Annual Report 2014 - NTNU

Annual Report 2014

Department of Chemical Engineering

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, NTNU Sem Sælands vei 4, 7491 Trondheim, Norway Phone: +47 73594030 - Fax: +47 73594080 E-mail: [email protected]

Head of Department: Professor Edd A. Blekkan

Deputy Head of Department:

Department board

Professor Jens-Petter Andreassen Professor Sigurd Skogestad

Department board External members:

Hanne Wigum, Sector Leader refining & renewable, Statoil Research Centre Trondheim Deputy member, Morten Rønnekleiv, Divisional manager oil & gas processing, Statoil Research Centre Trondheim Ole Wærnes, Senior Business Developer, SINTEF Materials and Chemistry Deputy member Philip Reme, Director PFI

Internal members:

Associate Professor Hanna Knuutila Professor Hilde Johnsen Venvik Professor Gisle Øye Senior Executive Officer Torgrim Mathisen Deputy member, Staff Engineer Karin W. Dragsten PhD Marie Døvre Strømsheim Student Therese Bache Student Hanne Betten

Staff Academic staff, see the individual research groups Technical and administrative staff: Head of Administration Tom Helmersen

Administrative staff:

Executive Officer Tove Barø (until 31.01.2014) Controller Wenche Charlotte Binderø (from 03.11.2014) Higher Executive Officer Martha Karin S. Bjerknes Higher Executive Officer Hege Johannessen Higher Executive Officer Hanne Jørgensen (from 01.03.2014) Controller Ling Lin Senior Executive Officer Torgrim Mathisen Higher Executive Officer Lisbeth B. Roel HR Consultant Oddny Sagmo

Technical staff:

Senior Engineer Berit Borthen (until 10.08.2014) Engineer Harry Brun Senior Engineer Camilla I. Dagsgård Staff Engineer Karin W. Dragsten Head Engineer Gøril Flatberg Engineer Arne Fossum Staff Engineer Bicheng Gao

Head of Department Edd Anders Blekkan

Administrative and  Technical staff 

Catalysis Group

Colloid and Polymer  Chemistry Group

Enviromental  Enigneering and  Reactor Technology  Group 

Process Systems  Engineering Group Biorefinery  and Fibre  Technology Group

Head Engineer Mikaeel Hammer Engineer Odd Ivar Hovin Staff Engineer Jan Morten Roel Engineer Frode Sundseth Staff Engineer May Grete Sætran Senior Engineer Gunn Torill Wikdahl (from 10.08.2014)

COVER-PAGE: Scanning electron microscpope (SEM) image of Cryrtals of barium sulphate precipitated at conditions of oil and gas production (Margrethe Broby)

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, NTNU www.ntnu.no/kjempros CONTENTS Page number Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

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Chapter 2

RESEARCH Catalysis Group Colloid- and Polymer Chemistry Group Process Systems Engineering Group Environmental Engineering and Reactor Technology Group Biorefinery and Fibre Technology Group

4 7 12 16 25

PUBLICATIONS Publications in refereed journals Journals and books Chapters in books Conference contributions Media contributions and reports

27 36 36 37 43

EDUCATION Master courses given Master thesis and master students Student mobility PhD in Chemical Engineering PhD courses given PhD thesis PhD student exchange Seminars and meetings organized by the Department in 2011

44 45 49 50 50 50 51 53

Chapter 5

ORGANIZATION – ECONOMY

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Chapter 6

HEALTH, ENVIRONMENT AND SECURITY (HES)

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Chapter 3

Chapter 4

Prepared and edited by Lisbeth H. Blekkan Roel, Tom Helmersen, Edd A. Blekkan

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION Introduction to Annual Report 2014 By Edd A. Blekkan (Head of Department)

The aim of this report is to give an overview of the activity in 2014 as well as to provide some more general information about the department. We hope you find it useful! During 2014 the department has continued the positive trends from previous years delivering excellent research and providing successful educational programs of with a high standing both nationally and internationally. The last point is illustrated by our 20 students in the international master program and PhD candidates from more than 40 nations. Further 14 of our Norwegian students spent at least one semester abroad, and we had 34 incoming visiting students, mostly from EU countries. This is a desired development, which serves an international industry structure well and gives our students a wider perspective. However, an important challenge in the years to come will be to recruit sufficient numbers of Norwegian PhD candidates in order to provide a stronger core of Norwegian-speakers in the research groups and to cover our needs for teaching assistance in the three first years of the Chemical engineering program where all teaching is given in Norwegian. This is a challenging task since our master candidates are very attractive in the labour market, especially in the industry. In 2009 the research efforts of the Chemical Engineering Department were evaluated by the Research Council as part of an evaluation of all Chemistry Research in Norway. The evaluation was very positive for the Department, and the strong position has been maintained over the following years. In 2014, the research output, as expressed by the number of graduated PhD candidates and publications, was on a par with the previous years. The number of credited publications in international journals was 174, compared to 172 in 2013 and 170 in 2012, on average around 7-8 papers per permanent academic staff per year, which is a very high output in an engineering subject. Furthermore, 19 PhD candidates graduated in 2014, this is also close to the average over the last few years. The average time to complete a PhD is about 4-5 years (including teaching duties and leaves of absence), and most of the candidates that start a PhD completes the degree. The quality of the research is very important but harder to measure. However, we have some indications: At GHGT-12 (12th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies) in Austin, Texas in October 2014 Prof. Hallvard Svendsen was

honored with the “Greenman Award”. This is a great international recognition of a long and dedicated effort in CO2 capture. Prof. Sigurd Skogestad was announced as Fellow of the International Federation of Automatic Control, at the IFAC Congress in Cape Town in August 2014. This very prestigious fellowship has only been awarded to one Norwegian scientist before him. Our younger researchers are also doing well, dr. Jannike Solsvik got the price for the best PhD-thesis (fundamental research) at NTNU in 2014, for her thesis entitled “Chemical Reactor Investigations. Modeling, Implementation and Simulation”. The ability to attract new funding also reflects favorably on the quality of the work we do in the department. In 2014 17 new SFI centers (large national centers for “research based innovation”) were awarded of which 2 are hosted by our department. iCSI (“Industrial Catalysis Science and Innovation for a competitive and sustainable process industry”) is led by Prof. Hilde Venvik. In this center the catalysis group together with SINTEF Materials and Chemistry and Univ. of Oslo will work closely with land-based chemical process industries. The second center is SUBPRO (“Subsea production and processing”), led by Prof. Sigurd Skogestad, with important contributions from the Colloid and Polymer Chemistry and the Environmental Engineering and Reactor Technology groups in our department, and from other departments at NTNU. A key metric for our department is the number of master students. This depends on the total number of students in the Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology program, and the fraction electing to specialize in Chemical Engineering. It is our ambition to attract 50% of these students, and in the last few years we have actually achieved to recruit around 40-50% of each class. This is a substantial improvement compared to the previous periods, and we work hard to maintain this position. In addition the number and quality of the applicants to our international master program is increasing. However, we lose some good international students due to problems with getting residence permits in Norway. The third gateway to the master degree from our department is the national 2-year master program where we recruit BSc’s from the Norwegian university colleges. In 2014 we recruited 11 students into this program, slightly fewer than last year. To attract as many good students as possible, we are working actively on recruiting and improving the quality of our study program. The student laboratories have been

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upgraded, and the teaching staff work actively with the students to improve the teaching methods. The teaching of basic subjects will be rotated among the faculty and for each subject there is a group of at least two faculty members who can step in at short notice. In terms of strategy and recruitment of faculty, we work according to the strategic plan for 2012-2017, approved by the Department board. During 2014 we have been lucky to be able to recruit two new academic staff members. In the field of polymer chemistry and polymer colloids, specializing in applications in flow assurance Dr. Kristofer Paso was appointed as Associate Professor. He holds a PhD from Univ. of Michigan (with Professor Scott Fogler) and has worked some years as a postdoc and researcher in our department. In the new position in “oil and gas technology” made possible through a donation to the department from DNV-GL Johannes Jäsche was appointed as Associate Professor. He holds a PhD from our department (with Sigurd Skogestad), and came from a position as a postdoc. There have also been

some changes in the technical and administrative staff. Following the retirement of Berit Borthen we are happy to welcome Gunn Torill Wikdahl as the new HES coordinator. On the technical side Kine Skjærbusdal is now responsible for procurement and stores. She replaces Arne Fossum following his retirement. The Department is located in chemistry buildings K-IV and K-V, experimental halls C and D and in the PFIbuilding. Our buildings date back to 1957/58 (K5/Exp. Halls) and 1965 (K4). Most of the buildings have been renovated and modernized in recent years, providing the department with excellent laboratory facilities and modern offices. The last facility to be upgraded was hall C, where our largest pilot experimental rigs including the rigs for amine based CO2 capture is located. Only the KV building is now awaiting renovation, and in the meantime the experimental activities in this building is kept at a minimum in order to maintain good HES standards.

