary medicine n BFS project ‘Surgical laser for dental implantology (TUM/MRI)’ n DFG package research 404 ‘Gradually automation in surgery’ (Munich/Leipzig) n Optimal design of precise surgical instruments for computer-assistedsurgery (CAS) n DFG project ‘Method for endoluminal wound closure’ (Munich/Strasbourg) n DFG project ‘Automated real time imaging for laparoscopic interventions’ n DFG project ‘Shape control of flexible endoscopes’ n DFG project ‘Micro manipulator for ENT surgery’ n DFG proposal ‘Functional signal based power control of active instruments’
3D Printing – Direct Manufacturing – Rapid Manufacturing – Rapid Prototyping Since 1992, MiMED, the Institute of Micro Technology and Medical Device Technolo gy, has been working in the field of design, programming and application of 3D printing technology. In research, diverse technologies such as fused deposition modeling (FDM), 3D printing, selective laser sintering (SLS), selective laser melting (SLM), and drop injection printing (DIP) are used or improved. The company voxeljet from Augsburg is a spin-off of the institute. Companies such as Arburg from Lossburg use our hardware and software technologies. Using rapid technologies, a chemical-resistant piezoelectrically-driven microdrop generator can be fabricated in a cost and time saving manner. Thus it is especially suitable as an experimental platform. Projects n 3D printing of structures with calibrated stiffness n 3D printing of modular robotics n 3D printing of mechanical test bodies (Gauges)
Fluid chambers build in silicon with laserablation (MiMed)
n Development of a high-pressure high-temperature printhead n High temperature solder printing n Chemical-resistant microdrop generator n Laser source independent parameters in micro-cutting n Fluid flow of polymer melts n 3D printing of constructive mechanisms n STL postprocessing for 3D-printer table control
Institute of Micro Technology and Medical Device Technology 143
AgeTech 2020 – Technology for Aging Society
Wheelchair supporting patients to stand up (MiMed)
144
We live in a world of drastic changes: the birth rate in Germany has dramatically fallen. At the same time, our society is swiftly aging which requires our bodies to continue functioning for a longer period of time. To deal with these great challenges, we expect science and engineering to overcome any physiological limitations, including bodily malfunction and diseases. If mankind is to survive and adjust to these changes as well as to thrive, we need to explore new solutions that overcome natural biological constraints. The AgeTech Group has been established at the Faculty of Micro Technology and Medical Device Technology (MiMed) to pioneer state-of-the-art technological solutions that aim to prolong the independence of the elderly and simultaneously reduce the demanding workload of nurses in professional nursing homes. Through generous funding by the Alfried Krupp von Bohlen and Halbach-Stiftung, as well as international collaboration with recognized rehabilitation centers, we are able to pursue interdisciplinar research in the field of advanced transfer assistance systems for nurses and wearable robotics that augment musculoskeletal degeneration. Due to the natural biological aging process, human beings are experiencing age-related health constraints that increase the need for personal care and
Institute of Micro Technology and Medical Device Technology
Mug measuring liquid intake (MiMed)
inevitably increase the need for profes sional nursing homes. The AgeTech Group studies and develops individualized mechanisms for wheelchairs and wear able robotics that compensate these age-related constraints such as muscle weekness, instability, exhaustion or slow reflexes. Current research also focuses on prevention of dehydration. The common decreasing sensation of thirst in the eldery can be a health threat and lead to fatal bodily malfunction if not prevented at an early stage. The AgeTech group is developing an automated system, which is able to measure fluid intake. It consists of a smart cup, which monitors drinking behavior. This information can be applied as direct feedback to the user, family members and nursing staff in case of insufficient fluid intake.
Research Focus n Medical navigation and robotics n 3D printing of robots and instruments n Additive production technology n Micro-technological production n Synthesis of kinematics n Assistance systems for aging society Competence n Automatic CAD-construction/matlab n Synthesis of joint mechanisms n 3D measurement technology (optical, EM) n Robotics n Mechatronic control n Quality management (ISO 9000/13485) Infrastructure n Precision mechanics workshop (ISO13485) n Micro-technology laser treatment n Additive manufacturing systems (3D printing, FDM, SLS, freeformer) n Certified ER n Electronics workshop Courses n Microsystem Technology n Medical Device Technology n Automation in Medicine n Admission of Medical Devices n Kinematics Management Prof. Dr. Tim Lüth, Director Dr.-Ing. Franz Irlinger, Academic Director Renate Heuser, Secretary Anna Kröckel, Secretary Adjunct Professors Prof. Dr. Walter Kucharczyk, IAS Fischer Senior Fellow (Univ. Toronto) Prof. Dr. Gero Strauß, Medical Coordinator (Univ. Leipzig) Prof. Dr.-Ing. Joerg Vollrath, Electronics, Olching, Kempten
Research Scientists Dipl.-Ing. Kassim Abdul-Sater Franz Bauer, M.Sc. Suat Cömert, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Johannes Coy Dr.-Ing. Lorenzo D’Angelo Houde Dai, M.Sc. Christian Dietz, M.Sc. Dipl.-Math. Max Dingler Tatiana Eliseeva, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Konrad Entsfellner Dipl.-Ing. Chen Fang Dipl.-Ing. Michael Horper Franziska Klein, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Eva Graf Dipl.-Ing. Jan Gumprecht Dipl.-Ing. Markus Kagerer Dipl.-Ing. Joachim Kreutzer Dipl.-Ing. Ismail Kuru Dipl.-Ing. Tobias Lüddemann Dipl.-Ing. Henrik Lüßmann Dipl.-Ing. Jacob Neuhäuser Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Ottnad Dipl.-Ing. Jonas Pfeiffer Jelena Prša, M.Sc. (Hons) Samuel Reimer, M.Eng. Dipl.-Ing. Daniel Roppenecker Dipl.-Ing. Dominik Rumschöttel Marta Scali, M.Sc. Dipl.-Math. Johannes Schwaiger Dr.techn. Nikita Shevchenko Jiaxi Shi, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Mattias Träger Yan Zhao, M.Sc. Dr.-Ing. Adam Fiolka, M.S. (TUM), MRI, External Candidate Dr.-Ing. Florian Hurka, IND, External Candidate Dipl.-Ing. Erik Loewe, IND, External Candidate Technical Staff Gerhard Ribnitzky, Foreman Markus Wörl, Assistant Fabian Haimerl, Apprentice Markus Geltl, Apprentice Thomas Weiß-Vogtmann, Apprentice Michael Stanglmeir, Apprentice
Institute of Micro Technology and Medical Device Technology 145
Publications 2013-14 2014 n Abdul-Sater, K., Lueth, T.C., Irlinger, F. (2014): Computer Aided, Task-Based Kinematic Design of Linkages – A New Lecture for Engineering Students, in: Flores P. (Ed.), 5th European Conference on Mechanism Science (EUCOMES 2014), Mechanism and Machine Science. Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014, pp. 891–899. PDF n Abdul-Sater, K., Lueth, T.C., Irlinger, F. (2014): Kinematic Design of Miura-Ori-Based Folding Structures Using the Screw Axis of a Relative Displacement, in: Lenarčič, J., Khatib, O. (Eds.), Advances in Robot Kinematics. Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014, pp. 233-241. n Coy, J.A.; Mehrkens, J.H.; Roppenecker, D.B.; Lueth, T.C. (2014): Finding the Center of Parkinson’s Disease; A Novel Measurement Device for Quantifying Motor Symptoms During DBS-Surgery. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO 2014), December 5-10, Bali, Indonesia, pp. 1-6. PDF n D’Angelo, L.T., Kreutzer, J.F., Neuhaeuser, J., Reimer, S., Lueth, T.C. (2014): Personal Assistive Devices for Elderlies, in: Holzinger, A., Ziefle, M., Röcker, C. (Eds.), Pervasive Health, Human–Computer Interaction Series. Springer London, pp. 181210. n D’Angelo, L.T., Neuhaeuser, J., Zhao, Y., Lueth, T.C. (2014): SIMPLE-Use – Sensor Set for Wearable Movement and Interaction Research. IEEE Sensors Journal 14, 1207-1215. doi:10.1109/ JSEN.2013.2294351. n Entsfellner, K., Kuru, I., Maier, T., Gumprecht, J.D.J., Lueth, T.C. (2014): Document First 3D printed medical robot for ENT surgery – Application specific manufacturing of laser sintered disposable manipulators. IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, 6943166, pp. 4278-4283 n Entsfellner, K.; Kuru, I.; Maier, T.; Gumprecht, J. D. J.; Lueth, T. C. (2014). First 3D Printed Medical Robot for ENT Surgery – Application Specific Manufacturing of Laser Sintered Disposable Manipulators. In IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2014), Sept 14-18, 2014. Chicago, IL, USA. PDF n Goerlach, F.S., Lueddemann, T., Pfeiffer, J., Lueth, T.C. (2014): Detection of surface points with an 850nm laser and an NDI stereo camera. Proceed ings of the IEEE RAS and EMBS International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics, 6913863, pp. 719-725 n Goerlach, F.S.; Lueddemann,T.; Lüth, T.C. (2014): Neue Visualisierungsmethoden in der Chirurgie: Echtzeit Tumormarkierung verbessert die Therapie. Medizintechnik in Bayern, media Mind Verlag, pp. 1-4. PDF n Goerlach, F.S.; Lueddemann,T.; Pfeiffer, J.; Lüth, T.C. (2014): Accuracy of Surface Point Detection with an 850nm Laser and NDI Stereo Camera, Proceedings of the ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (IMECE 2014), November 14-20, 2014, Montreal, Canada, pp. 1-6. PDF n Goerlach, F.S.; Lueddemann, T.; Pfeiffer, J.; Lüth, T.C. (2014): Detection of Surface Points with an 850nm Laser and an NDI Stereo Camera, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics (BioRob 2014), August 12-15, 2014, Sao Paolo, Brazil, pp. 1-7. PDF
146
Institute of Micro Technology and Medical Device Technology
n Graf, E.C.; Roppenecker, D.B.; Tiemann, K.; Samper, V.D.; Lueth, T.C. (2014): Development of an Anatomic Heart Model for the Miminally-Invasive Closure of the Left Atrial Appendage, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO 2014), December 5-10, Bali, Indonesia, pp. 1-6. PDF n Kagerer, M.; Meeuw, A.; Berger, J.; Rumschoettel, D.; Lueth, T.C.; Irlinger, F. (2014): ‘Relevant Influencing Factors on Droplet Characteristics for a Piezoelectrically Driven Drop-On-Demand Printhead’, Proceedings of the ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (IMECE 2014), November 14-20, 2014, Montreal, Canada, pp. 1-10. PDF n Kamp, M., Abdul-Sater, K., Irlinger, F., Lueth, T.C. (2014): Auslegung und Aufbau einer sphärischen Parallel-Kinematik für Videoendoskope, 17. VDI Getriebetagung Bewegungstechnik, September 24-25, 2014, Nürtingen, pp. 249-261. PDF n Kreutzer, J.K.; Schmid, R.; Reimer, S.M.F.; Lueth, T.C.; D’Angelo, L.T. (2014): Radio Frequency Identification Based Detection of Filling Levels for Automated Monitoring of Fluid Intake, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO 2014), December 5-10, Bali, Indonesia, pp. 1-6. PDF n Kuru, Ismail; Müller, Mathias; Entsfellner, Konrad; Lenarz, Thomas; Maier, Hannes and Lueth, Tim C. (2014): A new human middle ear model for the biomechanical evaluation of the reconstructed ossicular chain with a middle ear prosthesis. 2014 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics, Bali, Indonesia, 5-10.12.2014, pp. 613-618. PDF n Lueddemann, T.; Schiebl, J.; Bebert, H.; Lueth, T.C. (2014). Dynamic Generation of Technical Documentation for Medical Devices. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO 2014), December 5-10, Bali, Indonesia, pp. 1-6. PDF n Neuhaeuser, J., Lueth, T.C., D’Angelo, L.T. (2014): Suitability of a common ZigBee radio module for interaction and ADL detection. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, LNICST, 131, pp. 576-587 n Neuhaeuser, J.; Gaensler, S.; Kreutzer, J.F., Reimer, S.M.F., Lueth, T.C.; D‘Angelo, L.T. (2014): Recording Proximity to Everyday Objects with a Radio Frequency Identification Logger while Performing Activities of Daily Living, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO 2014), December 5-10, Bali, Indonesia, pp. 1856-1861. PDF n Prša, J.; Irlinger, F.; Lüth, T.C. (2014): Algorithm for Detecting and Solving the Problem of Under-filled Pointed Ends Based on 3D Printing Plastic Droplet Generation, Proceedings of the ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (IMECE 2014), November 14-20, 2014, Montreal, Canada, pp. 1-10. PDF n Prša, J.; Mueller, J.; Irlinger, F.; Lüth, T.C. (2014): Evaluation of the Infill Algorithm for Trajectory Planning of Pointed Ends for Droplet-Generating 3D Printers, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO 2014), December 5-10, Bali, Indonesia, pp. 1-6. PDF
n Reimer, S.M.F.; Lueth, T.C.; D‘Angelo, L.T. (2014): Individualized Arm Shells Towards an Ergonomic Design of Exoskeleton Robots, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC 2014), October 5-8, San Diego, USA, pp. 4016-4023. PDF n Reimer, S.M.F.; Pfeiffer, W.L.; Kreutzer, J.F.; Lueth, T.C.; D’Angelo, L.T. (2014): Evaluation of Patient Transfer Assistance Systems for Nursing Personnel at a Residential Home for the Elderly, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO 2014), December 5-10, Bali, Indonesia, pp. 2098-2103. PDF n Roppenecker, D.B., Lucia Schuster, Johannes A.Coy, Mattias F. Traeger, Konrad Entsfellner & Lueth, T.C., 2014: Modular Body of the Multi Arm Snake-Like Robot n Rumschoettel, D.; Kagerer, M.; Irlinger, F.; Lueth, T.C. (2014): Compact Model for the Characterization of a Piezoelectric Bend-Mode Droplet Generator, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO 2014), December 5-10, Bali, Indonesia, pp. 1-6. PDF n Rumschoettel, D.; Kagerer, M.; Lueth, T.C.; Irlinger, F. (2014): ‘Compact Model for the Static and Dynamic Behavior of a Piecoelectric Bimorph Actuator for Microfluidic Mems’, Proceedings of the ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (IMECE 2014), November 14-20, 2014, Montreal, Canada, pp. 1-10. PDF n Traeger, M.F., Roppenecker, D.B., Coy, J., Fiolka, A., Wilhelm, D., Meining, A., Feussner, H. & Lueth, T.C., 2014. Forces in Minimally Invasive Surgery: Reliable Manipulation of Gastric Mucosa and the Sigmoid Colon. In IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO). Bali, Indonesia, pp. 1-6 (to be published). PDF n Traeger, M.F., Roppenecker, D.B., Jensen, B., Can, S., Knoll, A. & Lueth, T.C., 2014. Interdisciplinary concept of design, actuation, control and vision computing of a laser-sintered single-port robot. In 5th IEEE RAS/EMBS International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics. IEEE, pp. 52–57. PDF n Traeger, M.F., Roppenecker, D.B., Leininger, M.R., Schnoes, F. & Lueth, T.C., 2014. Design of a spine-inspired kinematic for the guidance of flexible instruments in minimally invasive surgery. In 2014 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems. IEEE, pp. 1322-1327. PDF n Traeger, M.F., Roppenecker, D.B., Leininger, M.R., Schnoes, F., Lueth, T.C. (2014): Design of a spine-inspired kinematic for the guidance of flexible instruments in minimally invasive surgery. IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, 14 (4), pp. 1207-1215
2013 n Abdul-Sater, K., Irlinger, F., Lueth, T.C. (2013): Four-Position Synthesis of Origami-Evolved, Spherically Constrained Planar RR Chains. Iftomm Interdisciplinary Applicaltions in Kinematics 2013. September 09-11, Lima, Peru, Springer, pp. 1-8, to be published. n Abdul-Sater, K., Irlinger, F., Lueth, T.C. (2013): Two-Configuration Synthesis of Origami-Guided Planar, Spherical and Spatial Revolute-Revolute Chains. ASME Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics, August, Vol. 5, 031005-1-031005-10. n Coy, J.A.; Kuball C.-M.; Roppenecker, D.B.; Lueth, T.C. (2013): Flexural Modulus of Lasersintered PA2200. ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition IMECE2013 , San Diego, CA USA, November 13-21, 2013, pp. IMECE2013-64696.
n Coy, J.A.; Miyashita, K.; Entsfellner, K.; Gumprecht, J.D.J.: Luth, T.C. (2013): First pullout strength measurements of threads produced by selective laser sintering. IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM), Wollongong, NSW, Australia, 9-12 July, pp. 1381-1386. n Dai, H., Otten, B., Mehrkens, J.H., D’Angelo, L.T., Lueth, T.C. (2013): A Novel Glove Monitoring System Used to Quantify Neurological Symptoms During Deep-Brain Stimulation Surgery. IEEE Sensors Journal 13, 3193-3202. n Dai, H.; D’Angelo, L.T. (2013): A portable system for quantitative assessment of parkinsonian bradykinesia during deep-brain stimulation surgery, in: 2013 2nd International Conference on Advances in Biomedical Engineering (ICABME). Presented at the 2013 2nd International Conference on Advances in Biomedical Engineering (ICABME), pp. 77-80. n Dai, H.; Otten, B.; Mehrkens, J.H.; D’Angelo, L.T. (2013): A portable system for quantitative assessment of parkinsonian rigidity, in: 2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). Presented at the 2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), pp. 6591-6594. n Entsfellner, K.; Tauber, R.; Roppenecker, D.B.; Gumprecht, J.D.J.; Strauss, G. & Lueth, T.C. (2013): Development of Universal Gripping Adapters: Sterile Coupling of Medical Devices and Robots Using Robotic Fingers. IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM), Wollongong, NSW, Australia, 9-12 July, pp. 1464-1469. n Gumprecht, J.D.J.; Geiger, F.B.; Stolzenburg, Jens-Uwe; Lueth, T.C. (2013): Flat-Panel Ultrasound Robot: A Novel Imaging Concept and a Novel Motorized Kinematics for an Ultrasound Probe during Laparoscopic Interventions. 2013 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), Tokyo, Japan, 3-7 November 2013, pp. 3564-3569. n Gumprecht, J.D.J.; Lueth, T.C.; Khamesee, Mir B. (2013): Navigation of a robotic capsule endoscope with a novel ultrasound tracking system. Microsystem Technologies, 19, Issue 9-10, pp. 1415-1423. n Kagerer, M.; Eiler, K. L.; Ottnad, T.; Irlinger, F.; Lueth, T.C. (2013): Mikrotropfenerzeuger Hergestellt mit Rapid Manufacturing Verfahren, Proceedings of the MikroSystemTechnik Kongress (MST Kongress), October 14-16, 2013, Aachen, Germany, pp. 345348. n Kagerer, M.; Heller, B.; Lueth, T. C.; Irlinger, F. (2013): ‘Optimization of the Electro-Mechanical Behaviour of a Bimorph Piezoelectric Actuator for Drop-On-Demand Techniques Based on Finite Element Method’, Proceedings of the ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (IMECE 2013), November 15-21, 2013, San Diego, USA, pp. 1-7. n Kagerer, M.; Huedig, M., Lueth, T. C.; Irlinger, F. (2013): ‘Manual Microassembly System with Integrated Squeegee Device for Homogenous and Defined Adhesive Layers for Bimorph Piezoelectric Actuators Using in Drop-on-Demand Techniques’, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO 2013), December 12-14, 2013, Shenzhen, China, pp. 1911-1917. n Kagerer, M.; Rumschoettel, D.; Ottnad, T.; Lueth, T. C.; Irlinger, F. (2013): ‘Fast Droplet Generation With a Printhead Manufactured with Rapid manufacturing Techniques Mounted on a Carrier Board’, Proceedings of the ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (IMECE 2013), November 15-21, 2013, San Diego, USA, pp. 1-8.
Institute of Micro Technology and Medical Device Technology 147
n Kreutzer, J.F.; Pfitzer, M.; D’Angelo, L.T. (2013): Accuracy of caring personnel in estimating water intake based on missing liquid in drinking vessels, in: 2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). Presented at the 2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), pp. 46824685. n Lueth, T.C.; Irlinger, F. (2013): Berechnete Erzeugung von dreidimensionalen Oberflächenmodellen im STL-Format aus der Beschreibung planarer Mechanismen für die Generative Fertigung durch Selektives-Lasersintern [Computational 3D Surface Generation of Planar Mechanismus using STL File Format for Generative Manufacturing by Selective Laser Sintering]. 10. Kolloquium Getriebetechnik, TU Ilmenau, Sept. 11-13, 2013, pp 267-284. n Meining, A.; Schneider, A.; Roppenecker, D.; Lueth, T.: A new instrument for endoscopic submucosal dissection (with videos). Gastrointestinal Endo scopy, 77(4): 654-657. n Neuhaeuser, J.; D’Angelo, L. (2013): Collecting and distributing wearable sensor data: An embedded personal area network to local area network gateway server, in: 2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). Presented at the 2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), pp. 4650-4653. n Neuhaeuser, J.; Lueth, T. C.; D’Angelo, L. T. (2013): Suitability of a common ZigBee radio module for interaction and ADL detection. 10th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Systems: Computing, Networking and Services, Tokio, Japan, 02-04.12.2013. n Ottnad, T.; Irlinger, F.; Lueth, T.C. (2013): Optical Analysis of Extrudate Swelling of Polymer Melts Using a High-Speed Camera. EUROTEC 2013, 04-05.07.2013, Lyon, France. n Ottnad, T.; Lüßmann, H.; Irlinger, F.; Lueth, T.C. (2013): Requirements and First Approach to Use an Extruder for Future Use Enabling Additive Manufacturing Techniques. 2013 ANTEC Conference, 22-24.04.2013., Cincinnati, USA. n Proceedings of the ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition (IMECE 2013), November 15-21, 2013, San Diego, USA. n Prša, J.; Schwaiger, J.; Irlinger, F.; Lueth, T.C. (2013): Dense 3D-Packing Algorithm for Filling the Offset Contours of a New Printing Process Based on 3D Plastic Droplet Generation, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO 2013), December 12-14, 2013, Shenzhen, China, pp. 74-78.
148
Institute of Micro Technology and Medical Device Technology
n Roppenecker, D.B., Grazek, R., Coy, J.A., Irlinger, F., Lueth, T.C. (2013): Friction Coefficients and Surface Properties for Lased Sintered Parts. In Proceed ings of the ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition IMECE2013 November 13-21, 2013, San Diego, California IMECE2013-64549. pp. 1-10. To be published. n Roppenecker, D.B., Pfaff, A., Coy, J.A. & Lueth, T.C. (2013): Multi Arm Snake-Like Robot Kinematics. In RSJ IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems November 3-8, Tokyo Big Sight, Japan. pp. 5040-5045. To be published. n Schwaiger, J.; Lueth, T.C.; Irlinger, F. (2013): G-Code Generation for a New Printing Process Based on 3D Plastic Polymer Droplet Generation, n Shevchenko, N., Gillen, S., Feußner, H, Lüth, T. C. (2013): Evaluation of CT-Based 3D-Printed Colon Models for Surgical Operation Planning, The 10th IASTED International Conference on Biomedical Engineering, BioMed 2013, February 13-15 2013, Innsbruck, Austria DOI: 10.2316/P.2013.791-105. n Strauss, G.; Schaller, S.; Gollnick, I.; Lüth, T.C. (2013): ‘Instrumentennavigation in der endonasalen Stirnhöhlenchirurgie: Gibt es eine Operation unter ‘reiner Navigationsführung?’’, Laryngo-Rhino-Otol 2013; 92(10): 655-662. n Traeger, Mattias F., Krieger, Yannick S. & Lueth, Tim C. (2013): Automated construction of gear racks, spur gears and helical gears using Matlab & STL files for rapid manufacturing. Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM), 2013 IEEE/ASME International Conference on, pp.1603-1608. n Zhao, Y.; Anhalt, F.; Fietzek, U.; D’Angelo, L. (2013): Multi-Cue Unit: An Independent Device and Actuator of a Wearable System for Gait-Support in Parkinson Patients. Presented at the IEEE COMCAS: Int’l Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas, and Electronic Systems, Tel Aviv, Israel, pp. 1-5. n Zhao, Y.; Ramesberger, S.; Fietzek, U.M.; D’Angelo, L.T.; Lueth, T.C. (2013): A novel wearable laser device to regulate stride length in Parkinson’s disease, in: 2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). Presented at the 2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), pp. 5895-5898.
Institute of Nuclear Engineering Nuclear engineering and nuclear safety
n The focus of the Institute of Nuclear Engineering in 2013-14 was on the development of experimental data and physical models for two-phase CFD codes applied to nuclear safety, the development of uncertainty methodologies in multi-physics and medical applications, the initiation of research lines on nuclear fuel behavior and on advanced molten salt reactor based concepts, and the development of a methodology for local stability analysis of nuclear reactors. Collaboration with research institutes (CERN, KIT, ITU, GRS) and university departments was strengthened in the areas of research of interest to the institute.
Highlights for 2013-14 were prizes for best poster in the international conferences NURETH-15 (S. Al Issa) and best paper in ICONE-22 (L. Holt).
Nuclear Reactor Safety Analysis Nuclear safety research is very important to support the safe operation of nuclear reactors. It mainly involves the development and use of methodologies and physical and mathematical models integrated in sophisticated computer programs, which can accurately simulate the behavior of nuclear systems under operation and off-operation conditions. At the Institute of Nuclear Engineering, this research is carried out through projects which focus on the development of methodologies and models for stateof-the-art computer codes capable of reproducing the thermal-hydraulic and neutronic behavior of current and future nuclear reactor designs.
Thermal-hydraulic (CFD) and neutronic (diffusion) coupled simulation of a PWR fuel assembly (1/4). (Figure generated with ANSYS-CFX by C. Peña)
The methodologies are applicable to full plant simulations, based on system analysis codes, or in-core local simulations, based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes. Their purpose
is the accurate simulation of physical processes of importance for the safety of the plant. The complete reactor dynamic behavior is analyzed by coupling these codes to codes that calculate the neutronic behavior of the reactor core. Statistically based uncertainty analysis methodologies are also used and developed at the Institute of Nuclear Engineering in order to quantify the reliability and accuracy of the results provided by the safety analyses.
Prof. Dr. Rafael Macián-Juan, Ph.D. Contact www.ntech.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.15621
Projects n CIWA – Condensation induced water hammer (BMBF) n Modeling of the behavior of steam turbines in NPPs (BMWi) n Simulation of loss of coolant accidents in PWRs (E.On) n Development of a PWR plant model for ATHLET (E.On) n Development and assessment of methodologies for the analysis of neutron oscillations in PWR fuel assemblies (BMWi) n THINS – Uncertainty analysis applied to liquid lead cooled reactors (EURATOM) n Development of a methodology for local BWR stability analysis (StMWFK) n Development of neutronic and thermalhydraulic model for the dual fluid reactor concept (Molten Salt coolant, E.On) n Model development for bubble formation and behavior with CFD codes (ANSYS-CFX and OpenFOAM, E.On) Institute of Nuclear Engineering
149
Experimental Two-Phase Flow Thermal-hydraulics the validation of modern Computational Fluid Dynamics codes. Two very important gas-liquid transport phenomena of safety implications in loss of coolant accidents (LOCA) have been analyzed, namely condensation of large bubbles under atmospheric pressure conditions and the interfacial friction during counter-current flow in a scaled model of a Konvoi-PWR.
Liquid flow retention at the entrance of a steam generator caused by gas-liquid countercurrent flow limitation. (Photo from COLLIDER by S. Al Issa)
The use of CFD codes is becoming more accepted in nuclear safety applications because of the detailed description of the flow in the core and in other plant components. However, CFD codes still need substantial improvements in the modelling of two-phase flows and of the associated mass and heat transfer processes, which are very important during accident and accident mitigation situations in determining the safety of the plant. The laboratory for experimental thermal hydraulics has been designed and built with the aim of producing detailed data for
Projects n SCUBA: Experimental Investigation of the condensation phenomena in large steam bubbles at atmospheric pressure (E.On) n COLLIDER – Experimental investigation of counter current flow in a scaled model of the hot leg of a Konvoi-PWR (E.On) n Experimental studies of condensation in the suppression pool of BWR reactors (with U. Politécnica de Madrid)
Medical Applications
Treatment plan of head. Dose distribution from photo-neutron and uncertainty determination. (Figure created by M. Frankl)
An important area of nuclear engineering is related to the development of medical applications for radiation. Radiodiagnostics and radiotherapy are modern tools at the disposal of medical professionals that allow more precise diagnostics of many illnesses, the research of metabolic activity and the palliative or curative treatment of a wide variety of tumors. Modern radiotherapy procedures make intensive
150
Institute of Nuclear Engineering
use of advanced computer programs to calculate dose distributions of photons, electrons and neutrons in treatment planning before the actual irradiation, so that doctors can better estimate the outcome of the therapy. Monte Carlo-based methods for particle transport are at the forefront of the most advanced therapy techniques. At the Institute, we develop methodologies based on these methods that can take into account the associated uncertainties and produce more accurate estimates of dose distributions. They can contribute to better treatment plans being delivered to patients. Projects n Development of a methodology for the quantification of the uncertainty in neu tron and photon dose calculation with Monte-Carlo based codes (StMWFK)
Fuel Behavior Analysis The neutronic, thermal and mechanical performance of nuclear fuel is fundamental for nuclear power reactors in order to safely and economically. Moreover, the behavior of the fuel during an accident can significantly impact on the severity of its progression. For these reasons, the analysis of fuel behavior is an important part of nuclear safety and of fuel design and operation. At the Institute of Nuclear Engineering we carry out research on the modeling of fuel and in the validation of computer codes that simulate its behavior under a wide range of operating and off-operating conditions. Experimental data provided by our collaborators in European research organizations are used to improve and develop mechanical and thermal models for uranium and thorium based fuels. These models are then implemented and tested in the code TRANSURANUS developed by the Institute for Transuranic Elements (ITU) in Karlsruhe. Another research line is focused on coupling this code with neutronic and thermal-hydraulic analysis
Neutron radiography of irradiated fuel elements. (Photo from A. Bianco, PhD. Thesis)
codes to create a multi-physics computational platform capable of performing very detailed neutronic, thermal and mechanical fuel performance analyses. Projects n Development of models for the prediction of thorium-based fuel (E.On) n Coupling of TRANSURANUS with DYN3D (E.On) n Experimental and analytical analysis of the performance of nuclear fuel under LOCA conditions (E.On)
Institute of Nuclear Engineering
151
Research Focus n Thermal-hydraulic and neutronic analysis of nuclear systems n Reactor dynamics n Nuclear fuel behavior n Experimental two-phase flow n Radiation transport and radiation protection n Medical applications of radiation n Uncertainty analysis
Management Prof. Dr. Rafael Macián-Juan, Director
Competence n Nuclear safety analysis n Two-phase flow experimental measurements n Radiation transport and radiation dosimetry calculations n Single and two-phase flow computa tional fluid dynamics n Nuclear reactor dynamics
Research Scientists Dr. rer. nat. Martin Ohlerich Dipl.-Ing. Suleiman Al Issa Dipl.-Ing. Sabin Ceuca Dipl.-Tech. Math. Matthias Frankl Dipl.-Ing. Stefano Gallo Dipl.-Ing. Dan-Ovidiu Melinte Dipl.-Ing. Clotaire Geffray Dipl.-Ing. Stefan Walser Jose Tijero, M.Sc. Xun He , M.Sc. Xiang Wang , M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Wanninger
Infrastructure n Thermal-hydraulic two-phase flow laboratory. n Computer laboratory with state-of-theart nuclear safety computer codes. n High perfomance computer cluster.
Adjunct Professors Prof. Dr. Antonino Cardella Dr. rer. nat. Marcus Seidl Administrative Staff Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Margitta Franke Petra Popp-Münich
Technical Staff Dipl.-Ing (FH) Jamel Rhouma Herbert Eppert
Courses n Introduction to Nuclear Energy n Fundamentals of Nuclear Engineering n Applications of Radiation to Medicine, Research and Industry n Fundamentals of Thermal-hydraulics in Nuclear Systems n Advanced and Future Nuclear Reactor Systems
Publications 2013-14 n Al Issa, S., Macian, R., Experimental investigation of countercurrent flow limitation (CCFL) in a large-diameter hot-leg pipe geometry: A detailed description of CCFL mechanisms, flow patterns and high-quality HSC imaging of the interfacial structure in a 1/3.9 scale of PWR geometry, Nuclear Engineering and Design (2014, in press). n Calleja, M., Jimenez, J., Sanchez, V., Imke, U., Stieglitz, R., Herrero, J.J., Macián, R., ‘Investigations of boron transport in a PWR core with COBAYA3/SUBCHANFLOW inside the NURESIM platform’, Annals of Nuclear Energy 66 (2014).
152
Institute of Nuclear Engineering
n Calleja, M., Jimenez, J., Imke, U., Stieglitz, R., Herrero, J.J., Macián, R., ‘Implementation of hybrid simulation schemes in COBAYA3/SUBCHANFLOW coupled codes for the efficient direct prediction of local safety parameters’, Annals of Nuclear Energy 70, 216-229 (2014). n Calleja, M., Sanchez, V., Jimenez, J., Herrero, J.J., Imke, U., Stieglitz, R., Macián, R., ‘Coup ling of COBAYA3/SUBCHANFLOW inside the NURESIM platform and validation using selected benchmarks’, Annals of Nuclear Energy 71, 145-158 (2014).
n Al Issa, S., Weisensee, P., Macián-Juan, R.,‘Experimental investigation of steam bubble condensation in vertical large diameter geometry under atmospheric pressure and different flow conditions’, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 70, 918-929 (2014). n Ceuca, C.S., Macián-Juan, R., ‘Development of a 1 D hybrid HTC model using CFD simulations for the analysis of direct contact condensation as the driving force for water hammers’, Kerntechnik 78 (1), 25-30 (2013). n Geffray, C. and Macian-Juan, R., ‘A Study of Differ ent Approaches for Multi-Scale Sensitivity Analysis of the TALL-3D Experiment Using Thermal-Hydraulic Computer Codes’, 10th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics, Operation and Safety (NUTHOS-10), December 14-18, 2014 Okinawa, Japan. Paper NUTHOS10-1052 (Accepted). n Geffray, C., Papukchiev, A, and Macian-Juan, R. ‘Multi-Scale Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis of the TALL-3D Experiment Using Thermal-Hydraulic Coupled Codes’, 10th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics, Operation and Safety (NUTHOS-10), December 14-18, 2014 Okinawa, Japan. Paper NUTHOS10-1103 (Accepted). n Al Issa, S., Macian R., Experimental investigation and CFD validation of countercurrent flow limitation (CCFL) in a large-diameter hot-leg PWR geometry, 10th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics, Operation and Safety (NUTHOS-10) December 14-18, 2014 Okinawa, Japan. Paper NUTHOS10-1211 (Accepted). n Al Issa, S., Macian R., Experimental Investigation and CFD validation of CCFL in large diameter hotleg geometry. CFD German Network Meeting, GRS, Garching, 19-20 March (2014) n Al Issa S., Weisensee P., Macián-Juan R., Experimental investigation of steam bubble condensation in flowing sub-cooled water, CFD German Network Meeting, GRS, Garching, 19-20 March (2014). n Geffray, C. and Macián-Juan, R., Multi-Scale Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis of the TALL 3D Facility with ATHLET – ANSYS CFX, CFD German Network Meeting, GRS, Garching, 19-20 March (2014). n Ceuca, S.C. and Macián-Juan, R., CFD-Simulation of Direct Contact Condensation as the Driving Force for Water Hammer, CFD German Network Meeting, GRS, Garching, 19-20 March (2014). n Yamoah, S., Martínez, R., Chiva, S. and MaciánJuan, R., Adiabatic two-phase flow modeling in vertical pipes using the homogeneous MUSIG model in ANSYS-CFX, CFD German Network Meeting, GRS, Garching, 19-20 March (2014) n Holt, L., Rhode, U., Seidl, M., Schubert, A., van Uffelen, P., Macián-Juan, R., Two-Way Coupling Between the Reactor Dynamics Code DYN3D and the Fuel Performance Code TRANSURANUS at Assembly Level, ICONE 22, Prague, Czech Rep., July (2014). n Geffray, C., Macián-Juan, R., Multi-Scale 2D-Sensitivity Analysis of the TALL-3D Experiment, ICONE 22, Prague, Czech Rep., July (2014). n Papukchiev,A., Lerch, G., Geffray, C., Macián-Juan, R., Jeltsov,M., Kööp, K., and Kudinov, P., Coupled 1D-3D Thermal-Hydraulic Simulations Of A Liquid Metal Experiment Supplemented By Uncertainty And Sensitivity Analysis, OECD/NEA & IAEA Workshop: ‘Application of CFD/CMFD Codes to Nuclear Reactor Safety and Design and their Experimental Validation’, Zürich, Switzerland, September (2014).
n Papukchiev, A., Jeltsov, M., Geffray, C., Kööp, K., Kudinov, P., Macián-Juan, R., and Lerchl, G., Prediction of Complex Thermal-Hydraulic Phenomena Supplemented by Uncertainty Analysis with Advanced Multi-scale Approaches for the TALL-3D T01 Experiment, Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management PSAM 12, Honolulu, Hawaii, June (2014). n Ciriac, F., Ceuca, S.C., and Macián-Juan, R., CFD Simulation of horizontal Flow Regimes with the OpenFOAM, 45th Jahrestagung Kerntechnik, May (2014). n Albrecht, R., Walser, S., Roshan, P., and MaciánJuan, R., Optimized Nodalization for the BWR Stability Analysis with TRACE/PARCS., 45th Jahrestagung Kerntechnik May (2014) n Wanninger, A., Seidl, M., and Macián-Juan, R., Understanding future Research Needs to better describe Fuel Assembly Bow in PWRs, 45th Jahrestagung Kerntechnik May (2014). n Holt, L., Rhode, U., ,Seidl, M., Schubert, A., van Uffelen, P., ,Macián-Juan, R., Getting the Details of Fuel Rod Simulation in Reactor Safety Analysis right: performmance of the coupling DYN3D Transuranus for RIA, 45th Jahrestagung Kerntechnik May (2014). n Dibon, M., Baldzuhn, J., Beck, M., Cardella, A., Köchl, F., Kocsis, G., Lang, P., Macián-Juan, R., Plöckl, B., Szepesi, T., and Weisbart, W., Blower Gun pellet injection system for W7-X, DPG Conference, Berlin, March 17-21 (2014). n Ceuca, S.C., Macián-Juan, R., Validation of a hybrid surface renewaltheory based HTC model for the simulation of condensation induced water hammer, International Conference on Nuclear Engineering, ICONE21 July 29-August 2, Chengdu, China (2013). n Al Issa, S., Macian R., Experimental investigation of CCFL in large diameter hot-leg geometry, Proceedings of the 21th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering ICONE21 July 29-August 2, Chengdu, China (2013). n Al Issa S., Weisensee P., Experimental investigation of steam bubble condensation in flowing sub-cooled water with two different injection nozzle geometries, Proceedings of the 21th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering ICONE21 July 29-August 2, Chengdu, China (2013). n Al Issa, S., Moreno-Prosper, M., Developing a procedure for calculation of bubble parameters, diameter, velocity, aspect ratio and path depending upon shadowgraph technique and high speed camera recordings for multiple bubbles and diluted bubbly flows, Proceedings of the 15th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor ThermalHydraulics, NURETH-15, Pisa, Italy, May 12-17, (2013). n Al Issa, S., Weisensee P., Experimental investigation of steam bubble condensation in flowing sub-cooled water in vertical large diameter geometry under atmospheric pressure, Proceedings of the 15th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal-Hydraulics, NURETH-15, Pisa, Italy, May 12-17 (2013). n Ceuca, C.S and Macian-Juan, R., Benchmark of Surface Renewal Theory based Heat Transfer Coefficient for the Simulation of Direct Contact Condensation in Pipes using the 1D and 3D Approach, Proceedings of the 15th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal-Hydraulics, NURETH-15, Pisa, Italy, May 12-17 (2013).
Institute of Nuclear Engineering
153
Plasma Material Interaction Group Properties and optimisation of materials facing high temperature plasmas and heat loads
n The focus of the Plasma Material Interaction Group in 2013-14 was to study the PWI processes – erosion, material mixing with other plasma constituents and hydrogen retention.
divertor section
about 7 m
Prof. Dr. Rudolf Neu Contact www.pmw.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.3299.1899
transfer section
target exchange box and front-end drive
Divertor manipulator system for the testing of plasma facing components in the Tokamak ASDEX Upgrade
A highlight was the commissioning of the Divertor Manipulator II in in the fusion experiment ASDEX Upgrade. The new manipulator system is the first of its kind, which allows exposure of full-size target plate samples and sample exchange in between experiment days, by means of an airlock system without breaking the vacuum vessel. It also includes an active tile cooling system, allowing dedicated tests of target concepts under reactor rele vant thermal load conditions and realistic magnetic field geometry. Besides being erosion resistant, the armour materials of the plasma facing
components must withstand severe thermal and mechanical loads. In order to understand and to test material properties, a variety of preparation methods for coatings and thin alloy films are used, as well as a comprehensive set of techniques for physical, chemical and mechanical characterization and modelling. Moreover, high heat flux tests at relevant power loads on mock-ups as well as on complete actively cooled components were performed in the ion beam test facility GLADIS operated by the group.
Erosion and Retention Investigations in the High Heat Flux Facility GLADIS
Electron-microscopic image of a W surface originally polished after testing in GLADIS at surface temperatures reaching up to 2000° C.
In fusion reactors tungsten will presumably be employed as protective material for plasma-facing components. Specifically, the divertor components are exposed to the strong impact of plasma particles – hydrogen and in a power plant also the fusion product helium – and correspond ingly to a high thermal load. Such loads 154
Plasma Material Interaction Group
of heat and particles can be generated in IPP’s facility GLADIS (Garching Large Divertor Sample Test Facility). Tungsten components can be exposed to particle and heat fluxes of up to 40 MW/ m². Admixture of a few per cent helium to the hydrogen already causes the formation of complex structures on the surfaces of the components, which can influence their wear behaviour and therefore their lifetime. The investigations comprise specifically the near-surface morphology, the erosion behaviour, and the amount of hydrogen and helium atoms retained in the material. Various tungsten materials and alloys are being investigated with GLADIS. The inventory of hydrogen retained in the material after loading can be determined in IPP’s tandem accelerator laboratory.
Since the temperature-dependent outgas sing of hydrogen can be well described by computer models developed at IPP, the experimental results can be integrated into predictions of the hydrogen isotope balance of future power plants. One of the objectives is modelling of structural
changes and erosion to obtain a better estimate of divertor component lifetimes. Projects n Supported by EFDA (2013) and EUROfusion (2014)
Making Brittle Material Pseudo-ductile: Tungsten-fibre-reinforced Tungsten Its combination of unique properties makes tungsten a promising candidate for use on directly plasma-facing components in a future fusion power plant. However, its inherent brittleness and corresponding lack of damage tolerance considerably limit its use. A possible approach to a solution is to incorporate in the material structures with local stress redistribution, thus prod ucing a kind of toughness, viz. increased resistance to failure. This externally introduced, enhanced toughness or ‘pseudo-ductility’ can be achieved by, for instance, incorporating embedded fibres which can bridge or deflect cracks, or pla stically deform. Ceramic fibre-reinforced ceramics are an example of successful implementation of this concept. In the research group this idea was applied to tungsten. The metal is rein forced with coated long fibres from drawn tungsten wires. Samples of the new material have already been produced on a laboratory scale. Tomographic inves tigations with high-energy synchrotron radiation demonstrated that the mech
Cross-section of WfW composite: The circular structures with diametres of about 150 µm are cross-sections of the tungsten fibres.
anisms of toughness increase work in principle, and that the stability to embrit tlement increases indeed. Bending tests on larger samples showed stable crack propagation, doubling of the load-bea ring capability, and therefore doubling of the toughness. The results of these investigations showed that the idea of tungsten-fibre reinforcement of tungsten is basically applicable (‘proof of principle’). Projects n Supported by EFDA (2013) and EUROfusion (2014)
Plasma Material Interaction Group
155
Research Focus n Detailed understanding of complex interaction processes between plasma and material n Development of novel materials with improved properties n Integration of new materials into plasma-facing components
Courses n Plasma Physics for Engineers n Plasma Material Interaction
Competence n Measurement and modelling of erosion, surface composition and hydrogen retention of materials n Thermo-mechanical analysis of high heat flux components
Management Prof. Dr. Rudolf Neu
Infrastructure n Accelerator for surface analysis n High heat flux ion beam test stand n Manipulator in the fusion device ASDEX Upgrade n Scanning electron microscopy n Focused ion beam n Confocal laser microscope n Magnetron sputter devices n Vacuum ovens for thermal desorption
Research Group at: Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik funded by MPG/HGF and supported by EFDA/EUROfusion
Research Scientists (MPI für Plasmaphysik) Dr. Martin Balden Dipl.-Ing. Stefan Elgeti Dipl.-Ing. Henri Greuner Dipl.-Phys. (FH) Till Höschen Dipl.-Chem. Freimut Koch Dr. Karl Krieger Dr. Hans Maier Dipl.-Ing. Alexander von Müller Dr. Johann Riesch Dr. Volker Rohde apl. Prof. Dr. Jeong-Ha You Technical Staff Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Bernd Böswirth Gabriele Matern
156
Plasma Material Interaction Group
Publications 2013-14 n J. W. Coenen, K. Krieger, B. Lipschultz, T. Lunt, R. Dux, et al., ‘Evolution of surface melt damage, its influence on plasma performance and prospects of recovery’, Journ. Nucl. Mater. 438 (2013) S27 n A. Hakola, S. Koivuranta, J. Likonen, M. Groth, T. Kurki-Suonio, et al., ‘Global migration of 13C in high-density L-mode plasmas at ASDEX Upgrade’, Journ. Nucl. Mater. 438 (2013) S694 n P. Petersson, M. Rubel, A. Hakola, G. Possnert, K. Krieger, et al., ‘Development and Results of Tracer Techniques with Nitrogen-15’, Journ. Nucl. Mater. 438 (2013) S616 n Z. Yang, K. Krieger, T. Lunt, R. Dux, A. Janzer, et al., ‘3D Trajectories Reconstruction of Tungsten Droplets during Controlled Tungsten Melting in ASDEX Upgrade’, Journ. Nucl. Mater. 438 (2013) S846 n M. Laux, P. Siemroth, M. Marx, R. Neu, V. Rohde, et al., ‘Laboratory Investigations on Arcing of W-coated Graphite Components’, Journ. Nucl. Mater. 438 (2013) S758 n G.J. van Rooij, J.W. Coenen, S. Brezinsek, M. Clever, R. Dux, et al., ‘Tungsten divertor erosion in all metal devices: lessons from the ITER-like wall of JET and the all tungsten ASDEX Upgrade’, Journ. Nucl. Mater. 438 (2013) S42 n M. Oberkofler, D. Douai, T. Dittmar, E. Joffrin, S. Brezinsek, et al., ‘First Nitrogen-seeding Experi ments in JET with the ITER-like Wall’, Journ. Nucl. Mater. 438 (2013) S258 n R. Neu, A. Kallenbach, M. Balden, V. Bobkov, J.W. Coenen, et al., ‘Overview over plasma ope ration with full tungsten wall in ASDEX Upgrade’, Journ. Nucl. Mater. 438 (2013) S34 n Vl. Bobkov, G. Arnoux, S. Brezinsek, J.W. Coenen, L. Colas, et al., ‘ICRF specific plasma wall interac tions in JET with the ITER-like wall’, Journ. Nucl. Mater. 438 (2013) S160 n R. Neu, G. Arnoux, M. Beurskens, V. Bobkov, S. Brezinsek, et al., ‘First Operation with the JET ITER-Like Wall’, Phys. Plasmas 20 (2013) 056111 n G. Tardini, C. Höhbauer, R. Fischer, R. Neu, ASDEX Upgrade Team, ‘Simulation of the neutron produc tion in ASDEX Upgrade H-mode discharges’, Nucl. Fusion 53 (2013) 063027 n C. Giroud, G P. Maddison, S Jachmich, F Rimini, M.N.A. Beurskens, et al., ‘Impact of nitrogen seeding on confinement and power load control of high triangularity JET ELMy H-mode plasma with a metal wall’, Nucl. Fusion 53 (2013) 113025 n J.W. Coenen, S. Brezinsek, M. Clever, I. Coffey, R. Dux, et al., ‘Evolution of Impurity Sources, Composition and Transient Impurity Events with the ITER-like Wall at JET’, Nucl. Fusion 53 (2013) 073043 n S. Brezinsek, T. Loarer, V. Philipps, H.G Esser, S. Grünhagen, et al., ‘Fuel Retention Studies with the ITER-like Wall in JET’, Nucl. Fusion 53 (2013) 083023 n U. Stroth, J. Adamek, L. Aho-Mantila, S. Äkäslom polo, C. Amdor, et al., ‘Overview of ASDEX Upgrade Results’, Nucl. Fusion 53 (2013) 104003 n P.T. Lang, D. Frigione, A. Geraud, T. Alarcon, P. Ben nett, et al., ‘ELM pacing and trigger investigations at JET with the new ITER-like wall’, Nucl. Fusion 53 (2013) 073010 n V. Bobkov, M. Balden, R. Bilato, F. Braun, R. Dux, et al., ‘ICRF operation with improved antennas in a full W-wall ASDEX Upgrade, status and developments’,
Nucl. Fusion 53 (2013) 093018 n F. Romanelli, I. Abel, V. Afanesyev, M. Aftanas, G. Agarici, et al., ‘Overview of the JET results with the ITER-like wall’, Nucl. Fusion 53 (2013) 104002 n T. Pütterich, R. Dux, R. Neu, M. Bernert, M.N.A. Beurskens, et al., ‘Observations on the W-transport in the core plasma of JET and ASDEX Upgrade’, Plasma Physics Controlled Fusion 55 (2013) 124036 n A. Hakola, M.I. Airila, C. Björkas, D. Borodin, S. Brezinsek, et al., ‘Global migration of impurities in tokamaks’, Plasma Physics Controlled Fusion 55 (2013) 124029 n M.N.A. Beurskens, J. Schweinzer, C. Angioni, A. Burckhart, C. D. Challis, et al., ‘The Effect of a Metal Wall on Confinement in JET and ASDEX Upgrade’, Plasma Physics Controlled Fusion 55 (2013) 124043 n E. Joffrin, M. Baruzzo, M. Beurskens, C. Bourdelle, S. Brezinsek, et al., ‘Scenario development at JET with the new ITER-like wall’, Nucl. Fusion 54 (2014) 013011 n A. Hakola, J. Karhunen, S. Koivuranta, J. Likonen, M. Balden, et al., ‘Long-term erosion of plasmafacing materials with different surface roughness in ASDEX Upgrade’, Physica Scripta T159 (2014) 014027 n K. Sugiyama, M. Mayer, A. Herrmann, K. Krieger, V. Rohde, et al., ‘Deuterium retention in tungsten used in ASDEX Upgrade: comparison of tokamak and laboratory studies’, Physica Scripta T159 (2014) 014043 n P. Petersson, M. Rubel, G. Possnert, S. Brezin sek, A. Kreter, et al., ‘Overview of Nitrogen-15 application as a tracer gas for material migration and retention studies in tokamaks’, Physica Scripta T159 (2014) 014042 n M.-L. Mayoral, V. Bobkov, A. Czarnecka, I. Day, A. Ekedahl, et al., ‘On the challenge of plasma heating with the JET metallic wall’, Nucl. Fusion 54 (2014) 033002 n G.P. Maddison, C. Giroud, B. Alper, G. Arnoux, I. Balboa, et al., ‘Contrasting H-mode behaviour with deuterium fuelling and nitrogen seeding in the all-carbon and metallic versions of JET’, Nucl. Fusion 54 (2014) 073016 n R. Neu, S. Brezinsek, M. Beurskens, V. Bobkov, P. de Vries, et al., ‘Experiences with Tungsten Plasma Facing Components in ASDEX Upgrade and JET’, IEEE Transaction on Plasma Science 42 (2014) 552 n M.N.A. Beurskens, L. Frassinetti, C. Challis, C. Giroud, S. Saarelma, et al., ‘Global and pedestal confinement in JET with a Be/W metallic wall’, Nucl. Fusion 54 (2014) 043001 n M. Balden, N. Endstrasser, V. Rohde, T. Lunt, F. Brochard, et al., ‘Dust Particle Classification and Video Tracking from Full Tungsten ASDEX Upgrade’, Nucl. Fusion 54 (2014) 073010 n R. Wenninger, M. Bernert, T. Eich, E. Fable, G. Federici, et al., ‘DEMO divertor limitations during and in between ELMs’, Nucl. Fusion 54 (2014) 114003 n P. Devynck, C. Giroud, P. Jacquet, M. Lehnen, E. Lerche, et al., ‘The scaling of radiated power in the bulk plasma of JET’, Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 56 (2014) 075026
Plasma Material Interaction Group
157
Thermo-Fluid Dynamics Group Modelling and simulation of thermo-fluid dynamic phenomena in energy and process technology
n Focus of the Thermo-Fluid Dynamics group in 2013-14 was the analysis and quantitative characterization of flow-flame-acoustic interactions in combustion dynamics.