Our buildings, from right: K4, K5, Experimental halls, and the PFI-building (blue)

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FACTS ABOUT THE DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING The Department of Chemical Engineering is located at the Gløshaugen campus of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) in Trondheim. NTNU is the only university in Norway that awards engineering degrees in all areas. The Department offers a 5 year integrated master of science program leading to the degree of sivilingeniør (MSc) in Chemical Engineering. Most of the students start at NTNU in their first year, but about 10 to 20% enter in the fourth year based on a 3-year engineering Bachelor degree from Norwegian colleges. In addition, we offer a 2 year International Master Program in Chemical Engineering, also entering into the 4th year of the integrated. On top of this we offer a 3 year doctoral program leading to a PhD degree in Chemical Engineering. The Department can trace its roots back to 1910 when the Norwegian Institute of Technology (NTH) started up in Trondheim with engineering chemistry as one of the seven majors. After the Second World War, three applied Departments were formed, Pulp and Paper Chemistry (Treforedlingskjemi, 1946), Chemical Engineering (Kjemiteknikk, 1949) and Industrial Chemistry (Industriell kjemi, 1949). These were merged to the present Department of Chemical Engineering (Kjemisk prosessteknologi) in 1999. The main objectives of the Department are: 1. Education. Offer a Master Degree in Chemical Engineering which is internationally recognized and makes the candidates attractive on the labour marked. 2. Research. Research shall be on an international level, and in some areas internationally leading. 3. The Department shall be attractive in order to recruit the best candidates, including academic faculty, PhD students and undergraduate students. The social environment shall be very good so that everyone feels welcome. The permanent staff in 2014 included:  24 technical/administrative  21 academic, including 14 Professors and 7 Associate Professors (Førsteamanuensis) The non-permanent staff in 2014 included  5 technical  9 Adjunct Professors (Professor II) (20% position)

  

1 Associate Professor II (Førsteamanuensis II 75 PhD students 30 Post docs. and researchers

The Department also houses 6 Professor emeritus, and several visitors in addition to a large SINTEF group. Student production Year MSc 2006 19 2007 31 2008 31 2009 35 2010 31 2 011 32 2012 46 2013 67 2014 66

PhD 15 15 13 14 16 25 14 15 19

MSc students 2014/15 5th year 53 (incl. 10 International Master students) 4th year

54 (incl. 9 International Master students)

3rd year

27

New PhD students (exchange students not included) 2006 18 2007 15 2008 38 2009 18 2010 17 2011 12 2012 12 2013 11 2014 14 New Post docs./Scientists 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

10 25 28 6 6 7 6 10 5

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Chapter 2: Research CATALYSIS GROUP Academic staff Professor Edd A. Blekkan Professor De Chen Professor Magnus Rønning Professor Hilde J. Venvik Adjunct professor Kjell Moljord Adjunct professor Erling Rytter Professor Emeritus Anders Holmen Post Docs./Researchers Cognigni, Andrea Duan, Xuezhi Gunawardana, Daham Sanjaya Ledesma Rodrigues, Cristian (from 13.01.2014) Lou, Fengliu Muthuswamy, Navaneethan Patanou, Eleni Peña Zapata, Diego Alexander (from 04.03.2014= Tsakoumis, Nikolaos Zhou, Haitao Auvray, Xavier PhD candidates Baidoo, Martina Francisca Buan, Marthe Emelie Melandsø Dadgar, Farbod Gavrilovic, Ljubiša Hjorth, Ida Li, Yahao (from 26.08.2014) Lillebø, Andreas Helland (until 31.08.2014) Østbye Pedersen, Eirik Qi, Yanying Strømsheim,Marie Døvre Udani, Charitha Van der Wijst, Cornelis G. Vicinanza, Nicla (until 22.05.2014) Volynkin, Andrey Voronov, Alexey (until 28.02.2014) Voß, Georg (until 22.08.2014) Wang, Xuehang Wycisk, Michael Technical staff Karin Wiggen Dragsten Guests Jonas Van Belleghem (Ghent University, Belgium) Jingxiu Xie (Utrecht University, The Netherlands) Davide Pagani (Politecnico di Milano, Italy)

The Organization The research and teaching in catalysis, petrochemistry and related subjects (including surface science, adsorption and physical studies of porous materials, reaction kinetics and process engineering) is organised in the Catalysis Group, a joint effort where NTNU, and the research institute SINTEF share laboratories and equipment. Personnel from the two organisations work together and participate in teaching and research. About 10 -15 MSc students graduate each year. The group participates extensively in international networks, research programs etc., and cooperates closely with a number of universities and research groups inside and outside the EU. The group and the laboratories At present the group comprises about 45 people: 4 professors, 2 adjunct professors, 1 professor emeritus, about 10 fulltime SINTEF research scientists holding PhD's, 8-10 postdoctoral fellows and approximately 20 PhD candidates. The laboratories and equipment include a large number of microreactors for catalyst studies, several small pilot plants, all the necessary equipment for catalyst and material characterization such as chemisorption, physical adsorption, Temperature Programmed techniques (TPR, TPD, thermal analysis, XPS, Auger spectroscopy, STM, FTIR, Raman and TEOM (Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance) Cooperation with the Departments of Physics (TEM and surface science), and Materials Science and Engineering, the other groups at the department of Chemical Engineering (all aspects of chemical and process engineering, particularly reactor engineering and colloid

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and polymer chemistry) and other departments ensures a wide scope and a high quality of the work. The research is funded by the Norwegian Research Council, EU, Norwegian and international industry and other sources, and spans from fundamental studies of ideal surfaces to studies of real catalysts and process development work in small pilot plants.

conversion and storage of energy. This is done in collaboration with other groups at NTNU, SINTEF and Norwegian Industry. Replacing noble metals using doped carbon nanomaterials in fuel cells, dehydrogenation reactions and in water treatment isbeing explored in a European project coordinated by the catalysis group at NTNU.

The projects A description of the Group as well as further details of all the projects, are given in our Annual Report (KinCat). Natural Gas Conversion Natural gas is an abundant hydrocarbon fuel and chemical feedstock, and utilizing this resource with minimum environmental impact is a major challenge to catalysis. It is the main goal of the present programme to study catalytic processes for conversion of natural gas to chemicals and fuels including hydrogen. The programme includes production of synthesis gas, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and dehydrogenation of C2-C4 alkanes. The work is carried out in close collaboration with Norwegian industry and SINTEF. The group also participates in a Centre for Research-based Innovation (SFI-inGAP) focusing on the use of natural gas.

Adsorption of CO on a Pd3Ag (111) model surface, studied using density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Design and Preparation of New Catalysts and Supports The catalytically active material is the key to any catalytic process, and the preparation of these, highly specialized functional materials is an important industry. Understanding the processes involved in the preparation, and developing improved methods are therefore central research areas. We work with new methods for the preparation of supports and catalysts, as well as the preparation and use of structured, mesoporous supports. Other areas include core-shell particles and size and shape-control of metal particles. Carbon Nanofibres Carbon nanofibres (CNF) have several interesting properties such as high resistance to strong acids and bases, high electric conductivity (similar to graphite), relatively high surface area and high mechanical strength. These unique properties lead to a large number of applications, such as catalyst supports, selective sorption agents, energy storage, composite materials, nanoelectric and nano-mechanical devices, as well as field emission devices. The programme includes synthesis of carbon nanofibres and nanotubes of different morphology and the use of CNF/CNT in applications such as heterogeneous catalysis, fuel cells and

Carbon Nanofibres (TEM image)

New reactor concepts and structured supports Emerging reactor technologies such as microstructured reactors and (catalytic) membrane reactors are being developed and tested. Oil Refining Upgrading of crude oil and oil fractions is an important subject of research, especially due to new environmental legislation demanding more efficient processes. The programme includes catalytic reforming, isomerization, hydrotreating/ hydrocracking and heavy oil upgrading. The work is carried out in close cooperation with SINTEF and the industry. Photocatalysis Accelerated environmental pollution on a global scale has drawn attention to the need for totally new environmentally friendly and clean chemical technologies. The application of photocatalysis to reduce toxic agents in air and water by developing catalysts that can utilise clean and abundant solar energy and convert it into useful chemical energy is a promising challenge. Photocatalysts that can operate at ambient temperature without producing harmful by-products are ideal as environmentally sound catalysts. For such systems to be considered in large-scale applications, photocatalytic systems that are able to operate effectively and efficiently using sunlight must be established. Hydrogen can be produced by photoinduced reforming of organic compounds, including methane and alcohols. Furthermore, the photoreduction of carbon dioxide into useful chemicals is a desirable prospect. It is essential to convert CO2 into useful substances that are common feedstocks for the production of other chemicals (C2-C3+, alcohols, etc.).