Prof. Wolfgang Polifke, Ph.D.
Highlights n Organized international Summer School & Workshop ‘n3l-– Non-normal and nonlinear effects in aero- and thermo acoustics’ in June 2013 with 60 participants from 15 countries, see http://www.tfd.mw.tum.de/n3l n Prof. Arun Tangirla (IIT Madras, Indien) visted as guest professor
n Participation in the 2014 Summer Programm of the Center for Turbulence Resarch at Stanford University with two projects on identification of combustion noise and intrinsic thermo-acoustic feedback
Contact www.tfd.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.16216 +49.89.289.16217
Flow-Flame-Acoustic Interactions in Combustion Dynamics Autoignition, heat release and highfrequency combustion dynamics at elevated pressures and temperatures was investigated in several PhD research projects, funded by Alstom Power and the research initiative KW21. Mathieu Zellhuber received the SIEMENS Energy Award 2014 for his dissertation ‘High Frequency Response of AutoIgnition and Heat Release to Acoustic Perturbations’
Distribution of intensity and relative phase of fluctuations of heat release rate of a high-frequency, tangential mode in a combustion chamber
Projects n Alstom Twin, KW21 BY 13 GV, AG Turbo COOREFLEX-turbo 2.1.2,
Structure of the intrinsic feedback loop with character istic wave amplitudes f,g, flow velocity u, flame transfer function F and heat release rate ˙Q
An intrinsic feedback mechanism be tween convective flow perturbations, heat release by the flame and acoustic waves generated by fluctuations in heat release rate was discovered. This is – as a reviewer of one of our publications remarked – ‘a textbook changer’. Implications of intrinsic feedback for combustion noise, interpretation of empirical data and combustor design principles are under way. Projects n DFG Po 710/12, TUM-IAS Hans Fischer Fellowship
158
Thermo-Fluid Dynamics Group
Research Focus n Combustion dynamics n Thermo- and aero-acoustics n Stability analysis n Mixing and reaction in turbulent flows n Polydisperse multi-phase flows.
Management Prof. Wolfgang Polifke, Ph. D.
Competence n Thermo-fluid dynamics n Combustion modelling n Large eddy simulation n System identification n Stability analysis n Low-order acoustic modelling
Research Scientists Alp Albayrak, M.Sc. Alexander Avdonin, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Ralf Blumenthal Dipl.-Ing. Sebastian Bomberg Dipl.-Ing. Alejandro Cardenas Miranda Fredéric Collonval, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Patrick Dems Kilian Förner, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Stefan Jaensch Joohwa Sarah Lee, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Moritz Schulze Camilo Silva, Ph.D. Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Steinbacher Lin Strobio Chen, M.Sc. Ahtsham Ulhaq, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Armin Witte Dipl.-Ing. Mathieu Zellhuber
Infrastructure n Compute cluster Courses n Engineering Thermodynamics n Wärmetransportphänomene n Wärme- und Stoffübertragung n Grundlagen der Mehrphasenströmung n Numerische Thermofluiddynamik I n Numerical Thermofluiddynamics II n Computational Thermo-Fluid Dynamics with Opensource Tools
Administrative Staff Helga Bassett Dipl.Ing. (FH) Sigrid Schulz-Reichwald
Publications 2013-14 n Albayrak, A.; Ulhaq, A.; Blumenthal, R. S. & Polifke, W. (2014), Analytical derivation of laminar premixed flame impulse response to equivalence ratio perturbations, in ‘21st International Congress on Sound and Vibration (ICSV21)’. n Blumenthal, R. S.; Subramanian, P.; Sujith, R. & Polifke, W. (2013), ‘Novel Perspectives on the Dynamics of Premixed Flames’, Combustion and Flame 160(7), 1215-1224. n Blumenthal, R. S.; Subramanian, P.; Sujith, R. & Polifke, W. (2013), A Time Domain Perspective an the Response of Premixed Flames to Flow Perturbations, in ‘EUROMECH Colloquium 546 – Combustion Dynamics and Combustion Noise’. n Blumenthal, R. S.; Tangirala, A. K.; Sujith, R. & Polifke, W. (2014), ‘Energy Norms and Transient Growth in Thermoacoustics’, submitted to Int. J. Spray Combust. Dyn.. n Blumenthal, R. S.; Tangirala, A. K.; Sujith, R. & Polifke, W. (2013), A Contribution to the Discussion on Thermoacoustic Energy from a Systemic Perspective, in ‘n3l Workshop on Non-Normal and Nonlinear Effects in Aero- and Thermoacoustics’. n Bollweg, P. & Polifke, W. (2013), ‘Transient twophase boundary layer modeling for hollow cone sprays’, Int. J. of Multiphase Flow 52, 1–12. n Bomberg, S.; Emmert, T. & Polifke, W. (2014), Thermal Versus Acoustic Response of Velocity Sensitive Premixed Flames, in ‘35th International Symposium on Combustion’.
n Cárdenas Miranda, A. & Polifke, W. (2013), On the Reflection, Transmission, Coupling and Damping of Non-Plane Acoustic Modes by Resonator Rings, in ‘5th European Conference for Aeronautics and Space Sciences’. n Cárdenas Miranda, A. & Polifke, W. (2014), ‘Combustion Stability Analysis of Rocket Engines with Resonators Based on Nyquist Plots’, Journal of Propulsion and Power 30(4), 962-977. n Collonval, F. & Polifke, W. (2014), Modelling the Formation of Oxides of Nitrogen in Premix Combustion by Extending Tabulated Chemistry with Algebraic Relations, in ‘Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2014’. n Courtine, E.; Selle, L.; Nicoud, F.; Polifke, W.; Silva, C.; Bauerheim, M. & Poinsot, T. (2014), Causality and intrinsic thermoacoustic instability modes, in ‘Proceedings of the 2014 Summer Program’. n Dems, P. & Polifke, W. (2013), BY 14 GV: Flammendynamik bei der Verbrennung von Flüssigbrennstoffen, in T. Sattelmayer & M. Aigner, ed., ‘Abschlussbericht Forschungsinitiative ‘Kraftwerke des 21. Jahrhunderts (KW21)’’, pp. 770-791. n Emmert, T.; Bomberg, S. & Polifke, W. (2014), Flame-Intrinsic and Acoustic Modes of a Premix Combustor, in ‘EFMC10 – 10th European Fluid Mechanics Conference’.
Thermo-Fluid Dynamics Group
159
n Emmert, T.; Jaensch, S.; Sovardi, C. & Polifke, W. (2014), taX-– a Flexible Tool for Low-Order Duct Acoustic Simulation in Time and Frequency Domain, in ‘7th Forum Acusticum’. n Emmert, T.; Jaensch, S.; Sovardi, C. & Polifke, W. (2014), taX-– a Flexible Tool for Low-Order Duct Acoustic Simulation in Time and Frequency Domain, in ‘DEGA Workshop Fahrzeugakustik/ Strömungsakustik’. n Föller, S.; Selimefendigil, F. & Polifke, W. (2013), ‘The linear response of heat transfer from a cylinder in cross flow to velocity fluctuations’, submitted to Heat and Mass Transfer. n Förner, K.; Cárdenas Miranda, A. & Polifke, W. (2013), Mapping the Influence of Acoustic Resonators on Rocket Engine Combustion Stability, in N. A. Adams; R. Radespiel; T. Sattelmayer; W. Schröder & B. Weigand, ed., ‘Annual Report’, Sonderforschungsbereich/Transregio 40, pp. 33-45. n Hassabou, A. H.; Spinnler, M. & Polifke, W. (2014), ‘The Role Of Conductive Packing In Direct Contact Heat Exchangers In Humidification-Dehumidification Cycles-– Part I: Experimental Analysis’, submitted to Desalination. n Hassabou, A. H.; Spinnler, M. & Polifke, W. (2014), Thermodynamic analysis of heat and mass transport phenomina in phase change regenerators with conductive packing, in ‘Qatar Foundation Annual Research Conference’. n Hassabou, A. H.; Spinnler, M. & Polifke, W. (2013), ‘Tecnoeconomic Analysis of Medium and Large-sacle Desalination Plants Driven by Concentrated Solar Systems in the Mena Region’, Energy Procedia 42(0), 735-744. n Holzinger, T.; Emmert, T. & Polifke, W. (2014), ‘Optimizing thermoacoustic regenerators for maximum amplification of acoustic power’, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 136(5), 2432–2440. n Jaensch, S.; Emmert, T. & Polifke, W. (2014), A Grey-Box Identification Approach for Thermo acoustic Network Models, in ‘Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2014’. n Jaensch, S.; Emmert, T.; Sovardi, C. & Polifke, W. (2014), Identification of Flame Transfer Functions in the Presence of Intrinsic Feedback and Noise, in ‘EFMC10 – 10th European Fluid Mechanics Conference’. n Jaensch, S. & Polifke, W. (2014), CFD-basierte, niedrigdimensionale Modellierung der nichtlinearen Dynamik von Vormischflammen, in ‘Informations tagung Turbomaschinen’. n Jasor, G.; Wacker, U.; Beheng, K. D. & Polifke, W. (2014), ‘Modeling artifacts in the simulation of the sedimentation of raindrops with a quadrature method of moments’, Meteorologische Zeitschrift 23(4), 369-385. n Karban, U.; Ogus, G.; Kucukcoskun, K.; Schram, C.; Sovardi, C. & Polifke, W. (2014), Noise Produced by a Tandem Diaphragm: Experimental and Numerical Investigations, in ‘20th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference’. n Kulkarni, R.; Bunkute, B.; Biagioli, F.; Düsing, M. & Polifke, W. (2014), Large Eddy Simulation of ALSTOM’s Reheat Combustor using Tabulated Chemistry and Stochastic Fields Combustion Model, in ‘Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2014’. n Kulkarni, R.; Zellhuber, M. & Polifke, W. (2013), ‘LES based Investigation of Autoignition in Turbulent Co-Flow Configurations’, Combustion Theory and Modelling 17(2), 224-259. n Kulkarni, R.; Zellhuber, M. & Polifke, W. (2013), ‘A Model for Auto-Ignition and Heat Release in Turbulent Flows and its Application to Thermoacoustic Analysis’, Ercoftac Bulletin 96, 29–34.
160
Thermo-Fluid Dynamics Group
n Lacombe, R.; Föller, S.; Jasor, G.; Polifke, W.; Aurégan, Y. & Moussou, P. (2013), ‘Identification of Aero-Acoustic Scattering Matrices from Large Eddy Simulation: Application to Whistling Orifices in Duct’, J. Sound Vibration 332(20), 5059-5067. n Lee, J. S. & Polifke, W. (2014), Untersuchung von Geräuschquellen im Fahrzeug-Kältekreislauf, in ‘DEGA Workshop Fahrzeugakustik/Strömungs akustik – Stuttgart’. n Müller, R. A. J.; Hermann, J. & Polifke, W. (2014), ‘Control authority over a combustion instability investigated in CFD’, submitted to Int. J. Spray Combust. Dyn.. n Müller, R. A. J.; Temmler, C.; Widhopf-Fenk, R.; Hermann, J.; Polifke, W. & Stopford, P. (2013), CFD-based feasibility study of active control on a combustion instability, in ‘20th International Congress on Sound and Vibration (ICSV20)’. n Mondal, S.; Mukhopadhyay, A.; Sen, S. & Polifke, W. (2014), Characterization of Mixing and Flow Properties From Numerical Simulation of Cold Flow in Non-Premixed Combustor, in ‘Proceedings of ASME 2014 Gas Turbine India Conference’. n Mukhopadhyay, A.; Carneiro, J.; Jasor, G. & Polifke, W. (2014), ‘A Comparative Assessment of Presumed Function and Quadrature Methods of Moments with Size-Dependent Particle Velocities for Simulation of Polydisperse Flows’, submitted to Applied Math. Modelling (APM-D-13-02490). n Polifke, W. (2014), ‘Black-box system identification for reduced order model construction’, Annals of Nuclear Energy 67C(0), 109-128. n Polifke, W. (2014), Microphone Measurements in (Thermo-)Acoustics, in ‘TANGO Workshop ‘Experimental Methods in Thermoacoustics’’. n Polifke, W. (2014), Applications of System Identification in Aero- and Thermoacoustics, in ‘FlowAirs Workshop ‘System Identification’’. n Polifke, W. (2014), ‘IJSCD Special Issues – Editorial’, Int. J. Spray Comb. Dynamics 6(3), i-iii. n Polifke, W. (2013), Tackling Combustor Design Problems with Large Eddy Simulation of Reacting Flows, in ‘MUSAF II Colloquium’. n Polifke, W. (2013), Black-Box System Identifikation für die Erstellung reduzierter Modelle, in ‘Garchinger Seminare’. n Ramdane, M. Z. D.; Holzinger, T. & Polifke, W. (2014), ‘Validation of CFD Simulation of a Thermo acoustic Device’ n Ramdane, M. Z. D.; Holzinger, T. & Polifke, W. (2013), Validation of CFD Simulation of a Thermo acoustic Device, in ‘AIA-DAGA 2013 Conference on Acoustics’. n Rouwenhorst, D.; Hermann, J. & Polifke, W. (2014), On the Performance of Stability Margin Measures for Thermoacoustic Instabilities In Turbulent Combustion Systems, in ‘21st International Congress on Sound and Vibration (ICSV21)’. n Schmid, M.; Blumenthal, R.; Schulze, M.; Polifke, W. & Sattelmayer, T. (2013), Quantitative Stability Analysis Using Real Frequency Response Data, in ‘Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2013’. n Schmid, M.; Blumenthal, R.; Schulze, M.; Polifke, W. & Sattelmayer, T. (2013), ‘Quantitative Stability Analysis Using Real Frequency Response Data’, J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power 135(12), 121601. n Selimefendigil, F. & Polifke, W. (2014), ‘A nonlinear, proper-orthogonal-decomposition-based model of forced convection heat transfer in pulsating flow’, AIAA Journal 52(1), 131-145. n Silva, C. F.; Emmert, T.; Jaensch, S. & Polifke, W. (2014), ‘Numerical study on intrinsic thermoacoustic instability of a laminar premixed flame’, submitted to Combustion and Flame.
n Silva, C. F.; Föller, S.; Emmert, T.; Ulhaq, A. & Polifke, W. (2013), Signal Generation and its Influence on the Concurrent Identification of Flame Transfer Function and Combustion Noise, in ‘EUROMECH Colloquium 546 – Combustion Dynamics and Combustion Noise’. n Silva, C. F.; Polifke, W.; O’Brian, J. & Ihme, M. (2014), Towards concurrent identification of flame dynamics and combustion noise of enclosed flames, in ‘Proceedings of the 2014 Summer Program’. n Sovardi, C.; Jaensch, S.; Förner, K.; Selimefendigil, F. & Polifke, W. (2013), Parametric vs. Nonparametric Identification of Nonlinear Acoustic Scattering at Duct Discontinuities based on LES Data, in ‘Sonderforschungsbereich/Transregio 40 – Summer Program Report 2013’. n Sovardi, C.; Jaensch, S.; Silva, C. F. & Polifke, W. (2014), Identification of Sound Sources in Internal Ducted Flows: A Large Eddy Simulation – System Identification Approach., in ‘21st International Congress on Sound and Vibration (ICSV21)’. n Sovardi, C. & Polifke, W. (2014), Identification of sound sources in internal non-reactive turbulent flows: a LES-SI-DMD approach, in ‘19. DGLR-Fach-Symposium der STAB’. n Sovardi, C. & Polifke, W. (2013), Identification of sound sources in internal non-reactive turbulent flows, in ‘DGLR/DEGA X-Noise Workshop Strömungsakustik’. n Strobio-Chen, L.; Bomberg, S. & Polifke, W. (2014), On the Jump Conditions for Flow Perturbations Across a Moving Heat Source, in ‘21st International Congress on Sound and Vibration (ICSV21)’.
n Wo-Chong, L. T. & Polifke, W. (2013), ‘Large Eddy Simulation-Based Study of the Influence of Thermal Boundary Condition and Combustor Confinement on Premix Flame Transfer Functions’, J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power 135(2), 021502. n Zellhuber, M.; Meraner, C.; Kulkarni, R.; Polifke, W. & Schuermans, B. (2013), ‘Large Eddy Simulation of Flame Response to Transverse Acoustic Excitation in a Model Reheat Combustor’, J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power 135(9), 091508-1–9. n Zellhuber, M. & Polifke, W. (2013), BY 13 GV: Hochfrequente Instabilitäten der Verbrennung mit Selbstzündung, in T. Sattelmayer & M. Aigner, ed., ‘Abschlussbericht Forschungsinitiative ‘Kraftwerke des 21. Jahrhunderts (KW21)’’, pp. 750-769. n Zellhuber, M. & Polifke, W. (2013), Large Eddy Simulation of High Frequency Flame Dynamics in Perfect Premixed Combustors with Elevated Inlet Temperatures, in ‘DLES-9 Workshop’. n Zellhuber, M.; Schuermans, B. & Polifke, W. (2014), ‘Impact of Acoustic Pressure on Auto-Ignition and Heat Release’, Combustion Theory and Modelling 18(1), 1-31. n Zellhuber, M.; Schwing, J.; Schuermans, B.; Sattelmayer, T. & Polifke, W. (2014), ‘Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Thermo-Acoustic Sources Related to High-Frequency Instabilities’, Int. J. Spray and Combustion Dynamics 6(1), 1-34. n Ziemer, C.; Jasor, G.; Wacker, U.; Beheng, K. D. & Polifke, W. (2014), ‘Quantitative Comparison of Presumed-Number-Density and Quadrature Moment Methods for the Parameterisation of Drop Sedimentation’, Meteorologische Zeitschrift 23(4), 411-423.
Thermo-Fluid Dynamics Group
161
Assistant Professorship of Safe Embedded Systems Specification of fault-tolerant systems, verification and validation of safety-critical systems
n The Assistant Professorship of Safe Embedded Systems was created in October 2013. During this start-up phase, the group employed two scientists. In the period 2013-2014, the focus of the Assistant Professor ship was on triggering research initiatives in the fields of design-to-test methods and fault-tolerant control of distributed applications.
Design-to-Test Prof. Dr. Julien Provost Contact www.ses.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.16424
Validation by testing is a mandatory procedure for safety-critical controllers. However, the validation of a logic con troller is often only considered in the later phases of its development. Thus, if specific non-functional requirements related to testing are not initially considered in the specification definitions, this could lead to the impossibility of validating the behavior of a controller by means of testing. Design-to-test approaches aim at improv
ing the testability of controllers and reducing the additional human workload required to trustfully test critical logic controllers. Projects n TUM – design-to-test approach for black-box testing of programmable controllers
Fault-tolerant Control of Distributed Applications The control of automated systems is increasingly achieved by distributed controllers. However, the global behavior of a system should remain the same independently of the distribution of its implemen-
162
Assistant Professorship of Safe Embedded Systems
tation. The group’s strength lies, amongst others, in the formalization of standardized languages for distributed applications and their automated verification.
Research Focus n Fault-tolerant systems n Formal verification & validation n Distributed control systems n Diagnosis of automated systems
Courses n Basics of Dependable Systems n Design and Analysis of Embedded Systems n Control of Discrete Event Systems
Competence n Control of discrete event systems n Conformance testing n Supervisory control theory n Fault-free analysis
Management Prof. Dr. Julien Provost Elke Reichardt, Secretary Research Scientist Canlong Ma, M.Sc.
Infrastructure n Test bench for (safety) programmable logic controllers n Didactic platform for diagnosis (under construction)
Publications 2013-14 n Provost, J; Roussel, J.-M.; Faure, J.-M.: Generation of Single Input Change Test Sequences for Conformance Test of Programmable Logic Controllers (2014). IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 10 (3), pp. 1696-1704. n Provost, J; Roussel, J.-M.; Faure, J.-M.: Technical report on Conformance Test of Programmable Logic Controllers – Execution of Minimum-Length Test Sequences (2014).
Assistant Professorship of Safe Embedded Systems
163
Institute for Industrial Management and Assembly Technologies Perspectives for production
n In 2013-14, the Chair for Industrial Management and Assembly Technology with its two locations in Augsburg and Garching considered in particular the possibilities of how humans can be integrated into the objectives of Industry 4.0. In addition, the further development of electromobility at the production site Germany was specifically targeted.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Gunther Reinhart Contact www.iwb.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.15500
Electromobility With the expansion of the research field ‘Battery production’, the Chair targets the production of efficient and cost-effective energy storage systems. A particular highlight this year was the inauguration of the research production line for lithium-ion cells. Together with press representatives and all involved project partners, the first complete production line of its kind was started up at the Technical University Munich in July 2014. Industry 4.0 As a result of demographic changes, the average age in producing companies will continue to increase in the future. With ‘Industry 4.0’ the iwb not only means the interconnection of systems, but also how humans are safe in the production environment and how they can effectively use their skills and know-how. Locations Augsburg and Garching In close cooperation with the project group ‘Resource Efficient Mechatronic Processing Machines’ at Fraunhofer IWU in Augsburg and four additional partners, major milestones were reached over the last few years, for example, with the project ‘InnoCyFer – Integrated Design and Fabrication of Customer Individualized Products in Cyber Physical Manufacturing Systems’ supported by the German Federal Ministry of Economics and Energy (BMW) as the lead sponsor in the DLR-sponsored project. The scientists are working together to achieve the goal to enable the integrated design and production of customerinnovated products.
164
Institute for Industrial Management and Assembly Technologies
This will be achieved through the development of an open-innovation platform, which would enable the integration of the creativity and innovation potential of customers in the product development process. One important research content is the planning and control of an autonomous production that is based on cyber-physical systems, where the customer-innovated products will be produced. It is linked directly to the open-innovation platform to ensure that the customer is always well informed of the feasibility of his design, and at the same time receives a delivery schedule and cost estimate. The expected results offer companies a very innovative business model with the opportunity to position themselves on the market with customer-innovated products, and to strengthen Germany’s position as a business location in the long term. With the iwb Application Center Augsburg, the Bavarian-Swabian location has been benefiting for 20 years from the ‘Production Experts’. That way, the technology transfer in Augsburg and surrounding area will be ensured with the scientists there.
Assembly Technology and Robotics The area of Assembly Technology and Robotics addresses the assembly as the last step in the value-creation chain within the production process. Here, the costs and quality of products are influenced in a major way. Efficient assembly processes, innovative system technology and assembly systems, and also the targeted use of industrial robots are the key to a cost-efficient production. The researchers in the Assembly Technology and Robotics group are therefore working on new solutions to specific problems in these areas. Significantly are also the current trends in production. A large part of the work is therefore orientated towards the future area of electromobility and decen tralized energy storage. In this connection, a research line was created at iwb for the production of lithium-ion battery cells which offers a unique platform to research the relationships between production and product quality. Other significant developments are the ever increasing demands on adaptability of assembly lines and robot systems, as well as the topics related to Industry 4.0. Starting with a comprehensive analysis, a thorough understanding for assembly and handling processes is developed. Building on this, process chains are generated and integrated into innovative system concepts. Along with
that, economic and quality examinations validate the applicability of the solutions. Particular attention is being paid to the industrial robot as a universal tool for the automation of processes in production. Projects n ExZellTUM – Excellence Center for battery cells at the Technical University Munich n ProLIZ – Production technology for lithium-ion cells n EEBatt – Decentralized stationary energy storage n FOREL – Research and technology centre for resource-efficient lightweight structures of electric mobility n AKOMI – Automated configuration in micro-system technology n CyPros – Cyber-physical production systems n RoHoQ – Robot-based ultra-precise quality assurance
Production Management and Logistics The research group Production Management and Logistics is working on projects with the objective to increase effectiveness and efficiency of production. The research focuses mainly on the design of an effective change management in production and the identification, early detection and assessment of production technologies. In addition, the working group is researching the effective use of human capabilities and skills as well as know-how against the background of constantly changing parameters in production. An additional area of research
is bionics in production organization addressing production-related technical problems (e.g. layout and route planning) by transferring solutions derived from Institute for Industrial Management and Assembly Technologies
165
nature. From these areas of research and former research focal points evolves wide-ranging expertise of the working group in all areas of production management and logistics. Furthermore, the working group with the Model Factory for Lean Production (LSP) is provided with a real production environment that is used within the framework of research, teaching and training on the topic of man and production and lean management. Projects n SFB 768 – Managing cycles in innovation processes, sub-projects B3 ‘Dynamic Production Technology Planning’, B4 ‘Dynamic Production Structure Planning’, and B5 ‘Cyclically Oriented Design of Versatile Production Resources’ in the funding phase II, and the transfer project T2 ‘Cyclically Oriented Assessment and Planning of
Research Focus n Production management and logistics n Assembly technology and robotics n Automation Competence n Value creation network and locations n Technology planning n Factory planning n Lean management n Resource-efficient production n Knowledge management and didactics n System simulation n Development and optimization of automation concepts n Performing benchmarks and techno logical research n Production planning and control systems n Assembly-friendly design and production n Assembly planning and scenario evaluation n Process and mock-up development n Analysis and optimization of operating behaviour n Feeding and handling technology
166
Institute for Industrial Management and Assembly Technologies
Technology Sequences and Equipment for Assembly Processes’ n Designing flexible factory layouts based on rough planning data. n VisioM – Vehicle concept for urban electromobility, AP3 ‘Assessment of Production’ n FLEXS – Flexible integration of value creation-oriented collaboration in the service sector based on eBusiness standards n MAN.TUM – Efficient pre-production development of variant-rich small series production n BMW.TUM – Configuration and dimensioning of production networks based on bionic principles n InnoCyFer – Integrated Design and Fabrication of Customer Individualized Products in Cyber Physical Manufacturing Systems
Infrastructure n Production line for battery cells n Industrial robots n Environmental/safety and teaching laboratories n Energetic and geometrical parameters n Material analysis systems n Simulation environments
Courses n Automobile Production n Factory Planning n Human Factors in Production Engineering n Methods of Company Management n Assembly, Handling and Industrial Robots n Management of Production Enterprises for Teachers n Practical Course CAD/CAM-Systems n Practical Course ERP-Systems n Practical Course Industrial Robots n Practical Course Production Planning and Control n Practical Course Energy Productivity n Practical Course Lean Production n Seminar Production Management n Practical Soft Skills for Mechatronic Processes in Development and Production n Seminar Mechatronic Development of Production Systems Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Gunther Reinhart, Director Beatrix Kain, Secretary Adjunct Professors Prof. Dr.-Ing. Joachim Milberg Hon.-Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Jochen Platz Visiting Lectures Dr.-Ing. Robert Reiter Dr.-Ing. Rainer Stetter Administrative Staff Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Fritz Grimmer Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Oliver Holzmann Nadja Kirmayer Tanja Mayer Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Andreas Seebald
Research Scientists Nicolas Billot, M.Eng. Dipl.-Ing. Simone Dietrich Dipl.-Ing. Fabian Distel Christiane Dollinger, B.Sc. Benny Drescher, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Alexander Fuchs Dipl.-Ing. Josef Greitemann Till Günther, M.Eng. Dipl.-Ing. Veit Hammerstingl Sven Hawer, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Daniel Hofmann Dipl.-Ing. Florian Karl Dipl.-Ing. Thorsten Klein Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Knoche Dipl.-Ing. Jonas Koch Dipl.-Ing. Jakob Kurfer Dipl.-Ing. Christopher Lock Dipl.-Ing. Edgars Locmelis Dipl.-Phys. Gregor Lux Dipl.-Ing. Jan-Fabian Meis Dipl.-Ing. Joachim Michniewicz Dipl.-Wirt.-Ing. Michael Niehues Dipl.-Wirt.-Ing. Christian Plehn Dipl.-Ing. Markus Pröpster Dipl.-Wi.-Ing. Kirsten Reisen Dipl.-Ing. Benedikt Sager Dipl.-Ing. Johannes Schmalz Alexander Schönmann, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Ulrich Teschemacher Marco Ulrich, M.Sc. Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing. Susanne Vernim Dipl.-Ing. Markus Westermeier Dipl.-Ing. Carola Zwicker Technical Staff Armin Braun Gerhard Brethack Andreas Grünwald Stefan Seidl
Institute for Industrial Management and Assembly Technologies
167
Publications 2013-14 n Braunreuther et al. 2013 Braunreuther, S.; Wiedenmann, R.; Schmalz, J.; Westermeier, M.; Reinhart, G. Auswirkungen von Laserbestrahlung auf Lithium-Ionen-Zellen. Schweißen und Schneiden 65 (2013) 11, pp. 790-793. n Distel & Reinhart 2013 Distel, F.; Reinhart, G. Automatisierte methodische Auslegung berührungsloser Handhabungssysteme. Konstruktion (2013) 4, pp. 86-90. n Koch et al. 2013 Koch, J.; Greitemann, J.; Plehn, C.; Reinhart, G. Cycle Oriented Quality Management at the Interface of Product Development and Production Planning. In: Bernard, A. et al. (Hrsg.): Product Lifecycle Management for Society. Berlin: Springer Berlin 2013, pp. 491-499. ISBN: 3642415008. n Koch et al. 2013 Koch, J.; Plehn, C.; Reinhart, G.; Zaeh, M. F. Cycle Management for Continuous Manufacturing Planning. In: Zaeh, M. F. (Hrsg.): Enabling Manufacturing Competitiveness and Economic Sustainability: Springer Verlag 2013, pp. 9-12. ISBN: 9783319020532. n Koch et al. 2013 Koch, J.; Plehn, C.; Reinhart, G.; Zäh, M. F. Zyklenmodellierung für die Produktionsplanung. Zyklenmanagement Aktuell (2013). n Locmelis et al. 2013 Locmelis, E.; Distel, D.; Reinhart, G. Auslegung einer Plattensonotrode für ultraschallbasierte Handhabungswerkzeuge mit einer CFD-FEM-Kopplung. In: NAFEMS (Hrsg.): Strömungsberechnungen (CFD) in der Systemsimulation. Bamberg, 12.-13.10.2013 2013, pp. 91-98. ISBN: 987-1-874376-71-2. n Magenheimer et al. 2013 Magenheimer, K.; Schutte, C.; Reinhart, G. Lean Management in indirect business areas. Production Engineering – Research and Development (WGP Annals) (2013), available online. n Maurer & Reinhart 2013 Maurer, S.; Reinhart, G. Risikofrühaufklärung und Monitoring zur Gestaltung mehrstufiger Lieferketten. Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb (ZwF) (2013) 12, pp. 922-925. n Philipp et al. 2013 Philipp, T. R.; Schreiber, M.; Reinhart, G. Vorausschauende Steuerung des Auftauens von Prepreg-Materialien. wt Werkstattstechnik online 103 (2013) 4, pp. 317-323. n Philipp et al. 2013 Philipp, T. R.; Winkler, T.; Reinhart, G. Enhanced Production Control for Prepreg Manufacturing. Forty Sixth CIRP Conference on Manufacturing Systems 2013 (2013) 7, pp. 467-472. n Pröpster et al. 2013 Pröpster, M.; Grundstein, S.; Reinhart, G. Reaktion auf Nachfrageschwankungen durch Taktzeitszenarien. Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb 108 (2013) 3,pp. 128-132. n Pröpster & Reinhart 2013 Pröpster, M.; Reinhart, G. Dynamic Reaction on Fluctuations in Demand through Line Balancing in Commercial Vehicle Manufacturing. In: Zaeh, M. F. (Hrsg.): Enabling Manufacturing Competitiveness and Economic Sustainability: Springer Verlag 2013, pp. 177-182. ISBN: 9783319020532. n Reinhart et al. 2013 Reinhart, G.; Engelhardt, P.; Geiger, F.; Philipp, T. R.; Wahlster, W.; Zühlke, D.; Schlick, J.; Becker, T.;Löckelt, M.; Pirvu, B.; Stephan, P.; Hodek, S.; Scholz-Reiter, B.; Thoben, K.-D; Gorldt, C.; Hribernik, K. A.; Lappe, D.; Veigt, M. Cyber-Physische Produktionssysteme. wt Werkstattstechnik online 103 (2013) 2, pp. 84-89. n Reinhart et al. 2013 Reinhart, G.; Glonegger, M.; Meis, J.-F.; Pröpster, M.; Engelhardt, P. Trends in der Fabrikplanung. Maschinenbau 42 (2013) 12, pp. 36-39.
168
Institute for Industrial Management and Assembly Technologies
n Reinhart et al. 2013 Reinhart, G.; Irrenhauser, T.; Reisen, K.; Reinhardt, S.; Bleisteiner, T.; Ramirez, A. Bewertung des RFID-Einsatzes im automobilen Wertschöpfungsnetz. ZWF Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb 1087 (2013) 12, pp. 976-980. n Reinhart et al. 2013 Reinhart, G.; Meis, J.-F.; Reisen, K.; Schindler, S. Bionik in der Produktionsorganisation. Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb 108 (2013) 9, pp. 608-612. n Reinhart & Michaeli 2013 Reinhart, G.; Michaeli, P. Entwicklung von Produktionsstrategien in der Triebwerksindustrie. ZWF (2013) 05, pp. 291-294. n Reinhart et al. 2013 Reinhart, G.; Niehues, M.; Batzner, J.; Welter, E. Werkstattsteuerung mittels Ressourcenkonten. wt Werkstattstechnik online 103 (2013) 4, pp. 331-335. n Reinhart & Zaeh 2013 Reinhart, G.; Zaeh, M. F. (Hrsg.): Augsburger Seminar für additive Fertigung. Augsburg, 19.06.2013. München: Utz Verlag 2013. ISBN: 978-3-8316-4265-6. n Reinhart & Locmelis 2013 Reinhart, G.; Locmelis, E. Ultraschallbasierte berührungslose Handhabungssysteme. VDI-Z Integrierte Produktion 155 (2013) 1/2, pp. 79-81. n Reinhart & Reisen 2013 Reinhart, G.; Reisen, K. Evaluation of the Resource Efficiency of RFID-Controlled Supply Chains. In: Nee, Andrew Y. C et al. (Hrsg.): Re-engineering Manufacturing for Sustainability. Singapore: Springer 2013, pp. 303-308. ISBN: 978¬981-4451-47-5. n Reinhart et al. 2013 Reinhart, G.; Shen, Y.; Spillner, R. Hybride Systeme – Arbeitsplätze der Zukunft. wt Werkstattstechnik online 103 (2013) 6, pp. 543-547. n Westermeier et al. 2013 Westermeier, M.; Reinhart, G.; Zeilinger, T. Method for Quality Parameter Identification and Classification in Battery Cell Production. In: Franke, J. (Hrsg.): Electric Drives Production Conference (EDPC). Nürnberg, 29-30.10.2013. Online verfügbar 2013, pp. 285-295. ISBN: 978-1-4799-1102-8. n Zwicker et al. 2013 Zwicker, C.; Hammerstingl, V.; Michniewicz, J.; Schmalz, J.; Shen, Y.; Ulrich, M.; Reinhart, G. Robotersysteme in der Produktion von morgen. wt Werkstattstechnik online 103 (2013) 9, pp. 717-720. n Haberstroh & Reinhart 2014 Haberstroh, P.; Reinhart, G. Methode zur Berücksichtigung von Persönlichkeitseigenschaften bei der Einführung von mechatronischen Vorgehensweisen. ZWF Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb. n Hammerstingl et al. 2014 Hammerstingl, V.; Schmalz, J.; Reinhart, G. Das Tablet als Schnittstelle zur Maschine. VDI-Z Integrierte Produktion 156 (2014) 6, pp. 34-36. n Koch et al. 2014 Koch, J.; Maisenbacher, S.; Maurer, M.; Reinhart, G.; Zäh, M. F. Structural modeling of extended manufacturing systems – an approach to support changeability by reconfiguration planning. In: CIRP (Hrsg.): Procedia CIRP. Amsterdam: Elsevier 2014, pp. 142-147. n Michaeli et al. 2014 Michaeli, P.; Rauch, J.; Reinhart, G. Systematik zur Analyse produktionsstrategischer Handlungsfelder. ZWF Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb 109 (2014) 3, pp. 142-146. n Reinhart et al. 2014 Reinhart, G.; Greitemann, J.; Reisen, K.; Rester, N. Technologie-Screening. Bewertung produktionsbezogener Risiken innovativer Produkte am Beispiel der Elektromobilität. wt Werkstattstechnik online 104 (2014) 4, pp. 217-223.
Institute of Applied Mechanics Development, simulation and experimental investigation of complex dynamical and mechatronical systems
n The focus of the Institute of Applied Mechanics in 2013-14 was to develop new numerical techniques for efficiently modeling and designing the dynamical mechanical systems (both for multibody dynamics and for vibration analysis), to investigate new techniques to control humanoid robots and industrial manipulators and to advance experimental techniques for investigating the vibrational behavior of structures. The research combines theoretical investigations, design and construction of hardware as well as testing. The institute organizes its research activities in three
research groups: Dynamic Simulation and Numerical Techniques, Robotics and Mechatronics, and Experimental Dynamics. Prof. dr. ir. Daniel Rixen
Experimental Dynamics
Contact www.amm.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.15220
Experimental characterisation of a test windturbine components (AM)
Rotor testbench with sensors to monitor defects (AM)
Dynamic testing is regularly performed in our labs in order to validate models and test construction. In addition experimental dynamic techniques are part of our research where we improve identification methods. In one project techniques to detect defects in rotors are developed: combining measured displacements and forces on the bearings with specific models of the rotor dynamics, defects such as unbalance, misalignment or shaft curvature can be detected and identified. Another important research topic is experimental substructuring: based on the measured dynamics of components, a full model is built numerically by specific assembly techniques. Obtaining an accurate assembled numerical model from measured components requires special measurement techniques and signal processing steps. Applications can be found in the design of cars or pump assemblies. In our lab we test substructuring strategies on a small wind turbine as part of an international benchmarking activity for substructuring.