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Photocatalytic reactor system.

The Güssing 10 MW biomass gasification reactor, a hub for biofuel research in Europe

Biofuels The research is focused on catalytic aspects of thermochemical conversion, such as bio-oil upgrading, syngas cleaning and composition adjustment, residual hydrocarbon reforming and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.

Some of our facilities have now been opened to visitors from all over Europe through our participation in the EU-project BRISK. Fundamental Studies in Heterogeneous Catalysis Several experimental techniques are used to study the details of solid catalysts. We are working together with Department of Physics on the use of Transmission Electron Microscopy and Scanning Tunneling Microscopy. We focus on characterisation of catalysts at working conditions and for this purpose we are using the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility in Grenoble. We have new facilities for in situ IR and Raman spectroscopy. The TEOM (Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance) is also a powerful technique for studying important phenomena like catalyst deactivation, diffusion in porous materials and adsorption, absorption and desorption.

Catalysis Group

First row from left: Cristian Ledesma, Esther Acha Peña, Eirik Østbye Pedersen, Farbod Dadgar, Isaac Yeboah, Yanying Qi, Martina Francisca Baidoo, Camilla Otterlei, Hilde J. Venvik, Nikolaos Tsakoumis Second row from left: De Chen, Daham Gunawardana, Cornelis van der Wijst, Yahao Li, Fengliu Lou, Xiaoyang Guo, Kuiyi You, Hilde Bjørkan, Kumar Ranjan Rout, Håkon Bergem, Marthe Emelie M. Buan Third row from left: Bjørn Christian Enger, Torbjørn Gjervan, Rune Myrstad, Edd A. Blekkan, Erling Rytter, Xuezhi Duan, Diego Alexander Peña Zapata, Marie Døvre Strømsheim, Mikami Ikko, Nils Olav Andersen Hole, Ida Hjorth, Andrey Volynkin, Endre Fenes

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COLLOID- AND POLYMER CHEMISTRY GROUP (UGELSTAD LABORATORY) Academic staff Professor Johan Sjöblom Professor Gisle Øye Associate Professor Brian A. Grimes Associate Professor Kristofer Paso Professor II Hans Jürg Oschmann Professor II Roar Skartlien Associate Professor II Martin S. Foss Professor Emeritus Arvid Berge Professor Emeritus Preben C. Mørk Reseachers Stenius, Per Eftekhardadkhah, Mona Gawel, Bartolomiej Simon, Sébastien Zhao, Yansong Post docs Norrman, Jens Nourani, Meysam Rodionova, Galina Singh, Gurvinder Enrico Riccardi Wei, Duo PhD candidates Bandyopadhyay, Sulalit Barrabino Ponce, Albert Bin Ismail, Ahmad Shamsulizwan (from 01.09.2014) Kovalchuk, Karina Kumar, Lalit Kurniawan, Muh McDonagh, Birgitte Hjelmeland Mehandzhiyski, Aleksandar Molnes, Silje Pradilla Ragua, Diego C. Subramanian, Sreedhar Tichelkamp, Thomas Zhao, Yansong (until Laboratory Manager Dagsgård, Camilla I. Technical staff Gao, Bicheng Sætran, May Grete

Overview: The Ugelstad Laboratory was founded in honor of Professor John Ugelstad at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology in January 2002 (Department of Chemical Engineering). The purpose was to establish a modern educational, research and development laboratory within the field of colloid, polymer and surface chemistry. Diploma and PhD studies are offered within these topics, often in close collaboration with industrial companies. The aim is to educate highly qualified candidates for industrial positions. In order to attract the best and most motivated students and researchers, the laboratory has invested in new and modern instrumentation. The laboratory also participates in international exchange programs, and hosts internationally renowned guest researchers and lecturers. The Ugelstad Laboratory is sponsored by industrial companies, the Research Council of Norway (NFR), research institutes and NTNU. All the members are annually invited to a presentation of the recent research activities at the laboratory. This is combined with the Ugelstad Lecture, where invited scientists lecture within the field of colloid, polymer and surface chemistry. The laboratory specializes in surfactant chemistry and its technical applications, emulsions and emulsion technology, preparation of polymers and polymer particles and their technical applications, plasma chemical modification of surfaces and silica-based chemistry. Applications include crude oil production and processing, pulp and paper, biomedicine, catalysis and material science. The main purpose is to raise the national level of colloidal science. Research Activities: In the following paragraphs, selected ongoing research programs for 2014 are briefly described. For a complete description of the research activities at the Ugelstad Laboratory, please visit our web page: www.chemeng.ntnu.no/research/polymer/ugelstadlab

Guests Reiners, Robert, Nalco Champion, The Netherlands Yang, Fey, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China

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SFI SUBPRO: Subsea Production and Processing Centre (2015-2022) Subsea production and processing is a key technology for exploitation of Norwegian and international oil and gas resources. New solutions are needed to reduce operation and development cost, to increase the recovery factor, to reduce implementation time for field developments, and to allow development of new more demanding fields, such as in the Northern areas and the Barents sea. To overcome this challenge the centre for innovation (SFI) “subsea production and processing” SUBPRO has been set up at NTNU. It gathers the production and quality engineering, the petroleum Engineering applied geophysics and chemical engineering departments including Ugelstad Laboratory. It aims to become a leading international subsea research centre that provides top quality candidates, knowledge, innovations and technology in partnership with the most important industrial players in the field. JIP Asphaltenes: Improved Mechanisms of Asphaltene Deposition, Precipitation and Fouling to Minimize Irregularities in Production and Transport (NFR PETROMAKS 2014 – 2017) In order to follow up the objective, the project will combine small scale tests both at atmospheric and elevated pressures, modelling and capillary loop tests. Finally based on the accumulated knowledge, chemical modifications together with inhibitors will be developed in order to minimize the molecular affinity to pipe surfaces and their interactions in solution. This project is a collaborative effort between the Ugelstad laboratory, University of Alberta (Canada), University of Pau (France), University of Paraná (Brazil) and several industrial partners. JIP 1: Increased Energy Savings in Water-Oil Separation through Advanced Fundamental Emulsion Paradigms (NFR PETROMAKS) 2011 – 2014 The goal of the project is to advance fundamental knowledge of the water-oil separation process in order to make it more energy efficient. The focus will be on accelerating the processing of high volumes of water and viscous oil by speeding-up the sub-processes of creaming and sedimentation of existing emulsions in the first stage. The second stage involves the treatment of concentrated w/o or o/w emulsions. This program is a continuation of two previous JIP projects run in the past 6 years which were focused on an improvement of understanding of the stabilizing and destabilizing mechanisms of water-in crude oil emulsions based on heavy and particle-rich crude oils and also on the modeling (start-up, rheology and separation).

Residu

NMR could be used to follow oil-water separation. The figure shows an iso-water cut profile for crude oil emulsion: Sedimentation (diamonds) and coalescence (circles). The red dotted line represents the original water cut (30 %). The sedimentation rate could be calculated from linear part of the sedimentation slope.

JIP 2: Prediction of Ca-Naphthenate Deposition in Water-Oil Systems (2011-2014) During the past years, extensive work has focused towards naphthenate precipitation from acidic crude oil. Due to a rise in crude pH, the naphthenic acids dissociate and react with divalent cations, especially calcium. These compounds accumulate at the oil/water interface and might cause costly shutdowns. It has been discovered that the key components responsible for the formation of such deposits is a group of molecules having four carboxylic acid groups named Tetra-acids. This program is a continuation of two previous JIP projects run in the past 6 years. Several key elements about calcium naphthenate were identified. Procedures and methods were developed as well which give the JIP members a technological lead in the naphthenate treatment. The continuation of the project, JIP2-4, was developed towards the establishment of a model predicting calcium naphthenate deposition in oil/water system based on interfacial conditions together with advanced techniques to detect calcium naphthenate formation in an early stage (on a nanogram scale). To fulfil this goal, techniques developed in the previous JIP:2 programs will be used along with new techniques especially developed for the JIP:2-4 program. We intend to establish critical conditions for gel formation. This project is a collaborative effort between the Ugelstad laboratory and several international partners.