As an ultimate substructuring application we also investigate so-called real-time substructuring methods, where a hardware component is interacting real-time with a numerical model. We investigate novel modeling, sensing and control strategies for such challenging hardwarethe-loop technology. Projects: n Model-based monitoring of rotor (DFG) n Real-time substructuring for complex systems (internal) n Substructuring methodology for transfert path analysis (BMW) n Four-pole models of car subsystems to set component requirements (BMW) n Experimental substructuring evaluation on an wind turbine testbench (Iranian fellowship) n Dynamic Identifying of a multi-megawatt turbine direct-drive generator using operational modal analysis (XEMC Darwind BV)
Institute of Applied Mechanics
169
Robotics and Mechatronics
The manipulator for automated harvesting and LOLA, the humanoid Robot (AM)
Mechatronics is the field dealing with vibrating structures or multibody dynami cal systems actuated and sensed in a controlled way in order to achieve specific functions. In our institute we develop for instance an end-deflector for endoscopes in order to enable surgery through a single (natural) orifice. The mechanical design of the deflector needs to be combined with precise actuation in order to allow the surgeon the necessary dexterity. A specific application of mechatronics can be found in robots. Our institute has a long tradition of designing, constructing and controlling robots for non-common applications. A humanoid two-legged robot (LOLA) was built over the last years where state-ofthe-art knowhow is brought together to advance the design of biped robots and to develop new control strategies and trajectory planning, looking specifically at methods for stable and autonomous walking in uneven terrain or under perturbations. Also over the last 3 years, the institute has designed and built a manipulator for agricultural applications. This manipulator was part of a large European project (CROPS) focusing on automated harvesting of e.g. peppers, apples or grapes and at
targeted spraying of pesticides. In addition to the optimization of the mechatronical design and special attention to modularity, the research also involved specific trajectory planning of the manipulator for operation for instance in greenhouses. Projects n Design and control of manipulators for single port surgery (DFG) n Real-time planning for robust walking of a humanoid robot (DFG) n Robust walking for a humanoid robot under disturbances (DFG) n Gait control of a humanoid robot in uneven terrain (DAAD) n CROPS – Clever Robots for Crops: simulation and control (EU-FP7) n CROPS – Clever Robots for Crops: design, construction and optimization of a robotic manipulator (EU-FP7) n CROPS – Clever Robots for Crops: predictive trajectory planning and tactile envelope (EU-FP7) n Biologically inspired control of humanoid robots (internal) n Adaptive force/position control of a robot for investigative manipulation of human joints (MRI)
Dynamic Simulation and Numerical Techniques
Dynamic model of a continuously variable transmission to evaluate loading on pushbelt elements (AM)
Designing and optimizing high-tech systems necessitates accurate and efficient modeling. The expertise and research focus of the institute is mainly in model reduction aspects, parallel computing strategies and numerical techniques simulating the dynamic of contact between bodies, including lubrication through films. 170
Institute of Applied Mechanics
To obtain accurate dynamical system models multiphysical effects need to be included for instance to account for lubrication films (elasto-hydrodynamics), for vibro-acoustic interaction or for electromagnetical coupling. We also investigate specific time-integration techniques for the non-smooth dynamics appearing for instance when components are in contact. Models used to analyze the dynamics of structures often contain several millions of degrees of freedom. We develop methods to characterize the dynamics of linear and non-linear structural models with only a reduced set of unknowns so that models can be used for optimization, design validation or as flexible components in
multibody dynamic simulations. In order to use the power of modern multiprocessor computers, we develop solution algorithms based on the paradigm of domain decomposition: if the problem is partitioned in different domains (regions of a structural model), the solution is found by iterating on the interface solution while the behavior in the domains are computed independently by different processors. We improve those methods to make them robust for real-life problems that include for instance high heterogeneities, or complex dynamics. Projects n Component reduction and coupled simulation of off-shore wind turbines (Siemens Wind Power) n Dual substructuring techniques in linear and multibody dynamics (internal) n Varying manifolds as reduction basis for geometrically non-linear structures (internal) n Domain decomposition techniques for dynamic problems (internal) n FETI method for non-linear multibody dynamics (internal)
Research Focus n Modeling and simulation of dynamical systems n Vibration analysis and rotordynamics n Mechatronics and robotics n Experimental dynamics Competence n Finite element modeling in dynamics n Model reduction and substructuring n Time integration and solvers n Multiphysical modeling n Trajectory planning and control of robots n Biped robots n Modal identification n Operational modal analysis
n Finite element tearing and interconnecting: preconditioners for heterogeneous problems (Michelin) n Hybrid and semi-explicit timeintegration strategies for non-smooth dynamics (internal) n Validation of a pushbelt continuously variable transmission using multibody dynamics (Bosch Transmission Technology BV) n Electromagnetic coupling in the dynamics of generator in direct-drive wind turbines (XEMC Darwind BV) n Elasto-hydrodynamic models in joint models of multibody dynamical systems (internal) n NVH of turbos: floating-ring bearings and rotordynamics modeling (MHI Equipment Europe BV) n Modeling of common-rail injectors for faults detection and control reconfiguration (DFG) n Multiscale strategy for noise prediction of tires (Goodyear S.A.) n Design and construction of a synchronous centrifugal pendulum absorber (BMW) n Modeling of gears with defects in system descriptions (DLR)
Modeling of the pressure in lubrication film of a floating-ring bearing (R. Eling, TU Delft)
Courses n Technical Mechanics (Statics, Elasticity and Dynamics) n Technical Mechanics for Electrotechnique n Machine Dynamics n Simulation of Mechatronical Systems n Mechanical Vibration Lab n Vibration Measurement Lab n Technical Dynamics n Robot Dynamics n Multibody Dynamics n Multibody Dynamics Lab n Structural Dynamics n Experimental Vibration Analysis n Seminars in Applied Mechanics
Infrastructure n Mechanical and electronic workshop n Vibration and dynamic test lab n Robotic lab n Dynamics teaching lab Institute of Applied Mechanics
171
Management: Prof. dr. ir. Daniel Rixen, M.Sc., Ordinarius PD Dr.-Ing. habil. Thomas Thümmel, Director Administrative Staff Manuela Müller-Philipp Rita Schneider Research Scientists Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Bartl Dipl.-Ing. Jörg Baur Dr.-Ing. Thomas Buschmann Dipl.-Math. Eva-Maria Dewes Dipl.-Ing. Alexander Ewald Fabian Gruber, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Kilian Grundl Dipl.-Ing. Arne-Christoph Hildebrandt Dipl.-Ing. Gerald Horst Dipl.-Ing. Benedikt Huber Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Krinner Dipl.-Ing. Michael Leistner Dipl.-Ing. Johannes Mayet Dipl.-Ing. Julian Pfaff Dipl.-Ing. Markus Roßner Dipl.-Ing. Johannes Rutzmoser Dr.-Ing. Thorsten Schindler
Dipl.-Ing. Christoph Schütz Dipl.-Ing. Robert Wittmann Rob Eling, M.Sc., external candidate (TU Delft) Maarten van der Seijs, M.Sc., external candidate (TU Delft) Dipl.-Ing. Michael Kirschneck, external candidate (TU Delft) Dipl.-Ing. Michael Kirschneck, external candidate (TU Delft) Paul van der Valk, M.Sc., external candidate (TU Delft) Dipl.-Ing. Martin Münster, external candidate Dipl.-Ing, Constantin von Deimling Frans ven der Linden, M.Sc. external candidate Romain Pennec, M.Sc. Karamooz Morteza, M.Sc. Daniel Wahrmann, M.Sc. Oliver Hofmann, M.Sc. Technical Staff Simon Gerer Georg König Georg Mayr
Publications 2013-14 n Barth, R.; Baur, J.; Buschmann, T.; Edan, Y.; Hellström, T.; Nguyen, T.; Ringdahl, O.; Saeys, W.; Salinas, C.; Vitzrabin, E.: Using ROS for Agricultural Robotics – Design Considerations and Experiences. Proceedings of the Second RHEA International Conference on Robotics and Associated High-technologies and Equipment for Agriculture, 2014 n Baur, J.; Dendorfer, S.; Pfaff, J.; Schuetz, C.; Buschmann, T.; Ulbrich, H.: Experimental Friction Identification in Robot Drives. Robotics and Automation (ICRA), 2014 IEEE International Conference on, 2014 n Baur, J.; Schuetz, C.; Pfaff, J.; Buschmann, T.; Ulbrich, H.: Path Planning for a Fruit Picking Manipulator. International Conference of Agricultural Engineering, 2014 n Baur, J.; Schuetz, C.; Pfaff, J.; Ulbrich, H.: Modeling and Control of Pneumatic Artificial Muscles in an Antagonistic Set-up. Proceedings of the IMSD/ ACMD 2014, 2014 n Bontsema, J.; Hemming, J.; Pekkeriet, E.; Saeys, W.; Edan, Y.; Shapiro, A.; Hočevar, M.; Hellström, T.; Oberti, R.; Armada, M.; Ulbrich, H.; Baur, J.; Debilde, B.; Best, S.; Evain, S.; Gauchel, W.; Ringdahl, O.: CROPS: high tech agricultural robots. International Conference of Agricultural Engineering, 2014
172
Institute of Applied Mechanics
n Hildebrandt, Arne-Christoph; Wittmann, Robert; Wahrmann, Daniel; Ewald, Alexander; Buschmann, Thomas: Real-Time 3D Collision Avoidance for Biped Robots. IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), 2014 n Huber, B.; Ulbrich, H.: Modeling and Experimental Validation of the Solenoid Valve of a Common Rail Diesel Injector. SAE Technical Paper, 2014 n Huber, B.; Ulbrich, H.: Experimental Evaluation of the Static Magnetic Force and Dynamic Investigation of the Solenoid Valve of a Common Rail Diesel Injector. Proceedings of the FISITA 2014 World Automotive Congress, 2014 n Huber, B.; Ulbrich, H.: Simulation and Validation of a Common Rail Diesel Injector. Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Engineering Computational Technology, 2014 n Kirschneck, M.; Rixen, D. J.; Polinder, Henk; Ostayen, Ron van: Effects of Magneto-Mechanical Coupling on Structural Modal Parameters. IMACXXXII: International Modal Analysis Conference, Orlando, FL, 2014 n Krinner, A.; Thümmel, T.: Petuya, V. and Pinto, C. and Lovasz E.-C. (Hrsg.): Non-smooth Behaviour of a Linkage Mechanism with Revolute Clearance Joints. Band Mechanisms and Machine Science. Springer-Verlag (17. Aufl.), 2014
n Mayet, J.; Gruber, F.; Pennec, R.; Rixen, D.; Ulbrich, H.: Numerical Investigation of Centrifugal Pendulum Vibration Absorber Responses. ENOC 2014, 2014 n Mayet, J.; Ulbrich, H.: Tautochronic centrifugal pendulum vibration absorbers. Journal of Sound and Vibration 333, 2014, 711-729 n Muenster, Martin; Lehner, Michael; Rixen, Daniel J.: Requirements for the Response to Disturbance of Steering and Suspension Systems based on Vehicle Targets. 14. Internationalen Stuttgarter Symposium, 2014 n Oberti, R.; Marchi, M.; Tirelli, P.; Calcante, A.; Iriti, M.; Hočevar, M.; Baur, J.; Pfaff, J.; Schuetz, C.; Ulbrich, H.: CROPS Agricultural Robot: Application to Selective Spraying of Grapevine’s Diseases. Proceedings of the Second RHEA International Conference on Robotics and Associated High-technologies and Equipment for Agriculture, 2014 n Pfaff, J.; Baur, L.; Schuetz, C.; Buschmann, T.; Ulbrich, H.: Design of Drive Units for Agricultural Robots. International Conference of Agricultural Engineering, 2014 n Pfeiffer, Friedrich; Schindler, Thorsten: Einfuehrung in die Dynamik. Springer, 2014 n Rossner, M.; Thuemmel, T.; Ulbrich, H.: Online Roundness Error Identification and Model-based Monitoring for Rotors. 10th International Conference on Vibration Engineering and Technology of Machinery (Vetomac), 2014 n Rossner, M.; Thuemmel, T.; Ulbrich, H.: Inclusion of Unsteady Bow in a Model-Based Monitoring System for Rotors. 9th IFToMM International Conference on Rotor Dynamics, 2014 n Rutzmoser, Johannes B.; Rixen, Daniel J.: Model Order Reduction for Geometric Nonlinear Structures with Variable State-Dependent Basis. Dynamics of Coupled Stuctures (Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series), 2014 n Schindler, Thorsten: Consistent high-frequency damping for nonsmooth flexible multibody systems. Abstracts of The 10th AIMS Conference on Dynamical Systems, Differential Equations and Applications, 2014 n Schindler, Thorsten: Timestepping schemes based on discontinuous Galerkin methods. Proceeding of the 11th World Congress on Computational Mechanics, 2014 n Schindler, Thorsten: Consistent higher order integration of nonsmooth mechanical systems. Abstracts of The 10th AIMS Conference on Dynamical Systems, Differential Equations and Applications, 2014 n Schindler, Thorsten; Acary, Vincent: Timestepping schemes for nonsmooth dynamics based on discontinuous Galerkin methods: Definition and outlook. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation 95, 2014, 180-199 n Schoeder, Svenja; Ulbrich, Heinz; Schindler, Thorsten: Discussion of the Gear-Gupta-Leim kuhler method for impacting mechanical systems. Multibody System Dynamics 31, 2014, 477-495 n Schuetz, C.; Baur, J.; Pfaff, J.; Buschmann, T.; Ulbrich, H.: Multipurpose Redundant Manipulators for Agricultural Tasks. Austrian Robotics Workshop 2014, Linz, Austria, 2014
n Schuetz, C.; Pfaff, J.; Baur, J.; Buschmann, T.; Ulbrich, H.: A Modular Robot System for Agricultural Applications. International Conference of Agricultural Engineering, 2014 n Schuetz, Christoph; Buschmann, Thomas; Baur, Joerg; Pfaff, Julian; Ulbrich, Heinz: Predictive online inverse kinematics for redundant manipulators. Robotics and Automation (ICRA), 2014 IEEE International Conference on, 2014 n Seijs, M.V. van der; Valk, P.L.C. van der; Horst, T. van der; Rixen, D.J.: Towards Dynamic Substructur ing using Measured Impulse Response Functions. IMAC-XXXII: International Modal Analysis Confer ence, Orlando, FL, 2014 n Valk, Paul L.C. van der; Rixen, Daniel J.: Towards a parallel time integration method for nonlinear systems. IMAC-XXXII: International Modal Analysis Conference, Orlando, FL, 2014 n Wittmann, Robert; Hildebrandt, Arne-Christoph; Ewald, Alexander; Buschmann, Thomas: An Estimation Model for Footstep Modifications of Biped Robots. IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), 2014 n van der Valk, Paul L.C.; Rixen, Daniel J.: An Impulse Based Substructuring method for coupling impulse response functions and finite element models. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 275, 2014, 113-137 n Baur, J.; Pfaff, J.; Schuetz, C.; Ulbrich, H.: Dynamic modeling and realization of an agricultural manipulator. Proceedings of XV International Symposium on Dynamic Problems of Mechanics, DINAME, 2013 n Bosch, Allert; Schmehl, Roland; Tiso, Paolo and Rixen, Daniel: Nonlinear aeroelasticity, flight dynamics and control of a flexible membrane traction kite – 17. In: Roland Schmehl, Uwe Ahrens, and Moritz Diehl (Hrsg.): Airborne Wind Energy. Springer-Verlag, 2013, 307– 323 n Buschmann, T. Ewald, A.; Schwienbacher, M.; Favot, V.; Ulbrich, H.: Humanoide Laufmaschinen. at – Automatisierungstechnik (61), 2013, 4 n Eling, R.; van Ostayen, R.; Rixen, D.J.: Dynamics of rotors on hydrodynamic bearings. Comsol Conference Rotterdam, 2013 n Everdij, F.P.X.; Lloberas Valls, O.; Simone, A.; Rixen, D.J.; Sluys, L.J.: Domain Decomposition and Parallel Direct Solvers as an Adaptive Multiscale Strategy for Damage Simulation in Materials. Domain Decomposition DD22, Lugano, Switzerland, 2013 n Everdij, F.P.X.; Lloberas-Valls, O.; Simone, A.; Rixen, D.J.; Lambertus, J.S.: Domain Decomposition and Parallel Direct Solvers as an Adaptive Multiscale Strategy for Damage Simulation in Quasi-Brittle Materials, 2013 n Martínez, H.; Obst, T.; Ulbrich, H.; Burgkart, R.: A novel application of direct force control to perform in-vitro biomechanical tests using robotic technology. Journal of biomechanics 46 (7), S. 1379-1382, 2013
Institute of Applied Mechanics
173
Institute of Thermodynamics Technology-driven thermo-fluid dynamics research
n Our research guide line is the proposition that scientific research in an engineering school should be focussed on problems with high technological relevance. A key to realizing our mission is the close cooperation with the industry in general and in particular with partners who – developing their high class global products to the leading edge of technology – have encountered barriers that might be overcome by fundamental research.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Sattelmayer Contact www.td.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.16219
Our partner industries are optimizing their technologies towards lower carbon footprint, integration with renewable power sources and environmental compatibility. Their research needs are reflected in our four research groups. The increase of fuel efficiency and operational flexibility at low pollutant emissions pursued in the power industry requires fundamental research in the areas of combustion fundamentals, emissions and reliability and combustion instabilities. Pollutant reduction and fuel flexibility development in large reciproca-
ting engines require basic understanding of multi-phase phenomena. Alternative thermal comfort systems are explored to improve the efficiency of mobility applications. The appreciation of this approach in the technical community is reflected by the five Best Technical Paper Awards our research group has received from the ASME International Gas Turbine Institute Combustion and Fuels Committee during the past fifteen years.
Combustion Fundamentals
Investigation of the correlation between heat release and OH* radiation
Turbulence-chemistry interaction is the common research topic of this work group with applications from scramjets to reheat combustors as well as flame acceleration and deflagration-detonation transition in confinements and reciprocating engines. The group shares common numerical and experimental approaches to describe the processes of unsteady combustion.
174
Institute of Thermodynamics
Projects n Piloted natural gas combustion in large bore reciprocating engines with internal and external fuel air mixing n Flame acceleration and deflagration to detonation transition n Chemiluminescence and heat release n Thermal luminescence in high temperature flames n Supersonic combustion in scramjets n Low oxygen combustion in gas turbines with exhaust gas recirculation n Turbulent flame propagation in lean hydrogen flames
Combustion Emissions and Reliability Alternative fuels are a challenge for gas turbine combustors with respect to combustion emissions, stability, autoignition and flashback safety. This work group investigates the fundamental processes and develops rules applicable to new combustor designs with respect to low emission fuel flexible operation. Projects n Wall flashback n Combustion induced vortex breakdown n Flame stabilization at the fuel injectors of premix burners n Syngas combustion in premixed swirl burners
n Premixed swirl burner aerodynamics n Lean blowout and emissions n Staged premixed combustion n CO quenching in staged gas turbine combustors at part load n Improvement of gas turbine part load emissions by on-board fuel reforming n Power augmentation of gas turbines with premixed combustors and water injection n Premixed hydrogen combustion at ultra-high combustor inlet temperatures
Visible light-emissions of unconfined, swirled methane and hydrogen flames
Combustion Instabilities and Noise The strong coupling of acoustics and heat release in confined flames leads to a feedback loop which can result in violent combustion instabilities. These are a threat for gas turbines, rocket motors and other combustion devices because they result in substantial pressure oscillations, structural vibrations and increased heat transfer. Combustion instabilities reduce the lifetime, limit the operation range or even lead to severe damage of combustion systems. This research group uses numerical and experimental techniques on a wide range of topics from combustion instability like flame-to-flame interaction, prediction of combustion instability, active instability control and flame noise. Projects n Combustor design for thermoacoustic stability (DETAS) n Thermoacoustic stability of annular gas turbine combustors n Thermoacoustics of aeroengine combustors
Instantaneous pressure distribution in a rocket motor nozzle related to higher order acoustic modes
n High frequency instabilities in gas turbine combustors n Acoustic transfer functions of gas turbine and rocket motor flames n Acoustic losses in combustion chambers n Passive damping of combustion instabilities n Rocket motor damping mechanisms. n Rocket motor flame dynamics and stability n Combustion noise generation and propagation in vehicle auxiliary heaters and aeroengine combustors
Institute of Thermodynamics
175
Multiphase Phenomena
Stereo-PIV measurements of the transition regime from plug to slug flow
Multiphase flows and systems play an important role in numerous applications in process and power engineering. While seemingly diverse this research group on multiphase flow creates strong synergies in modeling and experimental tools. Research topics range from boiling and condensation phenomena to water desalination and from droplet dynamics to transport in porous media, transport of gas-liquid mixtures, spray research and exhaust gas cleaning.
Projects n Influence of turbulence and secondary flows on sub-cooled flow boiling n Critical heat flux in two-phase flows n Transition from stratified to plug/slug flow n NOx-generation in partially premixed sprays n Selective catalytic NOx-removal n Atomization and mixing at extreme injection and air pressures n Concentration of liquid residues from biogas plants n Innovative solar desalination processes. n Membrane distillation with concentrat ing PV/T n Solar thermal hydrogen and nitrogen extraction from regolith
Energy and Environmental Technologies
2-axis tracker for testing solar installations (heliostat) on the mechanical engineering faculty roof
The research topics of this work group cover conventional as well as solar driven desalination processes, chemical storage for solar and wind energy, new applications of photovoltaic and solar thermal collectors, thermal comfort in electric and hybrid vehicles and green building solutions. The group operates a Solar Research Center, where novel solar applications are investigated under realistic ambient conditions.
176
Institute of Thermodynamics
Projects n Passenger comfort and thermal management of future electric vehicles n Low cost heating for electric vehicles n HVAC for vehicles in humid climate n Application of PV/T hybrid solar collectors in desalination n Reverse osmosis desalination powered by transient hybrid photovoltaic/thermal solar systems n Small scale humidification/dehumidification-plant for solar seawater desalination n Solar-powered air-conditioning using thermal-regenerative liquid sorbents n Dehydrogenation of carbazole and thermal oils used for hydrogen storage
Research Focus n Combustion instabilities and noise n Reactive flows n Two-phase flows n Energy systems Competence n Experimental and theoretical study of combustion and thermo-acoustics n Stability analysis of combustion systems n Experimental and theoretical study of low-emission constant pressure and constant volume combustion n Simulation of flow, heat-transfer and combustion n Experimental and theoretical study of two-phase flow and boiling Infrastructure n Mechanical workshop, electronics workshop n Combustion/combustion instability research: Test cells for experiments from lab to engine scale, 40bar laminar flame rig, atmospheric single burner rigs 50-1000kW, annular combustor 1500kW, HP rig 10bar/500kW, water channel for fluid dynamics and mixing studies. 80/200mm rapid compression machines, dynamical constant volume combustion cell, detonation channel n Two-phase flow research: boiling loop, water-air two-phase loop, test rigs for studies of catalytic process n Tools: high speed (HS) PIV, PIV, LDV, PDA, HS LIF, CW lasers, HS cameras 40 kfps, intensifiers, spectrometers, filters, digital holography, emission analyzers, dynamical temperature and pressure probes, cluster for scientific computing, numerous codes (CFD, LNSE, LEE, acoustics, reaction kinetics …)
Courses n Thermodynamics I + II n Combustion n Desalination n Energy Optimization of Buildings n Solar Engineering n Automotive Air Conditioning n Thermo-Fluiddynamics Lab n Combustion Technology Lab n Solar Technology Lab n Data Acquisition & Controls Lab Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Sattelmayer, Director Prof. em. Dr.-Ing. Dr.-Ing. E.h. Franz Mayinger, Emeritus Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Dr.-Ing. habil. Johannes Straub, Emeritus Senior Scientists Dr.-Ing. Christoph Hirsch Dr.-Ing. Markus Spinnler Lecturers Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Blumenberg Dr.-Ing. Alexander Kolb Dr.-Ing. Heinz-Günther Sonnenburg Administrative Staff Helga Bassett Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Sigrid Schulz-Reichwald Research Scientists Dipl.-Ing. Denise Ahrens MA Dipl.-Ing. Stefan Bauer Dipl.-Ing. Max Baumgärtner Frederik Berger, M.Sc. Michael Betz, M.Sc. Moritz Bruder, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Lorenz Böck Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Fiala Dipl.-Ing. Georg Fink Dipl.-Ing. Marcus Grochowina Dipl.-Ing. Balbina Hampel Dipl.-Ing. Josef Haßlberger Dipl.-Ing. Michael Hertweck Norbert Heublein, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Vera Hoferichter Tobias Hummel, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Katrin Johé Michael Jud, M.Sc. Peter Katzy, M.Sc. Institute of Thermodynamics
177
Florian Kiefer, M.Sc. Noah Klarmann, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Michael Kolb Dipl.-Ing. Alexander Kroiß Stephan Lellek, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Konrad Makowka Dipl.-Ing. Alexander Präbst Paul Riffat, M.Sc. Michael Schiffner, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Moritz Schulze Dipl.-Ing. Nicolai Stadlmair Constanze Temmler, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Wolfram Ullrich Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Utschick Dipl.-Ing. Johannes Weinzierl Stefan Wenzel, M.Sc. Max Zahn, M.Sc.
Technical Staff Bernhard Strobl Florian Krist Thomas Schleussner Jens Hümmer Josef Dorrer Gerhard Giel Ogulcan Kocer Marjanovic Tomislav Claus Wimmer
Publications 2013-14 n Fiala, T.; Sattelmayer, T.; Heat Release and OH* Radiation in Laminar Non-Premixed HydrogenOxygen Flames, 51st AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, Grapevine, Texas, 7-10.01.2013 n Ettner, F.; Vollmer, K.; Sattelmayer, T.; Mach Reflection in Detonations Propagating through a Gas with a Concentration Gradient, Shock Waves, Volume 23, Issue 3, pp. 201-206, May 2013 n Schwing, J.; Sattelmayer , T.; High-Frequency Instabilities in Cylindrical Flame Tubes: Feedback Mechanism and Damping, Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2013, No. GT2013-94064, San Antonio, USA, June 2013 n Seidel, V.; Marosky, A.; Sattelmayer, T.; Geng, W.; Magni, F.; The Effect of Cooling Air on the Air Fuel Distribution of a Silo Combustor, Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2013, No. GT2013-94865, San Antonio, USA, June 2013 n Seidel, V.; Marosky, A.; Hirsch, C.; Sattelmayer, T.; Geng, W.; Magni, F.; Influence of the Inflow Confinement on the Flashback Limits of a Premixed Swirl Burner, Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2013, No. GT2013-94866, San Antonio, USA, June 2013 n Baumgartner, G.; Sattelmayer, T.; Experimental Investigation of the Flashback Limits and Flame Propagation Mechanisms for Premixed Hydrogen-Air Flames in Non-Swirling and Swirling Flow, Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2013, No. GT2013-94258, San Antonio, USA, June 2013 n Baumgartner, G.; Sattelmayer, T.; Experimental Investigation on the Effect of Boundary Layer Fluid Injection on the Flashback Propensity of Premixed Hydrogen-Air Flames, Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2013, No. GT2013-94266, San Antonio, USA, June 2013 n Schmitt, D.; Kolb, M.; Weinzierl, J.; Hirsch, C.; Sattelmayer, T.; Ignition and Flame Stabilization of a Premixed Jet in Hot Cross Flow, Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2013, No. GT2013-94763, San Antonio, USA, June 2013
178
Institute of Thermodynamics
n Jörg, Ch.; Gikadi, J.; Sattelmayer, T.; Numerical Investigation of the Plane-Wave Reflection Coefficient of an Exhaust Pipe at Elevated Temperatures using Linearized Navier-Stokes Equations, Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2013, No. GT2013-94843, San Antonio, USA, June 2013 n Tautschnig, G.; Hampel, B.; Hirsch, C.; Sattelmayer, T.; Experimental Investigation of OH* and CH* Chemiluminescence Under Varying Operating Conditions, Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2013, No. GT2013-95850, San Antonio, USA, June 2013 n Wagner, M.; Jörg, C.; Sattelmayer, T.; Comparison of the Accuracy of Time-Domain Measurement Methods for Combustor Damping, Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2013, No. GT2013-94844, San Antonio, USA, June 2013 n Gikadi, J.; Ullrich, W.C.; Sattelmayer, T.; Turrini, F.; Prediction of the Acoustic Losses of a Swirl Atomizer Nozzle under Non-Reactive Conditions, Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2013, No. GT2013-95449, San Antonio, USA, June 2013 n Wagner, M.; Schulze, M.; Sattelmayer, T.; Experimental Investigation of Acoustic Properties of Orifices and Perforated Plates in the High Mach Number Regime, 20th International Congress on Sound and Vibration (ICSV), Bangkok, Thailand, 7-11 July, 2013 n Schulze, M.; Schmid, M.; Morgenweck, D.; Köglmeier, S.; Sattelmayer, T.; A Conceptional Approach for the Prediction of Thermoacoustic Stability in Rocket Engines, 49th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, San Jose, California, 14-17.07.2013 n Fiala, T.; Sattelmayer, T.; On the Use of OH* Radiation as a Marker for the Heat Release Rate in High-Pressure Hydrogen-Oxygen Liquid Rocket Combustion, 49th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, San Jose, California, 14-17.07.2013
n Marosky, A.; Seidel, V.; Sattelmayer, T.; Magni, F.; Geng, W.; Impact of Cooling Air Injection on the Combustion Stability of a Premixed Swirl Burner Near Lean Blowout, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol. 135, Issue 11, 111501-1 (9 pages), Doi: 10.1115/1.4025043, 2013 n Bade, S.; Wagner, M.; Hirsch, C.; Sattelmayer, T.; Schuermans, B.; Design for Thermo-Acoustic Stability: Modeling of Burner and Flame Dynamics, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol. 135, Issue 11, 111502-1 (7 pages), DOI: 10.1115/1.4025001, 2013 n Bade, S.; Wagner, M.; Hirsch, C.; Sattelmayer, T.; Schuermans, B.; Design for Thermo-Acoustic Stability: Procedure and Database, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol. 135, Issue 12, 121507-1 (8 pages), DOI: 10.1115/1.4025131, 2013 n Schmid, M.; Blumenthal, R.S.; Schulze, M.; Polifke, W.; Sattelmayer, T.; Quantitative Stability Analysis Using Real-Valued Frequency Response Data, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol. 135, Issue 12, 121601-1, DOI: 10.1115/1.4025299 n Bloch, G.; Muselmann, W.; Saier, M.; Sattelmayer, T.; A phenomenological study on effects leading to the departure from nucleate boiling in subcooled flow boiling, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, in Progress, Vol. 67, pp. 61-69, Dec. 2013 n Zellhuber, M.; Schwing, J.; Schuermans, B.; Sattelmayer, T.; Polifke, W.; Experimental and numerical investigation of thermoacoustic sources related to high-frequency instabilities, Int. Journal of spray and combustion dynamics, Volume 6, Issue 1, 2014 n Duan, Z.; Shaffer, B.; McDonell, V.; Baumgartner, G.; Sattelmayer, T.; Influence of Burner Material, Tip Temperature, and Geometrical Flame Configuration on Flashback Propensity of H2-Air Jet Flames, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Volume 136, Issue 2, 021502-1, February 2014 n Bloch, G.; Kuczaty, J.; Sattelmayer, T.; Application of high-speed digital holographic interferometry for the analysis of temperature distributions and velocity fields in subcooled flow boiling, Experiments in Fluids, Volume 55, Issue 2, pp. 1678, February 2014 n Bloch, G.; Sattelmayer, T.; Effects of turbulence and secondary flows on subcooled flow boiling, Heat and Mass Transfer, Volume 50, Issue 3, pp. 427-435, March 2014 n Lorenz, M.; Fiala, D.; Spinnler, M.; Sattelmayer, T.; A Coupled Numerical Model to Predict Heat Transfer and Passenger Thermal Comfort in Vehicle Cabins, SAE 2014 World Congress and Exhibition, Detroit USA, 8-10.04.2014 n Ettner, F.; Vollmer, K.G.; Sattelmayer, T.; Numerical Simulation of the Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition in Inhomogeneous Mixtures, Journal of Combustion, Volume 2014, Article ID 686347, May 2014 n Sangl, J.; Mayer, C.; Sattelmayer, T.; Prediction of the NOx Emissions of a Swirl Burner in Partially and Fully Premixed Mode on the Basis of Water Channel Laser Induced Fluorescence and Particle Image Velocimetry Measurements, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Volume 136, Issue 6, 061503-1, June 2014 n Fiala, T.; Sattelmayer, T.; Nonpremixed Counterflow Flames: Scaling Rules for Batch Simulations, Journal of Combustion, Volume 2014, Article ID 484372, pp. 7, June 2014 n Bade, S.; Wagner, M.; Hirsch, C.; Sattelmayer, T.; Schuermans, B.; Influence of Fuel-Air Mixing on Flame Dynamics of Premixed Swirl Burners, Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2014, GT201425381, Düsseldorf, June 16-20, 2014
n Hoferichter, V.; Ahrens, D.; Kolb, M.; Sattelmayer, T.; A Reactor Model for the NOx Formation in a React ing Jet in Hot Cross Flow Under Atmospheric and High Pressure Conditions, Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2014, GT2014-26711, Düsseldorf, June 16-20, 2014 n Sattelmayer, T.; Mayer, C.; Sangl, J.; Interaction of Flame Flashback Mechanisms in Premixed Hydrogen-Air Swirl Flames, Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2014, GT2014-25553, Düsseldorf, June 16-20, 2014 n Tautschnig, G.; Haner, E.-M.; Hirsch, C.; Sattelmayer, T.; Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Confined Jets in Hot Co-Flow, Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2014, GT2014-25843, Düsseldorf, June 16-20, 2014 n Ahrens, D.; Kolb, M.; Hirsch, C.; Sattelmayer, T.; NOx Formation in a Reacting Premixed Jet in Hot Cross Flow, Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2014, GT2014-26139, Düsseldorf, June 16-20, 2014 n Ullrich, W.C.; Gikadi, J.; Jörg, C.; Sattelmayer, T.; Acoustic-entropy coupling behavior and acoustic scattering properties of a Laval nozzle, AIAA Avi ation, 20th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference, Atlanta, GA, 16-20 June, 2014 n Makowka, K.; Sattelmayer, T.; Unsteady RANS Investigation of a Hydrogen-Fueled Staged Supersonic Combustor with Lobed Injectors, AIAA Aviation, 20th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference, Atlanta, GA, 16-20 June, 2014 n Makowka, K.; Sattelmayer, T.; Semi-Zonal Hybrid RANS/LES Turbulence Modeling with RANS Sensor Based Interfacing Applied to Supersonic Flows, AIAA Aviation, 20th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference, Atlanta, GA, 16-20 June, 2014 n Dröske, N.C.; Nizenkov, P.; Vellaramkalayil , J.J.; von Wolfersdorf, J.; Makowka, K.; Sattelmayer, T.; Validation of a Novel Open Foam Solver using a Supersonic, Non-reacting Channel Flow, AIAA Aviation, 20th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference, Atlanta, GA, 16-20 June, 2014 n Schulze, M.; Sattelmayer, T.; Low-Order Modelling of the Non-Local Acoustic Reacting Combustion Chamber-Dome Interface in Rocket Engines, AIAA Aviation, 20th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference, Atlanta, GA, 16-20 June, 2014 n Köglmeier, S.; Kaess, R.; Sattelmayer, T.; Determination of Acoustic Scattering Matrices Using Nonlinear Disturbance Equations, AIAA Aviation, 20th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference, Atlanta, GA, 16-20 June, 2014 n Schulze, M.; Urbano, A.; Zahn, M.; Schmid, M.; Sattelmayer, T.; Oschwald, M.; Thermoacoustic Feedback Analysis of a Cylindrical Combustion Chamber under Supercritical Conditions, 50th AIAA/ ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, Cleveland, USA, 28-30 July, 2014 n Boeck, L.R.; Hasslberger, J.; Sattelmayer, T.; Flame Acceleration in Hydrogen/Air Mixtures with Concentration Gradients, Combustion Science and Technology, Volume 186, Issue 10-11, pp. 16501661, 2014 n Ullrich, W.; Schulze, M.; Sattelmayer, T.; Fundamental Indirect Noise Generation by Interactions between Entropy, Vorticity and Acoustic Waves in the Context of Aero Engine Applications, inter.noise 2014, Melbourne, Australia, 16-19.11.2014 n Gikadi, J.; Föller, S.; Sattelmayer, T.; Impact of turbulence on the prediction of linear aeroacoustic interactions: Acoustic response of a turbulent shear layer, Journal of Sound and Vibration, Volume 333, Issue 24, pp. 6548-6559, December 2014
Institute of Thermodynamics
179
Sport Equipment and Materials Group R&D in sports technology combining engineering, sports science and computational methods
n The focus of the sports engineering group in 2013-14 was to improve experimental expertise in knee biomechanics, to optimize our computer model of the human arm to simulate the preventive effect of wrist guards and to gain better insight on sports garment related thermo-physiology.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Veit Senner
Three highlights are worth mentioning: n launch of two start-ups within the frame of Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs’ exist program. n Optimization of Germany’s top athlete Anja Huber’s skeleton for the Olympic Wintergames in Sotschi
n TV report illustrating our research project ‘mechatronic ski bindings’ in Switzerland’s major science broadcast ‘Einstein’.
Contact www.spgm.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.15366
Towards Better Performance with Optimized Sport Equipment
Anja Huber in the virtual wind tunnel. Source: TUM/ FluiDyna, Graphics: M. + C. Penev
Improving the performance in both top level and leisure time sports is a major motivation for research and development of sports equipment. The focus is on energy transfer between athlete and equipment and can be optimized by n improved fitting to the individual (i.e. golf shaft) n better equipment weight to stiffness ratio (i.e. bicycle frame) n energy return at optimal position of athlete’s motion n optimized heat- and moisture management (i.e. new infills for down jackets)
Skin- and core temperature measurements during garment test in climate chamber
180
Sport Equipment and Materials Group
Industry and Public Funded Projects n Optimization ergonomics of Olympic skeleton n Development inflatable highperformance surfboard
Patented surfboard of TUM start-up ‘tripstix’. Graphics by TUM students S. Godoj and S. Hofelich
n Track and field sprint spike with synthetic leaf springs n Impact sensation related to golf shaft’s weight and flexibility
Towards more Safety with Improved Protection Gear
Validation of arm-wrist-model to simulate snowboard backward falls
The avoidance of traumatic and also long-term sports injuries due to better protective equipment is one of the major challenges of our research. Projects n Development of a mechanical lower leg with instrumented knee and full muscle control n Design of an emergency release system for winter sport equipment
Research Focus n Improved performance of sport equipment n Safety & protection gear to avoid overloads n Thermo-physiology in sport garment design n Footwear – sport surface interaction n Electric & muscle-powered lightweight vehicles Competence n Muscular-skeletal models & simulation n 3D-motion analysis (optical, inertia, DGPS) n Electromyography (EMG) & spirometry n Measurement of external loads & plantar pressure n Development of physical models (foot & ankle, knee, lower leg)
EMG measurements and handling observation while climbing with a ‘kids-friendly’ carabiner
n Simulation of a worst case scenario of snowboard falls for evaluating the prevention effect of snowboard wrist guards n Ergonomics of a climbing carabiner for children n Determination of hip joint loads for different skiing manoeuvers
Infrastructure n Mobile skin- and core-temperature measurement n Multi-body simulation software SIMPACK® n Mobile EMG and spirometry n Video-based motion analysis SIMI® n Knee surrogate with loading device n Instrumented bicycle n 5-axis fatigue testing device for bicycle frames Courses n Basic Skills of Science n Applied Biomechanics n Sports Technology n Practical Ergonomics n Digital Human Modeling n Advanced Biomechanics n Sports Engineering n Interdisciplinary Research Project
Measurement of metabolic energy in skiing
Sport Equipment and Materials Group
181
Management: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Veit Senner, Director Administrative Staff: Simona Chiritescu-Kretsch
Research Scientists: Dr. rer. nat. Stefan Lehner (until 10/2014) Dipl.-Sportwiss. Marius Janta, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Daniel Meyer Dipl. Phys. Jürgen Mitternacht Michaela Nusser, M.Sc. ETH (until 08/2014)
Publications 2013-14 n Bulut, J., Janta, M., Senner, V., & Kreuzer, J. (2013). Determination of Insulation Properties of Functional Clothing Using Core Body Temperature Gradients as Quantification Parameter. Proceedia Engineering, 60(0), 208-213, from http://www.sciencedirect.com/ science/article/pii/S1877705813011089. n Burger, M., & Senner, V. (2014). Correlation between Quality of Golf Drive and Impact Sensation in Dependence of Shaft Weight and Shaft Flexibility. Procedia Engineering, 72, 292-297. n Feldstein, I. (2014). Optimal durch den Eiskanal: Rennschlitten: Konkurrenzfähig bleiben durch technischen Vorsprung. chemie&more, 5. Jahrgang (6. Ausgabe), 32-33. n Janta, M., Bengler, K., & Senner, V. (2014). Komfort durch lokale Klimatisierung in Elektroautos. In Gesellschaft für Arbeitswissenschaft e. V. (Ed.), Gestaltung der Arbeitswelt der Zukunft (pp. 398400). Dortmund: GfA-Press. n Janta, M., Prestel, J., Senner, V., & Bengler, K. (2014). Dynamic Thermal Receptor Response and Comfort in Cold and Warm Environments. Procedia Engineering, 72, 103-107. n Lampe, R., Mitternacht, J., Merdanovic, E., Salzmann, M., & Pilge, H. (2013). Ermittlung des Aktivitätslevels bei Patienten mit infantiler Zerebralparese. Zeitschrift für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, 151(03), 248-256. n Lehner, S., Binder, S., Mitternacht, J., & Senner, V. (2014). Entwicklung einer Testmethode der Ermüdungsbeständigkeit von Brustprothesen: Developing a Method for Testing the Fatigue Resistance of Breast Protheses. Orthopädie Technik. Rehabilitation. Medizinprodukte, 65. Jahrgang(11), 46-50. n Lehner, S., Dießl, C., Chang, D., & Senner, V. (2013). Optimization of a Foot Model for the Evaluation of the Injury Risk during Cutting Movements in Football. Procedia Engineering, 60(0), 325-330, from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/ S1877705813010618. n Lehner, S., Geyer, T., Michel, F. I., Schmitt, K.-U., & Senner, V. (2014). Wrist Injuries in Snowboarding – Simulation of a Worst Case Scenario of Snowboard Falls. Procedia Engineering, 72, 255-260.
182
Sport Equipment and Materials Group
n Lehner, S., & Senner, V. (2013). Evaluation of Ergonomics of a New Effort Saving Via-ferrata Carabiner-child vs. Adult Use. Proceedia Engineering, 60(0), 319-324, from http://www.sciencedirect. com/science/article/pii/S1877705813010771. n Meyer, D., Steffan, M., & Senner, V. (2014). Impact of Electrical Assistance on Physiological Parameters During Cycling. Procedia Engineering, 72, 150-155. n Mitternacht, J., Klement, A., & Lampe, R. (2013). Plantar pressure distribution during and after pregnancy. European Orthopaedics and Traumatology, n Rahulan, M., Troynikov, O., Watson, C., Janta, M., & Senner, V. (2013). Consumer Purchase Behaviour of Sports Compression Garments – A study of Generation Y and Baby Boomer Cohorts. Procedia Engineering, 60(0), 163-169, from http:// www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/ S1877705813011065. n Senner, V., Michel, F. I., & Lehner, S. (2013). Ski equipment-related measures to reduce knee injuries: Review of the potential for further technical improvements in recreational alpine skiing. bfu knowledge base: bfu - Swiss Council for Accident Prevention, Berne. n Senner, V., Michel, F. I., Lehner, S., & Brügger, O. (2013). Technical possibilities for optimising the skibinding-boot functional unit to reduce knee injuries in recreational alpine skiing. Sports Engineering, Volume 16 (Issue 4), 211-228. n Senner, V., Lehner, S., Nusser, M., & Michel, F. I. (2014). Skiausrüstung und Knieverletzungen beim alpinen Skifahren im Freizeitsport: Eine Expertise zum gegenwärtigen Stand der Technik und deren Entwicklungspotenzial. bfu-Report: Nr. 69. Bern: bfu Beratungsstelle für Unfallverhütung. n Senner, V. (2014). Ausrüstung und Sicherheit im alpinen Skisport. Sportunterricht, 63.(10), 291-297.
Institute for Energy Systems Power Generation and solid fuel conversion
n The focus of the Institute for Energy Systems in 2013-14 was to investigate future power generation systems and solid fuel conversion processes. Our research can be divided into four areas: Power Plant Technology, Renewable Energy, Modeling and Simulation, as well as Measurement Technology. We cooperate with research institutions and industrial companies on a number of national and international research projects. The expertise of the institute is also reflected in the large number of operated testing facilities, and in the utilized meas urement technologies. The mechanical workshop, the electronics laboratory, and the chemical laboratory are also essential parts of the experimental operation at the institute.
Key competences regarding modeling and simulation are CFD simulations of combustion and gasification processes, entire process simulations, burner design, form optimization of blade and seal geometry, as well as the simulation of deposition and slagging tendencies. Furthermore, a Siemens GuD-Simulator (SPPA-T3000) can be found at the Institute for Energy Systems, which makes it possible to simulate various power plant processes, and to test the control system of power plants.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hartmut Spliethoff Contact www.es.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.16270
Power Plant Technology With a stronger presence of renewable energy sources in the power grid, combined cycle- and coal-fired thermal power plants are subject to more frequent and larger load changes. The evaporator as a component in thermal power plants and its dynamic behavior is of great interest for flexible power plants. To investigate the evaporation process under dynamic conditions, an evaporator test rig is being installed at the Institute for Energy Systems. Further test rigs include an oxyfuel combustion chamber and entrained flow reactors. The oxyfuel combustion of coal is one of the three main research routes for the development of coal-powered power plants with CO2 restraint systems. The aim is to develop and demonstrate combustion and boiling systems on a commercial scale. Coal power plants on the basis of IGCC technology (Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle) mainly use entrained flow gasifiers and offer the advantage of high efficiency and the opportunity for effective CO2 capture and storage. The primary objective of the work at the institute is to lay the necessary foundations for the long-term
development of future, highly efficient high-temperature gasification processes with integrated hot gas purification and optional CO2 capture and storage for IGCC power plants and processes for the development of synthetic fuel. Further projects investigate the development of a corrosion reduction concept and the potential of the SNCR process, in order to reduce the emissions of waste combustion facilities. The SNCR research focuses on ammonia injection in substoichiometric zones. Projects n Energy valley Bavaria – high pressure evaporation facility n HotVeGas – high temperature gasification and gas purification processes for IGCC power plants n KorrMind – development of a corrosion reduction concept n RELCOM – reliable oxycoal combustion n Robust and efficient NOx reduction with ammonia injection in a reducing flue gas atmosphere Pressurized entrained flow reactor
Institute for Energy Systems
183
Renewable Energy The use of biomass for electricity and heat production has moved increasingly into focus. In the biomass work group the goal is to investigate and to solve problems and limitations that arise in the thermal use of biomass. Key aspects are the reduction of emissions and unburned materials, trace elements like sulfur and chlorine compounds, as well as alkalis and particles. Together with Suncoal Industries GmbH, focusing on the process of hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), the conversion of biochar in an entrained-flow gasifier is investigated. A procedure for the treatment and methanation of the product gas from a biomass gasifier is developed as well. The processed gas has to meet the criteria for integration into the natural gas grid. Furthermore, within the framework of the SOFCOM project, the ability to use solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) as an efficient means of biomass generation in combined cooling, heat, and power facilities is investigated. The focus
SNG-production from biomass
lies on decentralized facilities for the use of locally produced biomass. Projects n FLUHKE – entrained flow gasification with biochar n FNR – thermal use of biomass in high temperature processes n SOFCOM – solid oxide fuel cells n SNG – decentralized production of synthetic natural gas from biomass
Modeling and Simulation
Simulation of pulverized coal combustion
184
Institute for Energy Systems
Modeling and simulation of solid fuel conversion play an important role in several projects mentioned above: e.g. HotVeGas, RELCOM and NOx reduction. Computational fluid dynamic simulations (CFD) are applied in order to gain a more detailed understanding of several combustion and gasification processes. Furthermore, entire process simulations aim at evaluating the complete power plant system and possible synergies. As the flexibility of power plants gets into the focus of the operators – in addition to efficiency and economy – the interaction of power plant processes during dynamic operation is investigated in the context of the dynamic simulation of power plants. An improved process understanding helps to develop better operating strategies and optimized power plant configurations. Two different power plant types
are investigated: Combined cycle power plants and coal-fired power plants. Also the economic use of waste heat is a focus of research. The use of waste heat at low temperatures with organic Rankine cycles (ORC) is examined at the institute by means of process simulations. Projects n Energy valley Bavaria - dynamic simulation of power plants n ESPOSA - efficient systems and propulsion for small aircraft n Misselhorn cycle - waste heat utilization at low temperatures n TcET - thermochemical energy storage unit for thermal power plants and industrial heat n CleanTechCampus Garching
Research Focus n Power plant technology n Renewable energies n Modelling and simulation n Measurement technology
Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hartmut Spliethoff, Director Dr.-Ing. Matthias Gaderer Dr.-Ing. Stephan Gleis Dipl.-Ing. Christoph Wieland
Competence n Combustion and gasification of solid fuels n Steam cycles and waste heat utilization n Operation of pilot- and lab-scale test facilities n Process simulations and CFD simulations n Laser measurement technologies n Fuel and gas analysis
Administrative Staff Brigitte Demmel Xiaolu Pei Martina Rath Heike Winter
Infrastructure n Fuel laboratory and thermobalances n Mechanical workshop and electronics laboratory n Experimental facilities and test rigs (in particular combustion and gasification reactors) Courses n Basic Course in Reaction Thermo dynamics n Chemical Reactors n Electricity Networks and Energy Markets n Energy and Economy n Energy from Biomass and Residuals n Energy Systems I/II n Numerical Methods for Energy Systems n Process Technology and Ecology in Modern Power Plants n Renewable Energy Technology I/II n Solarthermal Power Plants n Steam Turbines n Thermal Power Plants (M.Sc. Power Engineering) n Thermodynamics in Energy Conversion (M.Sc. Power Engineering)
Research Scientists Michael Angerer, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Baumgartner Dipl.-Ing. Moritz Becker Dipl.-Ing. Maximilian Blume Dipl.-Ing. Federico Botteghi Dominic Breitkopf, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Ludwig Briesemeister Dipl.-Ing. Alexander Buttler Dr.-Ing. Dumitru Cebrucean Dipl.-Ing. Pedro Dias Dipl.-Ing. Sebastian Fendt Fischer Felix, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Markus Fischnaller Andreas Geißler, M.Sc. Moritz Gleinser, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Adrian Goanta Stefan Härzschel, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Stefan Halama Julia Hentschel, M.Sc. Stephan Herrmann, M.Sc. Barbara Hetterich, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Sebastian Jell Dipl.-Ing. Steffen Kahlert Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Ulrich Kleinhans Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Kohlhepp Michael Kremling, M.Sc. Philipp Kurowski, M.Sc. Xinmeng Li, M.Sc. Wei Liu, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Raphael Marro Dominik Meinel, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Philipp Meysel Dipl.-Ing. Mario Nakonz Dr. Alexander Pugachev Dipl.-Ing. Roman Rück Dipl.-Ing. Gerrit Schatte
Institute for Energy Systems
185
Dipl.-Ing. Kristina Speth Markus Steibel, M.Sc. Andreas Stephan, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Markus Stetka Markus Ulbrich, M.Sc. Dr. Annelies Vandersickel Christian Wolf, M.Sc. Technical Staff Christoph Berkel Albert Daschner Linda Hartmann
Andrea Hartung Jürgen Knösch Lino Krause Vera Krekel Friedrich Leiher Manuela Meyer Robert Riss Dipl.-Ing. Simon Schatzmann Benedikt Schels Margarethe Schwindl Quynh-Huong Vu
Publications 2013-14 2014 (selected publications) n Buttler, A.; Koltun, R.; Spliethoff, H.: Efficiency and flexibility potential by integrating water electrolysis in IGCC power plants for excess power storage. 6th International Freiberg Conference on IGCC & XtL Technologies, 2014 n Halama, S.; Spliethoff, H.: Computational Modeling (CFD) of Entrained Flow Gasification Kinetics with focus on the Structural Evolution of Char Particles. 6th International Freiberg Conference on IGCC & XtL Technologies, 2014 n Herrmann, S.; Gaderer, M.; Spliethoff, H.: Thermo-Economic and Experimental Investigation of Small- to Medium-Scale Integrated Biomass Gasification Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Systems. 22th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, 2014 n Kremling, M.; Briesemeister; L., Spliethoff, H.; Gaderer, M.: High Temperature Biomass Gasification in an Entrained Flow Reactor – Design and Engineering of a Test Facility. 22th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, 2014 n Liu, W.; Meinel, D.; Wieland, C.; Spliethoff, H.: Investigation of hydrofluoroolefins as potential working fluids in organic Rankine cycle for geothermal power generation. Energy 67, 2014, 106-116 n Mayerhofer, M.; Fendt, S.; Spliethoff, H.; Gaderer, M.: Fluidized bed gasification of biomass – In bed investigation of gas and tar formation. FUEL 117, 2014, 1248-1255 n Mayerhofer, M.: Teerentstehung und Teerminderung bei allothermer Wirbelschichtvergasung. Dissertation, 2014 n Meinel, D.; Wieland, C.; Spliethoff, H.: Effect and comparison of different working fluids on a twostage organic rankine cycle (ORC) concept. Applied Thermal Engineering 63, 2014, 246-253 n Murer, M. J.: Numerical methods for efficient power generation from municipal solid waste. Dissertation, 2014 n Pugachev, A. O.: Aggregation of Experimental and Theoretical Data for Brush Seal Leakage Evaluation. 50th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, 2014 n Schuhbauer, C.; Angerer, M.; Spliethoff, H.; Kluger, F.; Tschaffon, H.: Coupled simulation of a tangentially hard coal fired 700°C boiler. FUEL 122, 2014, 149-163
186
Institute for Energy Systems
n Speth, K.; Murer, M.; Spliethoff, H.: Selective High Temperature Reduction of NOx with Ammonia in Biomass Incineration. 22th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, 2014 n Steibel, M.; Botteghi, F.; Spliethoff, H.: Experimental Investigation of Solid Fuel Gasification in Entrained Flow Reactors. 6th International Freiberg Confer ence on IGCC & Xtl Technologies, 2014 n Ulbrich, M.; Schwarz, R.; Spliethoff, H.; Gaderer M.: Experimental Study on the Impact of Process Parameters on Energy and Ash Yield of Bio Coal Produced With Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC). 22th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, 2014
2013 (selected publications) n Balan, G.; Losurdo, M.; Spliethoff, H.: Experimental Study of High-Temperature Chlorine-Induced Corrosion in Dependence of Gas Velocity. Energy & Fuels 27 (10), 2013, 5628-5639 n Becher, V.: Validation of spectral gas radiation models under oxyfuel conditions. Dissertation, 2013 n Blume, M.; Baumgartner, A.; Goanta, A.; Dias, P.; Spliethoff, H.: Experimental Investigation of Interaction between Coal Flames – Effects on Total and Radiation Heat Fluxes. Proceedings of the 38th Clearwater Clean Coal Conference 750-761, 2013 n Bohn, J. P.; Blume, M.; Baumgartner, A.; Goanta, A.; Spliethoff, H.: Oxyfuel combustion of lignite in a non-stoichiometric operating two burner arrangement. FUEL 104, 2013, 398-408 n Buttler, A., Kunze, C., Spliethoff, H.: Analyse von flexiblen IGCC-Konzepten der nächsten Generation. In: Beckmann, M.; Hurtado, A. (Hrsg.): Kraftwerkstechnik – Sichere und nachhaltige Energieversorgung. TK Verlag, 2013, 259-270 n Buttler, A.; Kunze, C.; Spliethoff, H.: IGCC–EPI: Decentralized concept of a highly load-flexible IGCC power plant for excess power integration. Applied Energy 104, 2013, 869-879 n Erbel, C.: Beiträge zur Entwicklung der ELIF-Mess technik. Dissertation, 2013
n Erbel, C.; Mayerhofer, M.; Monkhouse, P.; Gaderer, M.; Spliethoff, H.: Continuous in situ measurements of alkali species in the gasification of biomass. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 34 (2), 2013, 2331-2338 n Fendt, S.; Maschke, M.; Gaderer, M.; Spliethoff, H.: Concept Study of Small-Scale Biomass-to-SNG Systems with Excess Power Integration. 21st European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, 2013 n Fischnaller, M.; Volz, F.; Kunde, R.; Spliethoff, H.; Gaderer, M.: Small Scale Gasifiers – Market and Technology Evaluation for Promising Developments. Proceedings of the International Conference on Polygeneration Strategies 13, 2013 n Gaderer M.; Spliethoff, H.: Future requirements for fossil power plants, in Lecture Notes Joint EPS-SIF Italian Physical Society – International School on Energy. New Strategies for Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage 54, 2013, 29-40 n Gaszner, M., Pugachev, A.O., Georgakis, C., & Cooper, P.: Leakage and rotordynamic coefficients of brush seals with zero cold clearance used in an arrangement with labyrinth fins. ASME J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power 135 (12), 2013, 122506-11 n Gewald, D.: Waste heat recovery of stationary internal combustion engines for power generation. Dissertation, 2013 n Halama, S.; Kleinhans, U.; Spliethoff, H.: CFD simulation of pulverized fuel combustion, gasification and ash deposition in entrained flow reactors. 21st European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, IEA Bioenergy Task 32 workshop, 2013 n Kleinhans, U.; Wieland, C.; Spliethoff, H.: Modellierung des zeitlichen Depositionsaufbaus bei der Staubfeuerung in einem Flugstromreaktor: Ein Vergleich zwischen Simulation und Experiment. Deutscher Flammentag, 2013 n Kleinhans, U.; Wieland, C.; Spliethoff, H.: Modeling ash deposition and formation during pulverized fuel combustion using computational fluid dynamics. Proceedings of the 38th Clearwater Clean Coal Conference, 2013 n Mitsakis, P.; Mayerhofer, M.; Meng, X.; Spliethoff, H.; Gaderer, M.: Optical measurement of tars in a fluidized bed gasifier: influence of fuel type and gasification parameters on their formation. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery 3 (2), 2013, 157-167
n Murer, M. J.; Alonso-Herranz, E.; de Waal, C. M. W.; Spliethoff, H.; van Berlo, M. A. J.; Gohlke, O.: Energy efficiency monitoring – Which sensors are really needed? Waste Management & Research 31 (5), 2013, 525-531 n Pugachev, A. O.: Application of gradient-based optimization methods for a rotor system with static stress, natural frequency, and harmonic response constraints. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization 47 (6), 2013, 951-962 n Pugachev, A.O.: Predicted performance of brush seals: porous medium versus resolved bristle matrix and comparison with experimental data. Proceedings of the 10th European Conference on Turbomachinery, 2013, 160-170 n Schuhbauer, C. J.: Dynamic and Coupled Simulation of the 700°C Coal-Fired Power Plant. Dissertation, 2013 n Schuhbauer, C.; Angerer, M.; Spliethoff, H.; Kluger, F.; Tschaffon, H,: Detailliert gekoppelte Simulation von Kraftwerksfeuerung und Dampferzeugung. Deutscher Flammentag, 2013 n Steibel, M.; Botteghi, F.; Stetka, M.; Nakonz, M.; Spliethoff, H.: Experimentelle Untersuchung der Hochdruck-Pyrolyse von Kohle und deren Einfluss auf die intrinsische Kinetik der CO2-, H2O- und der kombinierten H2O-/CO2-Vergasung. Kraftwerkstechnisches Kolloquium, 2013, 941-952 n Tremel, A.; Gaderer, M.; Spliethoff, H.: Small-scale production of synthetic natural gas by allothermal biomass gasification. International Journal of Energy Research 37 (11), 2013, 1318–1330 n Tremel, A.; Spliethoff, H.: Gasification kinetics during entrained flow gasification - Part I, II and III: FUEL 103 (SI), 2013, 663-671; FUEL 107, 2013, 653-661; FUEL 107, 2013, 170-182 n Tremel, A.; Becherer, D.; Fendt, S.; Gaderer, M.; Spliethoff, H.: Performance of entrained flow and fluidised bed biomass gasifiers on different scales. Energy Conversion and Management 69, 2013, 95-106 n Wieland, C.; Meinel, D.; Spliethoff, H.: Exergo-economic Comparison of ORC Concepts at different Scales. ASME ORC-Conference, 2013
Institute for Energy Systems
187
Institute of Machine Elements Calculation, simulation and experimental analysis of gears, synchronizers, clutches and rolling element bearings
n The focus of the Institute of Machine Elements (FZG) is to develop methods and tools for reliable determination of fatigue life, efficiency, friction and vibration characteristics of gears and transmission elements. The FZG has state-of-the-art facilities for the examination and testing of different types of machine elements – such as gears, synchronizers, clutches and rolling element bearings. To carry out the various different research activities, FZG has more than
80 test rigs. Based on experimental and theoretical studies methods are derived. Furthermore, the institute contributes extensively to national and international standardization activities and the community work of VDI, DIN and ISO.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Karsten Stahl Contact www.fzg.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.15807
Back-to-back gear test rig (a=91.5mm)
188
Institute of Machine Elements
Components: Cylindrical Gears Cylindrical gears are the most widespread transmission types. The fatigue life of cylindrical gears is limited by pitting, micropitting, scuffing, wear, tooth root breakage or tooth flank breakage. The basis for the experimental examination of such gear damage is the standard FZG back-to-back gear test rig, which was developed by FZG and is used all over the world. The described types of damages, as well as material, lubricant and efficiency examinations for external and internal gearings, can thereby be carried out very efficiently. In addition to sufficient load-carrying capacity and good noise characteristics, research is increasingly focusing on the efficiency performance of gears. Projects n AiF/FVA project ‘Stillstandsmarkierungen’ n AiF/FVA project ‘Lastverteilungseinfluss Schrägverzahnung’ n AiF/FVA project ‘Induktionshärtung’ n FVA project ‘Normberechnung asymmetrischer Verzahnungen’ n AWT project ‘Optimierte Getriebestähle’ n AiF/FVA project ‘Tiefnitrieren II’ n FVA project ‘Zahnradstähle weltweit II’ n FVA project ‘Flankengenerator’ n AiF/FVA project ‘Verlustleistung von Stirnradverzahnungen’ n AiF/FVA project ‘Tragfähigkeit Klein getriebe II’
n AiF/FVA project ‘Optimierung Flankentragfähigkeit’ n AiF/FVA project ‘Wassergehalt in Ölen’ n FVA project ‘Validierung RIKOR II’ n FVA project ‘Flankenbruch Stirnräder’ n FVA project ‘Erweiterung Dyn. Zahnkräfte Programm DZP’ n AiF/FVA project ‘Nitrierte Innen-/Außenverzahnung’ n AiF/FVA project ‘Randschichtgefüge’ n DGMK project ‘Fettschmierung Kleingetriebe’ n Fraunhofer Gesellschaft Project ‘Generative Zahnradtragfähigkeit’ n FVA project ‘STplus VII’ n FVA project ‘STplus Transferprojekt’ n FVA project ‘Kennwerte Anregungsverhalten IV’ n FVA project ‘RIKORplusZ88’ n FVA project ‘Drehzahleinfluss Getriebedynamik’ n AiF/FVA project ‘Systemlebensdauerprüfung II’ n FVA project ‘Getriebeauslegungsprogramm GAP 5’ n FVA project ‘Modularisierung Rechenkerne’ n FVA project ‘Korrektureinfluss Lastverteilung’ n FVA project ‘Getriebeauslegungsprogramm’ n FVA project ‘LAPLAS II’
Components: Bevel and Hypoid Gears Bevel gears are used for power and torque transmission between non-parallel axes. The main application field of bevel gears is the automotive industry. However, bevel gears are also used in large numbers in train and ship propulsion, as well as in industrial gearboxes. The FZG hypoid gear test rig was developed for life tests on bevel and hypoid gears. Like the FZG back-to-back gear test rig, this rig operates on the
principle of the mechanical power circuit. The test rig is used for the examination of tooth root and tooth flank load-carrying capacity, as well as for hypoid gear oil tests. Projects: n AiF/FVA project ‘Kegelrad-Carbonitrieren’ n FVA project ‘Nachrechnung Flankenbruch Kegelräder’
Bevel and hypoid gear test rig
Components: Worm Gears Worm gears offer the possibility of realising high transmission ratios in only one stage. Thus a considerably high axial sliding occurs, leading to reduced efficiencies. Due to the large overlap, worm gears have low noise and vibration levels. Self-locking and self-braking are possible by appropriate choice of the gear geometry. The application of worm gears as power gearboxes is mainly limited by wear, pitting or limited efficiency. Other material combinations than the conven tional combination of steel and bronze are more endangered by scuffing. Both electrically and hydrostatically loaded test rigs are available for the determination of sliding wear, pitting and scuffing of common worm gear bronzes, as well as brass, grey cast iron and spheroidal cast iron. The results are represented as specific wear or scuffing damage in correlation to the drive torque or as pitting growth over the number of load cycles.
The high percentage of sliding for worm gears causes higher power losses with increasing transmission ratio. With torque measurement shafts, efficiency tests for every operating condition can be perform ed with these test rigs. The tooth root load-carrying capacity of worm gears can be determined within pulsator tests. Therefore, a special device has been developed, which allows a load to be imposed on the worm wheel teeth through the corresponding worm shaft. Projects: n AiF/FVA project ‘SchneckengetriebeBaugrößeneinfluss II’ n AiF/FVA project ‘SchneckenSchraubradgetriebe II’ n FVA project ‘Integration der Schraubradgetriebe FVA Workbench’ n FVA project ‘SNESYS IV’ n FVA project ‘Fettschmierung Schneckengetriebe II’
Worm gear test rig
Institute of Machine Elements
189
Components: Synchronizers In vehicle manual and DCT transmissions, the gears are changed by the actuation of tooth clutches. Synchronizers are used to realise equal rotational speed in the dog clutch, which is necessary for convenient gear shifting. The requirements for synchronizers are application-specific and cover a large spectrum. Besides a high torque transfer capability and related high energy and power density for the friction material and the lubricant, low wear and high long-term stability of the friction behaviour, as well as convenient gear shifting are important development objectives.
Examinations of friction, wear and service life behaviour of synchronizers are carried out with the FZG standard synchronizer test rig ZF/FZG SSP-180. Project: FVA project ‘Synchro-Schleppmomente’
Standard synchronizer test rig ZF/FZG SSP-180
Components: Multidisc Clutches
Multidisc clutches test rig KLP-260
190
Institute of Machine Elements
Oil-lubricated multidisc clutches and brakes are used for example in automatic transmissions for gear shifting and for frictionally engaged power transmission. Multidisc clutches are characterised by a high power density in a compact design. They can be actuated under load and difference in rotational speed because the torque is transmitted by friction. Functional and service-life behaviour depend to a large extent on the load and the friction system. The mechanical and thermal load of the clutch which occurs during the shift operations are not constant in practical application, but vary due to different shifting conditions. The friction, wear, drag loss and servicelife behaviour of oil-lubricated multidisc clutches are examined with the FZG
multidisc clutch test rigs. Accordingly, an evaluation of the influences of friction material, groove pattern, volume of oil flow, lubricant and load on friction, wear and drag loss behaviour is possible. Projects: n FVA project ‘Lebensdauer Lamellenkupplungen II’ n FVA project ‘Festigkeit von Reibbelägen’ n FVA project ‘Schleppverluste Lamellenkupplungen II’ n FVA project ‘Carbon-Ölverträglichkeit’ n FVA project ‘KUPSIM 3.0’ n FVA project ‘Carbon-/Sinter-Reibungsverhalten’ n AiF/FVA project ‘Langsamlaufschlupf Lamellenkupplungen’
Topics: Load-Carrying Capacity A large part of the research topics deals with the load-carrying capacity of the components cylindrical, bevel, hypoid and worm gears, as well as multidisc clutches, synchronizers and rolling element bear ings. For gears, fatigue lifetime is often limited by pitting, micropitting, wear, scuffing, tooth root breakage and tooth flank fracture.
The results of many research projects at FZG are gained from theoretical and experimental investigations. In order to develop a method, simulation models are usually developed and validated by extensive experimental studies.
Topics: EHL-/Tribological Contact For gear drives, the ratio of sliding to rolling along the path of contact is variable. Basic investigations on rolling and sliding contacts are performed on twindisc machines, which make it possible to adjust any slide-roll ratios at different rotational speeds. Local measurements of pressure, temperature and film thickness can be performed by means of thinfilm sensors. Theoretical consideration and calculations (EHL theory) supplement the experiments. In classical hydrodynamics, the contact surfaces are assumed to be rigid. The lubricant wedge formation only depends on the lubricant and the speed ratios of both contact partners. This simplification is not possible for high pressures. The flexible deformation of the contact area, as well as the viscosity change in the contact zone on the basis of differences in temperature and the high local pressure, can no longer be neglected. These effects are recorded on computed
EHL film thickness distribution
Schematic EHL-contact
distributions of pressure, temperature and lubricant film thickness in the contact by applying the EHL theory. Complex simulations can be used to calculate them numerically. Consequently main shear and octahedron stresses below the surface of the two contact partners can be determined. Projects: n DFG project ‘Reinhart Koselleck-Projekt’: ‘Sinterscheiben’ n DFG project in ‘SPP 1551’: ‘Einlaufverhalten’
Topics: Dynamics/NVH Internal additional dynamic forces, which change tooth stress and affect noise behaviour of the transmission, occur in running transmissions. The NVH behaviour of gears is becoming more and more important due to the increased customer expectations regarding noise. The additional dynamic forces must be considered
during development of high-performance transmissions. Experimental and theoretical investigations are used to determine these additional dynamic forces and to develop and improve analytical calculation models for the simulation of excitation and vibration behaviour.
Institute of Machine Elements
191
Topics: Efficiency In addition to sufficient load-carrying capacity and good noise characteristics, research is increasingly focusing on the efficiency performance of gears. Efficiency investigations on oil- or grease-lubricated cylindrical gears are carried out with the FZG efficiency test rigs under different operating conditions.
In parallel, oil distribution and no-load losses are determined by means of CFD simulations and validated with results of experiments.
Efficiency test rig
Topics: Rolling Element Bearings
Rolling element bearings power loss test rig
Rolling element bearings are used for the guidance of axles and shafts, whereby they absorb radial and/or axial forces and simultaneously allow the rotation of the shaft or of the mounted components. Thus the friction and power loss should be kept to a minimum. With the bearing power loss test rig of the FZG, the bearing losses under load or no-load can be measured for various bearing arrangements. These results then can be used for the validation of the common calculation methods for the determination of the bearing losses. Taking bearing losses in the test rig into
account, the resulting gearing losses can be determined. Wear and frictional behaviour of bearings depend on the lubricant used. Evaluation of lubricant samples is possible on the roller bearing lubricant test rig FE-8, according to DIN 51819, for the determination of anti-wear capacity. Projects: n FVA project ‘Lebensdauer-Industrie getriebe Wälzlager IV’ n FVA project ‘Low Friction, Lager 2 (Wälzlager Reibungsberechnung)’
Topics: Fatigue Life Analysis In the context of fatigue life analysis, the fatigue life of gears can be determined under time-varying operating conditions, e.g. for vehicles and industrial applications. Load, temperature and speed spectra, which are determined from real operating conditions and modified
192
Institute of Machine Elements
for operation in the test rig, are used to investigate this fatigue life. In pulsators or back-to-back gear test rigs with hydraulic load application the load can be varied during the operation according to these load spectra. Thus fatigue life investigations are possible.
Topics: Alternative Materials, Composites and Coatings Plastic gears can be advantageous in specific transmission applications. The high material damping has a positive effect on the noise behaviour, the low mass and mass inertia can be distinguished in transmissions, which are subject to high accelerations. The main advantage of plastic gears is their dry run capability. This makes them ideal for applications e.g. in the field of medical technology, food processing or the printing industry, where lubrication is not possible for func tional or hygienic reasons. High friction losses in the dry run capability of plastic gears limit the transmittable power from a thermal viewpoint. Loss-optimised gears exhibit significantly lower friction losses by concentrating the meshing around the pitch point.
A composite structure, in which the teeth are made of steel and the wheel body is made of plastic, combines the advantages of steel and plastic gearings. Besides increasing the lightweight design potential, it is possible to manipulate the dynamic system behaviour favourably by using composite gears. Moreover the tribological properties and the flank load-carrying capacity of steel gearings can be opti mised by using extremely hard coatings e.g. amorphous carbon coatings. The impact of such coatings on efficiency and fatigue life is investigated at FZG. Projects: n DFG project ‘Kunststoffzahnräder’ n Bayr.F.St. project ‘Kronenradverzahnungen’
Topics: Drive Systems/Electromechanical Drives The demand for sustainable mobility requires the development of innovative drive systems with optimised energy management. One opportunity of realising this is represented by hybrid drive systems, which are a combination of several different power sources and aggregates. The research into hybrid drive systems at the FZG has been carried out since 1993. The main topics are conception and simulation of hybrid drive systems. For the development of alternative drive systems, special simulation tools have been engineered to evaluate the properties of drive concepts. The aim of complete vehicle simulations is the determination of fuel economy and driving dynamics for different driving cycles and manoeuvres. A variety of configurations and parameters must be identified for concept studies; especially high requirements are necessary with respect to the computational time of simulation models. Nevertheless a high degree of flexibility and expandability must be given in order to detail the vehicle models for further analysis.
A special highlight in this field is the ‘Active Differential’. The lightweight, compact and efficient system with torque vectoring function in the drive train of MUTE (TUM electric vehicle) offers a high potential for increasing driving dynamics and recuperation performance. The aim of the project Speed2E is the development, optimization and construc tion of a high speed powertrain for electrical automotive applications, which allows a tripling of motor speed. During the project aspects like efficiency, tooth excitation and vibration transmissions are considered. Projects: n BMBF project ‘VisioM’ n DFG project ‘Split-Verbrennungsmotor’ n BMWi/DLR project ’Speed2E – Hochdrehzahl-Getriebe’ n StMWMET project ‘FZG-Augsburg Ressourceneffiziente Antriebstechnik’ n StMWIVT project ‘Elmech’
Institute of Machine Elements
193
Research Focus n Experimental examinations and simulations of gear systems and components n Load-carrying capacity, efficiency and NVH of cylindrical, bevel, hypoid and worm gears n Durability and friction behaviour of multidisc clutches and synchronizers Competence n Calculation, simulation and experimental analysis of load-carrying capacity, efficiency and NVH of gears n Standardisation: DIN/ISO/CEC n FVA/VDI/DGMK n Failure analysis, seminars, trainings Infrastructure n Test facility (> 80 test rigs) n Measuring laboratory (3D-surface measurement system) n Materials laboratory (SEM) n Lubricants laboratory n Electro/electronic laboratory n Workshop (turning, round/flat grinding machine) n Gear grinding machine LGG 280 Courses n Machine Elements I + II n Drive-Systems Technology for Vehicles n High-performance Gears for Marine Drives, Wind Energy Plants and Industrial Applications n Design of Gear Boxes with Cylindrical Gears n Bevel and Hypoid Gears for Vehicle Drive Systems n Special Section Machine Elements – Rolling Pairing n Synchromesh Systems and Multidisc Clutches
194
Institute of Machine Elements
Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Karsten Stahl, Director Emeritus Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Bernd-Robert Höhn Adjunct Professors Prof. Dr.-Ing. Manfred Hirt Dr.-Ing. Burkhard Pinnekamp, Renk AG Dr.-Ing. Joachim Thomas, Voith AG Administrative Staff Kornelia Güth Barbara Ehrenhöfer Cornelia Kirsten (till 12/2013) Sigrid Mayr Heidrun Wolf Robert Rauschmayer Department Leaders Dr.-Ing. Josef Mayer (Post Doc, till 10/14) Dr.-Ing. Michael Otto Dr.-Ing. Hermann Pflaum Dr.-Ing. Johann-Paul Stemplinger (Post Doc) Dr.-Ing. Thomas Tobie Senior Engineers Dr.-Ing. Klaus Michaelis Dr.-Ing. Peter Oster Research Scientists – Team Leaders Dipl.-Ing. Florian Dobler Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Dräxl Dr.-Ing. Matthias Fürstenberger (Post Doc, till 12/13) Dr.-Ing. Michael Heider (till 03/14) Dr.-Ing. Sebastian Idler (Post Doc) Dipl.-Ing. Daniel Kadach Thomas Lohner, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Werner Sigmund Dr.-Ing. Florian Wohlleber (Post Doc, till 01/14)
Research Scientists Dipl.-Ing. Robert Acuner Dipl.-Ing. Markus Baar Sabrina Bansemir, M.Sc. Jens Bihr, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Ivan Boiadjiev Sebastian Born, M.Sc. (till 10/14) Dipl.-Ing. Markus Daffner Dipl.-Ing. Rui Dai Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Dobler Martin Ebner, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Christian Engelhardt Dipl.-Ing. Michael Felbermaier Dr.-Ing. Matthias Fürstenberger Dipl.-Ing. Patrick Fischer Dipl.-Ing. Maximilian Fromberger Dipl.-Ing. Johannes Geiger Dipl.-Ing. Philipp Gwinner Dipl.-Ing. Christian Güntner Dipl.-Ing. Christian Hasl Dipl.-Ing. Michael Hein Dr.-Ing. Matthias Hensel (till 05/14) Dr.-Ing. Michael Hinterstoißer (till 12/13) Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Jurkschat Dipl.-Ing. Bernhard Kohn Dipl.-Ing. Johannes König Dr.-Ing. Andreas Langheinrich (till 03/13) Hua Liu, M.Sc. Dr.-Ing. Peter Matt Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Georg Johann Meingaßner Dipl.-Ing. Benedikt Neubauer Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Christoph Nitsch Dipl.-Ing. Jan Parlow Tobias Paucker, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Tobias Reimann
Dipl.-Ing. Eva-Maria Reitinger Dipl.-Ing. Hansjörg Schultheiß Dipl.-Ing. Stefan Schurer Martin Sedlmair, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Maximilian Strebel Dipl.-Ing. Thanak Utakapan Dipl.-Ing. Katharina Völkel Christian Weber, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Alexander Weigl Uwe Weinberger, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Carolin Wickborn Dipl.-Ing. Maximilian Zimmer Dipl.-Ing. Bernd Zornek Technical Staff Markus Pflügler Reiner Duschek Karl Maier Richard Brandoni Franz Hofmann Robert Kiermeier Harald Mayr Heiko Preuß Thomas Rath Oliver Timm Christian Weber Klaus Winkler Wilma Leykamm Ingeborg Brodschelm Marco Breidinger Ralf Kiepfer Josef Pöllner Ferdinand Biehaule Christopher Neufeld Tobias Schneider
Publications 2013-14 n Stahl, K.; Mayer, J.; Geiger, J.: Wirkungsgradverbesserung in Getrieben – Einfluss von Verzahnung und Schmierstoff am Beispiel eines PKW Getriebes. GETPRO. 4. Kongress zur Getriebeproduktion, Würzburg (2013). n Stahl, K.; Pflaum, H.; Acuner, R.: Reibungszahl-Screeningtest für Lamellenkupplungen mit Papierreibbelag. VDI-Fachtagung Kupplungen und Kupplungssysteme in Antrieben. Kupplungen und Kupplungssysteme in Antrieben 2013, Karlsruhe (2013). n Stahl, K.; Pflaum, H.; Bäumler, R.; Wohlleber, F.; Hasl, C.: Elektromechanisch aktuierte, bedarfsgerechte Lastschaltkupplung. VDI-Mechatroniktagung. Mechatronik 2013, Aachen (2013).
n Schultheiß, H.; Tobie, T.; Michaelis, K.; Stahl, K.: Grease Lubrication – Wear behavior of gears lubricated with NLGI 00 greases at low speeds. STLE. 2013 STLE Annaual Meeting & Exhibition, Detroit (2013). n Stahl, K.; Pflaum, H.; Meingaßner, G. J.; Ulbrich, H.; Mair, C.; Mayet, J.; Lohmann, B.; Pfleghaar, J.: Test Rig Design for Investigations on Torsional Vibration Isolation Units. CTI – Car Training Institute. 7th International CTi Symposium and Exhibition – Innovative Automotive Transmissions, Hybrid & Electric Drives, Rochester, MI (2013). n Stahl, K.; Pflaum, H.; Hensel, M.: Methods for performance evaluation of lubricants and friction materials in wet multiple disc clutches in axle brake applications. VDI. Getriebe in Fahrzeugen 2013/ Drivetrain for Vehicles 2013 – VDI-Berichte 2187, Friedrichshafen (2013).
Institute of Machine Elements
195
n Stahl, K.; Pflaum, H.; Idler, S.: Investigations on the scuffing resistance of belt and chain continuously variable transmissions. VDI. Getriebe in Fahrzeugen 2013/Drivetrain for Vehicles 2013 – VDI-Berichte 2187, Friedrichshafen (2013). n Stahl, K.; Höhn, B.-R.; Michaelis, K.; Mayer, J.: Fuel Economy Lubricants in Manual and Dual-Clutch Transmissions. VDI. Getriebe in Fahrzeugen 2013/ Drivetrain for Vehicles 2013 – VDI-Berichte 2187, Friedrichshafen (2013). n Wirth, C.; Höhn, B.-R.; Braykoff, C.: New Methods for the Calculation of the Load Capacity of Bevel and Hypoid Gears. Gear Technology Vol. 30, No. 4, pp. 44-54 (2013). n Stahl, K.; Mayer, J.; Hinterstoisser, M.: Minimising gear losses. ASME. ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (DETC2013), Portland, Oregon, USA (2013). n Stahl, K.; Höhn, B.-R.; Tobie, T.: Tooth flank break age – influences on subsurface initiated fatigue failures of case hardened gears. ASME. ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Confer ences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (DETC2013), Portland, Oregon, USA (2013). n Stemplinger, J.-P.; Stahl, K.; Höhn, B.-R.; Tobie, T.; Michaelis, K.: Analysis of lubrication supply of gears lubricated with greases NLGI 1/2 and the effects on load-carrying capacity and efficiency. World Tribology Congress. World Tribology Congress 2013, Torina, Italy (2013). n Concli, F.; Gorla, C.; Stahl, K.; Höhn, B.-R.; Michaelis, K.; Schultheiß, H.; Stemplinger, J.-P.: Load independent power losses of ordinary gears: numerical and experimental analysis. World Tribology Congress. World Tribology Congress 2013, Torina, Italy (2013). n Stahl, K.; Michaelis, K.; Mayer, J.; Weigl, A.; Lohner, T.; Omasta, M.; Hartl, M.; Krupka, I.: Theoretical and experimental investigations on EHL point contacts with different entrainment velocity directions. World Tribology Congress. World Tribology Congress 2013, Torina, Italy (2013). n Bretl, N.; Schurer, S.; Tobie, T.; Stahl, K.; Höhn, B.-R.: Investigations on Tooth Root Bending Strength of Case Hardened Gears in the Range of High Cycle Fatigue. AGMA. AGMA 2013 Fall Technical Meeting, Indianapolis, USA (2013). n Stahl, K.; Otto, M.; Zimmer, M.: Striving for High Load Capacity and Low Noise Excitation in Gear Design. AGMA. AGMA 2013 Fall Technical Meeting, Indianapolis, USA (2013). n Beulshausen, J.; Geiger, J.; Pischinger, S.; Höhn, B.-R.: Energieeffizienter Antriebsstrang durch Reibungsminimierung. ATZ 115, Issue: 10, pp. 828-34 (2013). n Stemplinger, J.-P.; Stahl, K.; Höhn, B.-R.; Tobie, T.; Michaelis, K.: Untersuchungen zur Schmierung und Tragfähigkeit von Zahnrädern bei Einsatz von Schmierfetten hoher Konsistenz. GfT/DGMK. 54. Tribologie-Fachtagung, Göttingen (2013). n Heider, M.; Bihr, J.; Otto, M.; Höhn, B.-R.; Stahl, K.: Vibration excitation of a planetary gear stage. VDI. International Conference on Gears, München (2013). n Stahl, K.; Höhn, B.-R.; Schudy, J.; Tobie, T.; Zornek, B.: Investigations on the Flank Load Carrying Capacity of Internal Gears. VDI. International Conference on Gears, Munich (2013). n Stahl, K.; Höhn, B.-R.; Michaelis, K.; Hinterstoisser, M.; Mayer, J.: Influence of Surface Texture and Coating on the Coefficient of Friction in EHL Contacts. VDI. International Conference on Gears, Munich (2013).
196
Institute of Machine Elements
n Höhn, B.-R.; Stahl, K.; Gwinner, P.: Improved Efficiency for High-Ratio Planetary Gear Transmissions – Low-loss Wolfrom transmission for wind turbines. VDI. International Conference on Gears, Munich (2013). n Stahl, K.; Höhn, B.-R.; Michaelis, K.; Tobie, T.; Stemplinger, J.-P.: Grease Lubrication of Gears – Load Carrying Capacity and Efficiency. VDI. International Conference on Gears, Munich (2013). n Stahl, K.; Höhn, B.-R.; Otto, M.; Monz, A.: Load capacity and efficiency of grease lubricated worm gears. VDI. International Conference on Gears, Munich (2013). n Höhn, B.-R.; Stahl, K.; Gwinner, P.: Light-Weight Design for Planetary Gear Transmissions. Gear Technology 30, Heft: 6, pp. 96-103 (2013). n Miyata, S.; Höhn, B.-R.; Michaelis, K.; Kreil, O.: Temperature Rise Analysis in Traction Contact Areas of Toroidal CVTs. Motion & Control – NSK Technical Journal, Heft: 23, pp. 1-8 (2013). n Stemplinger, J.-P.; Stahl, K.; Höhn, B.-R.; Tobie, T.; Michaelis, K.: Analysis of lubrication supply of gears lubricated with greases NLGI 1 and 2 and the effects on load-carrying capacity and efficiency. NLGI. NLGI 80th Annual Meeting, Tucson, Arizona (2013). n Stahl, K.; Höhn, B.-R.; Tobie, T.: Tooth Flank Breakage – Influences on Subsurface initiated Fatigue Failures of Case Hardened Gears. BGA – British Gear Association. Gears 2013 – Technical Awareness Seminar, Staffordshire (2013). n Fürstenberger, M.; Oster, P.; Stahl, K.; Höhn, B.-R.: Leistungssteigerung von Kunststoffzahnrädern durch verlustoptimierte Verzahnungsgeometrien. Konstruktion, Heft: 11/12-2013, pp. 78-82 (2013). n Stahl, K.; Pflaum, H.; Meingaßner, G. J.; Ulbrich, H.; Mair, C.: Isolation of Torsional Vibrations in Automotive Applications – Passive Switching Isolator PSI. CTI – Car Training Institute. 12th International CTI Symposium ‘Automotive Transmissions, HEV and EV Drives’, Berlin (2013). n Strebel, M.; Wirth, M.; Pflaum, H.; Stahl, K.: Schleppverluste in Synchronisierungen. FVA. GETLUB – Tribologie- und Schmierstoffkongress, Mannheim (2014). n Hensel, M.; Pflaum, H.: Einfluss der thermischen Beanspruchung auf die Schädigung nasslaufender Lamellenkupplungen. FVA. GETLUB – Tribologieund Schmierstoffkongress, Mannheim (2014). n Brögelmann, T.; Mayer, J.; Bobzin, K.; Bagcivan, N.; Hinterstoisser, M.; Michaelis, K.; Stahl, K.: Reibungsminimierung in geschmierten Kontakten. FVA. GETLUB – Tribologie- und Schmierstoffkongress, Mannheim (2014). n Schultheiß, H.; Tobie, T.: Einfluss verschiedener Schmierfettkomponenten auf das LangsamlaufVerschleißverhalten einsatzgehärteter Zahnrad paarungen. FVA. GETLUB – Tribologie- und Schmierstoffkongress, Mannheim (2014). n Stemplinger, J.-P.: An open and shut case, greases for gear applications. Axel Christiernsson – White Paper Lubrisense (2014). n Bretl, N.; Schurer, S.; Tobie, T.; Stahl, K.; Höhn, B.-R.: Resistenza a flessione – al piede dei denti di ingranaggi cementati. Organi di Trasmissione, Issue: 03/2014, pp. 28-32 (2014). n Monz, A.; Frank, H.; Höhn, B.-R.: Schmierfette für Langsamlauf und hohe Last. FVA. GETLUB – Tribologie- und Schmierstoffkongress, Mannheim (2014). n Hein, M.; Ziegler, A.; Tobie, T.; Stahl, K.: System service life testing: shortened test method for vehicle transmissions. VDI. Getriebe in Fahrzeugen 2014/Drivetrain for Vehicles 2014, Friedrichshafen (2014).
n Acuner, R.; Völkel, K.; Pflaum, H.; Stahl, K.: Influence of Cone-Angle-Difference on Performance of Synchonizers with Carbon Friction Linings. VDI. Getriebe in Fahrzeugen 2014/Drivetrain for Vehicles 2014, Friedrichshafen (2014). n Meingaßner, G. J.; Mayet, J.; Pflaum, H.; Ulbrich, H.; Rixen, D.; Stahl, K.: Innovative Centrifugal Pendulum Absorber SCPA – Synchronous Centrifugal Pendulum Absorber. VDI. Getriebe in Fahrzeugen 2014/Drivetrain for Vehicles 2014, Friedrichshafen (2014). n Nitsch, C.; Otto, M.; Heider, M.; Höhn, B.-R.; Stahl, K.: Dynamic Behavior of Steel-Polymer-Compound-Gears. VDI. Getriebe in Fahrzeugen 2014/ Drivetrain for Vehicles 2014, Friedrichshafen (2014). n Acuner, R.; Pflaum, H.; Stahl, K.: Friction Screening Test For Wet Multiple Disc Clutches With Paper Type Friction Material. STLE 2014. Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers, Lake Buena Vista, Florida (2014). n Idler, S.; Pflaum, H.; Stahl, K.: Investigations on the scuffing resistance of belt and chain type continuously variable transmissions. CTI – Car Training Institute. 8th International CTI Symposium – Automotive Transmissions, HEV and EV Drives, Rochester, MI (2014). n Fischer, P.; Pflaum, H.; Stahl, K.; Bergmaier, J.; Wachtmeister, G.: Concept of a clutch unit for a split-crankshaft ice. CTI – Car Training Institute. 8th International CTI Symposium – Automotive Transmissions, HEV and EV Drives, Rochester, MI (2014). n Bergmaier, J.; Wachtmeister, G.; Fischer, P.; Pflaum, H.; Stahl, K.: Split-crankshaft engine: concept for a combustion engine with a two-piece disengageable crankshaft. FKFS – Forschungsinstitut für Kraftfahrwesen und Fahrzeugmotoren Stuttgart. Automotive and Engine Technology, Stuttgart (2014). n Boiadjiev, I.; Witzig, J.; Tobie, T.; Stahl, K.: Tooth flank fracture – basic principles and calculation model for a sub surface initiated fatigue failure mode of case hardened gears. LaMCoS ECAM INSA cnrs UNIVERSITE DE LYON. International Gear Conference 2014, Lyon Villeurbanne, France (2014). n Stahl, K.; Michaelis, K.; Mayer, J.; Weigl, A.; Lohner, T.; Omasta, M.; Hartl, M.; Krupka, I.: Theoretical and Experimental Investigations on EHL Point Contacts with Different Entrainment Velocity Directions. Tribology Transactions, only available online (2013). n Lohner, T.; Merz, R.; Mayer, J.; Michaelis, K.; Kopnarski, M.; Stahl, K.: On the Effect of Plastic Deformation (PD) Additives in Lubricants. European Symposium on Friction, Wear and Wear Protection 2014, only available online (2014). n Reimann, T.; Stemplinger, J.-P.; Stahl, K.: Der Fresstest A/44/Cr – eine Methode zur Prüfung des Fressund Verschleißverhaltens von Hypoidölen. GfT. Reibung, Schmierung und Verschleiß – Forschung und praktische Anwendungen, Göttingen (2014). n Sigmund, W.; Stemplinger, J.-P.; Otto, M.; Stahl, K.: Berechnung und Auslegung von Schraubradgetrieben. FVA. SIMPEP, Koblenz/Lahnstein (2014).
n Parlow, J.; Otto, M.; Stahl, K.: Anwendungsflexible Getriebeauslegung nach Wunsch. FVA. SIMPEP, Koblenz/Lahnstein (2014). n Born, S.; Sigmund, W.; Stemplinger, J.-P.; Otto, M.; Stahl, K.: SNESYS – Auslegungs- und Berechnungssoftware für Schneckengetriebe. FVA. SIMPEP, Koblenz/Lahnstein (2014). n Neubauer, B.: Effiziente Lastverteilungsberechnung und Korrekturauslegung in Planetengetriebesystemen. FVA. SIMPEP, Koblenz/Lahnstein (2014). n Bihr, J.; Heider, M.; Otto, M.; Stahl, K.; Kume, T., Kato, M.: Gear noise prediction in automotive transmissions. LaMCoS ECAM INSA CNRS Université de Lyon.. International Gear Conference 2014, Lyon Villeurbanne, France (2014). n Stemplinger, J.-P.; Stahl, K.; Höhn, B.-R.; Tobie, T.; Michaelis, K.: Analysis of lubrication supply of gears lubricated with greases NLGI 1 and 2 and the effects on load-carrying capacity and efficiency. NLGI Spokesman 78, Issue: 1, pp. 18-22 (2014). n Gwinner, P.; Otto, M.; Stahl, K.: Leightweight Torque-Vectoring Transmission for the Electric Vehicle Visio.M. Bayern Innovativ. Conference on Future Automotive Technology, Garching (2014). n Schultheiss, H.; Tobie, T.; Michaelis, K.; Höhn, B.-R.; Stahl, K.: The Slow-Speed Wear Behavior of Case-Carburized Gears Lubricated with NLGI 00 Grease under Boundary Lubrication Conditions. Tribology Transactions 57, Issue: 3, pp. 524-32 (2014). n Entress-Fürsteneck, A. von; Gwinner, P.; Otto, M.; Flügel, S.: Elektromechanischer Antriebsstrang mit Torque Vectoring. ATZ extra, Issue: Oktober, pp. 50-54 (2014). n Stahl, K.; Idler, S.; Poll, G.; Friedl, A.: Super-Hochdrehzahl-Konzept für den elektrifizierten Antriebsstrang. Konstruktion, Issue: 10 (2014). n Höhn, B.-R.; Stahl, K.; Gwinner, P.: Improved Efficiency for High-Ratio Planetary Gear Transmissions – Low-loss Wolfrom Transmission for Wind Turbines. Getriebe aktuell 1, Issue: 1, pp. 6-11 (2014). n Gwinner, P.; Otto, M.; Stahl, K.: Design of low excitation gearings for electric vehicles. CTI – Car Training Institute. 13th international CTI Symposium, Berlin (2014). n Rösler, S.; Fischer, P.: Erweiterung des aktiven Downsizings durch das Splitmotor-Konzept. Vortrag, Regensburg (2014). n Stemplinger, J.-P.: The outlook for energy and the role of synthetic lubricants in improving energy efficiency. Lecture, Amsterdam (2014). n Acuner, R.; Pflaum, H.; Stahl, K.: Influence of lubricant on friction and deterioration behavior of synchronizers with carbon friction linings. CTI – Car Training Institute. 13th International CTI Symposium, Berlin (2014). n Stemplinger, J.-P.; Stahl, K.: Untersuchungen zur Schmierung und Tragfähigkeit von Zahnrädern bei Einsatz von Schmierfetten hoher Konsistenz. Tribologie und Schmierungstechnik 61, Issue: 1, pp. 50-58 (2014).
Institute of Machine Elements
197
Institute of Automation and Information Systems Modeling of intelligent, reconfigurable, distributed cyber-physical production systems
n The focus of the Institute of Automation and Information Systems (AIS) in 2013-14 was to establish novel methods, approaches and tools to cope with the challenges that result from the increasing demand to produce customer-specific, individual products in the machine and plant manufacturing domain.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Birgit Vogel-Heuser Contact www.ais.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.16400
Therein, innovative approaches for Industrie 4.0-capable systems have been developed to support both the engineering and the operation of cyber-physical production systems. Among others, technologies and methods applied at AIS are agent-based and service-oriented approaches as well as modeling ap proaches – both semi-formal and formal – to provide novel concepts for designing and operating intelligent, reconfigurable, distributed cyber-physical production systems. Especially methods and technologies from the computer science domain are used and adapted to address the challenges in automation and in the machine and plant manufacturing domain. Moreover, taking the interaction with humans and machines into account, the methods and approaches developed at
AIS are analyzed and evaluated in realworld scenarios and together with experts from industry.
Research focus of the Institute of Automation and Information Systems
Intelligent, Reconfigurable, Distributed Cyber-physical Production Systems
Open research demonstrator „myJoghurt“. Starterkit available from http://i40d.ais.mw.tum.de/
198
Institute of Automation and Information Systems
Due to the ever-increasing complexity and dimensions in industrial automation, the distribution of intelligence and automation tasks among system components is necessary. The research topic’s main challenge is to explore the advantages of distributed systems such as enhanced reliability, reusability and modularity contrary to the main disadvantages e.g. the extended need of communication. Current researches deal with the implementation and optimization of distributed systems itself regarding functional and nonfunctional requirements. Several aspects of distributed systems are addressed. At AIS, notations, methods and tools are developed for the design of agentoriented automation software for ma chines and production plants in both the manufacturing and process automation domain. By that, the design, implemen
tation and operation of distributed, intelligent cyber-physical production systems can be simplified, comprehensibility can be increased and, thus, acceptance in industry can be enhanced. In 2014, AIS was able to establish a joined demonstrator ‘myJoghurt’ that shows the capabilities of agent-based approaches in the context of Industrie 4.0. In collaboration with 5 German institutes, this open research demonstrator and the agentbased architecture have been developed and established. Together with international robot companies the same architecture and platform was applied for a collaborative production. Using simple scenarios, the coupling of locally distributed production systems in an automatic and dynamic manner can be demonstrated.
Projects n BayFor Project – Automatische Codegenerierung für modulare Anlagen (Acoma) n BMBF Project – Sichere, dynamische Vernetzung in Operationssaal und Klinik (OR.NET) n DFG Project – Funktionaler Anwendungsentwurf für verteilte Automatisierungssysteme (FAVA) n DFG Project – Gesteigerte Flexibilität in heterogen aufgebauten Material flusssystemen auf Basis intelligenter Softwareagenten in selbstkonfigurierender Fördertechnik (iSikon)
Model-based Engineering of Variant-rich Interdisciplinary Manufacturing Systems In this field of research, the institute AIS investigates concepts and methods that address the model-based development of industrial production automation systems of different domains such as discrete manufacturing processes as well as continuous (chemical) production processes. A special focus is put on the interdisciplinary character of the design of industrial automation systems as well as on increasing the transparency and handling the complexity throughout the workflow of automation systems’ design and operation. In addition, concepts for the integration of energy aspects with the modeling of the operating performance (behavior) of production systems and automotive systems are explored. Therefore, different modeling languages are investigated and adapted for these different classes of mechatronic systems and corresponding editors and tool environments have been developed. For the coupling and synchronization of heterogeneous models, model transformations as well as formal methods for consistency checking have been investigated and successfully applied. Concerning the transfer of research results into industrial
Laboratory plant at the Institute for Automation and Information Systems with running UML State Chart in debug mode
applications, a major outcome of this field of research is the successful realization of approaches for model-based automation software development, code generation, and model-based debugging as well as software testing inside a development environment for automation software that is widely used in industry. Projects n AiF Project – Anforderungsbasierte Testfallentwicklung für die Funktionsprüfung mechatronischer Systeme (Artemis) n AiF Project – Steigerung der Zuverlässigkeit von Maschinen und Anlagen durch automatisiertes Testen von Fehlerbehandlungsroutinen in der Steuerungssoftware (ZuMaTra) Institute of Automation and Information Systems
199
n BMBF Project – Automatisches Gene rieren von Fertigungsmanagementsys temen (für die Lebensmittelindustrie) (AutoMES) n BMWi Project – Entwicklung eines Systems zum modellgestützten Energiemanagement von Produktionsanlagen in Echtzeit (morE) n DFG Project – Model-Driven Evolution Management Framework for Automation Systems (MoDEMAS) n DFG Projects – IT-Zyklen in transdisziplinären Innovationsprozessen, MGK:
Graduiertenkolleg des SFB 768, Formal Analyses of Heterogeneous Models (SFB 768) n IuK Bayern Project – Integrierter Modellierungsansatz für den Produktlebenszyklus auf Basis modularer Modelle (IMIP) n IuK Bayern Project – Modellbasiertes Testen von SPS-Steuerungssoftwarevarianten für den Sondermaschinenbau (MoBaTeSt)
Human-Machine Interaction as well as Data Integration and Processing to Support Humans
Exemplary 3D visualization of process and engineering data
This field of research addresses the design and evaluation of human-machineinterfaces (HMI) for operators as well as engineering support systems. The research field concerns supporting the operating personnel in training, commissioning, process monitoring, process optimizing, and diagnosis by means of appropriate visualization methods of process and message data during the operation phase of technical plants. The current trend in industry is to replace the classical 2D visualization systems in control rooms for process monitoring and
200
Institute of Automation and Information Systems
operation by new visualization technologies such as 3D visualization as well as augmented reality and their visualization on mobile devices. Today’s challenges cover the extraction of beneficial information from the rising flood of process data to e.g. detect faults. This information is collected by data aggregation and data analysis from many different data sources. Fault characteristics are not only characteristics indicating a fault, but also symptoms that indicate causal impact of a fault within a system. Based on this analysis the system can provide recommendations to the operator on how he has to intervene in the process. Projects n BMBF Project – Durchgängige Zuverlässigkeit im Einsatz Mobiler Manipulatoren (DrIEM) n KME Project – Gestaltungsempfeh lungen für einen ergonomischen Entwurf und flexible Systemarchitek turen von Touch-Interaktionskonzepten (Ge3stik) n Self-Funded Project – Structural Code Analysis for IEC 61131
Research Focus n Model-based engineering n Quality management n Distributed control systems n Cyber-physical production systems n Information processing n Human factors Competence n Improvement of the engineering during the whole life cycle of products and production lines for hybrid processes using and adapting methods from computer science, e.g. pattern recognition and software engineering. n In charge of the smart production scenario of the cyber physical systems road-map in close cooperation with market-leading companies. Infrastructure n Complex hybrid plant lab model, which operates with market leading automation devices n 48 modular production plants for C-programming in basic lectures n Pick and Place Unit-demonstrator for evolution in industrial plant automation Courses n Basics of Modern Information Technology I+II n Modeling and Simulation n Industrial Automation 1+2 n Development of Distributed Intelligent Embedded Mechatronic Systems n Industrial Software Engineering 1+2 Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Birgit Vogel-Heuser, Director
Research Scientists Thomas Aicher Ulrich Bührer Manuela Engels Stefan Feldmann Jens Folmer Dr.-Ing. Timo Frank Denise Gramß Johann Hufnagel Konstantin Kernschmidt Christoph Legat Felix Mayer Dorothea Pantförder Daniel Regulin Sebastian Rehberger Susanne Rösch Michael Schneider Daniel Schütz Alberto Streit Dmitry Tikhonov Sebastian Ulewicz Benedikt Weißenberger Technical Staff Karina Grimm Patrick Luxenburger Thomas Mikschl Andor Nagy Johannes Werner David Wottawa Apprentices Christian Gmeinwieser Tom Kaden Julian Schachermeier Doctoral Theses finished in 2014 Dr.-Ing. Gülden Bayrak Dr.-Ing. Timo Frank Dr.-Ing. Dorothea Pantförder
Adjunct Professors Dr.-Ing. Heiko Meyer Dr. Ulf Schünemann Administrative Staff Michaela Franke Irene Goros Elke Reichardt Patrizia Trostl
Institute of Automation and Information Systems
201
Publications 2013-14 Journal Articles n Duschl, K.; Gramß, D.; Obermeier, M.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Towards a Taxonomy of Errors in PLC Programming. Cognition, Technology & Work, 2014. n Folmer, J.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Computing Dependent Industrial Alarms for Alarm Flood Reduction. In: Transactions on Systems, Signals and Devices (TSSD), 2013. n Frank, T.; Eckert, K.; Hadlich, T.; Fay, A.; Diedrich, C.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Erweiterung des V-Modells® für den Entwurf von verteilten Automatisierungs systemen. In: Automatisierungstechnik (at), vol. 61, no. 2, 2013, pp. 79-91. n Legat, C.; Mund, J.; Campetelli, A.; Hackenberg, G.; Folmer, J.; Schütz, D.; Broy, M.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Interface Behavior Modeling for Automatic Verification of Industrial Automation Systems’ Functional Conformance. In: Automatisierungstechnik (at), vol. 62, no. 11, 2014, pp. 815-825. n Legat, C.; Schütz, D.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Automatic Generation of Field Control Strategies for Support ing (Re-)Engineering of Manufacturing Systems. In: Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, vol. 25, no. 5, 2013, pp. 1101-1111. n Li, F.; Legat, C.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Extension of Electronic Device Description Language for analysing change impacts in modular automation in manufacturing plants. In: Journal of Engineering Design, vol. 25, no. 1-3, 2014, pp. 125-149. n Obermeier, M.; Braun, S.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: A Model Driven Approach on Object Oriented PLC Programming for Manufacturing Systems with regard to Usability. In: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 2014. n Schütz, D.; Wannagat, A.; Legat, C.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Development of PLC-based Software for Increasing the Dependability of Production Automation Systems. In: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, vol. 9, no. 4, 2013, pp. 2397-2406. n Vogel-Heuser, B.: Usability experiments to evaluate UML/SysML-based Model driven Software Engineer ing Notations for logic control in Manufacturing Automation. In: Journal of Software Engineering and Applications, vol. 7, no. 11, 2014, pp. 943-973. n Vogel-Heuser, B.; Diedrich, C.; Broy, M.: Anforderungen an CPS aus Sicht der Automatisierungstechnik. In: Automatisierungstechnik (at), vol. 61, no. 10, 2013, pp. 669-676. n Vogel-Heuser, B.; Diedrich, C.; Fay, A.; Jeschke, S.; Kowalewski, S.; Wollschläger, M.; Göhner, P.: Challenges for Software Engineering in Automation. In: Journal of Software Engineering and Applications, vol. 7, no. 5, 2014. n Vogel-Heuser, B.; Folmer, J.; Frey, G.; Liu, L.; Hermanns, H.; Hartmanns, A.: Graphical Modeling of Networked Architectures and Real-Time-Requirements for the Analysis of Networked Automation Systems. In: Transactions on Systems, Signals and Devices (TSSD), vol. 9, no. 1, 2014. n Vogel-Heuser, B.; Folmer, J.; Legat, C.: Anforderungen an die Softwareevolution in der Automat isierung des Maschinen- und Anlagenbaus. In: Automatisierungstechnik (at), vol. 62, no. 3, 2014, pp. 163-174. n Vogel-Heuser, B.; Kormann, B.; Tikhonov, D.; Rösch, S.: Automatisierter modellbasierter Applikationstest für SPS Steuerungsprogramme auf der Basis von UML. In: Automatisierungstechnik (at), vol. 61, no. 6, 2013, pp. 382-392.