This project is a collaborative effort between the Ugelstad laboratory, University of Alberta, University of Bergen, IFE and several industrial partners. Interaction between droplets studied by the Drop and Bubble Shape Tensiometer PAT-1 from Sinterface. The two droplets in the picture are pulled appart after beeing in contact for a certain time (Photo: Sebasteien Simon).

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Multiphase Flow Assurance Innovation Centre (FACE) – Centre for Research-Based Innovation (SFI) 2006-2014 An increasing fraction of hydrocarbon reserves are difficult or impossible to produce and process today mainly due to the complexity of the fluids. Production of these reserves will require new and innovative technologies. FACE will develop the knowledge base for the new predictive tools that will be essential in order to develop the new, innovative production solutions. It is expected that new SMB’s will be generated based on knowledge and technology from the centre as well as development of new or improved products in existing companies. The research is focused on transport and separation aspects of three thematic topics, i.e. heavy crude oils, dispersed systems (emulsions), and solid particulate suspensions (hydrates, wax, sand and fines). We will use existing laboratories to perform both smallscale and high-pressure, large-scale flow experiments in pipes and separators. This project is a collaborative effort between NTNU, SINTEF, IFE and UiO.

govern separation efficiency of dispersed components and the injectivity of the PW fluids. A Combined Surface-Colloid Chemical and RockFluid Interaction Approach towards more Efficient Enhanced Oil Recovery Strategies (2012-2015) The combination of surfactant and low salinity water flooding is considered to be a promising enhanced oil recovery method. The primary objective of the project is to provide essential knowledge of how surfactants can improve low salinity water flooding processes by taking all the categories of indigenous crude oil components into account. The studies range from molecular level to fluid-rock interaction and dynamic displacement studies. The project is a collaborative effort between Ugelstad Laboratory, Department of Petroleum Engineering and SINTEF Petroleum Research, and is supported by 5 industrial sponsors and the Research Council of Norway. Vista funding: Functionalized Nanoparticles to Improve Crude Oil Quality (2015-2017) The goal of the project is establishing new methods for both preventing formation and facilitating removal of the metal naphthenates present in crude oil, at oil/water interface and in the aqueous phase.

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Recovery with

Introduction

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magnetic particles

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from particles NA NA NANA NA NA NA

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Particle recycling

Application of functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (FMN).

DPD simulations of wetting alteration of a surface (oil wetting to water wetting) by added surfactant. The hydrophobic (oil wetting) surface is composed of grey beads, and the oil is the red beads. The water molecules are not shown (white volume). The surfactant molecules adsorb to the surface via the hydrocarbon tail (brown bead), and make the surface effectively water wetting by exposing the head group (blue bead) to the fluids. The oil is then forming droplets on the surface (rather than a continuous layer). Simulations by Roar Skartlien and Nazgul Sabirgalieva, FACE.

Produced Water Management – fundamental understanding of the fluids (2010-2014) Good practical expertise in PW management exits among the oil and gas producers and in the related vendor industry. However, most of the expertise has been gained through trial-and-error approaches to solve field specific problems. There is a clear lack of fundamental understanding on the microscopic and molecular level with respect to the mechanisms that

Vista funding: Next-Generation Wax Inhibitors for the Oil and Gas Industry (2015-2017) The object of this project is developing new mechanism for wax Inhibition in heavy oils by morphological modification of nanoparticles. Benefits include low dosage rates and environmental friendliness by reuse of the nanoparticles. The nanoparticles should work by optimizing entropic repulsion and modifying wax crystallization.

Morphological Modulation / Percolation Disruption where modified nanoparticles provide spherical templates for paraffin crystallization.

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Smart and Multifunctional Core-shell Nano-particles (NPs) for Drug Delivery. (2012-2016) Core-shell nano-particles (NPs) represent a new class of materials, possessing tunable multifunctional properties for which they find wide applications in electronics, catalysis, separations, drug delivery and medical diagnostics. The field of medical diagnostics and drug delivery is one of the most important application fields of such nano-constructs. This comes with the need to unite various functionalities like contrasting, targeting, imaging into a single nanostructured system, integrating the strengths of individual modalities in order to produce multifunctional constructs. The project aims at synthesizing and characterizing coreshell NPs suited to targeted drug delivery applications. The optimized NPs would therefore be screened for surface functionalization with multiresponsive block copolymers, synthesized in-house to target drugs and small molecules. These nano-constructs will be tested in regards to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast

agent, targeted drug delivery and other pertinent applications. These nanomaterials will have multifunctional applications in diagnostic and therapeutic fields.

Schematic overview of the Smart and Multifunctional Coreshell Nano-particles (NPs) for Drug Delivery project.

Contract Work Ugelstad laboratory has done contract work for the following companies: • Maersk Oil & Gas AS • ABB • National Oilwell Varco • Aker Solutions • Norske Skog • Akzo Nobel • NTNU • Baker Petrolite • Petrobras • Borregaard LignoTech • Petrodrar • BP • Petronas • Champion Technologies • Premier Oil • Clariant • REC ScanWafer • DeepStar • REP • DNO • RG Mineral AS • DuPont Norge AS • Roxar • Elkem Carbon AS • Santos • Emerson Process Management • Saudi Aramco • FMC Technologies • Shell Technology Norway • Grenland Group • SINTEF Energy Research • Hamworthy/ Wärtsilä Oil & Gas Systems AS • SINTEF Materials Technology • Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) • SINTEF Polymer Division • Jotun • Statoil • Paper and Fibre Research Institute (PFI) • Talisman Energy Inc • IRIS-International Research Institute of Stavanger • Total • Intertek WestLab • Kemira • Lundin

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Colloid- and Polymer Chemistry Group

First row from left: Bartlomiej Gawel, (Researcher), Mia Elise Ronander, (Master student), Duo Wei (Post doc), Silje Molnes (PhD student), Kristofer Paso (Associate Professor), Muh Kurniawan (PhD student), Angela Jakobsen (Master student), Gisle Øye (Professor) Second row from left: Are Bertheussen (Master student), Jens Norrman (Reseacher), Thomas Tichelkamp (PhD student), Trine Nisja (Master student), May Grete Sætran (Head Engineer), Johan Sjöblom (Professor, head of Ugelstad Laboratory), Bicheng Gao (Engineer), Sébastien Simon (Researcher), Meysam Nourani (Post doc), Aleksandar Mehandzhiyski (PhD student), Diego Pradilla (PhD student) and Camilla Israelsen Dagsgård (Laboratory manager, senior engineer).

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PROCESS SYSTEMS ENGINEERING GROUP Academic staff Professor Sigurd Skogestad Professor Heinz A. Preisig Associate professor Tore Haug-Warberg Associate professor Nadav Bar Associate professor Johannes Jäschke (from Sept.2014) Adjunct professor Krister Forsman (Perstorp, Sweden) Professor emeritus Terje Hertzberg Post Doc Johannes Jäschke (until Sept. 2014) PhD candidates Bouza, Pablo Julian Dahl-Olsen, Håkon de Oliveira, Vinicius Doni Jayavelu, Naresh Ghadrdan, Maryam (until 24.10.2014) Grimholt, Chriss Minasidis, Vladimiros L. Reyes Lua, Adriana (from 18.08.2014) Skancke, Jørgen Skancke Straus, Julian (from 01.10.2014) Guests Chatrattanawet, Narissara (until 31.05. 2015)