202
Institute of Automation and Information Systems
n Vogel-Heuser, B.; Legat, C.; Folmer, J.; Rösch, S.: Challenges of Parallel Evolution in Production Automation Focusing on Requirements Specification and Fault Handling. In: Automatisierungstechnik (at), vol. 62, no. 11, 2014, pp. 755-826. n Vogel-Heuser, B.; Schütz, D.; Frank, T.; Legat, C.: Model-Driven Engineering of Manufacturing Automation Software Projects - a SysML-based Approach. In: Mechatronics, vol. 24, no. 7, 2014, pp. 883-897. n Zhu, K.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Sparse representation and its applications in micro-milling condition monitoring: noise separation and tool condition monitoring. In: The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, vol. 70, no. 1-4, 2014, pp. 185-199.
Conference Publications n Abele, L.; Anic, M.; Gutmann, T.; Folmer, J.; Kleinsteuber, M.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: CombiningKnowledge Modeling and Machine Learning for Alarm Root Cause Analysis. In: IFAC Conference on Manufacturing, Modelling, Management and Control (MIM), Saint Petersburg, 2013, pp. 1843-1848. n Aicher, T.; Legat, C.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Einheitliche Parameterverwaltung mechatronischer Komponenten im Software-Engineering des Maschinen- und Anlagenbaus. In: Entwurf komplexer Automatisierungssysteme (EKA), 2014. n Barbieri, G.; Kernschmidt, K.; Fantuzzi, C.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: A SysML based design pattern for the high-level development of mechatronic systems to enhance re-usability. In: 19th IFAC World Congress, Kapstadt, 2014, pp. 3431-3437. n Duschl, K.; Obermeier, M.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: An Experimental Study on UML Modeling Errors and their Causes in the Education of Model Driven PLC Programming. In: IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), Istanbul, 2014, pp. 119-128. n Feldmann, S.; Kernschmidt, K.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Combining a SysML-based modeling approach and semantic technologies for analyzing change influences in manufacturing plant models. In: 47th CIRP Conference on Manufacturing Systems (CMS), 2014, pp. 451-456. n Feldmann, S.; Legat, C.; Kernschmidt, K.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Compatibility and Coalition Formation: Towards the Vision of an Automatic Synthesis of Manufacturing System Designs. In: 23rd IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE), Istanbul, 2014, pp. 1712-1717. n Feldmann, S.; Legat, C.; Schütz, D.; Ulewicz, S.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Automatic Rule-Based Inference of Control Software Capabilities Considering Interdisciplinary Aspects. In: International Conference on Production Research (ICPR), Iguassu Falls, 2013. n Feldmann, S.; Loskyll, M.; Rösch, S.; Schlick, J.; Zühlke, D.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Increasing Agility in Engineering and Runtime of Automated Manufacturing Systems. In: IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT), Kapstadt, 2013, pp. 1303-1308. n Feldmann, S.; Rösch, S.; Legat, C.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Keeping Requirements and Test Cases Consistent: Towards an Ontology-based Approach. In: 12th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN), Porto Alegre, 2014.
n Feldmann, S.; Rösch, S.; Schütz, D.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Model-Driven Engineering and Semantic Technologies for the Design of Cyber-Physical Systems. In: 11th IFAC Workshop on Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS), São Paulo, 2013, pp. 210-215. n Folmer, J.; Schuricht, F.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Detection of Temporal Dependencies in Alarm Time Series of Industrial Plants. In: 19th IFAC World Congress, Kapstadt, 2014, pp. 1802-1807. n Fuchs, J.; Feldmann, S.; Legat, C.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Identification of Design Patterns for IEC 61131-3 in Machine and Plant Manufacturing. In: 19th IFAC World Congress, Kapstadt, 2014, pp. 6092-6097. n Fuchs, J.; Legat, C.; Kernschmidt, K.; Frank, T.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Interdisziplinärer Produktlinien ansatz zur Unterstützung der Wiederverwendbarkeit im Maschinen- und Anlagenbau. In: Entwurf komplexer Automatisierungssysteme (EKA), 2014. n Gramß, D.; Frank, T.; Rehberger, S.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Consideration of personal factors of freshmen in mechanical engineering modeling and programming tasks in an E-learing environment. In: NETS2014, Singapore, 2014. n Hackenberg, G.; Campetelli, A.; Legat, C.; Mund, J.; Teufl, S.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Formal Technical Process Specification and Verification for Automated Production Systems. In: 8th System Analysis and Modelling Conference (SAM), Valencia, 2014. n Hashemi, M.; Feldmann, S.; Legat, C.; Folmer, J.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Modeling Multicore Programmable Logic Controllers in Networked Automation Systems. In: 39th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON), Vienna, 2013, pp. 4398-4403. n Haubeck, C.; Ladiges, J.; Fuchs, J.; Legat, C.; Lammersdorf, W.; Fay, A.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Interaction of Model-driven Engineering and Signal-based Online Monitoring of Production Systems. Accepted paper in: 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON), Dallas, 2014. n Holthusen, S.; Wille, D.; Legat, C.; Beddig, S.; Schaefer, I.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Family Model Mining for Function Block Diagrams in Automation Software. In: REVE held in conjunction with International Software Product Line Conference, Florence, 2014. n Hufnagel, J.; Frank, T.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Framework for a Model-Based, Cross-Domain System Interconnection in Automation Technology. In: 18th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA), Cagliari, 2013, pp. 1-9. n Kernschmidt, K.; Barbieri, G.; Fantuzzi, C.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Possibilities and challenges of an integrated development using a combined SysML-model and corresponding domain specific models. In: IFAC Conference on Manufacturing Modeling, Management and Control (MIM), Saint Petersburg, 2013, pp. 1465-1470. n Kernschmidt, K.; Behncke, F.; Chucholowski, N.; Wickel, M.; Bayrak, G.; Lindemann, U.; VogelHeuser, B.: An integrated approach to analyze change-situations in the development of production systems. In: 47th CIRP Conference on Manufactur ing Systems (CMS), 2014, pp. 148-153. n Kernschmidt, K.; Feldmann, S.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Analyse von Änderungsauswirkungen in langlebigen Automatisierungssystemen. In: 1st Collaborative Workshop on Evolution and Maintenance of LongLiving Systems (EMLS), Kiel, 2014, pp. 10-11. n Kernschmidt, K.; Klein, P.; Jazdi, N.; Göhner, P.; Weyrich, M.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Methodology for Identification of adaptive Reusable Modules in automated Production Systems. In: CIRP Design Conference, Bochum, 2013, pp. 125-135.
n Kernschmidt, K.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: An interdisciplinary SysML based modeling approach for analyzing change influences in production plants to support the engineering. In: 9th IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineer ing (CASE), Madison, 2013, pp. 1113-1118. n Kernschmidt, K.; Vogel-Heuser, B.; Barbieri, G.; Fantuzzi, C.: Interdisziplinäre modellbasierte Entwicklung mechatronischer Systeme basierend auf SysML zur Steigerung der Wiederverwendung. In: VDI Wissensforum – Automation, Baden-Baden, 2014. n Kernschmidt, K.; Wolfenstetter, T.; Münzberg, C.; Goswami, S.; Lindemann, U.; Krcmar, H.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Concept for an IntegrationFramework to enable the crossdisciplinary Development of Product-Service Systems. In: IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM), Bangkok, 2013. n Kohn, A.; Reif, J.; Wolfenstetter, T.; Kernschmidt, K.; Goswami, S.; Krcmar, H.; Brodbeck, F.; VogelHeuser, B.; Lindemann, U.; Maurer, M.: Improving common model understanding within collaborative engineering design research projects. In: Inter national Conference on Research into Design (ICoRD), Chennai, India, 2013, pp. 643-654. n Kohn, A.; Reif, J.; Wolfenstetter, T.; Kernschmidt, K.; Goswami, S.; Krcmar, H.; Brodbeck, F.; Vogel-Heuser, B.; Lindemann, U.: Improving Common Model Understanding Within Collaborative Engineering Design Research Projects. In: 4th International Conference on Research into Design (ICoRD’13), Chennai, India, 2013, pp. 643-654. n Kowal, M.; Legat, C.; Lorefice, D.; Prehofer, C.; Schäfer, I.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Delta Modeling for Variant-rich and Evolving Manufacturing Systems. In: 36th International Conference on Software Engineering Workshops (ICSE Workshops 2014), Hyderabad, 2014. n Legat, C., Seitz, C., Lamparter, S., and Feldmann, S.: Semantics to the Shop Floor: Towards Ontology Modularization and Reuse in the Automation Domain. In: 19th IFAC World Congress (IFAC 2014), Cape Town, 2014. n Legat, C.; Bührer, U.; Feldmann, S.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: An Approach for Discovering and Analyzing Implicit Architectural Designs in Field Level Automation Software. In: 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON), Dallas, 2014. n Legat, C.; Folmer, J.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Evolution in Industrial Plant Automation: A Case Study. In: 39th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON), Vienna, 2013, pp. 4386-4391. n Legat, C.; Steden, F.; Feldmann, S.; Weyrich, M.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Co-Evolution and Reuse of Automation Control and Simulation Software: Identification and Definition of Modification Actions and Strategies. Accepted paper in: 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON), Dallas, 2014. n Legat, C.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: A Multi-agent Architecture for Compensating Unforeseen Failures on Field Control Level. In: 3rd International Workshop on Service Orientation in Holonic and Multi Agent Manufacturing and Robotics, Valenciennes, 2013, pp. 195-208. n Legat, C.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: An Orchestration Engine for Service-oriented Field Level Automation Software. In: SOHOMA held in conjunction with the International Conference MOSIM, Nancy, 2014. n Lüder, A.; Göhner, P.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Agent based control of production systems. In: 39th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON), Vienna, 2013, pp. 7416-7421.
Institute of Automation and Information Systems
203
n Maisenbacher, S.; Kernschmidt, K.; Kasperek, D.; Vogel-Heuser, B.; Maurer, M.: Using DSM and MDM methodologies to analyze structural SysML models. In: IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM), Bangkok, 2013. n Mayer, F.; Legat, C.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Towards a Lightweight Platform for Realizing Agent-based Cyber-Physical Production Systems. In: 6. Expertenforum Agenten im Umfeld von Industrie 4.0, 2014, pp. 31-38. n Mayer, F.; Pantförder, D.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Design and implementation of an integrated, platform independent 3D visualization of complex process data. In: 12th IFAC, IFIP, IFORS, IEA Symposium on Analysis, Design, and Evaluation of HumanMaschine Systems (IFAC HMS), Las Vegas, 2013, pp. 317-323. n Mayer, F.; Ulewicz, S.; Rehberger, S.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Webbasierte Programmierung, Simulation und Steuerung von produktionstechnischen Schulungsanlagen. In: Automation, Baden-Baden, 2013. n Meyer, H.; Plössnig, J.; Weißenberger, B.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Energy Management based on a Hybrid Modeling Approach. In: IFAC Conference on Manufacturing, Modeling, Management and Control (MIM), Saint Petersburg, 2013, pp. 158-161. n Meyer, H.; Plössnig, J.; Weißenberger, B.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Modeling of Power Consumption in Manufacturing. In: IEEE Industrial Automation, Communication & Informatics (ICIT), Busan, 2014. n Meyer, H.; Plössnig, J.; Weißenberger, B.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Steigerung der Anlageneffizienz durch modellbasiertes Lastmanagement. In: VDI-Kongress Automation, Baden-Baden, 2013, pp. 327-332. n Regulin, D.; Krooß, C.; Rehberger, S.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Efficient Modeling of Mechatronic Systems Regarding Variety and Complexity in the Field of Automotive. In: 39th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON), Vienna, 2013, pp. 3505-3510. n Regulin, D.; Schneider, M.; Rehberger, S.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Automated model generation in the electrical automotive driveline components. In: 19th IFAC World Congress, Cape Town, 2014, pp. 4499-4504. n Rehberger, S.; Frank, T.; Mayer, F.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Benefit of an e-learning environment including real and simulated plants for teaching mechanical engineering freshman in programming C. In: 23rd IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE), Istanbul, 2014, pp. 2196-2201. n Rehberger, S.; Frank, T.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Benefit of e-learning teaching C-programming and software engineering in a very large mechanical engineering beginners class. In: IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), Berlin, 2013, pp. 1055-1061. n Rösch, S.; Tikhonov, D.; Schütz, D.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Model-based testing of PLC software: test of plants’ reliability by using fault injection on component level. In: 19th IFAC World Congress, Cape Town, 2014, pp. 3509-3515. n Schneider, M.; Bayrak, G.; Reinschke, J.; Al-Hage Ali, A.; Zindler, A.; Mettenleiter, M.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Prototypical Automatic Code Generation from Simulink to SPPA-T3000. In: 19th IFAC World Congress, Cape Town, 2014. n Schütz, D.; Legat, C.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: MDE of Manufacturing Automation Software - Integrating SysML and Standard Development Tools. Accepted paper in: 12th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN), Porto Alegre, 2014.
204
Institute of Automation and Information Systems
n Schütz, D.l.; Obermeier, M.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: SysML-based Approach for Automation Software Development – Explorative Usability Evaluation of the Provided Notation. In: 15th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HCI 2013), Las Vegas, 2013. n Streit, A.; Rösch, S.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Redeploy ment of Control Software during Runtime for Modular Automation Systems Taking Real-Time and Distributed I/O into Consideration. In: 19th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA), Barcelona, 2014. n Tikhonov, D.; Schütz, D.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Towards Industrial Application of Model-driven Platformindependent PLC Programming Using UML. In: 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON), Dallas, 2014. n Ulewicz, S.; Schütz, D.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Flexible Real Time Communication between distributed Automation Software Agents. In: International Conference on Production Research (ICPR), Iguassu Falls, 2013. n Ulewicz, S.; Schütz, D.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Integration of Distributed Hybrid Multi-Agent Systems into an Industrial IT Environment. Accepted paper in: 12th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN), Porto Alegre, 2014. n Ulewicz, S.; Schütz, D.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Software Changes in Factory Automation - Towards Automatic Change Based Regression Testing. In: 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON 2014), Dallas, 2014. n Ulewicz, S.; Schütz, D.; Vogel-Heuser, B.; Korajda, B.; Hess, D.: Modellbasierte Auswirkungsbewertung von Änderungen und Testanpassung für SPS-Steuerungssoftware im Maschinen- und Anlagenbau. In: VDI Wissensforum - Automation, Baden-Baden, 2014. n Vogel-Heuser, B.; Diedrich, C.; Fay, A.; Göhner, P.: Anforderungen an das Software-Engineering in der Automatisierungstechnik. In: Multikonferenz Software Engineering, 2013, pp. 51-66. n Vogel-Heuser, B.; Diedrich, C.; Pantförder, D.; Göhner, P.: Coupling heterogeneous production systems by a multi-agent based cyber-physical production system. Accepted paper in: 12th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN), Porto Alegre, 2014, pp. 719-725. n Vogel-Heuser, B.; Frank, T.; Rehberger, S.; Aicher, T.: Quality despite quantity – teaching large heterogenous classes in C programming and fundamentals in computer science. In: IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), Istanbul, 2014, pp. 367-372. n Vogel-Heuser, B: Quality despite quantity - teaching huge classes of freshman in C-programming and fundamentals in computer science. COBENGE 2013 – XLI Congresso Brasilieiro de Educação em Engenharia (Keynote Session), 2013. n Weyrich, M.; Göhner, P.; Dietrich, C.; Vogel-Heuser, B.; Fay, A.; Wollschläger, M.; Kowalewski, S.: Flexibles Management einer dezentralen Automatisierungsverbundanlage als Beispiel für Industrie 4.0. In: VDI-Kongress Automation (VDI KA 2014), Baden-Baden, 2014.
Book Sections n Feldmann, S.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Änderungsszenarien in der Automatisierungstechnik – Herausforderungen und interdisziplinäre Auswirkungen. In: Vogel-Heuser, B. (Ed.): Engineering von der Anforderung bis zum Betrieb, Kassel University Press GmbH, Kassel, 2013, pp. 95-108.
n Folmer, J.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Kenngrößenermittlung und -analyse für ein zustandsbasiertes Wartungsmanagement. In: Vogel-Heuser, B. (Ed.): Engineer ing von der Anforderung bis zum Betrieb, Kassel University Press GmbH, 2013, Kassel, pp. 63-78. n Frank, T.; Schütz, D.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Funktionaler Anwendungsentwurf für agentenbasierte, verteilte Automatisierungssysteme. In: Göhner, P. (Ed.): Agentensysteme in der Automatisierungstechnik, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 2013, pp. 3-19. n Friedrich, D.; Feldmann, S.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Modularisierung und Wiederverwendung in der Elektroplanung. In: Vogel-Heuser, B. (Ed.): Engineering von der Anforderung bis zum Betrieb. Kassel University Press, Kassel, 2013, pp. 28-40. n Fuchs, J.; Vogel-Heuser, B.; Tikhonov, D.: Analyse von Struktur und Modularität für die Steuerungssoftware. In: Vogel-Heuser, B. (Ed.): Engineering von der Anforderung bis zum Betrieb, Kassel University Press GmbH, Kassel, 2013, pp. 17-27. n Hametner, R.; Kormann, B.; Vogel-Heuser, B.; Winkler, D.; Zoitl, A.: Automated Test Case Generation for Industrial Control Applications. In: Gupta, G. S.; Bailey, D.; Demidenko, S.; Carnegie, D. (Eds.): Recent Advances in Robotics and Automation, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 2013, pp. 263-273. n Hess, D.; Hoos, J.; Schütz, D.; Feldmann, S.; Vogel-Heuser, B.:Automatisierungsarchitekturen für das Engineering von Cyber-Physical Systems. In: Vogel-Heuser, B. (Ed.): Engineering von der Anforderung bis zu Betrieb, Kassel University Press, Kassel, 2013, pp. 5-15. n Hufnagel, J.; Frank, T.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Modelllandschaft für eine modell-basierte Systemkopplung auf Basis der UML. In: Vogel-Heuser, B. (Ed.): Engineering von der Anforderung bis zum Betrieb, Kassel University Press GmbH, 2013, Kassel, pp. 79-93. n Legat, C.; Lamparter, S.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Knowledge-based Technologies for Future Factory Engineering and Control. In: Borangiu, T.; Thomas, A.; Trentesaux, D. (Eds.): Service Orientation in Holonic and Multi Agent Manufacturing and Robotics, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 2013, pp. 355-374. n Legat, C.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: A Multi-agent Architecture for Compensating Unforeseen Failures on Field Control Level. In: Borangiu, T. (Ed): Service Orientation in Holonic and Multi-Agent Manufactur ing and Robotics, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 2013, pp. 195-208. n Lüder, A.; Vogel-Heuser, B.; Göhner, P.: Y 4 Elektronische Datenverarbeitung – Agentenbasiertes Steuern. In: Grote, K.-H. (Ed.): Dubbel-Taschenbuch für den Maschinenbau, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 2014, pp. Y32-Y40. n Mayer, F.; Pantförder, D.; Diedrich, C.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Deutschlandweiter I4.0-Demonstrator – Technisches Konzept und Implementierung, 2013. n Pantförder, D.; Mayer, F.; Diedrich, C.; Göhner, P.; Weyrich, M.; Vogel-Heuser, B.:Agentenbasierte dynamische Rekonfiguration von vernetzten intelligenten Produktionsanlagen – Evolution statt Revolution. In: Bauernhansl, T.; ten Hompel, M.; Vogel-Heuser, B. (Eds.): Industrie 4.0 in Produktion, Automatisierung und Logistik, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 2014, pp. 145-158. n Pötter, T.; Folmer, J.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Enabling Industrie 4.0 – Chancen und Nutzen für die Prozessindustrie. In: Bauernhansl, T.; ten Hompel, M.; Vogel-Heuser, B. (Eds.): Industrie 4.0 in Produktion, Automatisierung und Logistik, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 2014, pp. 159-171. n Pötter, T.; Vogel-Heuser, B.; Pantförder, D.: Vorteile von Industrie 4.0 für die Prozessindustrie. In: Früh, K.F.; Maier, U.; Schaudel, D. (Eds): Handbuch der Prozessautomatisierung, DIV Deutscher Industrieverlag GmbH, 2014, pp. 45–56.
n Rösch, S.; Tikhonov, D.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Testen in der Automatisierungstechnik - Anforderungen und Lösungsansätze. In: Vogel-Heuser, B. (Ed.): Engineering von der Anforderung bis zum Betrieb, Kassel University Press GmbH, Kassel, 2013, pp. 41-50. n Schütz, D.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Werkzeugunterstützung für die Entwicklung von SPS-basierten Softwareagenten zur Erhöhung der Verfügbarkeit. In: Göhner, P. (Ed.): Agentensysteme in der Automatisierungstechnik, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 2013, pp. 291-303. n Vogel-Heuser, B., Kernschmidt, K.: Modellbasiertes disziplinübergreifendes Management von IT-Zyklen in Innovationsprozessen. In: Vogel-Heuser, B.; Lindemann, U.; Reinhart, G. (Eds.): Innovationsprozesse zyklenorientiert managen – Verzahnte Entwicklung von Produkt-Service Systemen. Springer Verlag, Berlin, 2014, pp. 30-44. n Vogel-Heuser, B.: Automation als Enabler für Industrie 4.0 in der Produktion auf Basis von Cyber Physical Systems. In: Vogel-Heuser, B. (Ed.): Engineering von der Anforderung bis zum Betrieb, Kassel University Press GmbH, Kassel, 2013, pp. 1-4. n Vogel-Heuser, B.; Göhner, P.; Lüder, A.: Agent based control of production systems – and its architectural challenges. In: Industrial Agents: Emerging Applications of Software Agents in Industry, Elsevier, to appear 2015. n Vogel-Heuser, B.; Legat, C.; Folmer, J.; Feldmann, S.: Researching Evolution in Industrial Plant Automation: Scenarios and Documentation of the Pick and Place Unit. Technical Report no. TUMAIS-TR-01-14-02, 2014. n Vogel-Heuser, B.; Rösch, S.: Integrated Modeling of Complex Production Automation Systems to Increase Dependability. In: Klüppelberg, C.; Straub, D.; Welpe, I. M. (Eds.): Risk - A Multidisciplinary Introduction, Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2014, pp. 363-385. n Vogel-Heuser, B.; Schütz, D.; Folmer J.; Legat C.: An assessment of the potentials and challenges in future approaches for automation software. In: Industrial Agents: Emerging Applications of Software Agents in Industry, Elsevier, to appear 2015. n Wannagat, A.; Schütz, D.; Vogel-Heuser, B.: Einsatz von Softwareagenten am Beispiel einer kontinuierlichen, hydraulischen Heizpresse. In: Göhner, P. (Ed.): Agentensysteme in der Automatisierungstechnik, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 2013, pp. 169-185.
Books n Bauernhansl, T.; ten Hompel, M.; Vogel-Heuser, B. (Eds.): Industrie 4.0 in Produktion, Automatisierung und Logistik. Springer Verlag, Berlin, 2014. n Vogel-Heuser, B. (Ed.): Agenten im Umfeld von Industrie 4.0. Sierke Verlag, 2014. n Vogel-Heuser, B. (Ed.): Engineering von der Anforderung bis zum Betrieb. Tagungen und Berichte. Kassel University Press GmbH, Kassel, 2013. n Vogel-Heuser, B., Lindemann, U., Reinhart, G. (Eds.): Innovationsprozesse zyklenorientiert managen – Verzahnte Entwicklung von Produkt-Service Systemen. Springer Verlag, Berlin, 2014.
Institute of Automation and Information Systems
205
Institute of Metal Forming and Casting Process and material qualification for metal forming, blanking and casting
n The Institute of Metal Forming and Casting focuses on the three production processes: casting, blanking and sheet metal forming. In 2013-14 over 40 scientists worked at the institute on research projects which vary from fundamental research to industrial application. Virtual production and simulation New technologies and processes in the field of casting Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wolfram Volk
New technologies and processes in the field of blanking
New technologies and processes in the field of metal forming
Process stability and capability
Contact www.utg.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.13790
A highlight was the in-situ temperature measurement in the shearing zone during the blanking process using the thermoelectric potential between tool and work piece. Another important milestone was the realization of a continuous composite casting process.
The institute organized several confer ences and workshops in 2013-14 of which the 6th Forming Technology Forum (Herrsching) and the 2nd utg-NSMLAB workshop (Seoul, Korea) were highlights.
Casting The research group ‘Casting’ focuses on: n Molding materials n Tool technology for gravity and high pressure die casting n Continuous casting n Residual stresses and material characterization In the casting industry, especially in the area of light metal casting, inorganic binder systems replace the existing organic binders. This provides economic and environmental advantages but requires a rethinking of well-known processes. Another trend in the automotive industry is the use of die cast structure parts replac ing sheet metal parts. Due to their highly complex geometries extensive research in the field of tool design is required. Continuous casting is a well-known production process. Our research here focuses on the developement of a continous compound casting process which saves production steps. The neutron source FRMII situated near the institute offers enormous possibilities
206
Institute of Metal Forming and Casting
3D-Coreprinter
in materials science. For instance the development of residual stresses during the cooling process of a cast part or the phase transformation kinetics in austempered ductile iron is investigated in-situ using neutron diffraction.
Projects n Designing of crashworthy vehicle structural components made from aluminum die-casts (BMW Landshut) n Development of a methodology for the advanced design of cooling systems in high pressure die casting dies (INI.TUM) n Energy- and material-efficient production of copper bilayer strips using compound casting (DBU) n FORPRO² – efficient product and process development by knowledgebased simulation (BFS) n Highly innovative production of efficient radial bearings (FFG)
n In-situ analysis of residual stresses in composite castings using neutron diffraction (DFG) n In-situ measurement of deformation induced formation of martensite in austempered ductile iron (ADI) (DFG) n Optimization of surface activation for thermally sprayed cylinder bores (BMW Landshut) n μ-FE and sensitivity analysis (BFS) n 3D printing of inorganic sand molds for casting applications (DBU)
Blanking The research group ‘Blanking’ focuses on: n Enhanced understanding of blanking processes n Wear of blanking tools n Optimization of materials and partquality In the sheet metal industry, blanking is a widely used process in all kinds of enterprises. To ensure the economic and technological forthcoming, fundamental and industrial research on this field is necessary. Recently a method to measure the temperature in the shearing zone during a blanking process in-situ and and instantaneous was established. To improve the lifetime of punching dies, the connection to the tool was the subject of large analyses. Acoustical adjustment of the dies could lead to higher durability. Another project focuses on how to diminish wear on the tools of a stamping process by specific voltage application. Under the influence of lateral forces during the stamping process the die clearance is altering, which can rise wear. Hence another project is dealing with the issue how to increase the stiffness of the stamping tool to prevent altering of the die clearance. Burr at blanked products is an undesirable property. For this reason an innovative tool concept is developed, which leads to burrfree sheared edges.
In the automotive industry highly-tensile steels are increasingly used. For the improvement of the edge-crack sensitivity, especially for these steels broad research efforts are made. The blanking of organically coated metal sheets is widely reviewed particularly due to the influence of oxidative wear of the tools and corro sion-resistance of the sheared edges. Projects n Burr-free sheared edges (AiF) n Development of a software-tool for the robust design of the shearing process of metallic multilayer materials without additional lubricant (DFG) n Dry punching of coated metal sheets (AiF) n Improvement of the formability of shea red egdes of iron-manganese metal sheets through optimized punching parameters (AiF) n Influence of process-related altering die clearance on tool wear (FOSTA Stahlanwendung e.V.) n In-situ temperature measurement while shearing (DFG) n Lubricant-free forming by affecting thermoelectric currents (DFG) n Optimization of die connections in punching tools (AiF) n Process enhancement for the application of high-tensile steels (AiF)
Cutting tool (left: top part, right: bottom part)
Institute of Metal Forming and Casting 207
Metal Forming
Kinematics of a high speed press
208
Institute of Metal Forming and Casting
The research group ‘Metal Forming’ focuses on: n Machinery n Processes n Geometry of components n Materials Increasing product standards and intensifying cost pressure reveals the need for improvement of machines and processes. In the case of forming technologies, the latter accompanies research activities in the fields of component geometry and materials. Therefore, new or existing processes are developed to be able to meet industrial requirements. Developing new drives for presses or investigating the dynamics of forming tools allows one to influence process characteristics and to adapt the process to the increasing requirements. Processes like automated driving or roller clinching reduce process times and increase the automation level. Research activities addressing the geometry of components lead to designs for simplified manufactur ing, smaller reachable tolerances and less deficient products. The characterization and optimization of material properties are topics essential for the comprehension and improvement of every forming process.
Projects n Automated copied driving – analysis and cataloging of components and manufacturing strategies (AiF) n Automated production of 2D sheet metal components by driving (DFG) n Connection optimization of progressive components (AiF) n Extended length of bending components – optibend (BFS) n Mechanical high speed press with linkage transmission (AiF) n Influence of the bending velocity on the springback and the mechanical properties of Mg sheets using technical processing (DFG) n Optimization of the properties of roller clinched joints (DFG) n Prevention of springback for structural components (AiF) n Prevention of surface deflections for sheet metal parts (AiF) n Texture optimization for the improve ment of forming and mechanical properties of Mg sheets using technical processing
Research Focus n Industrial engineering n Tool design n Engineering and planning processes
Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wolfram Volk, Director Prof. i.R. Dr.-Ing. Hartmut Hoffmann, Emritus
Competence n Process chain car body sheet n Alternative metal forming processes for small batch production and prototyping n Cutting surface quality, wear, accuracy n Tool technology n Molding materials n Continuous casting n Residual stress analysis and material characterization
Adjunct Professors Prof. Dr.-Ing. Walter Wohnig Prof. Dr. Horst-Henning Wolf Dr.-Ing. Wolfgang Blümlhuber Dr.-Ing. Carsten Intra
Infrastructure n Hydraulic press, high speed punching press, triple-action blanking press n 3D printer for inorganically bound core sands n Measurement instrumentation (residual stresses, surface, geometry, mechanical properties, …) n Various tools (cold and heated) n Stamping and bending machine n Rotational cutting line n Casting equipment n Craftformer n Core blowing machine (from 2015) n Workshop Courses n Principles of Engineering Design and Production Systems n Basics of Casting and Metal Forming (from winter semester 2014-15) n Metal Forming (until winter semester 2014-15) n Metal Forming Machines n Virtual Process Design for Metal Forming and Casting n Casting and Rapid Prototyping n Manufacturing Technologies n Marketing Engineering and Purchasing n Production Management in the Commercial Vehicle Sector n Development of Car Body Parts n Casting in Vehicle Construction
Administrative Staff Bettina Böhm Karin Engels Research Scientists Dr.-Ing. Roland Golle Prof. Dr.-Ing. Matthias Golle Dipl.-Ing. Robert Ramakrishnan Dipl.-Ing. Georg Baumgartner Dipl.-Ing. Martin Bednarz Dipl.-Ing. Tim Benkert ETH Ole Böttcher, M.Sc. Dr.-Ing. Quanji Cai Wan-gi Cha, M.Sc. Daniel Einsiedler, M.Eng. Dipl.-Ing. Martin Feistle Christian Gaber, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Benjamin Griebel Tobias Hammer, M.Sc. Florian Heilmeier, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Sven Jansen Dipl.-Ing. David Jocham Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Kopp Dipl.-Ing. Michael Krinninger Simon Maier, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Josef Mair Tim Mittler, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Christoph Nerl Ferdinand Neumayer, M.Sc. (TUM) Dipl.-Math. Daniel Opritescu Dipl.-Ing. Manuel Pintore Dipl.-Ing. Carolin Ranft Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Reihle Dipl.-Ing. Patrick Saal Dipl.-Ing. Peter Sachnik Dipl.-Ing. Sven Schreyer Marco Stüber, M.Eng. Joungsik Suh, M.Sc. Philipp Tröber M.Eng. Dipl.-Ing. Simon Vogt Dipl.-Ing. Annika Weinschenk Hannes Weiss, M.Sc.
Institute of Metal Forming and Casting 209
Dipl.-Ing. Maria Weiß Dipl.-Ing. Martin Wimmer Dipl.-Ing. Patrick Woisetschläger Dipl.-Wirt.-Ing. Thorsten Gläsner, external Dipl.-Ing. Michael Hörning, external Dipl.-Ing. Oliver Steibing, external Dipl.-Ing. Peter Sterionow, external
Technical Staff Corinna Sutter Tim Schönstädt Marco Olbrich-Baier Andreas Fuhrmann Philipp Mair
Publications: n Demmel, P.; Pazureck, A.; Golle, R.; Volk, W.; Hoffmann, H.: Characterization of the thermoelectric behavior of plastically deformed steels (2013). Journal of Electronic Materials, 42 (7), pp. 23712375. n Demmel, P.; Tröber, P.; Kopp, T.; Golle, R.; Volk, W.; Hoffmann, H.: Characterization of the thermoelectric behavior of plastically deformed steels by means of relative Seebeck coeffizient (2013). Materials Science Forum, 755, pp. 1-7. n Gläsner, T.; Sunderkötter, C.; Plath, A.; Bednarz, M.; Volk, W.; Hoffmann, H.; Golle, R.: Methods to decrease cut edge sensitivity of high strength steels (2014). Key Engineering Materials, 611-612, pp. 1294-1307. n Hippmann, S.; Li, Q.; Addinal, R.; Volk, W.: Carbon nanotubes-reinforced copper matrix composites produced by melt stirring (2013). Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part N: Journal of Nanoengineering and Nanosystems, 227 (2), pp. 63-66. n Kilic, E.; Siart, U.; Wiedenmann, O.; Faz, U.; Ramakrishnan, R.; Saal, P.; Eibert, T.F.: Cavity Resonator Measurement of Dielectric Materials Accounting for Wall Losses and a Filling Hole (2013). IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 62(2), pp. 401-407. n Kuppert, A.; Merklein, M.; Friebe, H.; Möller, T.; Hotz, W.; Volk, W.: Influence of strategy of evaluation on forming limit curve (2013). Materialpruefung/ Materials Testing, 55 (9), pp. 668-672. n Mair, J.; Canti, R.; Golle, R.; Volk, W.; Hoffmann, H.: Dynamic strength behaviour of punch connections in shear cutting processes (2013). Key Engineering Materials 549, pp. 262-269. n Meier, L.; Hofmann, M.; Saal, P.; Volk, W.; Hoffmann, H.: In-situ measurement of phase transformation kinetics in austempered ductile iron (2013). Mate rials Characterization, 85, pp. 124-133. n Nerl, C.; Wimmer, M.; Hoffmann, H.; Kaschnitz, E.; Langbein, F.; Volk, W.: Development of a continuous composite casting process for the production of bilayer aluminium strips (2014). Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 214 (7), pp. 1445-1455. n Ramakrishnan, R.; Griebel, B.; Volk, W; Günther, D.; Günther, J.: 3D Printing of Inorganic Sand Moulds for Casting Applications (2014). Advanced Materials Research, 1018, pp. 441-449.
210
Institute of Metal Forming and Casting
n Reihle, M.; Hofmann, M.; Wasmuth, U.; Volk, W.; Hoffmann, H.; Petry, W.: In-situ strain measurements during casting using neutron diffraction (2014). Materials Science Forum, 768-769, pp. 484491. n Rill, D.; Weiß, M.; Hoffmann, H.; Volk, W.: Simulation assisted analysis of material flow in roller clinched joints (2014). Advanced Materials Research, 966967, pp. 628-640. n Sachnik, P.; Volk, W.; Golle, R.; Hoffmann, H.: The influence of temperature on zinc abrasion in deep drawing processes (2014). Key Engineering Materials, 611-612, pp. 1039-1046. n Schöbel, M.; Baumgartner, G.; Gerth, S.; Bernardi, J., Hofmann, M.: Microstresses and crack formation in AlSi7MgCu and AlSi17Cu4 alloys for engine components (2014). Acta Materialia, 81, pp. 401-408. n Steentjes, S.; Franck, D.; Hameyer, K.; Vogt, S.; Bednarz, M.; Volk, W.; Dierdorf, J.; Hirt, G.; Schnabel, V.; Mathur, H. N.; Korte-Kerzel, S.: On the Effect of Material Processing: Microstructural and Magnetic Properties of Electrical Steel Sheets (2014). 4th International Conference on Electric Drive Production, EDPC 2014 – Proceedings, pp. 464-470. n Thoma, C.; Volk, W.; Heid, R.; Dilger, K.; Branner, G.; Eibisch, H.: High-Pressure Die Casting (HPDC), simulation, computational fluid dynamics (CFD ), correlation of mechanical properties, quality prediction (2014). International Journal of Metalcasting, 8, pp. 47-54. n Volk, W.; Kim, J.K.; Suh, J.; Hoffmann, H.: Anisotropic plasticity model coupled with strain dependent plastic strain and stress ratios (2013). CIRP Annals – Manufacturing Technology, 62 (1), pp. 283-286. n Volk, W.; Suh, J.: Prediction of formability for nonlinear deformation history using generalized forming limit concept (GFLC) (2013). AIP Conference Proceedings, 1567, pp. 556-561 n Wiedenmann, O.; Ramakrishnan, R.; Saal, P.; Kılıç, E; Siart, U.; Eibert, T.F.; Volk, W.: Local microwave heating of sand molds as a means to overcome design limitations in sand mold casting (2014). Advances in Radio Science, 12, pp. 21-28. n Weinschenk, A.; Volk, W.: Decrease of Springback by Geometrical Modification of the Sheet Metal Part (2014). Advanced Materials Research, 1018, pp. 227-284.
Institute of Internal Combustion Engines Engine design and simulation, combustion technologies, and experimental evaluation
n The focus of the Instiute of Internal Combustion Engines in 2013-14 was to connect theoretical and experimental methods of thermodynamic research on combustion processes. Optical measurement techniques are a powerful way of visualizing gas flow, fuel injection and combustion inside the cylinder of engines. High temperatures and pressures are challenges for the construction of optically accessible engines. A highlight was the completion and first operation of a new 0.5 l single cylinder research engine with full optical accessibility through the piston bowl and piston liner. The engine offers fully variable valve train and various gasoline combustion modes including conventional port fuel injection and direct injection with spark ignition or homogenous charge compression ignition (HCCI). The results are used to validate CFD calculations of gas flow, injection, and combustion in order to predict the in-cylinder processes. This helps to save time and costs for future developments. The launch of a new 5 l optical engine operated with natural gas is scheduled for 2015.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Georg Wachtmeister Contact www.lvk.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.24101
LVK 0.5 l optical single cylinder engine with laser sheet and gasoline flame luminescence
Combustion Technologies – CFD-Simulation – Emission Reduction – Injection Technology The reduction of engine emissions and fuel consumption are drivers for the improvement of combustion technology. Engines for gasoline, diesel and natural gas are developed and build at the Institute and are available for industrial or public-funded research projects. A key competence for the realisation of our engine concepts is the application of professional CFD simulation software, which is used to predict and optimize the gas exchange phase, in-cylinder swirl, tumble or turbulence and the phases of fuel injection, mixture formation and combustion. Simulation results are used to design improved geometries of the combustion chamber or injector nozzles and are then validated on one of our 13 engine test benches. Engine out emissions are measured by means of up-to-date FTIR technology and a modern particle
CFD calculation of injection process
Institute of Internal Combustion Engines
211
counting system. We use separate test benches to evaluate hydraulic behaviour and spray parameters of fuel injectors. Simulative and experimental tools allow fast and effective optimization of both emission behaviour and engine efficiency. Test runs on the research engines are planned and evaluated with statistical methods (design of experiments, DOE) to reduce time and costs for the testing procedure. Projects n FNR project ‘CH4 Emissionen’ n FVV project ‘THC Emissionen’
n BFS project ‘Effizienzsteigerung von Dual Fuel-Motoren bei Mitteldrücken > 24 bar’ n BFS project ‘Messung und Berechnung des Düsendurchflusses’ n BMWi project ‘Methodik’ n StaMWi project ‘OPTIMAL’ n DFG project ‘Optimierung des Einspritzverhaltens von Dieselinjektoren unter dem Einfluss von Alterungserscheinungen des Injektors’ n FVV/AiF project ‘Spritzlochgeometrie’ n Several projects funded by industry partners
Friction Measurement – Tribology – Engine Mechanics Piston, piston rings, liner and lubricating oil form a complex tribological system. A large range of relative velocities, pressures and temperatures have to be covered while the combustion chamber has to be sealed reliably. Friction has to be reduced as far as possible to avoid mechanical losses. A new research engine containing a measurement system using the floating liner method has been developed at the Institute and has been successfully applied under fired conditions. It allows to measure the friction forces between liner and piston precisely and can be used to optimize geometries, materials, and surface treatments. A second research engine has been built at the Institute that contains several sensors to determine secondary movements of the piston and the piston rings as well as the thickness of the oil layer in the friction combination with the liner. This equipment allows to optimize the tribological system and helps to reduce the introduction of oil into the combustion chamber or the transport of fuel into the lubricating oil.
212
Institute of Internal Combustion Engines
Research engine with friction measurement (floating liner)
Projects n FVV/AiF project ‘Kolbenring-Öltransport” n FVV/AiF project ‘Fuel in Oil” n FNR project ‘Ablagerungsbildungs mechanismen’ n DFG project ‘Entwicklung eines kostenu. verbrauchsgünstigen Split-Verbrennungsmotors’ n Several projects funded by industry partners
Alternative Fuels – Emission Measurement – Energy Management
Test bench with heavy-duty engine
Fossil fuels are becoming more and more scarce and european CO2 saving policies have been introduced to fight global warming. Combustion engines can reduce their output of GHG emissions and contribute to the transition towards alternative energy by enhancing the efficiency of energy conversion and by exploiting CO2 neutral primary energies. Sustainable biofuels and synthetic fuels can replace fossil fuels and offer the additional benefit of clean combustion. A detailed screening of various oxygen containing synthetic fuels was carried out at the Institute and oxymethylenether (OME1) was found to burn without particle emissions in a diesel engine even under unfavourable operating conditions. Modern methods for the measurement of ultra-low particle emissions are needed for this and other advanced engine concepts. Cooperating closely with the industry,
Ultra-low soot emissions with alternative diesel fuel
we help to improve such measurement techniques. Another field of our research is the utilisation of thermodynamic losses from coolant or exhaust. The thermodynamic rankine cycle for instance allows to harvest enthalpy from hot exhaust gas and produce electric power by means of a steam turbine. Projects n BFS project ‘Emissionsreduktion durch erneuerbare Kraftstoffanteile” n FVV project ‘H2 Zumischung Erdgas’ n FVV project ‘PN-Messverfahren’ n Several projects funded by industry partners
Institute of Internal Combustion Engines
213
Research Focus n Combustion technologies n Gas engines n Friction measurement n Fuel injection technologies n Alternative fuels and biofuels n Exhaust gas aftertreatment and measurement Competence n CAD construction n CFD calculation n Thermodynamic simulations n Hydraulic simulations n Mechanical simulations n Engine measurement techniques Infrastructure n Engine test rigs (13) n Gasoline, diesel and gas engines (>15) n Injection test rigs (2) n Optical and laser diagnostics n Mechanical workshop n Electronic workshop Courses n Combustion Engines n Engine Thermodynamics n Mechanics of Combustion Engines n Methods of Engine Calibration n Injection Technology n Measurement Techniques n Several Practical Courses Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Georg Wachtmeister Dr.-Ing. Maximillian Prager Dipl.-Ing. Martin Härtl Adjunct Professors Dr. Satoshi Kawauchi (since 04/14) Administrativ Staff Marita Weiler Sonja Zeilhofer Research Scientists Dipl.-Ing. Fabian Backes Dipl.-Ing. Laura Baumgartner (since 01/13) Dipl.-Ing. Johannes Bergmaier (until 01/14) Dipl.-Ing. Michael Bernath (until 12/13) Dipl.-Ing. Yves Compera (since 01/13) Robert Dohle, M.Sc. (since 11/14) 214
Institute of Internal Combustion Engines
Dipl.-Ing. Daniel Engelsmann (until 01/13) Stephan Gleis, M.Sc. (since 11/14) Dipl.-Ing. Stefan Graf Dipl.-Ing. Johannes Halbhuber (since 08/13) Dipl.-Ing. Alexander Heubuch (until 11/13) Dipl.-Ing. Benedikt von Imhoff Dipl.-Ing. Claus Kirner Dipl.-Ing. Christian Daniel Koch (since 12/14) Dipl.-Ing. Benjamin Korb Dipl.-Ing. Robert Kudicke (until 05/14) Dipl.-Ing. Qixong Li Dipl.-Phys. Thomas Maier Dipl.-Ing. Andre Merkle (until 06/13) Dipl.-Ing. Alexander Oliva Dipl.-Ing. Christian Pastötter (until 09/13) Dipl.-Ing. Johann Peer Dominik Pélerin, M.Sc. (since 03/14) Dipl.-Ing. Christian Pötsch Dipl.-Ing. Sebastian Rösler Dipl.-Ing. Franz Schauer (until 01/13) Carsten Schneider, M.Sc. (since 05/13) Dipl.-Ing. Alexander Schröder (since 11/14) Dipl.-Ing. Sebastian Schuckert Dipl.-Ing. Florian Schwarzmüller (until 12/13) Dipl.-Ing. Fabian Schweizer (since 05/14) Dipl.-Ing. Philipp Seidenspinner (until 01/14) Dipl.-Ing. Richard Stegmann Dipl.-Ing. Benedict Uhlig Dipl.-Ing. Stefan Weber Dr.-Ing. Martin Werner (until 04/13) Dipl.-Ing. Johann Wloka (until 04/14) Dipl.-Ing. Sebastian Wohlgemuth Dipl.-Ing. Katrin Wülfert (until 06/13) Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Zimmer Sebastian Zirngibl, M.Sc. (since 08/14) Technical Staff Dipl.-Ing. Frank Bär Martin Daniel Dipl.-Ing. Christian Hödl Mike Ostrowski (until 10/13) Patrick Ottiger Johann Schuster Ferdinand Springer Werner Straßer Edgar Thiele Dipl.-Ing. Ulrich Tetzner Markus Weiß Trainees Philipp Hell Daniel Höchtl (until 04/13) Fabiano Palfner da Paz (since 09/14)
Publications 2013-14 n Backes, F.; Oryoji, K.; Wachtmeister, G. (2013): 3D-CFD-simulation of Auto-Ignition in a Gasoline HCCI Engine with Detailed Reaction Kinetics. In: Journal of Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan 67 (9), pp. 45-49. n Bergmaier, J.; Wachtmeister, G.; Fischer, P.; Pflaum, H.; Stahl, K. (2014): Split-crankshaft engine: concept for a combustion engine with a two-piece disengageable crankshaft. In: 14. Internationales Stuttgarter Symposium ‘Automobil und Motorentechnik’. FKFS. n Bernath, M.; Swoboda, J.; Ille, Th.; Wachtmeister, G. (2014): Dynamic Vehicle Model for the Systems Engineering of Thermal Management and Waste Heat Recovery Concepts on Commercial Vehicles. In: FISITA 2014 World Automotive Congress Conference. n Bernath, M.; Swoboda, J.; Karl, C. (2013): Simulationsmethodik zur Wärmerekuperation für Nutzfahrzeuge. Abschlussbericht. Bayerische Forschungsstiftung. n Graf, S.; Wachtmeister, G. (2013): Messung der Kolbengruppenreibung – Herausforderungen und Erkenntnisse. In: 11. Symposium Trends in der Motorentechnologie. Bayern Innovativ. n Halbhuber, J.; Werner, M.; Fröhlich, S.; Wachtmeister, G. (2013): Entwicklung eines Schwingensystems zur Übertragung von Messdaten der Kolbentemperatur mit Hilfe gekoppelter MKS/FEM Simulation. In: ANSYS Conference & 31. CADFEM Users’ Meeting. n Härtl, M.; Pastötter, Ch.; Seidenspinner, Ph.; Jacob, E.; Maly, M.; Wachtmeister, G. (2014): Emissionsreduktion durch erneuerbare Kraftstoffanteile. Abschlussbericht. Bayerische Forschungsstiftung. n Härtl, M.; Seidenspinner, P.; Jacob, E.; Wachtmeister, G. (2014): Synthetischer Dieselkraftstoff OME1. Lösungsansatz für den Zielkonflikt NOx-Partikel-Emission. In: Motortechnische Zeitschrift 75 (07-08), pp. 66-72. n Imhoff, B. von; Zimmer, Th.; Fest, S.; Holland, P. (2013): Projekt OPTIMAL. Abschlussbericht. Förderkennzeichen: IUK-1005-002; IUK-1005-003; IUK-1005-004. VDI|VDE|IT. n Kirner, C.; Uhlig, B.; Wachtmeister, G. (2013): Kolbenring-Öltransport. 1. Zwischenbericht. Forschungsvereinigung Verbrennungskraftmaschinen. n Kirner, C.; Uhlig, B.; Wachtmeister, G. (2014): Kolbenring-Öltransport. 2. Zwischenbericht. Forschungsvereinigung Verbrennungskraftmaschinen. n Korb, B. (2013): Ursachen und Reduzierung der CH4-Emissionen in Biogasmotoren. 1. Zwischenbericht. Fachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe. n Korb, B. (2014): Ursachen und Reduzierung der CH4-Emissionen in Biogasmotoren. 2. Zwischenbericht. Fachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe. n Korb, B.; Kuppa, K.; Dinkelacker, F.; Wachtmeister, G. (2014): Ursachen und Reduktionsmaßnahmen der THC-Emissionen in Gasmotoren. Zwischenbericht. Forschungsvereinigung Verbrennungskraftmaschinen. n Korb, B.; Peer, J.; Schlatter, S.; Wachtmeister, G.; Boulouchos, K. (2013): Einfluss der Abgasrückführung bei Magerkonzept-Gasmotoren mit extremen Steuerzeiten auf Brennverlauf und Schadstoffemissionen unter Berücksichtigung der Gasqualität. In: Frühjahrstagung. Forschungsvereinigung Verbrennungskraftmaschinen. n Korb, B.; Pötsch, Ch.; Wloka, J. A.; Wachtmeister, G. (2013): Methoden zur Strahldiagnostik. Abschlussbericht. Forschungsvereinigung Verbrennungskraftmaschinen.
n Korb, B.; Zimmer, Th. (2013): Automatisierte Prüfstandssteuerung eines Einzylinderforschungsmotors. National Instruments User Report. n Kudicke, R.; Wachtmeister, G.; Knafl, A.; Stiesch, G. (2013): Energy Management for Large-Bore, Medium Speed Diesel Engines. In: 27th CIMAC World Congress 2013. n Maier, Th.; Kiwull, B.; Wolf, J.; Wachtmeister, G.; Nießner, R. (2013): PN-Messverfahren: Untersuchung und Bewertung verschiedener Methoden der Partikelanzahl-Messung. Abschlussbericht. Forschungsvereinigung Verbrennungskraftmaschinen. n Maier, Th.; Wachtmeister, G. (2014): Particle Number Measurement Techniques: PMP particle number counting methodology, PMP-HD measurement system comparison. In: 14. Internationales Stuttgarter Symposium ‘Automobil und Motorentechnik’. FKFS. n Maier, Th.; Wachtmeister, G. (2014): Systemvergleich zur PMP-Partikelanzahlbestimmung. In: MTZ Motortech Z 75 (6), pp. 68-75. DOI: 10.1007/ s35146-014-0369-6. n Maus, W.; Jacob, E.; Härtl, M.; Seidenspinner, P.; Wachtmeister, G. (2014): Synthetische Kraftstoffe – OME1: Ein potentiell nachhaltig hergestellter Dieselkraftstoff. In: Hans Peter Lenz (Hg.): 35. Internationales Wiener Motorensymposium. Düsseldorf: VDI-Verl. (Nr. 777), pp. 325-347. n Oliva, A.; Held, S. (2014): Meshing-Methodenentwicklung für die CFD-Berechnung der Strömung durch das Kolbenringpaket eines Verbrennungsmotors. In: Advanced Simulation Technologies Konferenz. AVL. n Oliva, A.; Wachtmeister, G. (2014): Fuel in Oil – Teilprojekt S2: Entwicklung einer Simulationsmethode zur Berechnung der auftretenden Phänomene im Ölsumpf. Zwischenbericht. Forschungsvereinigung Verbrennungskraftmaschinen. n Peer, J.; Backes, F.; Imhoff, B. von; Wachtmeister, G. (2014): Engine Thermodynamics Research. Report 2013/2014. Industriepartner. n Peer, J.; Backes, F.; Wachtmeister, G. (2014): Investigation of the Injection Rate, Spray Behaviour and Particle Number Emissions of High Pressure Gasoline Injection. Report. Industriepartner. n Peer, J.; Schauer, F. X.; Wachtmeister, G.; Drautz, F.; Oryoji, K.; Borg, J. (2013): Engine Thermodynamics Research. Report 2012/2013. Industriepartner. n Pötsch, Ch.; Kudicke, R.; Wachtmeister, G.; Wichelhaus, D. (2014): Constraints of the combustion process for a supercharged DISI-engine for applications in motorsports. In: 14. Internationales Stuttgarter Symposium ‘Automobil und Motorentechnik’. FKFS. n Prager, M.; Korb, B.; Wachtmeister, G. (2013): Ursachen und Reduzierung der CH4-Emissionen in Biogasmotoren. In: Fachgespräch – Emissionen bei der Biogasproduktion und -nutzung. Stand des Wissens und F+E-Bedarf. Fachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe. n Prager, M.; Wülfert, K.; Schlatter, S.; Wachtmeister, G.; Boulouchos, K. (2013): Phenomenological modeling of the burning rate of lean concept gas engines with the extreme Miller/Atkinson timings. In: 8. Internationale MTZ-Fachtagung ‘Heavy-Duty-, On- und Off-Highway-Motoren 2013’. n Rao, G.; Härtl, M.; Seidenspinner, Ph., Wohlgemuth, S. (2014): Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Abgasrückführung einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine und eine entsprechende Verbrennungskraftmaschine. Veröffentlichungsnr: DE 102013100096 A1.
Institute of Internal Combustion Engines
215
n Rösler, S.; Fischer, P. (2014): Erweiterung des aktiven Downsizings durch das Splitmotor-Konzept. In: Effizienz im Antriebsstrang – Trends und Herausforderungen. Bayern Innovativ. n Schauer, F. X.; Zimmer, Th.; Bachhuber, M.; Scheller, M.; Yamasaki, Y.; Oryoji, K.; Wacht meister, G. (2013): Development of a Model-Based HCCI Control Strategy for an Engine with a Fully Variable Valve Train. In: SAE International. DOI: 10.4271/2013-01-1667. n Schneider, C.; Klumpp, P.; Wachtmeister, G. (2014): Simulation von Festkörper- und Mischreibung in Gleitlagern. In: 3. Györer Tribologie Tagung. Széchenyi István Universität. n Schwarzmüller, F.; Wachtmeister, G. (2013): Entwicklung eines einfachen Werkzeuges auf Basis empirischer und physikalischer Ansätze zur Vorausberechnung der Kenngrößen eines Einspritzstrahls in Abhängigkeit der Düsengeometrie, der Zuströmbedingungen und der Zustände im Brennraum unter Berücksichtigung dynamischer Vorgänge. Abschlussbericht. Forschungsvereinigung Verbrennungskraftmaschinen. n Schwarzmüller, F.; Wachtmeister, G. (2013): Numerical studies of influence of geometry on the nozzle flow and the spray of a common rail injector. In: AVL Advanced Simulation Technologies International User Conference. n Schwarzmüller, F.; Wachtmeister, G. (2013): Spritzlochgeometrie, Numerik. Bericht zum Software-Workshop. Forschungsvereinigung Verbrennungskraftmaschinen. n Seidenspinner, Ph.; Wachtmeister, G.; Wilharm, Th. (2013): Emission Analysis and Cetane Number Determination of Oxygenated Fuels in a Constant Volume Combustion Chamber. In: 1st International Conference ‘Tailor-Made Fuels from Biomass’. RWTH Aachen. n Seidenspinner, Ph.; Wachtmeister, G.; Wilharm, Th. (2013): The Influence of Fuel Additives on Cetane Number and Emissions of Diesel Fuels. In: 6th International Conference on Biodiesel. Berlin. AGQM. n Wachtmeister, G.; Baumgartner, L. (2013): CO2 – Treiber der Motorenentwicklung. In: 15. BAIKA Jahreskongress ‘Zulieferer Innovativ’. Bayern Innovativ. n Wachtmeister, G.; Baumgartner, L.; Korb, B. (2013): Potentiale des Biogasmotors als Beitrag zur regenerativen Energieversorgung. In: Fachgespräch – Biogas in der Landwirtschaft – Stand und Perspektiven. Fachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe. n Weber, S.; Baumgartner, L. (2014): Einfluss Wasserstoffzumischung zum Erdgas auf den Betrieb von Gasmotoren. Abschlussbericht. Forschungsvereinigung Verbrennungskraftmaschinen. n Werner, M.; Graf, S.; Merkle, A.; Wachtmeister, G. (2014): Direkte Messung der Kolbengruppenreibung. In: MTZ Motortech Z 75 (1), pp. 72-79. DOI: 10.1007/s35146-014-0021-5.
216
Institute of Internal Combustion Engines
n Wloka, J. A.; Schwarzmüller, F.; Wachtmeister, G. (2013): Investigations on injection-rate oscillations in common-rail injectors for high-pressure injection. In: 27th CIMAC World Congress 2013. n Wloka, J. A.; Wachtmeister, G. (2013): Macroscopic and Microscopic Spray Pattern for High Pressure Common-Rail Diesel Injection. In: Journal of Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan 67 (9), pp. 50-55. n Wohlgemuth, S.; Meiland, L.; Wachtmeister, G.; Fledersbacher, P. (2014): Turbocharging of a Two-cylinder Lean-Burn Natural Gas Engine with Uneven Firing Order. In: SAE International. DOI: 10.4271/2014-01-1652. n Wohlgemuth, S.; Roesler, S.; Wachtmeister, G. (2014): Piston Design Optimization for a TwoCylinder Lean-Burn Natural Gas Engine – 3D-CFDSimulation and Test Bed Measurements. In: SAE International. DOI: 10.4271/2014-01-1326. n Wohlgemuth, S.; Wachtmeister, G. (2013): Hydropneumatic storage technology for hybrid passenger cars. In: 3rd International Electric Drives Production Conference (EDPC). IEEE, pp. 1-7. n Wohlgemuth, S.; Wachtmeister, G. (2013): Optimierung des Magerbrennverfahrens eines Zweizylinder-Erdgasmotors mittels 3D-CFD-Simulation und Prüfstandsmessung. In: H. Eichlseder (Hg.): 14. Tagung ‘Der Arbeitsprozess des Verbrennungsmotors’. TU Graz. n Wohlgemuth, S.; Wachtmeister, G. (2013): Zweizylinder-Erdgasmotor und Hydraulikhybrid – ein kostengünstiger Antriebsstrang. In: 8. Tagung Gasfahrzeuge – Antrieb mit Zukunft. n Wohlgemuth, S.; Wachtmeister, G.; Kloft, P. (2013): Development of a Hydraulic Hybrid System for Urban Traffic. In: SAE International. DOI: 10.4271/2013-01-1479. n Wülfert, K.; Schlatter, S.; Wachtmeister, G.; Boulouchos, K. (2013): Erstellung eines phänomenologischen Modells zur Vorausberechnung des Brennverlaufes von Gasmotoren bei extremen Miller/Atkinson-Betrieb. Abschlussbericht. Forschungsvereinigung Verbrennungskraftmaschinen. n Yamasaki, Y.; Schauer, F. X.; Wachtmeister, G. (2013): Development of Dynamic Models for an HCCI Engine with Fully Variable Valve-Train. In: SAE International. DOI: 10.4271/2013-01-1656. n Zimmer, Th.; Imhoff, B. von (2013): Student Modeling and Implementation of a CompactRIO ECU for a Motorcycle Engine. In: NI Week 2013. National Instruments. n Zimmer, Th.; Imhoff, B. von (2014): Verbrennungsmotorsteuerung für Lehre und Forschung mit NI CompactRIO. In: LabVIEW Anwendertreffen. National Instruments. n Zimmer, Th.; Imhoff, B. von; Korb, B. (2014): Prüfstands- und Motorsteuerung eines Thermodynamikforschungsmotors an der TU München. In: Automotive-Technologietag. National Instruments.
Institute of Computational Mechanics Application-motivated fundamental research in computational mechanics
n The Institute for Computational Mechanics (LNM) is committed to what can best be described as cutting-edge ‘application-motivated fundamental research’ in a broad range of research areas in computational mech anics. Applications span all fields of engineering (mechanical, aerospace, civil, chemical) and the applied sciences. With a strong basis in both computational solid and fluid dynamics, the current focus lies on multifield and multiscale problems as well as on computational bioengineer ing. In all these areas, LNM covers the full spectrum from advanced modeling and the development of novel computational methods to sophisticated software development and application-oriented simulations on high performance com-
puting systems. Meanwhile, the research activities at LNM also include optimization, inverse analysis, uncertainty quantification as well as experimental work. In collaboration with leading researchers worldwide as well as national and international industrial partners, LNM expedites projects at the front-line of research. For more details and updated information we kindly ask you to visit our webpage (QR code below).
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wolfgang A. Wall Contact www.lnm.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.15300
Computational Multiphysics – Coupled and Multiscale Problems
Two-phase flow: bubble in a turbulent channel flow
The interaction of different physical phenomena plays an essential role in most engineering applications. The modeling of such multiphysics problems is one of our main areas of research. We have developed robust and efficient modeling approaches and computational methods for various coupled problems. Those problem classes comprise a.o. fluid-structure interaction, electro-chemical, thermomechanical, opto-acoustic, coupled re active transport, poro-fluid-transport and thermo-fluid-structure-contact interaction problems.
And also the interplay of effects on different scales plays an important role in many scientific and engineering applications. Therefore, there has been increasing interest in modeling so-called multiscale phenomena both mathematically and computationally. We tackle multiscale problems both in CSD and CFD. While in the first group one focus is on the modeling of heterogeneous materials, in the second group the focus is on turbulent flows and complex fluids.
Fluid-structure interaction: flow around a flexible structure
Institute of Computational Mechanics
217
Computational Solid – Structural and Fluid Dynamics
Turbulent variable-density flow over a backward facing step with heating
Buckling of a cylindrical shell
218
Institute of Computational Mechanics
Computational structural and solid dynamics (CSD) is one of the classical core disciplines within the fast-growing field of computational mechanics. Our research activities in computational structural and solid dynamics cover a wide range of methods, from nonlinear solid (hybrid FE meshes, isogeometric analysis) and structural models (beams, shells) and corresponding finite element technology (EAS, ANS, F-Bar) to material modeling (hyperelasticity, viscoelasticity, elastoplasticity) at finite strains. Another focus are complex material phenomena such as anisotropy, fiber components, damage, fracture and multiscale modeling of heterogeneous materials. Computational contact dynamics represent a particularly challenging class of structural mechanics problems due to the non-smooth character of the underlying laws of physics (e.g. non-penetration) and the strong nonlinearities introduced by the corresponding geometrical con straints. In addition, complex interface phenomena (friction, adhesion, ...) need to be taken into account with sophisticated computational models. Here, our research emphasizes the development of robust and efficient contact formulations and
discretization methods in the context of finite deformations and non-matching meshes/non-conforming interfaces. Lately, this main focus has been successfully extended towards contact with wear, coupled thermo-mechanical contact and beam-to-beam contact. Furthermore, strongly coupled fluid-structure interaction (FSI) with contact is another current research field. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is the other core discipline in computational mechanics. We are one of the very few groups worldwide that do original research in both CSD and CFD. Our focus in CFD is on incompressible and weakly compressible flows. We develop novel discretization methods for flow problems as well as novel approaches for turbulent flows based on large eddy simulation (LES) and detached eddy simulation (DES). Another focus is on multiphase flows and flows coupled to other fields like in fluid-structure interaction, electro-chemistry or reactive transport problems.
Contact of two thin-walled torii
Computational Bioengineering and Biophysics
Developing bundles in a biopolymer network
Our research in the biomedical engineer ing area includes a variety of different fields. In all of them we collaborate with
experts from medicine, biology or biophysics. Some activities are the development of a comprehensive coupled multiscale model of the respiratory system, of a model for rupture risk prediction of abdominal aortic aneurysms, comprehensive cardiac modeling, simulation of surgical procedures or cellular modeling. In recent years we also successfully entered the area of biophysics, where we could develop a novel, theoretically sound and highly efficient approach for the Brownian dynamics of polymers. Based on this unique approach we meanwhile could study and answer a number of open questions in the biophysics community.
Coupled multiscale model of airways in the human lung
Research Code BACI The complexity and scientific broadness of the majority of our research projects make highest demands on both the ‘modus operandi’ and on the research environment itself. This is why LNM with its entire scientific staff develops and maintains the parallel multiphysics research code BACI (Bavarian Advanced Computational Initiative), which is proba-
bly unique even from a global perspective. BACI is mainly based on finite element methods (FEM), but also features other discretization techniques such as HDG, particle and meshfree methods. All past and present activities at LNM have been – and all future projects will be – realized within this HPC platform.
Research Focus n Computational fluid dynamics n Computational solid and structural dynamics n Computational contact mechanics n Multiphysics/coupled problems n Multiscale problems n Reduced-dimensional modeling n Uncertainty quantification n Inverse problems n Optimization n High performance computing
Competence n Contact dynamics n Discretization methods n Experimental (bio-)mechanics n Fluid dynamics n Fluid-structure interaction n Inverse methods n Material modeling n Optimization n Solid dynamics n Solvers/AMG n Thermo-fluid-structure interaction n Transport phenomena n Uncertainty quantification
Further up-to-date information and a list of publications can be found on our webpage at:
Institute of Computational Mechanics
219
Infrastructure n HPC cluster n Biomechanics lab (including uniaxial and biaxial testing machines) Courses n Engineering Mechanics I, II and III n Numerical Methods for Engineers n Nonlinear Continuum Mechanics n Finite Elements n Finite Elements in Fluid Mechanics n Nonlinear Finite Element Methods n Biomechanics – Fundamentals and Modeling n Finite Element Lab n Computational Biomechanics Lab n Engineering Solutions for Biomedical Problems n Numerical Methods for Engineers Lab n TM-Applets n Computational Solid and Fluid Dynamics (MSE) Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wolfgang A. Wall, Director Administrative Staff Renata Nagl Claudia Eden (until Oct. 14) Research Scientists Dr. Cristóbal Bertoglio Dr. Aline Bel (until Aug. 13) Dr. Mirella Coroneo (until May 14) Dr. Volker Gravemeier (part-time) Dr. Martin Kronbichler Dr. Alexander Popp Dr. Francesc Verdugo (from Dec. 13) Dr. Lena Yoshihara (maternity leave) Dipl.-Ing. Christoph Ager (from Nov. 13)
220
Institute of Computational Mechanics
Dipl.-Tech. Math. Georg Bauer (until Jan. 13) Dipl.-Ing. Jonas Biehler Anna Birzle, M.Sc. (from March 14) Dipl.-Ing. Caroline Danowski (until July 14) Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Ehrl Rui Fang, M.Sc. Philipp Farah, M.Sc. (from Jan. 13) Julien Gillard, M.Sc. (from March 14) Maximilian Grill, M.Sc. (from Aug. 14) Ceren Gurkan, M.Sc. (from Oct. 14) Manuel Hahn, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Georg Hammerl Dipl.-Ing. Michael Hiermeier (from June 13) Julia Hörmann, M.Sc. (from Jan. 14) Mahmoud Ismail, M.Sc. (until June 14) Dipl.-Ing. Benjamin Krank (from Aug. 13) Raffaela Kruse, M.Sc. (from April 14) Dipl.-Ing. Christoph Meier Dipl.-Ing. Kei Müller (until Dec. 14) Dhrubajyoti Mukherjee, M.Sc. (from Sept. 13) Dipl.-Tech. Math. Andreas Nagler Dipl.-Ing. Keijo Nissen (until Dec. 14) Dipl.-Ing. Martin Pfaller (from Jan. 14) Dipl.-Ing. Ursula Rasthofer Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Rauch (from March 13) Dipl.-Ing. Christian Roth Svenja Schoeder, M.Sc. (from July 13) Dipl.-Math. Benedikt Schott Alexander Seitz, M.Sc. (from July 13) Dipl.-Ing. Shadan Shahmiri (until July 14) Dipl.-Techn. Math. Susanna Tinkl (until Sept. 14) Hamman de Vaal, M.Sc. (until Sept. 14) Dipl.-Ing. Anh-Tu Vuong Dipl.-Ing. Karl-Robert Wichmann Dipl.-Tech. Math. Tobias Wiesner Dipl. Math. Martin Winklmaier Magnus Winter, M.Sc. (from April 14) Dipl.-Ing. Andy Wirtz Sudhakar Yogaraj, M.Sc.
Publications 2013-14 List only contains peer-reviewed publications in international indexed journals. n Seitz A., Popp A., Wall W.A.: A semi-smooth Newton method for orthotropic plasticity and frictional contact at finite strains. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 285 (2015), 228-254 n Farah P., Popp A., Wall W.A.: Segment-based vs. element-based integration for mortar methods in computational contact mechanics. Computational Mechanics, 55 (2015), 209-228 n Mayr M., Klöppel T., Wall W.A., Gee M.W.: A Temporal Consistent Approach to Fluid-Structure Interaction Enabling Single Field Predictors. SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing, accepted 2014 n Biehler J., Gee M.W., Wall W.A.: Towards efficient uncertainty quantification in complex and large scale biomechanical problems based on a Bayesian multi fidelity scheme. Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology, accepted 2014 n Vuong A.-T., Yoshihara L., Wall W.A.: A general approach for modeling interacting flow through porous media under finite deformations. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 283 (2015), 1240-1259 n Schott B., Rasthofer U.; Gravemeier V.; Wall W.A.: A face-oriented stabilized Nitsche-type extended variational multiscale method for incompressible two-phase flow. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, accepted 2014 n Reeps, C., Kehl, S., Tanios, F., Maier, A., Biehler, J., Pelisek, J., Wall, W.A., Eckstein, H.-H., Gee, M.W.: Biomechanics and gene expression in abdominal aortic aneurysm. Journal of Vascular Surgery, 60 (2014), 1640-1647.e2 n Popp A., Wall W.A.: Dual mortar methods for computational contact mechanics – overview and recent developments. GAMM-Mitteilungen, 37 (1), 66-84, 2014 n Huemer J., Stickel T., Sagan E., Schwarz M., Wall W.A.: On the Influence of Unsteady Aerodynamics on Driving Dynamics of Passenger Cars. Vehicle System Dynamics – International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility, 52 (11), 1470-1488, 2014 n Yoshihara L., Coroneo M., Comerford A., Bauer G., Klöppel T., Wall W.A.: A combined fluid-structure interaction and multi-field scalar transport model for simulating mass transport in biomechanics. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 100, 277-299, 2014 n Rasthofer U.; Burton G.C.; Wall W.A.; Gravemeier V.: An algebraic variational multiscale-multigrid-multi fractal method (AVM4) for large-eddy simulation of turbulent variable-density flow at low Mach number. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, 76, 416-449, 2014 n Meier C., Popp A., Wall W.A.: An Objective 3D Large Deformation Finite Element Formulation for Geometrically Exact Curved Kirchhoff Rods. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 278, 445-478, 2014 n Müller K.W., Bruinsma R.F., Lieleg O., Bausch A.R., Wall W.A., Levine A.J.: Rheology of semiflexible bundle networks with transient linkers. Physical Review Letters, 112, 238102, 2014 n Romero, I.; Urrecha, M.; Cyron, C.J.: A torsion-free nonlinear beam model. International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics, 58 (2014), 1-10 n Sudhakar Y., Moitinho de Almeida J.P., Wall W.A.: An accurate, robust, and easy-to-implement method for integration over arbitrary polyhedra: application to Embedded Interface Methods. Journal of Computational Physics, 273 (2014), 393-415
n Bertoglio, C.; Caiazzo, A.: A tangential regularization method for backflow stabilization in hemodynamics. Journal of Computational Physics, 261 (2014), 162-171 n Rasthofer U., Burton G.C., Wall W.A., Gravemeier V.: Multifractal subgrid-scale modeling within a variational multiscale method for large-eddy simulation of passive-scalar mixing in turbulent flow at low and high Schmidt numbers. Physics of Fluids, 26:055108, 2014 n Ehrl A., Popp A., Gravemeier V., Wall W.A.: A dual mortar approach for mesh tying within a variational multiscale method for incompressible flow. Inter national Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, 76 (2014), 1-27 n Schott B., Wall W.A.: A new face-oriented stabilized XFEM approach for 2D and 3D incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 276 (2014), 233-265 n Coroneo M., Yoshihara L., Wall W.A.: Biofilm growth: a multi-scale and coupled fluid-structure interaction and mass transport approach. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 111, 1385-1395, 2014 n Henke F., Winklmaier M., Gravemeier V., Wall W.A.: A semi-Lagrangean time-integration approach for extended finite element methods. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 98 (3) (2014), 174-202 n Ismail M., Gravemeier V., Comerford A., Wall W.A.: A stable approach for coupling multidimensional cardiovascular and pulmonary networks based on a novel pressure-flowrate or pressure-only Neumann boundary condition formulation. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering, 30 (4) (2014), 447-469 n Bel-Brunon A., Kehl S., Martin C., Uhlig S., Wall W.A.: Numerical identification method for the non-linear viscoelastic compressible behaviour of soft tissue using uniaxial tensile tests and image registration – Application to rat lung parenchyma. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 29 (2014), 360-374 n Ismail M., Comerford A., Wall W.A.: Coupled and reduced dimensional modeling of respiratory mechanics during spontaneous breathing. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering, 29 (11) (2013), 1285–1305 n Danowski C., Gravemeier V., Yoshihara L., Wall W.A.: A monolithic computational approach to thermo-structure interaction. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 95 (13) (2013), 1053-1078 n Wiesner T., Tuminaro R.S., Wall W.A., Gee M.W.: Multigrid transfers for nonsymmetric systems based on Schur complements and Galerkin projections. Numerical Linear Algebra with Applications (NLAA), 21 (3) (2014), 415-438 n Reeps C., Maier A., Pelisek J., Härtl F., GrabherMeier V., Wall W.A., Essler M., Eckstein H.-H., Gee M.W.: Measuring and modeling patient-specific distributions of material properties in abdominal aortic aneurysm wall. Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology, 12 (4) (2013), 717-733 n Cyron C.J., Müller K.W., Schmoller K.M., Bausch A.R., Wall W.A., Bruinsma R. F.: Equilibrium phase diagram of semi-flexible polymer networks with linkers. Europhysics Letters: A letters journal exploring the frontiers of Physics, 102 (2013), 38003 p1-38003 p6
Institute of Computational Mechanics
221
n Bauer G., Gamnitzer P., Gravemeier V., Wall W.A.: An isogeometric variational multiscale method for large-eddy simulation of coupled multi-ion transport in turbulent flow. Journal of Computational Physics, 251 (2013), 194-208 n Popp A., Seitz A., Gee M.W., Wall W.A.: Improved robustness and consistency of 3D contact algorithms based on a dual mortar approach. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 264 (2013), 67-80 n Rasthofer, U.;Gravemeier, V.: Multifractal sub grid-scale modeling within a variational multiscale method for large-eddy simulation of turbulent flow, Journal of Computational Physics, 234 (2013), 79–107 n Cyron J.C., Müller K.W., Bausch A.R., Wall W.A.: Micromechanical simulations of biopolymer networks with finite elements. Journal of Computational Physics, 244 (2013), 236-251 n Ismail M., Wall W.A., Gee M.W.: Adjoint-based inverse analysis of windkessel parameters for patient-specific vascular models. Journal of Computational Physics, 244 (2013), 113-130
222
Institute of Computational Mechanics
n Comerford A., Gravemeier V., Wall W.A.: An algebraic variational multiscale-multigrid method for large-eddy simulation of turbulent pulsatile flows in complex geometries with detailed insight into pulmonary airway flow. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, 71 (10) (2013), 1207-1225 n Sudhakar Y., Wall W.A.: Quadrature schemes for arbitrary convex/concave volumes and integration of weak form in enriched partition of unity methods. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 258 (2013), 39-54 n Ehrl A., Bauer G., Gravemeier V., Wall W.A.: A computational approach for the simulation of natural convection in electrochemical cells. Journal of Computational Physics, 235 (2013), 764-785
Institute of Astronautics Real-time tele-robotics in space – space technologies – exploration & human spaceflight – nano satellites – spaceflight systems engineering – hypervelocity-lab
n In 2013-14, like the years before, the Institute of Astronautics focused on the development and design of satellite and space exploration technology. In particular: n Real-time teleoperation for on-orbit servicing n Inter-satellite link communication systems n Life support systems of habitats and space suits n CubeSats for technology in-orbit verification n High velocity impact physics n Micrometeoroid and space debris simulation On-orbit servicing is a growing field of space activities, where satellites or other spacecraft in space are serviced (such as refueling, maintenance, or upgrade) or deorbited by a servicing satellite if defunct. This service can be accomplished by an operator on ground teleoperating a robot, cameras, or else on the servicing satellite in real-time. As a highlight in 2013-14, the institute built a large simulation environment, called RACOON-Lab, with the dimensions 6 m x 10 m x 5 m. In this laboratory the proximity operations of the two satellites
can be simulated, while the operator is located in the institute’s mission control center or anywhere on earth. Realistic teleoperation is performed by real-time satellite links via a ground station on top of the the institute’s building and a relay satellite in geostationary orbit. For the renewed interest of NASA and ESA in human space exploration an adapted and a highly reliable life support system (LSS) is mandatory. In 2013-14 the institute of Astronautics has improved the modeling tool V-HAB for arbitrary LSS, which for the first time is able to model a LSS dynamically over a long period of time. The modeling not only includes the life support components but in particular a high-fidelity human model for astronauts living and working in this LSS. In November 2013, the first satellite of the TU Munich, the institute’s MOVE I pico-satellite, was launched from Russia into space, from where it successfully transmitted beacon and telemetry data.
Prof. Prof. h. c. Dr. Dr. h. c. Ulrich Walter Contact www.lrt.mw.tum.de/
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.16003
LISA – Space Communication Technologies On-orbit servicing and space debris removal missions with tele-operation, a key research area of LRT, require transmission of multi-channel video signals and spacecraft sensor information which can exceed data rates of 20 Mbps. These communication scenarios require, among other novel technologies, especially highgain antenna systems. The Light-weight Intersatellite (Link) Satellite Antenna (LISA) R&D projects at the LRT respond to this need. All LISA antennas are designed as direct radiating, relatively flat array antennas. The latest high-gain Ka-band LISA antennas are implemented as novel, copper-galvanically manufactured horn antennas with a low-loss waveguide distribution network. Copper-galvanic allows
the design of high performance, low loss and high frequency waveguide structures, using a lost core galvanic manufacturing process. The copper-galvanic process has been carefully designed, characterized, evaluated and certified for use in spaceflight environments as part of the LISA Institute of Astronautics
223
projects. The LISA high gain Ka-band antennas, implemented in a 40 x 40 cm reference model, provide a narrow beam angle of 1.6O, thus requiring precision orientation between sending and receiving station. Especially in highly agile on-orbit servicing missions with tumbling, noncooperative targets, fast precision 2-axes mechanical steering mechanisms are required. The project LISAMS+ develops a 2-axes mechanical steering mechanism, the corresponding high gain copper array antenna and a novel two-channel, lowloss, Ka-band waveguide rotary joint with research partners from industry and the University of Applied Sciences Munich. In addition to the developed and investigated mechanical pointing mechanism (LISAMS+), an option for a mechanism-free electric steering solution is investigated in the project (LISAES) for geostationary orbit with partners from industry and the Technical University Darmstadt. Using liquid-crystal phase shifters in the waveguide distribution network of the direct radiating antenna array would
employ superposition of phase-shifted signals from each horn to provide an apparent beam steering without mechan ical components. Project Funding These projects are funded by DLR (German Aerospace Center – Space Administration) research grants no. FKZ 50YB0602 (LISA S-band antenna), FKZ 50YB0802 (LISA Ka-band mechanical steering), and 50YB1113 (LISA Ka-band electronic steering), managed by Dr. Siegfried Voigt and Heiko Ultes at the DLR Space Administration in Bonn.
RACOON – Real-time On-Orbit Teleoperation real-time capabilities allow the inclusion of a human operator into the control loop for research in the area of human spacecraft interaction. This includes user studies for optimal human machine interface design or operator workload evaluation.
The Racoon Lab features a satellite proximity operations simulation environment. The lab consists of a hardware in the loop simulator that represents position and attitude of two spacecraft in close proximity (e.g. for rendezvous and docking maneuvers). The lab provides realistic lighting conditions and hardware sensors to simulate realistic sensor data for the development of new spacecraft technologies (e.g. control algorithms). The
224
Institute of Astronautics
Projects n Racoon Hardware-in-the-loop Ver. 2 Simulator n FORROST (BFS funded) n Adaptive Communication Channels (DFG funded) n Optimal Docking Trajectories (Munich Aerospace Scholarship) n Debris Capture with Flexible Elements (EADS Study) n RacoonSim Software Environment Development
V-HAB – Modeling and Simulation of Life Support Systems To fully assess the long-term operation and stability of life support systems (LSS) for exploration missions, static analysis methods are insufficient. Establishing mass balances and selecting technologies based on average performance values is a fast and proven method for feasibility studies but, once the system design becomes more detailed, certain aspects of the system behavior cannot be captured. To provide this additional information, the Institute of Astronautics has developed the Virtual Habitat or V-HAB. V-HAB is a MATLAB®-based simulation software which enables the dynamic simulation of life support systems, the humans occupying the simulated habitat and the mission that is being performed. The first development step was completed in early 2013 when the simulation system was validated by comparing data from a virtual model of the International Space Station LSS with actual flight data. This coincided with the completion of a dissertation on the rationale and development of V-HAB bei Dr. Markus Czupalla [1]. Four other dissertations where derived from this initial work, each adding to V-HAB’s already broad spectrum of capabilities. One of these dissertations was also completed in late 2013 by Dr. Phillip Hager [2] who contributed a dynamic thermal simulation tool to capture the thermal dynamics of moving objects (e.g. astronauts, rovers) on
the lunar surface. The three other dissertations, which are still in progress, cover the simulation of portable life support systems for space suits, the addition of performance shaping factors to the human model and the optimization of LSS architectures containing both physico-chemical as well as biological components. In addition to the previously mentioned dissertations, the group published its work at the annual International Conference on Environmental Systems (ICES), the preeminent conference for the life support system community. The peer-reviewed papers were well received and the already strong ties to LSS experts from NASA and industry could be expanded. In total the group published five papers at ICES 2013 and three at ICES 2014, all of which can be found in the publications list. In addition to these conference papers the group also continued the extensive involve ment of students in the actual research, producing a total of 17 Bachelor’s theses, 9 Master’s theses and 5 term papers in 2013 and 2014. References [1] M. Czupalla, ‘The Virtual Habitat - Integral Modeling and Dynamic Simulation of Life Support Systems’, Dissertation, Inst. of Astronautics, TUM, Munich, 2012. [2] P. Hager, ‘Dynamic thermal modeling for moving objects on the Moon’, Dissertation, Institute of Astronautics, Technische Universität München, Munich, 2013.
Institute of Astronautics
225
Research Focus n Real-time tele-robotics in space n Space communication technology n Space mechanism n Analysis of life support systems n Nano satellites n Lunar in-situ resource utilization n Hypervelocity impacts Competence n Systems engineering tools for development of complex systems n End-to-end satellite communication n Dynamic simulation of life support systems Infrastructure n Mechanical workshop n Cleanroom (Class 7) n Thermal-vacuum chamber n Proximity operations simulator n Groundstation (Ka-, S- and UHF/VHF Band) n Mission control center n Hypervelocity accelerator Lectures in: n Fundamentals of Spaceflight n Space System Design n Orbit- and Flight Mechanics n Human Spaceflight n Systems Engineering n Sterne und Kosmos n Space environment and its simulation n Near Earth Objects
Management Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Ulrich Walter, Director Prof. Dr.-Ing. Harry O. Ruppe, Emeritus Prof. Dr.-Ing. Eduard Igenbergs, Emeritus Adjunct Professors Hon. Prof. Dr. med. Hans Pongratz apl. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Robert Schmucker Dr. rer. nat. Markus Brandstätter Administrative Staff Petra Lochner Research Scientists Dr. Alexander Hoehn, Assoc. Professor (adj.), Univ. of Colorado Dr.-Ing. Martin Rott, Academic Director Dr.-Ing. Jan Harder, Postdoc, Promotion Jan. 2014 Dipl.-Ing. Claas Olthoff Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Fleischner, left Nov. 2014 Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Killian Dipl.-Ing. Christian Bühler Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Hein, left Sep. 2014 Dipl.-Ing. Martin Langer Dipl.-Ing. Sabine Letschnik Dipl.-Ing. Ralf Purschke Philipp Reiß, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Tebbe Jacopo Ventura, M.Sc. Ming Ming Wang, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. arch. Thomas Dirlich, external Dipl.-Inf. Carolin Eckl, external Dipl.-Ing. Piotr Perczynski, external Dipl.-Ing. Anton Zhukov, external Dipl.-Ing. Jonas Schnaitmann, external Technical Staff Tobias Abstreiter Leonhard Röpfl
226
Institute of Astronautics
Publications 2013-14 n Carpenter, J. D.; Barber, S.; Cerroni, P.; Fisackerly, R.; Fumagalli, A.; Houdou, B. et al. (2014): Accessing and assessing lunar resources with PROSPECT. In: LEAG (Hg.): Annual Meeting of the Lunar Exploration Analysis Group. Laurel, Maryland, USA, 22-24 October 2014. Available online: http:// oro.open.ac.uk/41598/1/3018.pdf. n Göser, Johannes; Olthoff, Claas Tido (2014): Results of a Dynamic Liquid Cooling Garment Simulation in V-SUIT. In: Proceedings of the 44th International Conference on Environmental Systems. 44th International Conference on Environmental Systems. Tucson, Arizona, USA, 13-17 July 2014. ICES. n Hager, P. B.; Klaus, D. M.; Walter, U. (2014a): Characterizing transient thermal interactions between lunar regolith and surface spacecraft. In: Planetary and Space Science 92, Pp. 101-116. DOI: 10.1016/j.pss.2014.01.011. n Hager, P. B.; Parzinger, S.; Haarmann, R.; Walter, U. (2014b): Transient thermal envelope for rovers and sample collecting devices on the Moon. In: Advances in Space Research. DOI: 10.1016/j. asr.2014.12.012. n Hager, P.; Reiss, P. (2013): Verification of a thermal simulation tool for moving objects on the lunar surface. In: Geophysical Research Abstracts 15. n Hager, P.; Walter, U.; Klaus, D. (2013): Impact of lunar dust on radiator design for Moon bases and rovers. In: Proceedings of the 43rd International Conference on Environmental Systems, Vol. 43, 14-18 July 2013. AIAA. n Harder, Jan; Wilde, Markus; Fleischner, Andreas (2013): Technology development for real-time teleoperated spacecraft mission operations. In: 2013 IEEE Aerospace Conference. Big Sky, MT, 2-3 March 2013, Pp. 1-10. n Hoehn, A.; Hager, P. B.; Harder, J. T. (2013): Design characterization of an electronic steerable Ka-band antenna using liquid crystal phase shifters. In: 2013 IEEE Aerospace Conference. Big Sky, MT, 2-3 March 2013, Pp. 1-14. n McGrath, C.; Hager, P. (2013): Thermal Analysis of the CubeSat First-MOVE in Preparation for Launch using ESATAN-TMS r4. In: International Academy of Astronautics (Hg.): Proceedings of the 9th IAA Symposium on Small Satellites for Earth Observation. 9th IAA Symposium on Small Satellites for Earth Observation. Berlin, Germany. n Olthoff, C.; Schnaitmann, J. (2013): Development Status of V-SUIT – The Virtual Space Suit simulation software. In: Proceedings of the 43rd International Conference on Environmental Systems, 14-18 July 2013. AIAA. n Olthoff, Claas Tido; Schnaitmann, Jonas; Zhukov, Anton (2014): Development Status of the Dynamic Life Support System Simulation V-HAB. In: Proceedings of the 44th International Conference on Environmental Systems. 44th International Conference on Environmental Systems. Tucson, Arizona, USA, 13-17 July 2014. ICES. n Pederesen, M. N.; Letschnik, J.; Schelde, L.; Karstoft, H.; Schurig, F.; Walter, U. (2013): Three-dimensional radiation pattern measurement strategy for ground station antennas. In: International Journal of Satellite Communications and Networking Volume 31 (Issue 1), pp. 39-50. DOI: 10.1002/sat.1020. n Plötner, P.; Anderson, M.; Czupalla, M.; Ewert, M.; Roth, C.; Zhukov, A. (2013): Status of the Correlation Process of the V-HAB Simulation with Ground Tests and ISS Telemetry Data. In: Proceedings of the 43rd International Conference on Environmental Systems, 14-18 July 2013. AIAA.
n Purschke, R.; Hoehn, A. (2013): Design and characterization of an Antenna Pointing Mechanism for on-orbit servicing missions. In: 2013 IEEE Aerospace Conference. Big Sky, MT, 2-3 March 2013, pp. 1-8. n Purschke, Ralf; Hoehn, Alexander (2014): Evaluation and test of different gear concepts for Ka-band Antenna Pointing Mechanisms. In: 2014 IEEE Aerospace Conference. Big Sky, MT, USA, 1-8 March 2014, pp. 1-8. n Reiss, P.; Hager, P. (2013): Investigation of the flow characteristics of lunar regolith simulants under reduced gravity and vacuum on a partial-g parabolic flight. In: European Geophysical Union (Hg.): Proceedings of the 2013 EGU General Assembly, Vol. 15. General Assembly. European Geophysical Union. n Reiss, P.; Hager, P.; Hoehn, A. (2013): Hopper-Flow of Lunar Regolith Simulants in Reduced Gravity and Vacuum. In: International Society of Terrain-Vehicle Systems (Hg.): Proceedings of the 7th Regional Americas Conference of the International Society of Terrain-Vehicle Systems. International Society of Terrain-Vehicle Systems. n Reiss, P.; Hager, P.; Hoehn, A.; Rott, M.; Walter, U. (2014a): Flowability of lunar regolith simulants under reduced gravity and vacuum in hopper-based conveying devices. In: Journal of Terramechanics 55, pp. 61–72. DOI: 10.1016/j.jterra.2014.04.005. n Reiss, P.; Hager, P.; Parzinger, S.; Henn, N. (2014b): Technological Challenges for In-Situ Investigation of Lunar Resources. In: Proceedings of the European Lunar Symposium. European Lunar Symposium. London, United Kingdom, 15-16 May 2014. n Reiss, P.; Hoehn, A. (2014): Evaluation of Smallscale Penetrators for Lunar Subsurface Investigation. In: Proceedings of the European Lunar Symposium. European Lunar Symposium. London, United Kingdom, 15-16 May 2014. n Reiss, P.; Walter, U. (2013): Compaction of Lunar Regolith Simulants under Reduced Gravity. In: Proceedings of the European Planetary Science Congress 2013, Vol. 8. European Planetary Science Congress. n Schnaitmann, J. (2013): Approach to improve the Crew Module of the Virtual Habitat Simulation to depict Quantitative and Qualitative Crew Efficiency. In: Proceedings of the 43rd International Conference on Environmental Systems, 14-18 July 2013. AIAA. n Takahashi, Tadayuki; den Herder, Jan-Willem A.; Bautz, Mark; Perinati, E.; Rott, M.; Santangelo, A. et al. (2014): Hyper-velocity impact test and simulation of a double-wall shield concept for the Wide Field Monitor aboard LOFT. In: SPIE (Hg.): Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2014: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray. Vol. Tadayuki Takahashi, Jan-Willem A. den Herder und Mark Bautz. Montréal, Quebec, Canada, 22 June 2014: SPIE (SPIE Proceedings, 9144), pp. 914465. n Tan, Jingwen; Ma, Weihua; Wang, Mingming; Luo, Jianjun (2014): Relative Navigation for Space Synchronization Based on GNSS Carrier Phase. In: IAF (Hg.): Proceedings of the 65th International Astronautical Congress. 65th International Astronautical Congress. Toronto, Canada, 29 September - 3 October 2014. International Astronautical Federation. n Ventura, Jacopo; Romano, Marcello (2014): Exact Analytic Solution for the Spin-up Maneuver of an Axially Symmetric Spacecraft. In: Acta Astronautica 104 (1). DOI: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2014.07.038.
Institute of Astronautics
227
n Wang, Mingming; Walter, U.; Luo, Jianjun; Ma, Weihua (2013a): A DDS Based Real-Time Simulation Architecture for Space Robotic Tele-Operation. In: IAF (Hg.): Proceedings of the 64th International Astronautical Congress. International Astronautical Congress. Beijing, China. International Astronautical Federation. n Wang, Mingming; Walter, Ulrich (2013a): Joint Space Dynamics Algorithm for Tree Structure Space Manipulators by Using Inertia Mapping Matrix. In: Zdravko Terze (Hg.): ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on Multibody Dynamics 2013. Zagreb, Croatia, July 1-4, 2013: book of abstracts. Zagreb: University of Zagreb. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture. n Wang, Mingming; Walter, Ulrich (2013b): JointSpace Dynamics Algorithm of Space Manipulators with Tree Structure using Inertia Mapping Matrix. In: IAF (Hg.): Proceedings of the 64th International Astronautical Congress. International Astronautical Congress. Beijing, China. International Astronautical Federation. n Wang, Mingming; Walter, Ulrich (2013c): Kinematics Analysis of Free-Floating Redundant Space Manipulator based on Momentum Conservation. In: Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (Hg.): Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Spacecraft Formation Flying Missions and Technologies. 5th International Conference on Spacecraft Formation Flying Missions and Technologies. Munich, Germany, 29-31 May 2013.
228
Institute of Astronautics
n Wang, Mingming; Walter, Ulrich; Luo, Jianjun (2013b): A Nonlinear Model Predictive Controller for Kinematically Redundant Space Manipulator. In: IAF (Hg.): Proceedings of the 64th International Astronautical Congress. International Astronautical Congress. Beijing, China. International Astronautical Federation. n Wilde, Markus; Harder, Jan; Purschke, Ralf (2013): Operator learning effects in teleoperated rendezvous & docking. In: 2013 IEEE Aerospace Conference. Big Sky, MT, 2-3 March 2013, pp. 1-11. n Zhukov, A.; Roth, C.; Plötner, P.; Czupalla, M. (2013): Simulation of the Temperature and Humidity Control System of International Space Station in the Virtual Habitat. In: Proceedings of the 43rd International Conference on Environmental Systems, 14-18 July 2013. AIAA. n Zhukov, Anton; Czupalla, Markus (2014): The Virtual Habitat - Optimization of Life Support Systems. In: Proceedings of the 44th International Conference on Environmental Systems. 44th International Conference on Environmental Systems. Tucson, Arizona, USA, 13-17 July 2014. ICES.
Institute of Materials Science and Mechanics of Materials Experimental and theoretical characterization of metallic materials
n The focus of the Institute of Materials Science and Mechanics of Materials (WKM) in 2013-14 was to develop further the field of pro cessing-microstructure-properties-relationships of load bearing materials concentrating on metallic materials such as high strength steels, titanium, nickel, aluminum and tungsten alloys. Research is performed employing theoretical, numerical and experimental techniques with equal importance. The associated State Material Testing Laboratory serves as important interface to industry with respect to research oriented (off-routine) testing of materials. Since 2006 WKM hosts the Christian-DopplerLaboratory for Material Mechanics of High Performance Alloys (CDL, headed by Dr. C. Krempaszky). Current research activities concentrate on residual stresses in gas turbine compo nents, their machining via electrochemical metal dissolution or selective laser sinter ing, hot isostatic pressing of precipitation hardening aluminum cast alloys, surface modification of titanium alloys for medical implants, thermal fatigue of semiconduc tor devices, plasticity and failure of high strength sheet steels and fracture mech anics of tungsten alloys as plasma facing components of fusion reactors. The Institute applied successfully for four patents on processing of tungsten via tape casting (together with Siemens).
Prof. Dr. mont. habil. Dr. rer. nat. h. c. Ewald Werner Contact www.wkm.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.15247
Scanning electron microscope at WKM (Photo: WKM)
Deformation and Failure Mechanisms of Thin Sheet Materials for Automotive Applications The desire to produce higher strength steels with formability greater than those obtained in conventional controlled rolled high strength microalloyed grades has led to the development of microstructure strengthened steels. These include dual phase (DP) ferrite-martensite steels, ferrite-bainite steels, transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steels, consisting of ferrite, bainite, and retained austenite, complex phase (CP) and martensite steels. The research activities carried out on this topic concentrate on different grades of industrially produced high strength steels. Formability of the chosen materials is characterized in uni- and multi-axial
deformation experiments. A systematic evaluation of accompanying microstruc tural investigations allows a deepening of understanding of the mechanisms controlling and limiting formability. Special attention is paid to hole expansion testing,
Simulated distribution of plastic equivalent strain in the martensitic phase of a dual phase steel (Quelle: WKM)
Institute of Materials Science and Mechanics of Materials
229
becoming an increasingly important method in describing the formability of high strength steels. Besides experimental investigations on the relationship between microstructural aspects and parameters describing formability, micromechanical modeling approaches are worked out to assess the formability of virtual microstructures, thereby reducing development and testing costs considerably.