Profile: Process systems engineering deals with the overall system behaviour, and how the individual units should be combined and operated to achieve optimal overall performance. Important topics are process modelling on all scales, operation and control, design and synthesis, and simulation, statistics and optimization. The group closely cooperates with other systems-oriented departments at the university, including Engineering Cybernetics, Energy and Process Engineering and Industrial Ecology, and also with SINTEF. The process systems engineering activity at NTNU (PROST) holds high international standards and was already in 1994 recognized as a strong-point centre, both by NTNU and SINTEF. The activity of the group was strengthened by the appointment of Johannes Jäschke as Associate Professor in the area of subsea process systems engineering in September 2014. Johannes Jäschke received his PhD in Chemical Engineering from NTNU in 2011 working with Professor Skogestad. He worked as a postdoc at NTNU and Carnegie Mellon University, focusing on methods for optimization of complex process systems. He was awarded a FRIPRO/IKTPLUSS grant for

fundamental research on fast hierarchical economic optimization of dynamic systems, and he is a member of the Outstanding Academic Fellows Program at NTNU. He will be focusing on developing and applying modern methods for optimizing operation of subsea processing systems. At the IFAC World Congress in Cape Town in August 2014, Sigurd Skogestad became Fellow of the International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC). Process Control Activities Industrial use of advanced process control increases rapidly, and candidates who combine process knowledge and control expertise are in high demand in industry. Control is an enabling technology, thus basic for any industry-based society. The use of advanced control is transforming industries previously regarded as "lowtech" into "high-tech". In process control (Sigurd Skogestad, Johannes Jäschke, Heinz Preisig and Krister Forsman), the objective of the research is to develop simple yet rigorous tools to solve problems significant to industrial applications. Up to now, the design of the overall "plant-wide" control structure has been based on engineering experience and intuition, whilst the aim has been to develop rigorous techniques. The concept of "self-optimizing control" provides a basis for linking economic optimization and control (Sigurd Skogestad). For example, for a marathon runner, the heart rate may be a good "self-optimizing" variable that may be kept constant in spite of uncertainty. Control is done in a hierarchical construct. At the bottom of the hierarchy, the main issue is to "stabilize" the operation and follow the setpoints provided by the layer above. Further up in the hierarchy one finds optimising control co-ordinating the control of units and plants. A special case is sequential control, which is used to implement recipes in batch operations but also is the basics of handling start-up and shut-down as well as all fault and emergency handling. Another important concept is controllability, which links control and design. Here the main focus is on applications, which currently include reactor and recycle processes, distillation columns, gas processing plants, cooling cycles including liquefied natural gas (LNG) plants, low-temperature polymer fuel cells and anti-slug control. Small-scale experimental rigs have been built to study anti-slug control and novel distillation arrangements. In most cases, control is an "add-on" to enable and improve operation, but the anti-slug rig demonstrates how control in some cases can be used to operate the system in a completely different manner. Subsea Process Systems Engineering Subsea production and processing is a key technology for exploitation of Norwegian and international oil and gas resources. New solutions are needed to reduce operation and development cost, to increase the recovery

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factor, to reduce implementation time for field developments, and to allow development of new more demanding fields. The research in our group (Jäschke) is focused on developing methods for enabling safe, reliable and economic operation of such systems. This includes development of simplified process models that are suitable for optimization and control, as well as methods for optimizing operation and estimating important unmeasured variables. Process Modelling Behaviours The centre piece of process systems engineering is the model. Modelling is generally seen as a difficult and time consuming operation. The step-wise approach developed in this group has transformed the art of modelling into a nearly procedural operation, which has been captured in a program environment (Preisig). The modelling operation is thereby lifted up from writing equations to choosing concepts and mechanisms. The equations are then generated and assembled automatically taking the applicable equations from a data base that has built applying mechanistic descriptions where ever applicable. Multi-scale modelling is supported by enabling order-of-magnitude assumptions, which automatically induce model reduction thereby eliminating structure-related mathematical problems. The overall objective in the group is to develop efficient object-oriented software tools that implement this method and assist in developing consistent and structurally solvable process models on different scales that match the particular application. The technology is physics-based with extensions to allow for grey-box modelling. It aims at replacing various graphical interfaces to simulators and generates code for the major chemical engineering simulators such as gProms, Matlab, Modelica etc. but will also be able to generate stand alone, application-tailored simulators. The fourth generation of a high-level modelling tool (Preisig) incorporates object-oriented tools for efficient thermodynamic modelling, which extend into the efficient computation of thermodynamic information. Rather than a traditional implementation of activity or fugacity coefficients, emphasis is put on the use of structured equation sets governed by thermodynamic consistency rules (Haug-Warberg). The thermodynamic models are implemented in symbolic form with automatic differentiation capabilities and serves as the basis of several industrial strength simulations (YASIM, CADAS) and energy accounting tools (HERE) in co-operation with Statoil, Hydro and Yara (Haug-Warberg). A primary aspect of thermodynamic (and other physics) modelling is the required consistency of physical units. We have a procedure to obtain self-consistent models, including automatic generation of gradients. This technique has so far been tested up to sixth order gradients, which are needed for higher-order critical point calculations. In cooperation with Yara AS we have implemented a thermodynamic stream calculator “Yasim”. It has a gentle learning curve using the familiar Excel worksheet interface whilst using state-of-the-art thermodynamic methods. All model information including mass balances,

energy balances, chemical and phase equilibrium relations are defined in symbolic form. Differentiations are done in symbolic form. These properties add unsurpassed flexibility to Yasim that is not found in any other software of its kind. The ease of use should make it ideally suited for training and use in an industrial environment. Multi-scale Materials Modelling The MoDeNa project, which NTNU (Preisig) is coordinating, is part of EC's Framework 7 program. MoDeNa stands for Modelling of morphology Development of micro- and Nanostructures and is part of an EC cluster consisting of 4 + 1 projects: Deepen (Tyndal, Irland), MMP (TNO, Netherlands), NanoSim (SINTEF), SimPhoNy (Frauenhofer, Germany) plus a fifth associated member ICMEg (RWTH, Aachen). The cluster's objective is to generate a platform for the materials modelling for process and product design, which in the long run extends to operations, thus control on all scales The MoDeNa consortium includes UNITS (Trieste, Italy) for nanoscale modelling, VSCHT (Prague, Czech Republic) for mesoscale modelling, Uni Stuttgart (Germany) for thermodynamic properties, TUE (Eindhoven, Netherlands) for micro-scale fluid properties, POLITO (Turin, Italy) for macroscopic flow, Wikki (London, GB) for the platform, BASF (Ludwigshaven, Germany) for the cases of thermoplastic Polyurethane and Polyurethane foams. IMDEA (Madrid, Spain) for the modelling of the mechanical properties, whilst DIN (Berlin, Germany) is together with NTNU attempting to define a standard for the representation of mathematical models. NTNU is the coordinator and responsible for the generic organisation of the models, workflows, data models and data storage as well as the systematic generation of surrogate models, which involves a loop of design of experiments – detailed model simulations – fitting of the surrogate model – quality assessment and if necessary an improved design of experiments. Preisig is also member of EMMC, the EC's European Materials Modelling Council. Model-Process Interface The model generally needs to be fitted to experimental data, and the group has always has a strong focus on statistical methods and experimental design (Hertzberg). Although Professor Hertzberg retired in 2007, he is still active in this area, and in particular, in mentoring. Systems biology The system biology activity in the group is rather new, and we here provide a more detailed status on it. Whereas the rest of the Process Systems engineering group looks at any process, whether it is a large industrial scale process or a smaller parts of the process, and strive to model, optimize and control it, the systems biologist in the group (Nadav Bar and coworkers) use similar tools to achieve the same in processes from the world of biology. This includes understanding the biological system, modelling it qualitatively and quantitatively, analysing the models to find hidden properties, and ultimately developing control

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applications in order to drive the system towards more desired objectives. We use mathematical and computer tools, and we rely on the cooperation with our partners for experimental results. The activities in system biology aee presently in four main research areas: Bat behaviour. In corporation with two groups from Israel, (Nachem Ulanovsky at the Weizman institute, and Yossi Yovel at Tel Aviv University) we developed a dynamic model that describe the flight pattern of the bat that wants to catch a moving target (insect). We found that that the bat uses a controller with derivative control effect. However, this amplifies the noise and reduces the ability to detect the target while flying, increasing the chance to loose its food. Aquaculture modelling (Bar). This project is directed towards several of the main goals of the Norwegian research Council, aquaculture program. The activity in the group focuses on two main subjects: 1) Healthy fish, with the goal to fight fish paracite through modelling the interaction fish-lice, and 2) Fish Feed, with the goal to create an optimal feed which reduces the environmental load while maintaining optimal fish growth. An application to the Research Council, in corporation with UiB, Bergen, was send in April, and two more grant applications will be sent in September. The Aquaculture modelling project extends the activity to include also modeling of hunger and feed intake, a very important factor in fish growth and a significant factor in the aquaculture activity and its economic benefits. We wish to be able to control the appetite of the fish in rearing conditions (such as Salmon) through the effect of the balance of the food ingredients, without adding any artificial additives such as hormones. Since this industry produces very large quantities of fish every year, even a small increase in daily feed intake will result in a massive increase in fish production and large profits to both the feed manufacturers and the fish farmers. Prediction of gene expression. This project started in cooperation with the other system biology groups at the Faculty, namely those of Martin Kuiper (Department of Biology) and Svein Valla (Department of Biotechnology). Using bioinformatics tools, we want to show how the bonds between the DNA and the mRNA are correlated to gene regulation. During 2011 we conducted experiments at the Department of Biotechnology. The expression data acquired enables us to compare the simulations and conclude about the mechanisms involved. The project involves Jørgen Skancke, who is planned to finish his PhD work in the fall of 2015.

is used for demonstration purposes and to study sequence control based on automata theory (Heinz Preisig). In addition, we have extensively used our two-phase “miniloop” to test anti-slug control strategies. The group also has a control teaching laboratory, which includes three thermal/air flow processes, a pseudo flash and a mixing process. Funding Source Funding comes from the The Research Council of Norway, NTNU, Gastrocenteret at the St, Olav's Hospital, from industry (Statoil, Yara, Biomar) and from the EU (MoDeNa).

D

F

S1 S2

H=6 m D=5 cm

B

Kaibel Distillation column.

Equipment in the systems group The Kaibel distillation column (see picture), which is currently being reassembled, is 6 meter high and 5 cm in diameter and can be used to study "thermally coupled" columns, including the three-product Petlyuk column and the four-product Kaibel column. Dr. Ivar Halvorsen from SINTEF and Sigurd Skogestad manage this integrated distillation project. An automatic drink robot

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PROCESS SYSTEMS ENGINEERING GROUP

First row from left: Second row from left: Third row from left:

Derik Le Roux, Tamal Das, Sigurd Skogestad, Cansu Birgen, Fahad Matovu, Johannes Jäschke Chriss Grimholt, Daniela Paksiova, Pablo Julian Bouza, Preben Fürst Tyvold, Sigmund Andenes, Tore Haug-Warberg, Mandar Thombre, Adriaen Verheyleweghen Bo Sun, Vladimiros L. Minasidis, Martin Bland, Julian Straus, Adrian Støbakk Finvold, Ingrid Nyeng, Kasper Linnestad, Kjetil Bohman Sonerud, Vinicius de Oliveira

Sigve Karolius, Adriana Reyes Lua, Heinz Preisig, Krister Forsman

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ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND REACTOR TECHNOLOGY GROUP Academic staff Professor Hallvard Svendsen Professor May-Britt Hägg Professor Hugo A. Jakobsen Professor Magne Hillestad Professor Jens-Petter Andreassen Associate Professor Hanna Knuutila Associate Professor Liyuan Deng Adjunct Professor Geert Versteeg Adjunct Professor Jon Samseth Adjunct Professor Jana P Jakobsen Professor Emeritus Olav Erga Scientists Hartono, Ardi He, Xuezhong Lindbråthen, Arne Post Docs Guitierrez, Maria Teresa Guzman He, Gupta, Mayuri Xuezhong Ma, Xiaoguang (from 01.07.2014) Rafiq, Sikander (from 21.10.2014) Romero-Nieto, Daniel (from 11.11.2013) Rout, Kumar Ranjan Solsvik, Jannike Uddin, Mohammad Washim (until 31.07.2014) Yu, Qiang (until 30.06.2014) PhD candidates Broby, Margrethe Dai, Zhongde Enaasen, Nina Fytianos, Georgios Gondal, Shahla (until 01.10.2015) Guerrero Heredia, Gabriel (from 03.03.2014) Jonassen, Øystein Kaombe, Divina D. (until 13.02.2014) Ma, Xiaoguang Majeed, Hammad Mehdizadeh, Hamid Monteiro, Juliana (until 31.10.2014) Nafisi, Vajiheh (until 28.02.2014) Ostadi, Mohammad (from 13.01.2014) Pinto, Diego Di Domenico (until 31.10.2014) Putta , Koteswara Rao Saeed, Muhammad Sánchez, Rafael (until 12.12.2014) Seglem, Karen Nessler Shoukat, Usman (from 06.01.2014) Skog, Tom-Gøran (until 21.02.2014) Solsvik, Jannike 17.01.2014) Trollebø, Anastasia Uçar Şeniz Usman, Muhammad Vik, Camilla Berge Wang, Lijuan Zhang, Yanwei (from 03..03.2014)

Technical staff Flatberg, Gøril Hammer, Mikael Guests Cristina Perinu, University of Naples Federico II, Italy Environmental engineering and reactor technology is the largest research group in the department covering interests in the fields of chemical reactor research, process design, acid gas absorption, membrane research, and crystallization and particle design. One example of involvement of our group in large research projects is the BIGCCS – International CCS Research Centre which is one of eight centres established The Research Council of Norway, under the scheme of Environmentally Friendly Research Centres (CEER). The BIGCCS Centre focuses on sustainable power generation from fossil fuels based on cost-effective CO2 capture, safe transport, and underground storage of CO2. The members of the environmental and reactor technology group are involved in topics like separation of CO2 with membranes, capture of CO2 in systems with simultaneous crystallization of solids, dynamic modelling of absorption processes, and modelling and simulation of sorption enhanced steam methane reforming operated in fixed and circulating fluidized bed reactors.

Chemical Reactor Research The activity on reactor engineering has been concentrated in fields directly supporting the design and development of chemical reactors and reactive separations. The most important research areas are:  Mathematical modeling of chemical reactors.  Multiphase flow modeling.  Design of novel solution methods and algorithms.  Experimental analyses of fluid flow, fluid particle coalescence and breakage, CO2 sorption by adsorbents and heat- and mass transfer in chemical reactors.  Experimental validation of numerical models.  Analysis and design of reactors for environmentally friendly chemical processes. The research in these fields comprises both experimental and theoretical studies, but emphasis is placed on modeling, development of numerical methods and inhouse software for multi-phase reactor simulations. The simplest models considered are normally implemented in the programming language Matlab, whereas the computationally demanding models are implemented in FORTRAN 90 and C++. Application areas are special chemicals reactors, polymer production, sorption enhanced steam methane reforming,

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conventional synthesis gas and methanol synthesis, membrane reactors, wood gasification and chemical looping combustion.

Flow pattern in a bubbling fluidized bed. A circulating fluidized bed reactor used for studies of sorption enhanced steam methane reforming (SE-SMR).

Educationally the main objective of our group is to educate MSc for the Norwegian industry and to raise the national scientific competence in our field of research through PhD studies. Research activities The most important research projects are described in the following paragraphs. For a more comprehensive description, see: (www.ntnu.no/kjempros/miljoreaktor)

We are also investigating the performance of chemical reactive systems like fluidized beds, fixed bed reactors and agitated tanks. At present we are working with the design of suitable reactors for sorption enhanced reaction processes (SERP) like steam reforming with absorbents for CO2. Moreover, we are performing investigations of the chemical looping reforming and combustion processes.

Modeling of multi-phase reactors We have for more than 20 years been developing inhouse CFD codes for simulating multiphase flows in chemical reactors. Lately, our main focus has been put on developing modules for bubble/droplet break-up and coalescence within the population balance equation (PBE) framework. Simulation of the flow pattern from a turbine impeller.

The conventional 1D and 2D steady-state reactor models are normally run on standard PCs whereas the more computationally demanding dynamic 2D and 3D single and multiphase flow simulations are run on the national super-computers located at the university.

A cold flow bubble column used for studies of bubble breakage and coalescence mechanisms.

The PBEs are solved accurately by efficient spectral and spectral-element methods designed for this particular purpose.

Advanced Modeling and Simulation of Chemical Reactors The activity in this area is mainly founded by the Norwegian Research Council through the GassMaks program. The work in this project is focused on modeling of chemical reactors like fixed packed bed-, bubble column-, and fluidized bed reactors by the complete multifluid model containing a population balance equation for the fluid particle size distribution for the multiphase reactors. The model equations are solved by the modern least squares spectral element method. In the next phase of the project the novel inhouse codes will be applied analyzing the chemical reactor processes utilizing natural gas as feedstock. A new activity is related to the modeling, implementation and simulation of the Fischer-Tropsch process operated in a slurry bubble column producing diesel using natural gas and biomass as feedstock. For

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this purpose we are employing a combined multifluidpopulation balance model for the reactive three-phase system. The model equations are solved by the modern least squares spectral method.