Projects n Micromechanical modelling of the formability and failure of DP steels (CDL) n Effect of edge preparation in hole expansion testing (CDL) n Development of an instrumented hole expansion set-up (CDL) n Bainite formation in low alloyed thin sheet steel with increased boron content (CDL) n Strengthening of DP steels by grain size control
Residual Stress Analysis
Forged component of complex geometry positioned at the neutron diffractometer STRESSSPEC for strain mapping (Photo: WKM)
Residual stresses typically act on dif ferent length scales depending on the mechanisms they originate from. They can be beneficial or detrimental for the material and component performance. As a consequence of compressive macroscopic stresses near the surface of a component the accumulation of microcracks can be reduced and the life time of the component can be extended. Further more, macroscopic residual stresses are responsible for distortions of the compo nents during machining. In the worst case
230
Institute of Materials Science and Mechanics of Materials
the desired dimensional accuracy of the component can no longer be achieved. The main focus in this topic is placed on the development and application of experimental methods (such as hole drilling techniques, dissectioning methods and neutron diffraction) for residual stress analysis as well as the theoretical estima tion of the evolution of the residual stress state during the different/critical stages of the production process (e.g. forging/ forming, heat treatment) using adequate semianalytical and numerical modeling approaches. Projects n Residual stresses in geometrically complex structural parts (CDL) n Development of an advanced design and production process of high tem perature Ni-based alloy forgings (EC) n Eigenspannungsbedingter Bauteil verzug in rollgebogenen Stahlprofilen (Heidenhain)
Electrochemical Machining For aircraft engine components exposed to high temperatures and dynamic loadings, Ni-based super alloys are used owing to their high strength at elevated tempera tures and high creep resistance. For the machining of these components, however, conventional methods such as milling are cost-intensive due to excessive tool wear. Electrochemical machining (ECM) and pre cise electrochemical machining (PECM) rely on the controlled anodic dissolution of the workpiece material, thus serving as low-tool-wear and cost-effective alternatives to milling since no mechanical contact is established between tool and workpiece. Challenges related to ECM and PECM include finding appropriate process conditions for the machining of materials of interest, maintaining process stability, and process simulation. In cooperation with MTU Aero Engines and the Institute of Automatic Control, ECM- and PECM-related research
Single-axis laboratory PECM equipment at WKM (Photo: WKM)
activities at WKM include investigation of high-rate anodic dissolution of polyand single-crystalline Ni-based alloys, development of a control system for the PECM process, and simulation-assisted tool shape design. Projects n Innovative, adaptive Prozessregelung ECM/PECM (Federal Ministry of Economy and Technology) n Herstellung von LCF-Proben mittels PECM (MTU) n Elektrochemische Bearbeitung von TiAl (MTU)
Durability Analysis of Integrated Circuits One of the key factors for the rapid technological progress in our time is the development of integrated circuits (ICs) - a wiring of electronic components on a single semiconductor substrate. Growing demands on performance and durability of ICs require an understand ing of possible failure mechanisms. An important cause for damage to ICs arises from thermo-mechanical loads of the involved materials as a result of current pulses. The mismatch in thermal expan sion between the conductor paths made of aluminum and the surrounding inter layer dielectric leads to stresses which cause crack initiation and, consequently, short circuits and the loss of functionality of the assembly. Throughout their service life electronic components undergo millions of load cycles, so that an experimental life cycle analysis during the development process
is costly and may not be feasible. For this purpose simulative life time investi gations are conducted at WKM which take into account the microstructure, the grain orientation and the temperature dependent anisotropic visco-plastic material behavior of aluminum. The small dimensions of the components in the range of μm and the large span of time scales, involving current pulses of a few milliseconds and a service time of several years, put high demands on the material model.
FIB (Focused-Ion-Beam) cross section images through points of failure. Conductor paths with a linewidth of 12.8 μm (left) and 3.2 μm (right). (Source: T. Smorodin, J. Wilde, P. Alpern, M. Stecher, IEEE Transactions on Device and Materials Reliability 8 (2008) 590-599)
Projects n Modellierung der Metallisierung in integrierten Schaltungen (DFG) Institute of Materials Science and Mechanics of Materials
231
Research Focus n Testing and modelling of metallic high performance alloys (iron-, nickel-, titanium- and aluminum-based alloys) n Residual stress determination via diffraction methods (X-rays, neutrons) and incremental hole drilling n Microstructure based numerical modelling n Electron and light microscopy n Mechanical testing n Electrochemical machining
Management Prof. Dr. mont. habil. Dr. rer. nat. h. c. Ewald Werner, Director Dr.-Ing. Christian Krempaszky
Competence n High resolution scanning electron microscopy n Diffraction techniques n Material testing on demand
Research Scientists Dipl.-Ing. Alexander Fillafer Stephan Hafenstein, M. Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Florian Hairer Dipl.-Ing. Peter Holfelder Dipl.-Ing. Christiane Kellerer Dr.-Ing. Lisa Koll Muyuan Li, M.Sc. Dipl.-Phys. Jinming Lu Dipl.-Ing. Felix Meier Dipl.-Ing. Gerwin Riedl Dr.-Ing. Cornelia Schwarz Johannes Seidl, M.Sc. Mathias Sommerer, M.Sc. Anneka Vogel, M.Sc. Dr. mont. Zhonghua Wang Dipl.-Ing. Robert Wesenjak
Infrastructure n Material testing equipment n Light and electron microscopes n Hot isostatic press n Dilatometers and annealing simulator n Electrical and mechanical workshops n Electrochemical machining workstation n X-ray diffractometers Courses n Materials Science I and II n Engineering Materials Technology n Engineering Mechanics for Business Sciences n Fracture Mechanics/Plasticity Theory n Tensor Calculus for Engineers n Finite Elements in Mechanics of Materials n Electron Microscopy n Laboratory Courses on Materials Science, Mechanics of Materials and Finite Element Methods
232
Institute of Materials Science and Mechanics of Materials
Adjunct Professors Hon.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dr. Eng. (Univ. Nagoya/ Japan) Harald Bolt Administrative Staff Yvonne Jahn Melanie Laubenbacher
Technical Staff Wolfgang Bauer Brigitte Hadler Alois Huber Stefan Humplmair Carola Reiff Jens Reuter, B.Sc. Caner Yanbaz
Publications 2013-14 n T. Schmitz, C. Hertl, E. Werner, U. Gbureck, J. Groll, C. Moseke: Oxygen diffusion hardening of tantalum coatings on cp-titanium for biomedical applications. Surface and Coatings Technology 216 (2013) 46-51. DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2012.11.021. n T. Taxer, C. Schwarz, W. Smarsly, E. Werner: A finite element approach to study the influence of cast pores on the mechanical properties of the Ni-base alloy MAR-M247. Mater. Sci. Engng. A575 (2013) 144-151. DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2013.02.067 n K. Hausmann, D. Krizan, K. Spiradek-Hahn, A. Pichler, E. Werner: The Influence of Nb on the transformation behavior and mechanical properties of TRIP-assisted bainitic-ferritic sheet steels. Mater. Sci. Engng. A588 (2013) 142-150. DOI: 10.1016/j. msea.2013.08.023 n K. Hausmann, D. Krizan, A. Pichler, E. Werner: Trip-aided bainitic-ferritic sheet steel: a critical assessment of alloy design and heat treatment. In: Proc. MS&T 2013, Advanced Steel Metallurgy: Design, Processing, and Technological Exploitation, Association for Iron & Steel and TMS, Warrendale, PA, USA (2013) 209-219. n E. Werner, A. Fillafer: Stahl ein Leichtbauwerkstoff mit Tradition und Zukunft. lightweightdesign 6 (2013) 12-17. n J. Rehrl, K. Mraczek, A. Pichler, E. Werner: Mecha nical properties and fracture behavior of hydrogen charged AHSS/UHSS grades at high and low strain rate tests. Mater. Sci. Engng. A590 (2014) 360-367. DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2013.10.044 n J. Lu, G. Riedl, B. Kiniger, E.A. Werner: Threedimensional tool design for steady-state electro chemical machining by continuous adjoint-based shape optimization. Chem. Engng. Sci. 106 (2014) 198-210. DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2013.11.040 n J. Rehrl, A. Pichler, K. Mraczek, E. Werner: Influence of microstructure and Ti(C,N) in the susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement of AHSS grades for the automotive industry. In: Proc. of International Hydrogen Conference (IHC 2012): Hydrogen-Mate rials Interactions, B.P. Somerday, P. Sofronis (Eds.), ASME Press, New York, NY, USA (2014) 137-146. n J. Rehrl, K. Mraczek, A. Pichler, E. Werner: The impact of Nb, Ti, Zr, B, V and Mo on the hydrogen diffusion in four different AHSS/UHSS microstruc tures. Steel research int. 85 (2013) 336-346. DOI: 10.1002/srin.201300087
n J. Rehrl, K. Mraczek, A. Pichler, E. Werner: The impact of hydrogen on the mechanical properties of AHSS/ UHSS grades at low- and high strain rates. In: Proc. of 2nd Int. Conf. on Metals & Hydrogen. SteelyHydrogen 2014 , Ghent, BE, May 5-7, 2014, L. Duprez (Eds.), OCAS NV, (2014) 21-34. n C. Hertl, L. Koll, T. Schmitz, E. Werner, U, Gbureck: Strucutral characterisation of oxygen diffusion hardened alpha-tantalum PVD-coatings on titanium. Mater. Sci. Engng., C41 (2014) 28-35. DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.03.018 n M. Metzger, M. Leidenfrost, E. Werner, H. Riedel: Lifetime prediction of EN-GJV 450 cast iron cylinder heads under combined thermo-mechanical and high cycle fatigue loading. SAE Int. J. of Engines 7 (2014) 1073-1083. DOI: 10.4271/2014-01-9047 n A. Fillafer, C. Krempaszky, E. Werner: On strain par titioning and micro-damage behavior of dual-phase steels. Mater. Sci. Engng. A614 (2014) 180-192, DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2014.07.029 n F. Ohmenhäuser, C. Schwarz, S. Thalmair, H. S. Evirgen: Constitutive modeling of the thermomechanical fatigue and lifetime behavior of the cast steel 1.4849. Mat. Des. 64 (2014) 631-639. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2014.08.016 n T. Schmitz, F. Warmuth, E. Werner, C. Hertl, J. Groll, U. Gbureck, C. Moseke: Physical and chemical characterization of Ag-doped Ti coatings produced by magnetron sputtering of modular targets. Mater. Sci. Engng. C44 (2014) 126-131. DOI: 10.1016/j. msec.2014.08.024 n M. Li, E. Werner, J.-H. You: Fracture mechanical analysis of tungsten armor failure of a water-cooled divertor target. Fusion Engn. and Design 89 (2014) 2716-2725. DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2014.07.011 n F. Meier, C. Schwarz, E. Werner: Crystal-plasticity based thermo-mechanical modeling of Al-com ponents in integrated circuits. Comput. Mater. Sci. 94 (2014) 122-131. DOI: 10.1016/j.com matsci.2014.03.020 n C. Krempaszky, P. Larour, J, Freudenthaler, E. Werner: Towards more efficient hole expansions testing. In: Proc. of International Deep Drawing Research Group (IDDRG 2014): Innovations for the sheet metal industry, Paris, FR, June 1-4, 2014, H. Sfar, A. Maillard (Eds.), (2014) 204-209
Institute of Materials Science and Mechanics of Materials
233
Institute of Biochemical Engineering Industrial biotechnology
n Industrial biotechnology (‘white biotechnology’) makes use of micro organisms or enzymes for the industrial production of chemicals like special and fine chemicals, building blocks for agricultural or pharma ceutical products, additives for manufacturing as well as bulk chemicals and fuels.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dirk Weuster-Botz Contact
Renewable resources are the favored raw materials for industrial biotechnology. The Institute of Biochemical Engineering is dealing with all aspects of the technical use of biochemical reactions for industrial biotechnology. The research focus is on bioreactors and biocatalysis, as well as on (gas-) fermentation and bioprocess integration.
www.biovt.mw.tum.de/ bioverfahrenstechnik
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.15712
View into a stirred-tank bioreactor at the Institute of Biochemical Engineering (copyright: Weuster-Botz, TUM)
Bioreactors Highlight The license holder 2mag AG, Munich, Germany starts commercialization of the bioREACTOR48, a parallel stirred-tank bioreactor system developed at the Institute of Biochemical Engineering.
Gas-inducing stirrers for 48 parallel stirred-tank bioreactors (copyright: 2mag AG – www.2mag.de)
The effective generation of process information represents a major bottleneck in microbial production process development and optimization. An approach to overcome the necessity of a large number of time- and labor-consuming experiments in lab-scale bioreactors is miniaturization and parallelization of stirred-tank reactors along with automation of process management.
234
Institute of Biochemical Engineering
Projects n High throughput reaction engineering analysis of halophilic microorganisms for enzyme production n Continuous fermentations in miniatur ized stirred-tank reactors n Micro-dosing device and micro-sensors for pH control in parallel bioreactors n Reaction engineering studies of butanol fermentation with Clostridium aceto butylicum strains in parallel stirred-tank reactors
Biocatalysis High demands are set upon the optical purity of building-blocks for the production of pharmaceuticals. Due to the high natural selectivity of biocatalysts, biocatalysis appears as favorable method for the purpose of chiral syntheses. Major research interests are the development of new reaction engineering methods and devices to intensify whole cell biotransformations of hydrophobic, unstable and/or toxic substrates up to the technical scale. Highlight The whole-cell biocatalytic process, developed at the Institute of Biochemical Engineering for the production of a cholic acid derivative (pharmaceutically used for the non-surgical dissolution of gallstones) was transferred to the industrial scale by the cooperation partner PharmaZell GmbH, Raubling, Germany. Projects n Polymeric nano-compartments for biocatalytic applications n Membrane functionalisation of nanoscale enzyme membrane reactors
Scheme of the intracellular reactions established in E. coli for the production of the cholic acid derivative 12 keto-UDCA (copyright: Sun, TUM)
n Surface functionalisation of nano-scale enzyme membrane reactors n Minimal cells for multi-enzyme syn thesis n Production of N-acetylneuraminic acid using epimerases from cyanobacteria n Stereoselective multi-step reduction of dehydrocholic acid with hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases n Asymmetric reductions using novel ene-reductases from cyanobacteria
Fermentation Making use of microorganisms for the production of chemicals from renewable resources is the core of industrial biotechnology. Reaction engineering analyses of metabolically optimized producer strains and metabolic analyses of microorganisms in production processes are necessary for efficient bio-production on an industrial scale. Highlight The fermentation process optimized at the Institute of Biochemical Engineering for the recombinant production of spider silk proteins with bacteria was transferred to the industrial scale (> 50 m3) by the cooperation partner AMSilk GmbH, Planegg, Germany.
Projects n Bioprocess development for the production of single-stranded DNA n Microbial electrosynthesis for the production of chemicals n Metabolic analyses of recombinant microorganisms from production processes n Microbial production of lipids n Metabolic control Analysis of microbial fed-batch production of L-phenyl alanine n Reaction engineering analysis of Escherichia coli for the production of a hydrophobic spider silk protein
Pilot-scale fermentations were performed at the TUM-Research Center for Industrial Biotechno logy (copyright: TUM)
Institute of Biochemical Engineering
235
Gas Fermentation Special microorganisms are able to produce chemicals with carbon dioxide as sole carbon source. Energy may be supplied from sunlight or hydrogen gas. Bioprocess engineering is the key to make use of these energy sources for the microbial production of chemicals from carbon dioxide on an industrial scale.
Flat-panel photo-bioreactor operated at the Institute of Bio chemical Engineering (copyright: Weuster-Botz, TUM)
Highlight Reaction conditions were identified for the microbial production of acetate from CO2 and H2 with Acetobacterium woodii resulting in the highest product concentrations reported so far (> 60 g L-1).
Projects n Modeling of microalgae cultivation in open photobioreactors n Characterization of new microalgae for open photobioreactors n Mass production of microalgae in open photobioreactors n Reaction engineering analysis of new microalgae n Bioelectrosynthesis for the production of chemicals from carbon dioxide n Microbial production of chemicals from synthesis gas n Hydrogenotrophic production of acetic acid
Bioprocess Integration In many cases, downstream processing is by far the most cost-intensive step of a bioprocess. Often, multiple-step bio separations are required yielding rather low product yields. Therefore, existing bioseparation pro cesses should be improved and combined to reduce the number of process steps. The focus is on bioprocess integration of fermentation/biocatalysis and downstream processing (and follow-up chemistry). Crystal of a therapeutic monoclo nal antibody produced in a stirred crystallizer (copyright: Smejkal, TUM)
236
Institute of Biochemical Engineering
Highlight Process protein crystallization was shown to be an efficient, scalable, fast, and inexpensive alternative to key steps of a standard purification process for therapeutic antibodies.
Projects n Non-stationary hydrodynamics of chromatography columns n Preparative purification of proteins via crystallization n Preparative purification of proteins via extraction n Purification and formulation of a therapeutic antibody by crystallization n Protein crystallization in stirred-tank reactors
Research Focus n Micro-bioprocess engineering/bio reactors n Biocatalysis n Fermentation n Gas fermentation n Bioprocess integration Competence n Design and automation of bioreactor systems n Bioprocess development and optimization n Metabolic analysis of microbial reactions in bioreactors n Metabolomics n Downstream processing Infrastructure n Stirred-tank bioreactor systems up to a 100 L-scale n Flat-panel photobioreactor systems with high-power LEDs n Parallel bioreactor systems automated with lab-robots n Anaerobic work benches/sterile laminar flow work benches n Syngas labs (CO2, CO, H2) n Phage lab n Cooled lab (4° C) n Electronic/mechanical work shop n Analytical lab (LC-MS, flow cytometry, GC, LC, …) Courses n Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals n Biochemical Engineering n Bioprocesses n Bioprocesses and Bioproduction n Industrial Bioprocesses n Bioreactors/Bioreaction Engineering n Environmental and Biochemical Engineering n Separation of macromolecular bio products n Practical training on biochemical engineering n Practical training on bioprocess engineering
Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dirk Weuster-Botz, Director Administrative Staff Ellen Truxius Gabriele Herbrik Research Scientists Dr. Kathrin Castiglione, TUM Junior Fellow Dr.-Ing. Dariusch Hekmat Dr.-Ing. Dominik Maslak Dipl.-Ing. Michael Weiner Dirk Hebel, M.Sc. (Dissertation 2013) Michael Schmidt, M.Sc. (Dissertation 2013) Benjamin Smejkal, M.Sc. (Dissertation 2013) Yilei Fu, M.Sc. (Dissertation 2013) Nils Janzen, M.Sc. (Dissertation 2014) Boqiao Sun, M.Sc. (Dissertation 2014) Georg Faust, M.Sc. (Dissertation 2014) Ilka Sührer, M.Sc. Christina Kantzow, M.Sc. Anna Groher, M.Sc. Andreas Schmideder, M.Sc. Ludwig Klermund, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Dipl.-Wirt.Ing. Andreas Apel Sarah Poschenrieder, M.Sc. Julia Tröndle, M.Sc. Tom Schwarzer, M.Sc. Anja Koller, M.Sc. Andrea Weber, M.Sc. Benjamin Kick, M.Sc. Sarah Hintermayer, M.Sc. Eva Schußmann, M.Sc. Kathrin Doll, M.Sc. Martin Dorn, M.Sc. Christina Pfaffinger, M.Sc. Timm Severin, M.Sc. Technical Staff Georg Kojro Norbert Werth Markus Amann Florian Sedlmaier
Institute of Biochemical Engineering
237
Publications 2013-14 n Albermann C, Weiner M, Tröndle J, Weuster-Botz D, Sprenger GA (2014): Utilization of organophosphate: phosphate antitransporter for isotope-labeling experiments in E. coli. FEMS Microbiol Lett 361: 52-61. n Bendig C, Weuster-Botz D (2013): Reaction engineering analysis of cellulase production with Trichoderma reesei RUT-C30 with intermittent substrate supply. Bioproc Biosys Eng 36: 893-900. n Brüning S, Weuster-Botz D (2014): CFD analysis of interphase mass transfer and energy dissipation in a milliliter-scale stirred-tank reactor for filamentous microorganisms. Chem Eng Res Des 92: 240-248. n Delhomme C, Schaper LA, Zhang-Preße M, Raudaschl-Sieber G, Weuster-Botz D, Kühn FE (2013): Catalytic hydrogenation of levulinic acid in aqueous phase. J Organomet Chem 724: 297-299. n Faust G, Janzen N, Bendig C, Römer L, Kaufmann K, Weuster-Botz D (2014): Feeding strategies enhance high cell density cultivation and protein expression in milliliter-scale bioreactors. Biotechnol J 9: 1293-1303. n Fu Y, Castiglione K, Weuster-Botz D (2013): Com parative characterization of novel ene-reductases from cyanobacteria. Biotechnol Bioeng 110: 12931301. n Hebel D, Huber S, Stanislawski B, Hekmat D (2013): Stirred batch crystallization of a therapeutic antibody fragment. J Biotechnol 166: 206-211. n Hebel D, Ürdingen M, Hekmat D, Weuster-Botz D (2013): Development and scale-up of high-yield crystallization processes of lysozyme and lipase using additives. Cryst Growth Des 13: 2499-2506. n Hekmat D, Kuhn M, Meinhardt V, Weuster-Botz D (2013): Modeling of transient flow through a viscoelastic preparative chromatography packing. Biotechnol Prog 29: 958-967. n Hölsch K, Sührer I, Heusel M, Weuster-Botz D (2013): Engineering of formate dehydrogenase: Synergistic effect of mutations affecting cofactor specificity and chemical stability. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 97: 2473-2481. n Klermund L, Groher A, Castiglione K (2013): New N-acyl-D-glucosamine 2-epimerases from cyanobacteria with high activity in the absence of ATP and low inhibition by pyruvate. J Biotechnol 168: 256-263. n Liu L, Braun M, Gebhardt G, Weuster-Botz D, Gross R, Schmid RD (2013): One step synthesis of 12-ketoursodeoxycholic acid from dehydrocholic acid using a multienzymatic system. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 97: 633-639.
238
Institute of Biochemical Engineering
n Riedlberger P, Brüning S, Weuster-Botz D (2013): Characterization of stirrers for screening studies of enzymatic biomass hydrolyses on a milliliter-scale. Bioproc Biosys Eng 36: 927-935. n Smejkal B, Agrawal NJ, Helk B, Schulz H, Giffard M, Mechelke M, Ortner F, Heckmeier P, Trout BL, Hekmat D (2013): Fast and scalable purification of a therapeutic full-length antibody based on process crystallization. Biotechnol Bioeng 110: 2452-2461. n Smejkal B, Helk B, Rondeau JM, Anton S, Wilke A, Scheyerer P, Fries J, Hekmat D, Weuster-Botz D (2013): Protein crystallization in stirred systems – Scale-up via the maximum local energy dissipation. Biotechnol Bioeng 110: 1956-1963. n Straub M, Demler M, Weuster-Botz D, Dürre P (2014): Selective enhancement of autotrophic actetate production with genetically modified Acetobacterium woodii. J Biotechnol 178: 67-72. n Sührer I, Haslbeck M, Castiglione K (2014): Asymmetric synthesis of a Fluoxetin precursor with an artificial fusion protein of a ketoreductase and a formate dehydrogenase. Proc Biochem 49: 1527-1532. n Sun B, Kantzow C, Bresch S, Castiglione K, Weuster-Botz D (2013): Multi-enzymatic onepot reduction of dehydrocholic acid to 12ketoursodeoxycholic acid with whole-cell biocatalysts. Biotechnol Bioeng 110: 68-77. n Weiner M, Albermann C, Gottlieb K, Sprenger GA, Weuster-Botz D (2014): Fed-batch production of L-phenylalanine from glycerol and ammonia with recombinant Escherichia coli. Biochem Eng J 83: 62-69. n Weiner M, Tröndle J, Albermann C, Sprenger GA, Weuster-Botz D (2014): Carbon storage in recombinant Escherichia coli during growth on glycerol and lactic acid. Biotechnol Bioeng, 111: 2508-2519. n Weiner M, Tröndle J, Albermann C, Sprenger GA, Weuster-Botz D (2014): Improvement of constraintbased flux estimation during L-phenylalanine production with Escherichia coli using targeted knock-out mutants. Biotechnol Bioeng 111: 1406-1416.
Institute of Medical and Polymer Engineering Medical and polymer engineering, process & manufacturing method development, sterile production, vascular and cardiac engineering
n The Institute of Medical and Polymer Technology inaugurated the Central Institute for Medical Engineering in 2000 and established in the same year the Masters Curriculum of Medical Engineering, the first one of its kind on university level in Germany, and it offers a comprehensive curriculum in medical engineering and in polymer engineering. Today more than 400 students follow the Institutes courses and seminars every semester. Teaching is focused on industrial and clinical needs primarily. The Institute represents two main and interacting focus areas: A) Medical engineering with a strong impact on biocompatible materials engineering, mainly process engineer ing of materials and designing of tools, molds and parts, specified for medical implants made from non-metallic orga nic materials. It develops new surfaces and structures of materials-cell-interfa ces, i.e. porosities, in order to optimize biocompatibility behaviour following implantation in patients. It provides respective testing, including biotoxicity testing and the development of tissue engineering systems. B) Polymer engineering and tooling is intensively represented with an outstan ding polymer technology infrastructure. All industrially relevant processes are presented in teaching, micro-injec
tion molding is a key research area. This includes the entire designing and manufacturing process of tools, devices and machines, i.e. the most compact injection molding machine worldwide has been designed and manufactured by us.
Prof. Dr. med. Dr.-Ing. habil. Erich Wintermantel Contact
Research currently concentrates on three main areas: 1) Hemocompatible and hemoactive surfaces, biosystems, devices and implants and corresponding relevant manufacturing processes, 2) Functionalized polymeric implants through process engineering, 3) Improved polymers, process tooling and analysis tools, i.e. surface modifi cation or materials reinforcements, all strictly oriented towards high socioeco nomic impact.
www.medtech.mw.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.16701
Research Example Autosterility: Fundamentals and Experimental Examination of Polymer Processing Technology Sterile medical single use products are indispensable to fulfill many tasks within medicine. To date, the manufacturing and sterilization processes are separated steps within the production of sterile medical products. This research work focuses on the autosterile polymer molding without subsequent sterilization. Sub-steps of the manufacturing chain are investigated by validation methods for sterility with focus on the autosterile production. An auto sterile injection molding concept has been
© Schönberger, M., 2014
developed with recommendation concern ing validation and implementation. Institute of Medical and Polymer Engineering
239
Research Example Hematogenous Growth Factors: Isolation, Application and Biological Activity Hematogenous, autologous platelet deri ved growth factors represent a promising new wound care concept. Optimized preparation of platelet concentrate from patient‘s whole blood and an innovative hand-held device for application to wound surfaces is developed. Subsequently the biological activity is evaluated in vitro. Correlations between preparation process, state of platelet activation and the proliferation-promoting effect of the concentrates are worked out.
Research Focus n Vascular and cardiac engineering n Medical polymer engineering n Machine and process technology n Polymer technology n Sterile polymer manufacturing n Implantology n Drug release systems Competence n Polymer processing n Polymer testing n Bio-/hemocompatibility testing n Polymer aging n Polymer design n Medical device design n Polymer process simulation n Mechanical and fluid dynamic simulation n Virtual planning and modelling n Engineering medical devices n Incubator and cell culture design Infrastructure n Tech lab (CNC milling machine, water jet cutting, etc.) n Bio lab (S1 classified for bio-/hemo comp., sterility testing) n Polymer lab (molding machines and testing)
240
Institute of Medical and Polymer Engineering
© Wacker, S., 2013
Courses n Introduction in Medical and Polymer Technology n Basics Medical Engineering: Bio compatible Materials 1 n Biocompatible Materials 2 n Polymers and Polymer Technology n Trends in Medical Engineering I & II n Research laboratories Management Prof. Dr. med. Dr.-Ing. habil. Erich Wintermantel, Director Dr. med. Markus Eblenkamp, Assistant Director Susanne Wiedl Dr.-Ing. Markus Schönberger Dipl.-Ing. Miriam Haerst Adjunct Professors Dr.-Ing. Marcus Heindl Dr.-Ing. Christian Wende Administrative Staff Susanne Wiedl Doctoral Candidates and Research Scientists Dipl.-Ing. Max Bauer Dipl.-Ing. Cécile Boudot Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Brehm
Katharina Düregger, M.Sc. Dr. med. Markus Eblenkamp Johannes Gattinger, M.Sc. Markus Geith, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Miriam Haerst Dipl.-Ing. Sebastian Koller Dipl.-Ing. Fabian König Dipl.-Ing. Erhard Krampe Ana Lilia Nowak, B.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Matthias Pigerl Christin Rapp, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Robeck Peter Röstel, M.Sc. Dr.-Ing. Markus Schönberger Dipl.-Ing. Catherine Schreiber Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Schuh Ilse Schunn, CTA Dipl.-Ing. Vera Seitz
Technical Staff Uli Ebner (Master, supervisor) Georg Lerchl Florian Huber Severin Lindemeier Martin Streifeneder Peter Pichler Christian Gastinger Research Students 15 research & teaching assistants 120 research theses (2013), > 8 per doctoral candidate
Publications 2013-14 n Boudot, C., Freihart, K., Linder, A., Eblenkamp, M., Haerst,M., Wintermantel, E.: Surface Functionaliza tion of Silicone Rubber for Improved Cell Adhesion. 48. Annual Conference of the DGBMT, 2014 n Boudot, C., Recht, S., Eblenkamp, M., Haerst, M., Wintermantel, E.: Protein Adsorption and Adhesion of Blood Platelets on Silicone Rubber under Static and Dynamic Flow Conditions.6th European Con ference of the International Federation for Medical and Biological Engineering, 2014 n Dierkesmann, K., Krampe, E., Wintermantel, E.: Development of an MR-safe and MR-compatible catheter guidewire using carbon fiber reinforced plastics. Kunststoffprodukte in der Medizin - Endos kope und Katheter, 2014 n Eblenkamp, M., Haag, L., Pfeifer, S., Wintermantel, E.: Software-Based System for Automatic 3D Dendritic Spine Evaluation for Research on Alz heimer’s Disease. 6th European Conference of the International Federation for Medical and Biological Engineering, 2014, 138-141 n Froehlich, M., Strohmayr, M., Seibold, U., Krampe, E., Wintermantel, E.: Towards Realistic Haptic Organ Phantoms for Medical Training. 48th Annual Conference of the DGBMT, 2014 n Gattinger, J., Schönberger, M., Wintermantel, E., Rau, A., Wolff, K.D., Loeffelbein, D.J.: Computer aided Modelling of Nasoalveolar Molding Devices for Cleft Lip and Palate Treatment. 48th Annual Conference of the DGBMT, 2014 n Haerst, M., Ahrens, M., Seitz, V., Wintermantel, E.: Electrospinning of commercially available silicone rubber. 48th Annual Conference of the DGBMT, 2014 n Haerst, M., Engelsing, K.: Einflüsse von Reinigung, Desinfektion und Sterilisation auf Kunststoffe in Medizinprodukten. Fachtagung Kunststoffprodukte in der Medizin - Endoskope und Katheter, 2014
n Haerst, M., Seitz, V., Ahrens, M., Boudot, C., Wintermantel, E.: Silicone Fiber Electrospinning for Medical Applications. 6th European Conference of the International Federation for Medical and Biological Engineering, IFMBE Proceedings, 2014 n Huppmann, T., Wintermantel, E.: Fighting Germs with Solar Energy. Kunststoffe International 104 (5), 2014, 60-63 n Huppmann, T., Wintermantel, E.: Geeignete Matrixsysteme für titandioxidbasierte antimikrobielle Kunststoffe. VDI Fachtagung Kunststoffe in der Medizintechnik, 2014 n Huppmann, T., Wintermantel, E.: Geeignete Matrixsysteme für titandioxidbasierte antimikrobielle Kunststoffe. VDI Kunststoffe in der Medizintechnik, 2014, 127-138 n Huppmann, T., Wintermantel, E.: Kampf dem Keim durch Sonnenkraft. Kunststoffe 104 (5), 2014, 104-107 n Koller, S., Fiolka, A., Schneider, A., Schönberger, M., Wintermantel, E., Feußner, H.: Entwicklung eines Single-Use-Applikators für endoskopische Nieten bei NOTES-Eingriffen. Kunststoffprodukte in der Medizin - Endoskope und Katheter, 2014 n Rapp, C., Huppmann, T., Gattinger, J., Eblenkamp, M., Wintermantel, E.: Improving the antibacterial effect of polyamide 12 by functionalization of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. 48th Annual Conference of the DGBMT, 2014 n Schulte, J., Friedrich, A., Hollweck, T., König F., Eblenkamp, M., Beiras-Fernandez A., Fano, C., Hagl C., Akra B.: A Novel Seeding and Condition ing Bioreactor for Vascular Tissue Engineering. Processes 2 (3), 2014, 526-547 n Schönberger, M., Hierl, F., Haerst, M., Wintermantel, E.: Suitability of Screw Plasticization for Autosterile Injection Molding. Advances in Polymer Technology 33 (2), 2014
Institute of Medical and Polymer Engineering
241
n Schönberger, M., Schaller, C., Seitz, V., Haerst, M., Eblenkamp, M., Wintermantel, E.: Suitability of OpenAir Plasma Beams for Medical Device Steriliza tion. 48th Annual Conference of the DGBMT, 2014 n Schönberger, M., Wintermantel, E., Hoffstetter, M: Autosterile injection molding (AIM): A new manu facturing approach for medical single use products. ANTEC 2014 - Proceedings of the Technical Conference & Exhibition , 2014 n Schönberger, M., Wintermantel, E., Seitz, V., Hoffstet ter, M.: Reinraumfertigung: Autosterile Spritzgießpro duktion. Kunststoffe 104 (5), 2014, 88-92 n Schönberger, M., Wintermantel, E., Seitz, V., Hoffstetter, M., Cleanroom production: Autosterile Injection Molding Production. Kunststoffe internati onal, (5), 2014, pp. 50-53 n Seitz, V., Hoffstetter, M., Haerst, M., Krampe, E., Wintermantel, E.: Polymeric Hard-Soft-Combina tions by Multi-Component Injection Molding for Small Medical Devices. 48th Annual Conference of the DGBMT, 2014 n Wiederer, C., Fröhlich, M., Krampe, E., Winterman tel, E., Strohmayr, M.: Towards tactile sensation in laparoscopic surgery. Kunststoffprodukte in der Medizin - Endoskope und Katheter, 2014 n Wolter, L., Eblenkamp, M., Schönberger, M., Haerst, M., Wintermantel, E.: Finite-element-analysis of a six-hole tibia shaft locking plate to optimize the screw hole position. Biomedizinische Technik 59 (1), 2014, 1136-1139 n Ziegelmeier, S., Panagiotis, C., Wöllecke, F., Tuck, C., Goodridge, R., Hague, R., Krampe, E., Wintermantel, E.: An experimental study into the effects of bulk and flow behavior of laser sintering polymer powders on resulting part properties. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 215, 2014, 239-250 n Bergmann, B., Wacker, S., Eblenkamp, M., Wintermantel, E.: Wound healing induction with platelet concentrates – evaluation of a new growth factor application system. Forum Life Science 2013 201314.03.2013 n Dittmann, R., Wintermantel, E., Graule, T.: Sintering of nano-sized titania particles and the effect of chlo rine impurities. Journal of the European Ceramic Society 33 (15-1 6), 2013, 3257-3264 n Frank, M. J., Walter, M. S., Lyngstadaas, S. P., Wintermantel, E., Haugen, H. J.: Hydrogen content in titanium and a titanium-zirconium alloy after acid etching. Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications 33 (3), 2013, 1282-1288 n Haerst, M., Wintermantel, E., Krampe, E., Schön berger, M., Engelsing, K., Heidemeyer, P.: Effect of Repeated Sterilization. Kunststoffe 103 (2), 2013, 54-57 n Haerst, M., Wintermantel, E., Krampe, E., Schönberger, M., Engelsing, K., Heidemeyer, P.: Aus wirkung der Mehrfachsterilisation. Kunststoffe 103 (2), 2013, 82-85 n Herrmann, F. E. M., Lehner, A., Hollweck, T., Haas, U., Fano, C., Fehrenbach, D., Kozlik-Feldmann, R., Wintermantel, E., Eissner, G., Hagl, C., Akra, B.: In vitro biological and mechanical evaluation of various scaffold materials for myocardial tissue engineering. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research - Part A, 2013 n Horper, M., Kohn, N., Horst, G., Koller, S., Fiolka, A., Schneider, A., Krampe, E., Feußner, H., Ulbrich, H., Wintermantel, E.: A visualization chain for mecha tronic platforms in single-port surgery and NOTES. 1st Russian-German Conference on Biomedical Engineering, 201323-24.10.2013
242
Institute of Medical and Polymer Engineering
n Huppmann, T.: Antimicrobial Polymers – The Anti bacterial Effect of Photoactivated Nano Titanium Dioxide Polymer Composites. PPS 29, Nürnberg, 2013 n Huppmann, T.: Antimikrobielle Wirkung von Bauteilen aus Titandioxid-Kunststoff-Kompositen. 9. ThGOT Thementage Grenz- und Oberflächen technik, 2013 n Huppmann, T., Hanselmann, N., Haller, N., Leon hardt, S., Wintermantel, E.: Antimikrobielle Wirkung von Bauteilen aus Titandioxid-Kunststoff-Kompo siten. Tagungsband 9. Thementage Grenz- und Oberflächentechnik, 2013, 194-199 n Huppmann, T., Leonhardt, S., Schönberger, M., Wintermantel, E.: Antimicrobial Activity of TitaniumDioxide-Polyamide- Composites Depending on Hygroscopicity. Euromat 2013, 2013 n Huppmann, T., Yatsenko, S., Leonhardt, S., Radovanovic, I., Bastian, M., Wintermantel, E.: Antimicrobial polymers - the antibacterial effect of photoactivated nano titanium dioxyde polymer composite. Proceedings of the Polymer Processing Society 29th Annual Meeting, 2013, 09-180 n Kruppa, S., Hämmerl, S., Schiffers, R., Krampe, E., Wintermantel,E: Analysis of the filling cycle and automated determinatiopn of the change-over point with sensor systems on the machine and comparison with conventional switchover methods in injection molding. Proccedings of the Polymer Processing Society 29th Annual Meeting, 2013 n Leonhardt, S., Huppmann, T., Wintermantel, E.: Antimicrobial efficacy of titanium dioxide (TiO2) polypropylene (PP) composites. Bayern Innovativ - Forum Life Science 201313.03.2013 n Mosdzinski, A., Haerst, M., Schönberger, M., Wintermantel, E., Engelsing, K., Heidemeyer, P.: Clinical use of thermoplastic polymers - aging after hygienic reprocessing. Forum Life Science 2013 201313./14.03.2013 n Pertl, C., Eblenkamp, M., Pertl, A., Pfeifer, S., Wintermantel, E., Lochmuller, H., Walter, M., Krause, S., Thirion, C.: A new web-based method for automated analysis of muscle histology. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 14 (1), 2013, 26 n Ravichandran, R., Seitz, V., Reddy Venugopal, J., Sridhar, R., Sundarrajan, S., Mukherjee, S., Win termantel, E., Ramakrishna, S.: Mimicking Native Extracellular Matrix with Phytic Acid-Crosslinked Protein Nanofibers for Cardiac Tissue Engineering. Macromolecular Bioscience 13 (3), 2013, 366-375 n Ravichandran, R., Venugopal, J. R., Mueller, M., Sundarrajan, S., Mukherjee, S., Pliska, D., Winter mantel, E., Ramakrishna, S.: Buckled structures and 5-azacytidine enhance cardiogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells. Nanomedicine 8 (12), 2013, 1985-1997 n Thierfelder, N., Koenig, F., Bombien, R., Fano, C., Reichart, B., Wintermantel, E., Schmitz, C., Akra, B.: In Vitro Comparison of Novel Polyurethane Aortic Valves and Homografts After Seeding and Conditioning. ASAIO Journal 59 (3), 2013, 309-316 n Wagner, D., Staack, H., Krampe, E., Klaus, C., Wintermantel, E.: Systematic design approach for FRP components in electric energy storage systems of hybrid electric vehicles. Polymer Processing Society 29th Annual Meeting 2013 n Wolff, T., Lasso, A., Eblenkamp, M., Wintermantel, E., Fichtinger, G.: C-arm angle measurement with accelerometer for brachytherapy: an accuracy study. International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery, 2013, 1-8
Institute for Machine Tools and Manufacturing Technology Perspectives for production
n In 2013-14, the focus of the Chair for Machine Tools and Production Engineering was on the machining of materials and the processing thereof into composite materials. With emphasis being placed on light-weight design, new production processes were researched and further optimized using suitable simulation models. With regard to light-weight structures that are optimally adapted to the respective loads, bionic approaches such as the adaptation of natural honeycomb and grid structures have proven to be particularly suitable for achieving the desired goals in the area of additive production processes. With the objective to use the suitable material in any location, the research is focusing in the area of joining and separating technology on producing joints of different metals or metal to plastics that so far could not be produced. Thermal simulations for joining processes have proven their particular potential, which allow innovative production processes with respect to the production of lithiumion cells. For the last 20 years, the Application Center Augsburg has transferred the new production technologies to the industrial
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Michael F. Zaeh Contact www.iwb.tum.de
[email protected] Phone +49.89.289.15500
production, from which mainly small and medium-sized companies in the BavarianSwabian region benefit. A highlight was the inauguration of the research production line for lithium-ioncells. Together with press representatives and all involved project partners, the iwb is proud to open up TUM’s first full research production line of its kind in July 2014.
Machine Tools
In the context of the Machine Tools work ing group, we are dealing with the analysis and optimization of cutting production systems. The studies focus on the exami nation of the dynamic machine behaviour, the cutting process and the influencing thermal factors. Thanks to the consider
ation of aspects of instrumentation and control, the study horizon is expanded beyond purely mechanical structures to the complex overall mechatronic system. Modern simulation methods such as the finite elements and multiple-body simu lation, are used for these examinations to be able to reflect the machine features in detail. By coupling these with developed cutting-force models, interactions between structure and process can be demonstrated. Furthermore, energyrelated aspects that are also interacting with the machine properties, are in the focus of the investigations. The energy efficiency of machine tools is becoming more and more a competitive factor.
Institute for Machine Tools and Manufacturing Technology
243
Projects n TOPOS: development, production and testing of topology-optimized osteo synthesis n Simulation methods as basis for autonomous production units n FORCiM3A – TP 7: system validation and evaluation of the technology readiness level of CRP/Metal-compo site structures in machinery and plant engineering n FOR 1087 II – TP 3: simulation of damping effects in machine tools n SPP 1480/3: coupling of analytical and numerical models to simulate thermomechanical interactions during the milling of complex workpieces n DynSpann: process-related dynamic cutting to reduce distortion and internal stress during the welding of compo nents
n FOREnergy – TP 1: creation of trans parency on the energetic behaviour and energy flexibility of factories n FOREnergy – TP 2: increase system flexibility to control the demand for energy and manage energetic load peaks n BaZMod: component-adjusted machine configuration in production through additional cyber-physical modules n DynaMoRe: increase in dynamics of galvanometer laser scanners through model-based control n E2D: increase in energy efficiency through damping of machine structures
Manufacturing Processes n Additive production n Quality assurance n Handling technologies for products varying in shapes n Designing manual and hybrid assembly systems
The iwb Application Center Augsburg (AzA) is the technology transfer centre of the Institute for Machine Tools and Industrial Management at the Technical University Munich. As part of this activity, the AzA supports particularly the medi um-sized industry in Bavaria with the know-how of the university in the area of production engineering in the long term. The following four research fields are offered at the iwb Application Center Augsburg: 244
Institute for Machine Tools and Manufacturing Technology
Projects n AeroSim – development of a selective laser melting (SLM) simulation tool for aero engine applications n AMMag – laser melting of magnesium alloys n Flexicut – flexible, intelligent processing technologies for complex fiber compo site components n FORCiM3A – CFK/metal-compo site design in machinery and plant engineering, TP 6: quality and structure testing of hybrid CFK components n IDe3D – intelligent deformation com pensation in 3D-print n ThermoQS – thermographic layer monitoring during laser melting
Joining and Cutting Technology
On its way from a semi-finished to a finished product, technical products generally go through several joining and separating steps that are particularly relevant for the high quality and economic success of the production. The working group Joining and Separating Technology deals with this focal point and is working on innovative production processes. The aim of the research and development activities is the optimization of quality- and productivity-optimized and scientifically sound production processes. To this end, machinery with modern laser beam sources, friction welding equipment and a wide range of measuring and analysis instruments is at the disposal of the working group. The competences of the working range from process analysis, system technology and technology consulting to simulation. Projects n ExZellTUM: Excellence Center for battery cells at the Technical University Munich n EEBat: decentralized stationary battery storage for the efficient use of renew able energies and to support network stability
n Friction stir processing (FSP) to increase the performance of aluminium cast components n FOREL: research and technology cen ter for resource-efficient light-weight structures of electro mobility n ISAR: friction welding of tank structures for carrier rockets n Nexhos: next generation of highvoltage batteries in light-weight construction n Optimization of parameters during flywheel friction welding n RegTemp: temperature control during friction stir welding n ReLaTiS – modeling and simulation of beam reflection during deeppenetration laser welding n SPP 1640 (2nd funding phase): binding mechanisms during friction stir welding of mixed compounds n TR10-T9: laser welding of car body parts in visible seam quality n ZAktiSiLA: design and development of a prototype of a centrally active safety device for the monitoring of remote high-performance laser beam systems in industrial applications n eProduction – competence in the pro duction of high-energy storage systems for electromobility n PaLaSi – passive laser safety for high-performance lasers in industrial applications n ISAR: innovative SpinForm process for high-strength aluminium alloys with friction stir welding technology n ZaktiSiLa: central active laser safety
Institute for Machine Tools and Manufacturing Technology
245
Research Focus n Machine tools n Joining and separation technology n Production engineering Competence n Weak-point analysis of production systems n Experimental and computer-aided development support n Optimization of development and production processes n Technology screening, analysis and evaluation n Laser-based production technologies n Friction welding n Simulation of production processes n Innovative production technologies n Simulation-assisted optimization of production processes n Quality assurance of production processes n Designing process chains Infrastructure n Cutting machine tools n Laser tools n Friction welding equipment n Industrial robots n Environmental, safety and teaching laboratories n Energetic and geometrical parameters n Material analysis systems n Simulation environments Courses n Manufacturing Technologies n Joining Technology n Principles of Engineering Design and Production Systems n Laser Technology n Machine Elements and Manufacturing n Quality Management n Metal Cutting Manufacturing Processes n Metal Cutting Machine Tools n Structural Behaviour of Machine Tools n Practical Course Mechatronic Develop ment of Machine Tools n Practical Course Welding Technologies n Practical Course Metal Cutting Machine Tools
246
Institute for Machine Tools and Manufacturing Technology
Management Prof. Dr.-Ing. Michael F. Zaeh, Director Marion Fritsch, Secretary Adjunct Professors Hon.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Lammel Hon.-Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Siegfried Petz Visiting Lectures Dr.-Ing. Marco Einhaus Dipl.-Ing. Peter Göttel Administrative Staff Dipl.-Ing. Mareile Dörge Bianca Einfalt Sandra Wallentin Regina Spitzer Research Scientists Dipl.-Ing. Alexander Belitzki Dr.-Ing. Stefan Braunreuther Dipl.-Wirt.-Ing. Conrad Fischbach Andreas Ganser, M.Sc. Christian Gebbe, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Martin Haubold Dipl.-Ing. Michael Jelinek Manuel Keßler, M.Eng. Robin Kleinwort, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Markus Krutzlinger Corinna Liebl, M.Sc. Stefan Liebl, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Johannes Löhe Florian Lugauer, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Clemens Marder Dipl.-Ing. Klemens Niehues Dipl.-Ing. Sebastian Pieczona Dipl.-Ing. Richard Popp Christian Rebelein, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Christoph Julius Richter Dipl.-Ing. Philipp Rinck Dipl.-Ing. Oliver Rösch Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Roth Dipl.-Ing. Philipp Schmidt Patrick Schmitz, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Stefan Schwarz Markus Schweier, M.Sc. Dipl.-Ing. Peter Seebach Dipl.-Ing. Christian Seidel Dipl.-Ing. Tobias Steinhäußer Dipl.-Ing. Johannes Stock Cosima Stocker, M.Eng.