CO2, H2S and droplet removal Removal of droplets from high pressure gases An area of great importance for the Norwegian gas producing industry is the separating out of droplets from high pressure gases. Downstream process equipment e.g. compressors, separation processes or chemical reactors suffer disturbed operation or break-down if gases are not droplet free. Today’s units are not good enough at high pressures, and robust and reliable solutions must be found in particular for sub-sea completions. The projects HiPGaS, HiPGLS and HiPGLSII were established for studying the phenomena governing such separations. In collaboration with ten industrial partners separation rigs have been established for both low and high pressures at NTNU and at the Statoil research center at Rotvoll. Tests within the projects have also been performed at semiindustrial scale at the K-lab facility at Kårstø. Results from the high pressure rigs are unique and form a basis for model validation. In the figures below some hold up and pressure drop measurements in knitted meshes at different pressures are shown. The experiments were performed in the high pressure rig with inlet vane and different mesh pads.

In the laser laboratory we have been studying over the years droplet/droplet and droplet/surface collisions and the stability and break-up of liquid jets and surfaces leading to re-entrainment of droplets for many years. Some examples are shown below: The breakup of liquid film on a thread, typical for what happens on a mesh pad separator and partial deposition in the CO2 system. Modelling real droplets with real interfaces is critical for predicting coalescence behaviour.

Effect on liquid film stability by increasing gas flow

Holdup in mesh pad HPB10 versusK-value using Natural gas at 20, 50 and 85 bars.K-values where liquid holdup was measured and no holdup could be detected is not shown.

High speed video of partial deposition for the CO2-CO2 system at 70 bar

Pressure drop versusK-value for both mesh pad HPA10 and mesh pad HPB10 using different fluid systems at 20, 50 and 85 bars. On the left HPA10 using N2/Exxsol and Natural gas systems. On the right HPA10 and HPB10 using Natural gas. Vertical lines show the flooding point, broken lines show HPA10 with natural gas.

Combined subsea hydrate control and H2S removal The removal of small amounts of H2S is often a problem associated with natural gas treatment. H2S may be present together with quantities of CO2 that need to be removed and in these cases it is normal to capture the H2S simultaneously. However, if H2S is present alone in small quantities the normal procedure today is to remove these using so-called “scavengers”. When it comes to prevention of hydrate formation in pipelines, a commonly used method is injection of MEG (monoethylene glycol). The MEG is injected into the pipeline and recovered downstream. The MEG is then regenerated and re-used. We are working on developing a new regenerative process where both hydrate formation

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We have many research projects in this area funded by the Research Council of Norway, the industry, and the European Union. Our work is concentrated along two axes, one studying CO2 capture from off gases from fossil fueled power plants and industry, and the other directed toward the removal of acid gases from natural gas. We were heavily involved in EU FP6 projects, e.g CASTOR and CAPRICE. This work continued in the EU FP7 CESAR and as coordinator of the EU FP7 iCap project. Currently we are partner in the OCTAVIUS and HiPerCap projects. Of the national projects on CO2 capture, the largest is SOLVit, a JIP with Aker Solutions additionally we are involved for example in the Research Council financed BIGCCS. The work we do involves all steps from theoretical screening of new absorbents by use of computational chemistry, through experimental screening, testing of environmental properties, characterization of equilibrium, thermal properties, transport properties and kinetics, degradation rates and mechanisms up to testing in laboratory scale pilot plants. We have also studied nitrosamine decomposition with UV-light on pilot scale. In parallel with the experimental work we develop models ranging from simple models for physical properties to rigorous kinetic and thermodynamic models, based on the electrolyte NRTL and extended UNIQUAC model frame-works. All these models are then implemented in our own SINTEF/NTNU in-house simulator CO2SIM to simulate the whole absorption/regeneration process. CO2SIM is a rate based simulator for the whole absorption/desorption process. The simulation results are validated through pilot plant tests. Below some examples of work we are doing are shown. The next figure shows measurements and model representation of the reactions kinetics of a diamine MAPA.

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[s-1])

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obs

ln(k

CO2 capture from exhaust gases and natural gas sweetening. One of the most fundamental problems facing the earth today is global warming. The emissions of CO2 contribute about 75% to the greenhouse gas effect and must be reduced, e.g. by CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS).

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5M 4M 3M

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2M 1M

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Kinetic model for MAPA

The figure below shows results from NMR measurements in the CO2-loaded AMP system. For the first time the formation of AMP-carbamate was reported and the carbamate constant determined.

Liquid speciation determined directly by 13C NMR spectroscopy for AMP-CO2-H2O system at: c) 45 °C. , AMP/AMPH+;, HCO3 / CO32 ; , AMPCO2-.

Degradation of absorbents is of great concern and we work on identification of degradation products and reaction mechanisms. In the figure below results from oxidative degradation measurements show how the HEF formation is compared to formate changes over time. 9 8 7 HEF/formate

is controlled and H2S removed. Since this would be a regenerative process significantly higher concentrations of H2S could be treated than normally is the case with scavengers. A phd-student funded by The Gas Technology Centre NTNU-SINTEF is working on the topic.

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21% O2 run2 50% O2 98% O2 21% O2 (75C)

5 4 3 2 1 0 0

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HEF/formate molar ratio for the experiments at different oxygen concentration (21-98%) and temperatures (55-75 °C).

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Experimental specific reboiler duty from the lab-pilot for DEEA/MAPA system and for 30wt% MEA. Molecular modeling results of the protonation constant, and heat of protonation of MEA compared to experimental results.

Dissociation constants (above) and Enthalpies of deprotonation (below) for MEA as function of temperature from SM8T model compared with available literature data.

In the iCap project a new liquid/liquid solvent system was simulated in CO2SIM and tested in pilot runs. In the figure above the predicted specific reboiler duty in this system is compared with MEA, and below some results from the pilot campaign are shown. Project and MSc student can be involved in all areas of our work and we always aim at providing a mixture of experimental and modeling work.

Results from CO2SIM.

Process Design A process design is to a large extent a consequence of developments on catalyst, choice of reaction routes, selection of solvent system, fluid type etc. At this level of development the structure of the chemical system and the kinetics are determined. Much research is focused on these topics because even incremental improvements may have large economic consequences. The next major step is to find a suitable reactor and process in which to deploy the system on a larger scale. The traditional way of doing design of new processes is by selecting reactor type and process configuration based on comparison to a similar known system. Design choices are often made on the basis of past experience or trial-and-error using laboratory tests and repeated simulations. These activities are necessary. However, it is not likely that the traditional way alone will lead to the best possible process configuration and design. Complementary tools and methods are needed to lead the design engineer onto the path of optimal design. Deviations from the optimal design will lead to unnecessary loss of product yield, unnecessary large volumes and loss of energy. Within the conceptual process design activity some of the most important choices are made, which have large consequences on the profitability and environmental loads of the final process technology. According to Douglas (1988) the conceptual design of an integrated plant can be broken down into a hierarchy of decisions and organized into different levels of activities. Among the levels of activities are reactor-separator-recycle structures, heat integration, and separation train sequence design. A method in focus here is a systematic procedure based on shortcut models. A path is a line of production on which basic operations or functions take place. Reactants pass through a series of functions or basic operations to form the desired products. The basic operations are represented by design functions on the volume path. The design functions are fluid mixing (dispersion), distribution of extra feed points, distribution of heat transfer area and coolant temperature, catalyst dilution distribution and more. The conceptual reactor design problem is solved as an optimal control problem. Parameterization of the design functions and the state variables are applied. The realization is a staged process string of multifunctional units.

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GASSMAKS – Improved Process Design and Operation of Natural Gas Conversion Technologies A novel process concept is proposed for converting natural gas to liquid Fischer-Tropsch products. An autothermal reformer with enriched air as oxidant is applied for synthesis gas (syngas) production, and because of the inert nitrogen a once-through FischerTropsch synthesis is the preferred option. In order to maximize the syngas conversion and the production of heavy hydrocarbons, a staged reactor path with distributed hydrogen feed and product withdraw is proposed. The hydrogen is produced by steam methane reforming in a heat exchange reformer (gas heated reformer), heat integrated with the hot effluent stream from the autothermal reformer. Tail gas from the last Fischer-Tropsch stage is sent to a gas turbine for power production. The hot exhaust gas from the gas turbine is used for natural gas preheating. The process is autonomous in the sense that it is self-sufficient with power and water, and therefore well suited for production in remote locations such as a floating production unit. The process concept is simple and inexpensive since cryogenic air separation and fired heaters are not required. For the Fisher-Tropsch synthesis, both the conventional shell and tube fixed bed reactors and microchannel reactors are considered and compared. The carbon efficiencies for a once-through synthesis are calculated to be 57 and 62 % for the fixed bed and microchannel reactors, respectively. The part of the energy that ends up in the product is 45 and 50 % for the fixed bed and microchannel reactors. However, the fixed bed alternative produces more energy as steam and power for export.