Dipl.-Ing. Sahin Sünger Dipl.-Ing. Georgios Theodossiadis Dipl.-Ing. Franz Xaver Wirth Technical Staff Armin Braun Gerhard Brethack
Alexander Degenhart Andreas Grünwald Wolfgang Rissling Stefan Seidl Gerhard Sigl Rainer Sollfrank Kurt Wagner
Publications 2013-14 n Fuchs, A. N.; Zäh, M. F. Gasgeführtes Laserstrahl schneiden von CF-Preforms. wt Werkstattstechnik online 104 (2014) 6, pp. 394-399. n Fuchs, A. N.; Zäh, M. F.; Heckert, A.; Roth, A.; Schmidt, P.; Schmitz, P. Neue Werkstoffe für die Elektromobilität erfordern angepasste Füge- und Trennverfahren. Automobiltechnologie in Bayern (2014), pp. 32-35. n Fuchs, A. N.; Zäh, M. F.; Heckert, A.; Roth, A.; Schmidt, P.; Schmitz, P. New materials used in electric vehicles require the adaptation of joining and cutting processes. Automotive Technology in Bavaria (2014), pp. 56-59. n Koch, J.; Maisenbacher, S.; Maurer, M.; Reinhart, G.; Zäh, M. F. Structural modeling of extended manufacturing systems – an approach to support changeability by reconfiguration planning. In: CIRP (Hrsg.): Procedia CIRP. Amsterdam: Elsevier 2014, pp. 142¬147. n Lugauer, F. P.; Braunreuther, S.; Wiedenmann, R.; Zäh, M. F. Laser Intensity as a Basis for the Design of Passive Laser Safety Barriers – A Dangerous Approach. Physics Procedia 56 (2014), pp. 13841391. n Lugauer, F. P.; Wiedenmann, R.; Braunreuther, S.; Eliasdottir, B.; Zäh, M. F. Hochleistungslaser in der Industrie fordern die Sicherheitstechnik. MM Maschinenmarkt (2014) 11, pp. 39-40. n Lugauer, F. P.; Wiedenmann, R.; Braunreuther, S.; Zäh, M. F. Für jede Laseranlage das passende Sicherheitssystem Teil 2. MM Maschinenmarkt 2014 (2014) 16, pp. 37-39. n Schmid, D.; Zaeh, M. F.; Seidel, C.; Schilp, J. Laser Beam Melting of Magnesium Alloys. In: International Magnesium Association (Hrsg.): 2014 World Magnesium Conference Proceedings. München, 01.¬03.06.2014. Wauconda, Ill. 2014, pp. 11-16. n Schwarz, S.; Sing, A.; Zaeh, M. F. Identification and evaluation of uncertainties and errors in dynamic models of casted machine tool components. Production Engineering (2014) 8, pp. 175-185. n Seidel, C.; Zaeh, M. F.; Wunderer, M.; Weirather, J.; Krol, T. A.; Ott, M. Simulation of the Laser Beam Melting Process – Approaches for an Efficient Modelling of the Beam-Material Interaction. In: Bauer, W. et al. (Hrsg.): 8th International Conference on Digital Enterprise Technology – DET 2014. Stuttgart, 25-28.03.2014. Stuttgart: IRB Medien dienstleitungen 2014, pp. 1-6. n Wirth, F. X.; Fuchs, A. N.; Rinck, P.; Zaeh, M. F. Friction Press Joining of Laser-Texturized Aluminum with Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics. Advanced Materials Research (2014) 966-977, pp. 536-545. n Belitzki, A.; Fuchs, A. N.; Zäh, M. F. Elektromobilität – Neueste Entwicklungen aus der Fügetechnologie. Automobiltechnologie in Bayern (2013), pp. 22-24. n Emmelmann, C.; Zaeh, M.; Graf, T.; Schmidt, M. (Hrsg.): Physics Procedia. Munich, May 13-16, 2013. Philadelphia: Elsevier 2013 (41).
n Foeckerer, T.; Zaeh, M. F.; Zhang, O. B. A Three-Dimensional Analytical Model to Predict the Thermo-Metallurgical Effects within the Surface Layer during Grinding and Grind-Hardening. n International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 56 (2013) 1-2, pp. 223-237. n Fuchs, A.; Schoeberl, M.; Tremmer, J.; Zaeh, M. Laser cutting of carbon fibre fabrics. The Laser User (2013) 71, Autumn 2013, pp. 22-23. n Fuchs, A.; Schoeberl, M.; Tremmer, J.; Zaeh, M. Laser cutting of carbon fibre fabrics. In: Emmel mann, C. et al. (Hrsg.): Physics Procedia. Munich, May 13-16, 2013. Philadelphia: Elsevier 2013, pp. 365-373. n Koch, J.; Plehn, C.; Reinhart, G.; Zaeh, M. F. Cycle Management for Continuous Manufacturing Planning. In: Zaeh, M. F. (Hrsg.): n Enabling Manufacturing Competitiveness and Economic Sustainability: Springer Verlag 2013, pp. 9-12. ISBN: 9783319020532. n Koch, J.; Plehn, C.; Reinhart, G.; Zäh, M. F. Zyklenmodellierung für die Produktionsplanung. Zyklenmanagement Aktuell (2013). n Krol, T. A.; Seidel, C.; Schilp, J.; Hofmann, M.; Gan, W.; Zaeh, M. F. Verfication of structural simulation results of metal-based additive manufacturing by means of neutron diffraction. Physics Procedia 2013 41 (2013), pp. 842-850. n Ostgathe, M.; Zaeh, M. F. System for product-based control of production processes. In: IEEE (Hrsg.): Proceedings of the IEEE SSCI 2011. Singapore, 16-19.04.2013. Verfügbar aus USB 2013. n Reinhart, G.; Zaeh, M. F. (Hrsg.): Augsburger Semi nar für additive Fertigung. Augsburg, 19.06.2013. München: Utz Verlag 2013. ISBN: 978-3-83164265-6. n Rösch, O.; Zaeh M. Steigerung der Arbeitsgenauig keit von Fräsrobotern. wt Werkstattstechnik online (2013) 10, pp. 686-692. n Roth, A.; Zäh, M. F. Friction Stir Welding of Die Cast Aluminum – Impact of Production Deviations. In: Tarasankar, D. et al. (Hrsg.): Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Trends in Welding Research. Chicago, Illinois, USA, 04-08.06.2012. Materials Park, Ohio, USA: ASM International 2013, pp. 589-597. ISBN: 978-1-62708-998-2. n Schmidt, M.; Zaeh, M. F.; Graf, T.; Ostendorf, A. (Hrsg.): Lasers in Manufacturing 2013. Munich, 13-16.05.2013. Amsterdam: Elsevier 2013. (Proceedings of the Seventh International WLT Conference on Lasers in Manufacturing 1). n Schmidt, P.; Pauleser, T.; Zäh, M. F. eProduction of automotive battery systems at AUDI AG. In: Inter national Quality & Production Center IQPC (Hrsg.): Smart EV and HEV Battery Production. Darmstadt, 22-24.04.2013.
Institute for Machine Tools and Manufacturing Technology
247
n Schmidt, P.; Zaeh, M. F. Analysis of Joining Technologies for the Electrical Contact between Lithium-Ion Cells in Automotive Battery Systems. In: Haus der Technik (Hrsg.): Kraftwerk Batterie. 26-27.02.2013. n Schweier, M.; Haubold, M. W.; Heins, J. F.; Zaeh, M. F. Spatter formation in laser welding with beam oscillation. In: Schmidt, M. et al. (Hrsg.): Lasers in Manufacturing 2013. Munich, 13-16.05.2013. Amsterdam: Elsevier 2013, pp. 20-30. n Seidel, C.; Zaeh, M. F.; Weirather, J.; Wunderer, M.; Krol, T. A.; Schilp, J.; Groth, C.; Stroebele, B. S. Simulation of the laser beam melting process – an approach for an efficient geometry modelling of complex lightweight parts. In: Deutsche Gesell schaft für Materialkunde e. V. (Hrsg.): Proceedings DGM LightMAT 2013. n Seidel, C.; Zäh, M. F.; Weirather, J.; Krol, T. A.; Schmid, D. Prozessnahe Modellierung des Materialverhaltens beim Laserstrahlschmelzen als Grundlage für die Ergebnisgenauigkeit hinsichtlich der Bauteilmaßhaltigkeit und des Eigenspan nungszustandes. In: CADFEM GmbH (Hrsg.): ANSYS Conference & 31. CADFEM Users Meeting. Mannheim, 19-21.06.2013, pp. 1-15.
248
Institute for Machine Tools and Manufacturing Technology
n Wiedenmann et al. R.; Schilp, H.; Kohnhäuser, M. Laserstrahlschweißen von Kupferwerkstoff mit unterschiedlichen Strahlquellen. wt Werkstattstech nik online 103 (2013) 6, pp. 470-475. n Zaeh, M. F. (Hrsg.)Enabling Manufacturing Com petitiveness and Economic Sustainability: Springer Verlag 2013. ISBN: 9783319020532. n Zaeh, M. F.; Seidel, C.; Riss, F. Wirtschaftliche additive Fertigung durch funktionsintegrierten Leichtbau. In: Reinhart, G. et al. (Hrsg.): Augs burger Seminar für additive Fertigung. Augsburg, 19.06.2013. München: Utz Verlag 2013, pp. 1-13. ISBN: 978-3-8316-4265-6. n Zäh, M. F.; Löhe, J. Die Werkzeugmaschine der Zukunft. Werkstatt + Betrieb 146 (2013) 3, pp. 16-19.
Appendix Habilitations 2013-14 Name
Topic
Mentor
Date
Dr.-Ing. Thomas Indinger
Aktuelle Herausforderungen in der Automobilaerodynamik (in Form einer Kumulation von 25 Fachpublikationen)
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Adams
March 20, 2013
Dr. rer. nat. Marco Ellero
Towards computational microfluidics: complex flow of complex fluids (in Form einer Kumulation von 29 Fachpublikationen)
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Adams
July 7, 2013
Doctorates 2013-14 Name
Topic
Supervisor
Date
Dr.-Ing. Christian Krämer
Ergonomische Optimierung des Handbike-Antriebes
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Senner
January 8, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Florian Ettner
Effiziente numerische Simulation des Deflagrations-Detonations-Übergangs
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Sattelmayer
January 10, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Delia Ilie
Systematisiertes Ziele- und Anforderungsmanagement in der Fahrzeugentwicklung
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lindemann
January 17, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Gero Bansemir
Konstruktionsleitsystem für den durchgängig rechnerbasierten Zahnradgetriebeentwurf
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Höhn
January 18, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Michael Huß
Übertragung von Motoreigenschaften mit Hilfe charakteristischer Skalierfunktion zur Simulation verschiedener Varianten von Ottomotoren
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wachtmeister
January 21, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Patrick Clauberg
Methoden zur parallelen Berechnung von nicht-glatten dynamischen Systemen
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Ulbrich
January 22, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Markus Schneider
Interdisziplinäre Simulation am Beispiel hydraulischer Nockenwellenversteller
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Ulbrich
January 31, 2013
Dr. rer. nat. Dirk Hebel
Protein crystallization in stirred-tank reactors
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Weuster-Botz
February 7, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Stefan Wölkl
Model libraries for conceptual design
Prof. Ph. D. Shea, ETH Zürich
February 8, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Bergen Helms
Object-oriented graph grammars for computational design synthesis
Prof. Ph. D. Shea, ETH Zürich
February 8, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Boris Israel
Potenziale eines kontaktanalogen Head-up Displays für den Serieneinsatz
Prof. i. R. Dr. Bubb
February 15, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Florian Henke
An extended finite element method for turbulent premixed combustion
Dr.-Ing. Gravemeier
February 15, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Frank Fischer
Modeling ternary mixing in turbulent flow
Prof. Polifke, Ph.D.
February 15, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Harald Pfifer
LPV/LFT modeling and its application in aerospace
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Holzapfel
February 19, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Maike Seeger
Entwicklung und Bewertung lichtbogengespritzter Invar-Laminiervorrichtungen für die CFK Produktion
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Drechsler
February 25, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Maria Hergesell
Grauflecken- und Grübchenbildung an einsatzgehärteten Zahnrädern mittlerer und kleiner Baugröße
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Höhn
March 1, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Matthias Brendel
Realisierung eines variablen Kurbeltriebs für einen aufgeladenen Ottomotor
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wachtmeister
March 4, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Michael Schmidt
Reaktionstechnische Untersuchungen von Clostridium acetobutylicum Stämmen zur Butanolgärung in Rührkesselreaktoren
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Weuster-Botz
March 7, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Christian Haupt
Ein multiphysikalisches Simulationsmodell zur Bewertung von Antriebs- und Wärmemanagementkonzepten im Kraftfahrzeug
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wachtmeister
March 7, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Rohit Madhukar Kulkarni
Large eddy simulation of autoignition in turbulent flows
Prof. Polifke, Ph.D.
March 12, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Clemens Hepperle
Planung lebenszyklusgerechter Leistungsbündel
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lindemann
March 12, 2013
Dr.-Ing. David Hellenbrand
Transdisziplinäre Planung und Synchronisation mechatronischer Produktentwicklungsprozesse
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lindemann
March 12, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Peter Tenerowicz-Wirth
Kommunikationskonzept für selbststeuernde Fahrzeugkollektive in der Intralogistik
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Günthner
March 14, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Martin Stemmer
Energetische und funktionale Vernetzung von aktiven Lenksystemen
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Heißing
March 14, 2013
Dr. rer. nat. Benjamin Smejkal
Aufreinigung und Formulierung eines therapeutischen Antikörpers mittels Kristallisation
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Weuster-Botz
March 15, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Christian Eschey
Maschinenspezifische Erhöhung der Prozessfähigkeit in der additiven Fertigung
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Zäh
March 21, 2013
Appendix
249
250
Name
Topic
Supervisor
Date
Dr.-Ing. Jörg Egbers
Identifikation und Adaption von Arbeitsplätzen für leistungs gewandelte Mitarbeiter entlang des Montageplanungsprozesses
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reinhart
March 21, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Philipp Böck
Einfluss neuartiger Flugzeugkonzepte auf die Flughafenkapazität
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hornung
March 21, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Daniel Wiedemann
Permanent magnet reluctance actuators for vibration testing
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Ulbrich
April 3, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Johann Becher
Validation of spectral gas radiation models under oxyfuel conditions
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Spliethoff
April 11, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Thomas Maier-Eschenlohr
Ein System zur Mikro-Telemanipulation am Mittelohr
Prof. Dr. Lüth
April 12, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Joachim Schwing
Über die Interaktion von transversalen akustischen Moden, Strömung und drallstabilisierter Flamme in zylindrischen Flammenrohren
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Sattelmayer
April 18, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Wolfram Remlinger
Analyse von Sichteinschränkungen im Fahrzeug
Prof. i. R. Dr. Bubb
April 18, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Igor Pribicevic
Dieselmotorische Gemischbildung und Verbrennung bei Einspritzdrücken bis 300 Mpa
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Sattelmayer
April 22, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Wolfgang Wittmann
Computergestützte grafische Planungs- und Operationssysteme für die Hals-, Nasen-, Ohrenchirurgie
Prof. Dr. Lüth
April 29, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Thomas Wenger
Optimierung und Entwicklung navigierter Instrumente für die Hals-Nasen-Ohren Chirurgie
Prof. Dr. Lüth
April 29, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Martin Knörr
Reduzierung der Verlustleistungsströme am System Kolben/ Kolbenringe/Zylinderlaufbahn
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wachtmeister
May 2, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Peter Koller
Steigerung der Zahnflankentragfähigkeit durch Optimierung von Eigenspannungs- und Oberflächenzustand
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Höhn
May 16, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Holger Mohra
Fahrerassistenzsystem zur Unterstützung einer energieeffizienten Fahrweise
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Heißing
May 17, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Simon Thierfelder
Entwicklung eines Brennverfahrens für Industrie-Kleindiesel motoren mit Niederdruck-Common-Rail-System zur Unter schreitung der Emissionsgrenzwerte nach EPA IV
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wachtmeister
May 22, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Saskia Reinhardt
Bewertung der Ressourceneffizienz in der Fertigung
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reinhart
June 4, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Christoph Erbel
Beiträge zur Entwicklung der ELIF-Messtechnik
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Spliethoff
June 7, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Christian Mildner
Numerische und experimentelle Untersuchungen des Crash verhaltens von FVK-verstärkten Metallstrukturbauteilen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Drechsler
June 11, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Robert Kathan
Verlustmechanismen in Raketenbrennkammern
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Sattelmayer
June 12, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Bastian Figlar
The potential of noise abatement procedures to sustain traffic growth within airport noise constraints
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hornung
June 13, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Florian Hurka
Konzeption und Realisierung eines Systems zur intraoperativen Interaktion zwischen Mensch und Maschine
Prof. Dr. Lüth
June 24, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Tobias Holzinger
Aspects of the thermoacoustic effect considering mean flow
Prof. Polifke, Ph. D.
June 26, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Martin Brenner
Nutzergruppenspezifische Ergonomie im Fahrzeug
Prof. i. R. Dr. Bubb
June 26, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Lisa Koll
Abschätzung des Phasengrenzenwiderstandes über die Streckgrenze von ferritisch-martensitischen Dualphasenstählen
Prof. Dr. Werner
June 27, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Alexander Prexl
Entwicklung einer Methodik zur simulationsgestützten Inbetriebnahme von Karosseriewerkzeugen
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Hoffmann
June 27, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Senthoorselvan Sivalingam
CO2 separation by calcium looping from full and partial fuel oxidation processes
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Spliethoff
June 28, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Thomas Josef Schleich
Temperatur- und Verlustleistungsverhalten von Wälzlagern in Getrieben
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Höhn
July 2, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Johann-Paul Stemplinger
Tragfähigkeit und Wirkungsgrad von Stirnradgetrieben bei Schmierung mit hochviskosen Fluiden und Fetten NLGI 0, 1 und 2
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Höhn
July 3, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Marc Leidenfrost
Validierung der Berechnungsmethode zur Lebensdauerbewertung von thermomechanisch beanspruchten Zylinderköpfen aus Gusseisen mit Vermiculargraphit
Prof. Dr. Werner
July 9, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Alexander Götzfried
Analyse und Vergleich fertigungstechnischer Prozessketten für Flugzeugtriebwerks-Rotoren
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Zäh
July 10, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Michael Meyer
Simulation of complex turbulent flows on cartesian adaptive grids
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Adams
July 12, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Daniela Gewald
Waste heat recovery of stationary internal combustion engines for power generation
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Spliethoff
July 12, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Paul Maier-Komor
Impulsmagnetschneiden von dünnwandigen Hohlprofilen
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Hoffmann
July 16, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Daniel Lorenz
Äußere Einflussparameter auf Sitzpositionen im Fahrzeug
Prof. i. R. Dr. Bubb
July 16, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Matthias Fürstenberger
Betriebsverhalten verlustoptimierter Kunststoffzahnräder
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Höhn
July 17, 2013
Appendix
Name
Topic
Supervisor
Date
Dr.-Ing. Martin Merz
Dynamisches Redeployment von Steuerungssoftware in ver teilten Automatisierungssystemen während der Laufzeit
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Vogel-Heuser
July 18, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Fang Li
Anforderungsermittlung an ein Beschreibungsmittel und Erweiterung einer Gerätebeschreibungssprache für die modulare Automatisierung im Maschinen- und Anlagenbau
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Vogel-Heuser
July 18, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Felix Grödl
Simulationstool zur Auslegung transkutaner Energieübertragungssysteme
Prof. Dr. med. Dr.-Ing. Wintermantel
July 19, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Philipp Hager
Dynamic thermal modeling for moving objects on the moon
Prof. Dr. Walter
August 13, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Daniel Damböck
Automationseffekte im Fahrzeug – von der Reaktion zur Übernahme
Prof. Dr. Bengler
September 6, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Marcus Giglmaier
Strömungsphysikalische Phänomene bei der gasdynamisch initiierten Partikelerzeugung
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Adams
September 9, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Eric Lauer
Numerical simulation and investigation of high-speed bubbledynamics in cavitating flow
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Adams
September 23, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Christoph Schaupp
Large-Eddy-Simulation turbulenter Verbrennung eines Wasserstoffstrahls in kompressibler Luftströmung
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Friedrich
September 25, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Beat Heinzelmann
Interaktion zwischen Aerodynamik und thermischer Absicherung bei modernen Nutzfahrzeugkonzepten
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Adams
September 25, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Cornelia Hertl
Sauerstoffdiffusionshärtung funktioneller metallischer Schichten auf Titan für die biomedizinische Anwendung
Prof. Dr. Werner
October 9, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Andreas Hubert
Emissionsmodell zur Berechnung der Partikelemission eines Dieselmotors insbesondere für den Transientbetrieb
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wachtmeister
October 11, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Andreas Suhrer
Generische Parametrik in der Simulation und Optimierung von Karosseriekonzepten
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Baier
October 15, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Roland Spies
Entwicklung und Evaluierungen eines Touchpadbedienkonzepts mit adaptiv haptisch veränderlicher Oberfläche zur Menübedienung im Fahrzeug
Prof. i. R. Dr. Bubb
October 17, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Andreas Gantner
Entwicklung eines effizienten Systems für den Entwurf und die Optimierung von Francis Turbinen
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Schilling
October 21, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Michael Hombauer
Grauflecken an Kegelrad- und Hypoidverzahnungen und deren Einfluss auf die Grübchentragfähigkeit
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Höhn
October 24, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Fabian Günzkofer
Elbow strength modellling for digital human models
Prof. i. R. Dr. Bubb
October 24, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Christian Schuhbauer
Dynamic and coupled simulation of the 700° C coal-fired power plant
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Spliethoff
October 25, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Florian Kammergruber
Mobiles Virtual-Reality-System zur Planung und Schulung in der Logostik
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Günthner
November 4, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Regine Wolff
Ein intraoperatives optisches Messsystem für die Mund-, Kieferund Gesichtschirurgie
Prof. Dr. Lüth
November 12, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Muzio Grilli
Analysis of the unsteady behavior in shockwave turbulent boundary layer interaction
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Adams
November 12, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Mathieu Zellhuber
High frequency response of auto-ignition and heat release to acoustic perturbations
Prof. Polifke, Ph.D.
November 15, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Sunpeth Cumnuantip
Landing gear positioning and structural mass optimization for a large blended wing body aircraft
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Baier
November 22, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Daniel Morgenweck
Modellierung des Transferverhaltens im Zeitbereich zur Beschreibung komplexer Randbedingungen in Raketenschubkammern
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Sattelmayer
November 25, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Jochen Hönle
Ökonomische Optimierung der Triebwerksbetriebsstrategie von zweimotorigen Hubschraubern
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Rick
November 25, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Steven Braun
Anpassung und praxisnahe Evaluation gebrauchstauglicher Notationen, zur modularen, objektorientierten Programmierung von Steuerungstechnik im Maschinen- und Anlagenbau
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Vogel-Heuser
November 29, 2013
Dr. rer. nat. Yilei Fu
Asymmetric reductions using novel ene-reductases from cyanobacteria
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Weuster-Botz
November 29, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Oliver Krieg
Startdynamik von Ottomotoren
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Ulbrich
December 4, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Maria Seitz
Informationsmanagement im Nutzfahrzeug
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lienkamp
December 6, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Verena Mauritz
Biphasic osteoconductive polymer scaffolds for mandibular bone reconstruction
Prof. Dr. med. Dr.-Ing. Wintermantel
December 9, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Frank Maier
Wirkpotentiale moderner Fahrassistenzsysteme und Aspekte ihrer Relevanz für die Fahrausbildung
Prof. Dr. Bengler
December 9, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Wittmann
Methodology for benefit assessment of morphing aircraft
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Baier
December 12, 2013
Appendix
251
252
Name
Topic
Supervisor
Date
Dr.-Ing. Michaela Brummer
Wärmebehandelndes Heißisostatisches Pressen von Aluminiumgusslegierungen
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Hoffmann
December 12, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Josef Mayer
Einfluss der Oberfläche und des Schmierstoffs auf das Reibungsverhalten im EHD-Kontakt
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Höhn
December 16, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Johannes Pohl
Adaption von Produktionsstrukturen unter Berücksichtigung von Lebenszyklen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reinhart
December 17, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Tobias Philipp
RFID-gestützte Produktionssteuerungsverfahren für die Herstellung von Bauteilen aus Faserverbundkunststoffen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reinhart
December 17, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Stefan Braunreuther
Untersuchungen zur Lasersicherheit für Materialbearbeitungs anwendungen mit brillanten Laserstrahlquellen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Zäh
December 17, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Sabine Wacker
Hämatogene Wachstumsfaktoren: Isolation, Applikation und biologische Wirkung
Prof. Dr. med. Dr.-Ing. Wintermantel
December 19, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Bernhard Schröer
Lösungskomponente Mensch - Nutzerseitige Handlungsmöglichkeiten als Bausteine für die kreative Entwicklung von Interaktionslösungen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lindemann
December 19, 2013
Dr.-Ing. Markus Pietras
End-to-end simulation of teleoperated on-orbit robotics
Prof. Dr. Walter
January 13, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Max Wedekind
Charakterisierung von Steifigkeit und Festigkeit heterogen verstärkter Verbundstrangpressprofile
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Baier
January 16, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Jannis Gikadi
Prediction of acoustic modes in combustors using linearized navier-stokes equations in frequency space
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Sattelmayer
January 16, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Stephan Franke
Strategieorientierte Vorentwicklung komplexer Produkte Prozesse und Methoden zur zielgerichteten Komponenten entwicklung am Beispiel Pkw
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lindemann
January 17, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Jan Thomas Harder
Optimal quality of service for space communication architectures with focus on real-time teleoperated spacecraft
Prof. Dr. Walter
January 20, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Wolfgang Schmid
Entwicklung eines aktiven Radträgers zur Beeinflussung des Fahrverhaltens von Straßenfahrzeugen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lienkamp
January 30, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Tobias Brunner
Excitation of heat and momentum transport in turbulent wake flow
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wengle
January 30, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Peter Philipp
Centralized and Distributed Moving Horizon Strategies for State Estimation of Networked Control Systems
Prof Dr.-Ing. Lohmann
January 31, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Qian Xu
Extended Surrogate Modeling Techniques for Large Scale Structural Design Optimization
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Baier
February 10, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Dino Bortot
Ergonomic Human-Robot Coexistence in the Branch of Production
Prof. Dr. Bengler
February 10, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Martin Rosenberger
Regelung radnaher elektrischer Einzelradantriebe während der ABS-Bremsung
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lienkamp
February 13, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Sonja Huber
In-situ-Legierungsbestimmung beim Laserstrahlschweißen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Zäh
February 14, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Thomas Eberl
Charakterisierung und Gestaltung des Fahr-Erlebens der Längsführung von Elektrofahrzeugen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lindemann
February 18, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Sascha Seidl
Ein hybrides Verfahren zur numerischen Simulation des strömungsinduzierten Schalls auf Basis von akustischen Störgleichungen
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Schilling
February 19, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Mathey Wiesbeck
Struktur zur Repräsentation von Montagesequenzen für die situationsorientierte Werkerführung
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Zäh
February 21, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Abdullah Essa Ali Alali
Development and Validation of a new Solver Based on the Interfacial Area Transport Equation for the Numerical Simulation of Sub-cooled Boiling with OpenFOAM CFD Code for Nuclear Safety Applications
Prof. Macian-Juan, Ph. D.
February 21, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Kwok Kai So
Uncertainty analysis of shock-bubble interaction
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Adams
February 24, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Jiaxi Shi
Leistungssteuerung chirurgischer Instrumente mit funktionellen EMG-Daten
Prof. Dr. Lüth
February 25, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Sandra Schmidt
Optimierung und experimentelle Untersuchung der CO2-Abtrennung mit Monoethanolamin für braunkohlegefeuerte Kraftwerke
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Klein
February 25, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Jan Both
Tragfähigkeit von CFK-Metall-Laminaten unter mechanischer und thermischer Belastung
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Baier
February 25, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Andreas Kain
Methodik zur Umsetzung der offenen Produktentwicklung
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lindemann
March 3, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Katrin Nothhaft
Scherschneiden höchstfester Blechwerkstoffe im offenen Schnitt
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Hoffmann
March 5, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Thomas Hecht
Static Flow Instabilities in Plate-Fin Heat Exchangers
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Klein
March 6, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Martin Hauser
Zum Einfluss transversaler akustischer Anregung auf die Dynamik turbulenter vorgemischter Drallflammen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Sattelmayer
March 7, 2014
Appendix
Name
Topic
Supervisor
Date
Dr.-Ing. Matthias Baur
Aktives Dämpfungssystem zur Ratterunterdrückung an spanenden Werkzeugmaschinen – Entwurf und experimentelle Validierung -
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Zäh
March 11, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Markus Kahnert
Scanstrategien zur verbesserten Prozessführung beim Elektronenstrahlschmelzen (EBM)
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Zäh
March 14, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Martin Werner
Entwicklung eines Motorprüfstands zur Untersuchung der Kolbengruppenreibung und deren Haupteinflussgrößen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wachtmeister
March 17, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Josef Streit
Zum Fortschritt transsonischer Axialverdichter – Gehäuse strukturierungen sinnvoll eingesetzt
Hon.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lichtfuß
March 18, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Johannes Rehrl
Wasserstoffversprödung in hochfesten, mikrolegierten Stählen
Prof. Dr. Werner
March 20, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Harald Bauhoffer
Kontakt- und Laufverhalten von Kronenrädern unter Montage abweichungen
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Höhn
March 20, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Martin Murer
Numerical methods for efficient power generation from municipal solid waste
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Spliethoff
March 21, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Kai Magenheimer
Lean Management in indirekten Unternehmensbereichen: Modellierung, Analyse und Bewertung von Verschwendung
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reinhart
March 21, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Tobias Föckerer
Methode zur rechnergestützten Prozessgestaltung des Schleifhärtens
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Zäh
March 21, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Ömer Sahin
Umsetzung des multidisziplinären Datenflusses und ihre Akzeptanz am Beispiel der Türrohbauentwicklung
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Drechsler
March 24, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Jens Hatwig
Automatisierte Bahnplanung für Industrieroboter und Scanneroptiken bei der Remote-Laserstrahlbearbeitung
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reinhart
March 24, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Thomas Cebulla
Spatial Dynamics of Pushbelt CVTs: Model Enhancements to a Non-smooth Flexible Multibody System
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Ulbrich
March 24, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Amir Shabanabadi Hooshmand
Solving Engineering Design Problems through a Combination of Generative Grammars and Simulations
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lindemann
March 25, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Gülden Bayrak
Vergleich und Evaluation von Beschreibungsmitteln für die Automatisierung hybrider Prozesse
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Vogel-Heuser
March 25, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Anna Helten
Einführung von Lean Development in mittelständische Unter nehmen – Beschreibung, Erklärungsansatz und Handlungs empfehlungen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lindemann
March 28, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Sergey Litvinov
Mesoscopic simulation of DNA using Smoothed Dissipative Particle Dynamics
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Adams
April 9, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Stefan Adami
Modeling and Simulation of Multiphase Phenomena with Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Adams
April 11, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Dietmar Fleischer
Verfahren reduzierter Ordnung zur Ermittlung instationärer Luftkräfte
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Breitsamter
April 15, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Gerald Öttl
Impact Evaluation of Air Transport Concepts on Global Airport Operations
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hornung
April 23, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Leonhard Höcht
Advances in Stability Analysis for Model Reference Adaptive Control Systems and Application to Unmanned Aerial Systems
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Holzapfel
May 5, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Adam Fiolka
Konzept und prototypische Realisierung eines Instrumentenwechslers für flexible chirurgische Operationsplattformen
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Ulbrich
May 5, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Thomas Pesce
Ein Werkzeug zur Spezifikation von effizienten Antriebs topologien für Elektrofahrzeuge
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lienkamp
May 6, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Robert Wiedenmann
Prozessmodell und Systemtechnik für das laserunterstützte Fräsen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Zäh
May 16, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Lutz Lorenz
Entwicklung und Bewertung neuartiger Warn- und Informationskonzepte für Fahrassistenzsysteme
Prof. Dr. Bengler
May 16, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Stefan Gayer
Modeling, Simulation and Identification of the Dynamics of K+Uptake in E. Coli
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Kremling
May 22, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Matthias Mayerhofer
Teerentstehung und Teerminderung bei allothermer Wirbelschichtvergasung
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Spliethoff
May 23, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Manuel Kühner
Haptische Unterscheidbarkeit mechanischer Parameter bei rotatorischen Bedienelementen
Prof. i. R. Dr. Bubb
May 27, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Houde Dai
A novel glove monitoring system for quantifying neurological symptoms during deep-brain stimulation surgery
Prof. Dr. Lüth
May 27, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Rui Wang
Konzeption und Entwicklung eines EPC-basierten Daten netzwerkes in der Lebensmittel-Supply-Chain
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Günthner
May 28, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Anton Neuhäuser
Untersuchung von Kreisprozessen für die solarthermische Stromerzeugung im kleinen und mittleren Leistungsbereich
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Spliethoff
May 28, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Peter Demmel
In-situ Temperaturmessung beim Scherschneiden
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Hoffmann
May 28, 2014
Appendix
253
254
Name
Topic
Supervisor
Date
Dr.-Ing. Stephan Parzinger
Analytische Modellierung der temperatur- und gasdruck abhängigen effektiven Wärmeleitfähigkeit von Pulvern
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Sattelmayer
May 30, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Sebastian Schindler
Strategische Planung von Technologieketten für die Produktion
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reinhart
June 3, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Claus Lechner
Energiebilanzierung des CVT-Hybrid
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Höhn
June 3, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Sebastian Kortler
Absicherung von Eigenschaften komplexer und variantenreicher Produkte in der Produktentwicklung
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lindemann
June 4, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Volker Seidel
Numerische und experimentelle Untersuchungen der Aero dynamik und Verbrennungsstabilität eines Vormischbrenners
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Sattelmayer
June 13, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Andreas Koukal
Crash- und Bruchverhalten von Kunststoffen im Fußgängerschutz von Fahrzeugen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Baier
June 17, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Timo Frank
Entwicklung und Evaluation einer Modellierungssprache für den Architekturentwurf von verteilten Automatisierungsanlagen auf Basis der Systems Modelling Language (SysML)
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Vogel-Heuser
June 17, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Pascal Schlagermann
Exergoökonomische Analyse geothermischer Strombereitstellung am Beispiel des Oberrheingrabens
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Spliethoff
June 18, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Dominik Stockenberger
Schutz vor Produktpiraterie durch Kennzeichnung und Authentifizierung von Komponenten und Ersatzteilen im Maschinen- und Anlagenbau
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Günthner
June 23, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Markus Schwienbacher
Efficient Algorithms for Biped Robots – Simulation, Collision Avoidance and Angular Momentum Tracking
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Ulbrich
June 23, 2014
Dr. rer. nat. Boqiao Sun
Stereoselektive mehrstufige Reduktion von Dehydrocholsäure mit Hydroxysteroiddehydrogenasen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Weuster-Botz
June 24, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Daniel Scherer
Methoden zur Automatisierung der inkrementellen Blech umformung
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Hoffmann
June 27, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Mahmoud Ismail
Reduced Dimensional Modeling of the Entire Human Lung
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wall
June 27, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Michael Hinterstoißer
Zur Optimierung des Wirkungsgrades von Stirnradgetrieben
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Höhn
June 30, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Kei Wieland Müller
Simulation of Self-assembly and Mechanics of Transiently Crosslinked, Semiflexible Biopolymer Networks
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wall
July 2, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Johannes Wimmer
Ereignisorientierte Simulation und Optimierung im Erdbau
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Günthner
July 4, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Tim Horenburg
Simulationsgestützte Ablaufplanung unter Berücksichtigung aktueller Baufortschrittsinformationen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Günthner
July 4, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Martin Schmid
Thermoakustische Kopplungsmechanismen in Flüssigkeits raketentriebwerken
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Sattelmayer
July 8, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Simone Lombardo
Einfluss von verschiedenen Carbonitrierverfahren auf die Zahnfuß- sowie Zahnflankentragfähigkeit von Stirnrädern
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Höhn
July 10, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Angelina Heft
Aerodynamic Investigation of the Cooling Requirements of Electric Vehicles
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Adams
July 10, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Markus Schönberger
Autosterilität: Grundlagen und experimentelle Betrachtung der Kunststoff-Prozesstechnik
Prof. Dr. med. Dr.-Ing. Wintermantel
July 11, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Alexander Schober
Eine Methode zur Wärmequellenkalibrierung in der Schweißstruktursimulation
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Zäh
July 15, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Michael Franzkowiak
Methodik zur Strukturierung von Vorrichtungssystemen in der Lohnfertigung
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Zäh
July 15, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Bastian Esefeld
Numerische Integration von Mehrkörpersystemen mit mengenwertigen Kraftgesetzen
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Ulbrich
July 15, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Caroline Danowski
Computational Modelling of Thermo-Structure Interaction with Application to Rocket Nozzles
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wall
July 15, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Matthias Conze
Integrierte Abruf- und Transportsteuerung für lagerhaltige Teileumfänge zur schlanken Versorgung der Automobilmontage
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Günthner
July 16, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Peter Martin Völk
Mechanismen der AGR-Kühlerverschmutzung – Modellbildung und Simulation der Einflussgrößen auf die Ablagerungsbildung in Abgaswärmetauschern
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wachtmeister
July 17, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Thomas Ottnad
Dosierung von Kunststoffen für generative Fertigungsverfahren
Prof. Dr. Lüth
July 17, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Janina Durchholz
Vorgehen zur Planung eines schlanken Logistikprozesses – Wertstromdesign für die Logistik
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Günthner
July 17, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Shadan Shahmiri
A Hybrid Fixed-Grid-ALE Approach for Fluid-Structure Interaction
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wall
July 18, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Katharina Kirner
Zusammenhang zwischen Leistung in der Produktentwicklung und Variantenmanagement – Einflussmodell und Analyse methode
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lindemann
July 18, 2014
Appendix
Name
Topic
Supervisor
Date
Dr.-Ing. Thomas Kirchmeier
Methode zur Anwendung der berührungslosen Handhabung mittels Ultraschall im automatisierten Montageprozess
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reinhart
July 22, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Marcelo Magnoli
Numerical simulation of pressure oscillations in large Francis turbines at partial and full load operating conditions and their effects on the runner structural behaviour and fatigue life
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Schilling
July 24, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Thomas Irrenhauser
Bewertung der Wirtschaftlichkeit von RFID im Wertschöpfungsnetz
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reinhart
July 25, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Daniel Zielinski
System of Systems Modellierung und Bewertung fachlich abgegrenzter industrieller Bereiche
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Igenbergs
July 29, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Thomas Bierling
Comparative Analysis of Adaptive Control Techniques for Improved Robust Performance
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Holzapfel
July 31, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Christian Sorg
Data Mining als Methode zur Industrialisierung und Qualifizierung neuer Fertigungsprozesse für CFK-Bauteile in automobiler Großserienproduktion
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Drechsler
August 1, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Georg Wiedemann
Ableitung von Elektrofahrzeugkonzepten aus Eigenschaftszielen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lienkamp
August 5, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Benedikt Nies
Nutzungsgerechte Dimensionierung des elektrischen Antriebssystems für Plug-In Hybride
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lindemann
August 7, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Anja Marosky
Einfluss der Kühllufteindüsung auf das Betriebsverhalten von Drallbrennern
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Sattelmayer
August 21, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Christoph Nerl
Simulationsgestützte Verfahrensentwicklung zum kontinuier lichen Verbundgießen von Aluminiumhalbzeugen
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Hoffmann
September 4, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Sophie Hippmann
Pulver- und schmelzmetallurgische Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kupfermatrix-CNT-Kompositen für den Einsatz als Gleitlagerwerkstoff
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Hoffmann
September 12, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Martin Bednarz
Entwicklung einer optimierten Messergeometrie für das ein stufige Zargenbeschneiden von Strukturbauteilen
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Hoffmann
September 12, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Daniel Heim
Kohlenstofffaser verstärkter Kohlenstoff: Faser Matrix Anbindung und deren Einfluss auf den Kurzfaserverbund
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Drechsler
September 15, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Heiko Panzer
Model Order Reduction by Krylov Subspace Methods with Global Error Bounds and Automatic Choice of Parameters
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lohmann
September 16, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Christoph Dawedeit
Functional foam coatings inside tubing and custom developed diamond ignition targets
Prof. Macian-Juan, Ph. D.
September 16, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Markus Boxhammer
Modellbasierte Prozessregelung bei gepulster Elektrochemischer Bearbeitung
Prof Dr.-Ing. Lohmann
September 16, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Matthias Glonegger
Berücksichtigung menschlicher Leistungsschwankungen bei der Planung von Variantenfließmontagesystemen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reinhart
September 17, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Johannes Schwaiger
Code-Generierung für einen neuen 3D-Druckprozess auf Tropfenbasis
Prof. Dr. Lüth
September 18, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Andreas Kohn
Entwicklung einer Wissensbasis für die Arbeit mit Produkt modellen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lindemann
September 19, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Daniel Ossmann
Fehlerdetektion, -Isolation und -Identifikation in elektrohydraulischen Aktuatorensystemen moderner, ziviler Flugzeuge
Dr.-Ing. Matthias Heller, IAS
October 1, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Andy Sittig
Optimierung und Applikation von Betriebsstrategien in Hybridfahrzeugen
Prof Dr.-Ing. Lohmann
October 2, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Stephan Fuchs
Verfahren zur parameterbasierten Gewichtsabschätzung neuer Fahrzeugkonzepte
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lienkamp
October 8, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Falko Schuck
Ein integriertes Auslegungskonzept zur Sicherstellung exzellenter Handling Qualities für Kleinflugzeuge
Dr.-Ing. Matthias Heller, IAS
October 9, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Joachim Schömann
Hybrid-Electric Propulsion Systems for Small Unmanned Aircraft
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hornung
October 10, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Stefan Pfeifer
A Virtual Core Facility for Multi-Center Applications in Medical Engineering
Prof. Dr. med. Dr.-Ing. Wintermantel
October 13, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Daniel Kießling
Optimierung der lokalen Krafteinleitung in Werkstoffhybride
Prof. Dr. med. Dr.-Ing. Wintermantel
October 13, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Ben Haugk
Beitrag zur Bewertung des Einsatzes von Faser-Verbund-Kunststoffen im Werkzeugmaschinenbau
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Drechsler
October 13, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Dorothea Pantförder
Entwicklung und Evaluation interaktiver Informationsdarstellungen zur Unterstützung des Anlagenbedieners bei der Prozessführung
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Vogel-Heuser
October 14, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Teresa Huppmann
Maximierung der Oberflächentoxizität von Polymeren durch Titandioxid
Prof. Dr. med. Dr.-Ing. Wintermantel
October 14, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Rüdiger Spillner
Einsatz und Planung von Roboterassistenz zur Berücksichtigung von Leistungswandlungen in der Produktion
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reinhart
October 16, 2014
Appendix
255
256
Name
Topic
Supervisor
Date
Dr.-Ing. Robert Metzke
Modeling and experimental investigation of the mechanobiological environment associated with alveolar pneumocytes
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wall
October 17, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Benjamin Kreutzkam
Analyse des Depositionsverhaltens bei staubförmiger Kohleverbrennung unter Berücksichtigung der Partikelfragmentation
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Spliethoff
October 17, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Tobias Kloiber
Constructive Passivity-Based Control of Smooth and Switched Nonlinear Systems
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lohmann
October 17, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Sebastian Idler
Die Fresstragfähigkeit stufenloser Umschlingungsgetriebe
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Höhn
October 17, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Andreas Blattner
Bedienkonzeptentwicklung für Fahrerinformationssysteme basierend auf einem Touchpad mit haptischer Rückmeldung
Prof. Dr. Bengler
October 17, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Christoph Kirchberger
Investigation on Heat Transfer in Small Hydrocarbon Rocket Combustion Chambers
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Haidn
October 21, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Oliver Fritsch
Energiebasierte Lage- und Positionsfolgeregelung für einen Quadrocopter
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lohmann
October 22, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Joachim Pfleghaar
Energieeffiziente aktive Dämpfung von Torsionsschwingungen im KFZ-Antriebsstrang
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lohmann
October 24, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Maximilian Kissel
Mustererkennung in komplexen Produktportfolios
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lindemann
October 28, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Anja Schneider
Feldeffektivitätsanalyse integraler Sicherheitssysteme
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Heißing
October 29, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Andreas Mackensen
Presswerkorientierte Analyse der Umform- und Scherschneid eigenschaften von Mehrphasenstählen
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Hoffmann
October 29, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Franz Schauer
Untersuchung moderner ottomotorischer Brennverfahren zur Reduktion der Partikelemissionen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wachtmeister
November 3, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Andreas Langheinrich
Geometrie, Beanspruchung und Verformung asymmetrischer Stirnradverzahnungen
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Höhn
November 3, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Johannes Fuchs
Analyse der Wechselwirkungen und Entwicklungspotentiale in der Auslegung elektrifizierter Fahrzeugkonzepte
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lienkamp
November 4, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Alexander Heubuch
Beitrag zur Entwicklung und Untersuchung eines Nebenstrom hyrolyseverfahrens für die Bereitstellung gasförmigen Ammoniaks aus flüssigen Präkursoren für mobile SCR-Anwendungen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wachtmeister
November 5, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Michael Graf
Methode zur Erstellung und Absicherung einer modellbasierten Sollvorgabe für Fahrdynamikregelsysteme
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lienkamp
November 5, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Peter Matt
Einfluss der Stirnkanten auf die Tragfähigkeit von Verzahnungen
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Höhn
November 10, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Markus Filippi
Methods for Efficient Modelling and Optimisation on the Example of Timing-Chain Drives
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Ulbrich
November 10, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Alejandro Cardénas Miranda
Influence of Enhanced Heat Transfer in Pulsating Flow on the Damping Characteristics of Resonator Rings
Prof. Polifke, Ph. D.
November 11, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Jakob Huemer
Einfluss instationärer aerodynamischer Kräfte auf die Fahr dynamik von Personenkraftwagen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wall
November 12, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Ana da Silva
Investigation of a Damage Tolerant Joining Technology for Lightweight Structures
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Drechsler
November 13, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Thomas Wolf
H2 Pseudo-optimal Model Order Reduction
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lohmann
November 18, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Matthias Hensel
Thermische Beanspruchbarkeit und Lebensdauerverhalten von nasslaufenden Lamellenkupplungen
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Höhn
November 24, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Daniel Paulus
Beeinflussung der Langsamflugeigenschaften von Nurflügel konfigurationen durch Hochauftriebssysteme an der Flügel vorder- und Hinterkante
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hornung
November 26, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Georg Faust
Reaktionstechnische Untersuchungen zur Herstellung eines hydrophoben Spinnenseidenproteins mit Escherichia coli
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Weuster-Botz
November 26, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Alexander Ewald
Improving the Versatility of Humanoid Walking Machines
Prof. i. R. Dr.-Ing. Ulbrich
November 26, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Felix Zimmermann
Generierung von maßgeschneiderten Bauteileigenschaften in PHS-Bauteilen durch Anlassen mittels Flamme
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Volk
December 1, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Oliver Rösch
Steigerung der Arbeitsgenauigkeit bei der Fräsbearbeitung metallischer Werkstoffe mit Industrierobotern
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Zäh
December 2, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Florian Karl
Bedarfsermittlung und Planung von Rekonfigurationen an Betriebsmitteln
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reinhart
December 2, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Daniel Hofmann
Simulationsgestützte Auslegung von Ordnungsschikanen in Vibrationswendel-förderern
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reinhart
December 2, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Paul De Monte
Adaptive Trajektorienfolgeregelung für Quadrokopter basierend auf der L1-adaptiven Regelungstheorie
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lohmann
December 2, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Gundula Balan
Untersuchungen des Partikelverhaltens und der Hochtemperatur-Chlorkorrosion bei der Flugstromverbrennung mit dotierten Brennstoffen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Spliethoff
December 5, 2014
Appendix
Name
Topic
Supervisor
Date
Dr. rer. nat. Nils Janzen
Mikrodosiertechnik und Mikrosensoren zur pH-Kontrolle in Parallelbioreaktoren
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Weuster-Botz
December 9, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Michael Werhahn
Elektrokatalyse der Kohlenstoffoxidation in einer oxidkeramischen Brennstoffzelle
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Spliethoff
December 11, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Benoit Béguin
Development and Analysis of an Elasto-flexible Morphing Wing
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Breitsamter
December 12, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Georg Baumgartner
Flame Flashback in Premixed Hydrogen-Air Combustion Systems
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Sattelmayer
December 12, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Jinming Lu
Cathode shape design for steady-state electrochemical machining
Prof. Dr. Werner
December 15, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Frank Hohenstein
Systementwurf und Umsetzung einer funktionsintegrierenden Gabelstaplerlokalisierung für eine wandlungsfähige und effiziente Transportausführung
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Günthner
December 15, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Daniel Schmid
Rührreibschweißen von Aluminiumlegierungen mit Stählen für die Automobilindustrie
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Zäh
December 16, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Stefanie Bade
Messung und Modellierung der thermoakustischen Eigenschaften eines modularen Brennersystems für vorgemischte Drallflammen
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Sattelmayer
December 16, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Phillip Schrieverhoff
Valuation of Adaptability in System Architecture
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lindemann
December 17, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Peter Burda
Verfahren zur Entwicklung und Auslegung von Energiespeichersystemen für Elektrokraftfahrzeuge
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lienkamp
December 17, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Katrin Wülfert
Einfluss von Ladungswechselcharakteristiken auf den Verbrennungsablauf eines Gasmotors
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wachtmeister
December 18, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Andrea Rauh
Prognose des Versagensverhaltens von CFK-Klebverbindungen unter Crashbelastung
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Drechsler
December 18, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Christoph Hahn
A Simulation Approach of Permeability Prediction for RTM Process Simulation
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Drechsler
December 18, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Michael Wölfle
Kontextsensitive Arbeitsassistenzsysteme zur Informations bereitstellung in der Intralogistik
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Günthner
December 19, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Florian Danner
On the Prediction of Sound from Unducted Propulsors by Means of Computational Fluid Dynamics
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Kaltenbach
December 19, 2014
Dr.-Ing. Patrick Dems
On Eulerian-Eulerian Large Eddy Simulation of Polydispersed, Reacting Spray Flows with Moment Methods
Prof. Polifke, Ph. D.
December 23, 2014
Appendix
257
Technische Universität München Department of Mechanical Engineering Boltzmannstraße 15 85748 Garching near Munich Germany www.mw.tum.de
You can reach the Garching Research Centre (Garching-Forschungszentrum) using the U6 undergroung line (get off at ‘Garching-Forschungszentrum’), the bus lines 230 and 690 as well as via the A9 motorway (take the ‘Garching Nord’ exit) and the B11 federal highway.
Ernst-O str
aß
e
tto-Fisc
her-Str
aße
Am Cou
all
Fr eis
ing
er
La
nd
lombw
Lichten
bergst
raße
WalterM
eißner-S
Boltz
man ns
traße
A9 Garching Nord
Ludwig
-Prand
tl-Straß e
traße