Results from CO2SIM.

Membrane Research Membranes for gas separation and osmotic processes

Memfo = Membran Forskning (Membrane Research)

The membrane research programs have extensive activities both on basic membrane material development, as well as membrane gas separation processes, modelling and simulations. The main focus for the research is CO2 capture by membranes (from flue gas, natural gas sweetening, biogas upgrading) and hydrogen recovery from various mixed gas streams. In addition to these energy focused gas applications, there is also ongoing research on membranes for other gas mixtures, chlorine separation included. The membrane materials in focus are various types of polymers, nano-composites, carbon membranes, and modified glass membranes. The international network is extensive, with co-operation both within EU-projects, USA, China, Japan, the Nordic countries and Russia. Brief description of sample gas separation projects NORCEM-ECRA/NFR project This is a project with pilot-scale demonstration of fixedsite-carrier membranes for CO2 capture from the flue gas in Norcem cement industry by collaboration with DNV GL and Yodfat Engineers. This project comprises two phases: a feasibility phase and phase for execution. The feasibility phase is to test and document the membrane performance and durability over at least 6 months of exposure in the flue gas in Brevik cement kilns, while phase of execution is to design and construct large modules for a two-stage FSC-membrane system, and to prove the performance as expected from process simulation and additionally to document the membrane durability by exposed to the flue gas of Brevik cement kilns over 24 months. BIP GASSMAKS / NFR project NAGAMA The project started late 2011 and will go for 3 years. The objective is CO2 removal from high pressure natural gas streams using a polymeric blend membrane; using as one of the polymers in the blend the patented PVAm facilitated transport membrane – other materials suitable for high pressure applications are also considered. The project includes material development, pilot construction, durability tests and simulations. The main challenge in this project is to maintain the good performance at high pressures (100 bar). Advanced high pressure test rigs have been built, one for permeation tests and one for durability tests. Special restrictions for HMS are needed in this operating range. Industrial partners are Statoil and Petrobras.

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Bundle of hollow fibre membranes in an industrial module– packing densities can be up to 30 000 m2/m3

Illustration of the mechanism in the patented CO2 facilitated transport membrane

SEM-picture showing a membrane. D0-DI: 1-6 mm cut though a hollow fibre

KMB Petromaks / NFR A Green Sea The project started in 2010, and Sintef Energy is the coordinator. The project has activities within four alternative technologies for natural gas sweetening. Memfo’s activity within the project is development of a nanocomposite membrane material for a membrane contactor. The other technologies are development of sorbents, alternative absorbents and low temperature separation. Process integration is also an important activity. There is one PhD-student within Memfo working on the project. MCIL-CO2 / NFR /CLIMIT The project started in the middle of 2012 with focus on the development of a novel membrane contactor process using ionic liquids as absorbents for pre-combustion CO2 capture. The project is scheduled for 3 years and finances 2 PhD-students within Memfo. The research activities include (1) build up a lab scale setup and simulation modules to demonstrate the proposed process and (2) provide knowledge and experimental data for the further up-scaling of the process. In 2013 two exchange PhD students from the project partner also contribute to this project in the development of ionic liquid based solvent.

OMPA / NFR/ BIP Statoil The project started in 2012 and planned for 3years. The principal objective is to develop an autonomous valve based on the principle of pressure retarded osmosis (PRO), so that it is able to close off the water producing zones in the well while other parts of the well continue to produce oil/gas. The main focus is to develop a suitable forward osmotic membrane that can withstand the harsh environmental conditions in a given well. Two postdoc researchers work in this project in 2013. The specially designed osmotic membranes for OMPA have been developed from chemically and thermally stable polymeric materials. Various projects on Nanocomposites The group has additionally several smaller research projects focusing on development of hybrid materials; in 2013 three PhDs have been involved in this topic, including an application of nanocomposite membrane in membrane contactor using mimic enzyme as promotor for CO2 absorption. The Memfo researchers work very much as a team in addition to be dedicated to individual projects. Hence the simulation of processes is handled whenever needed by those who have the competence. Likewise; the concern for environmental issues, leads to the focus also on biogas upgrading to vehicle fuel quality (biomethane). Carbon membranes has proved to be suitable for upgrading of biogas; documented by experiments and discussed in publications. A collaboration with University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM), Tanzania, has resulted in a project funded by NUFU. The focus is on bioenergy; with certain aspects of the production of bioethanol and biodiesel from local raw materials. There are 2 PhDs at UDSM and 2 at NTNU attached to this project. One PhD-student at NTNU defended his thesis with success in 2011. A new Tanzanian PhD-student joined in 2010, and finished her degree in Feb. 2014. We have several well equipped laboratories available for the membrane research; both for membrane material development as well as membrane characterization. The membrane research on CCS is especially strong, and completes the research on CCS activities in collaboration within the Environment and Reactor Group. A spin-off company from the research on carbon molecular sieve membranes was established in 2008 with the support of the Technology Transfer Office (TTO) at NTNU. The name of the company is MemfoACT (= Membranes for Advanced Clean Technology, http://www.memfoact.no ). This company won 3 prizes for creativity and innovation in 2009/2010, and additionally one in 2011.

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Crystallizaton and Particle Design The research within crystallization is focused at kinetics of nucleation, crystal growth, and agglomeration in order to predict and control the particle size distribution and shape of crystalline particulate products for scale prevention, improved solid-liquid separation, CO2capture in precipitating systems, and for nano-particle production. The crystallization group also investigates fundamental mechanisms in the early formation of solid particles, mechanisms for growth of polycrystalline particles and interaction between biopolymers and mineral formation. Improved Glycol Loop Operation – bulk precipitation and scaling of carbonates in natural gas processing. The aim of the project is to develop a simulation tool for glycol loops in processing of natural gas. This necessitates a deep understanding of the precipitation and crystallisation behaviour of salts and scale-forming carbonates in ethylene glycol (MEG) and water mixtures. Kinetics of calcium carbonate precipitation, scaling on heated surfaces and separation of salts in the on-shore glycol reclamation systems will be the main research tasks. The project is in collaboration with Institute of Energy Technology, Norway (IFE) and financed by several international oil and gas companies and the Research Council of Norway (NFR). The first part of the project was finalized in 2010 and a new 3 year application was granted. So far the studies performed in the crystallization group have shown that MEG significantly affects the precipitation of calcium carbonate by lowering the growth rate and by shifting the polymorphic composition. Kinetic expressions have been developed to be implemented into computer simulator for particle formation control within glycol loops. The project is continuing in 2013 (with 1 PhD and 1 postdoc at NTNU) by studies of surface scaling and bulk precipitation in presence of relevant impurities. Fundamentals of crystal growth By proper coupling of the thermodynamic driving force (supersaturation) with the morphology development of calcium carbonate crystals we have shown that the precipitation of calcium carbonate can be explained by classical crystal growth concepts rather than the nonclassical aggregation based explanations that are

frequently proposed in the recent literature. In such a way complex morphologies of both mono- and polycrystalline nature can be precipitated without additives, contrary to the claim of the non-classical paradigm. The research has resulted in invited contributions to conferences in 2013. Biomineralization Structural biocomposites found in nature often have a well-defined organization on the nanometer scale. For mineralized materials, interactions between organic and inorganic phases are important for controlling crystal size, morphology, and spatial arrangement, which is a requirement when structural biomaterials are designed. In a joint project with department of biochemistry, lead by the physics department, we have been studying the formation of nanoparticles of calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate in polysacchraride (alginate) networks as model systems for bone formation. The mineral formation within alginate gel beads is a complex precipitation phenomenon resulting from diffusion of ions through the networks and simultaneous competition for calcium by the gelling process. However, as we have shown by crystal growth rate studies in presence of different alginate oligomers, these molecules are strong crystal growth modifiers overriding the effect of mixing and diffusion and thereby facilitating the production of very small crystals within the networks. The variation in the oligomer composition was also shown to have great effects on the polymorphic composition of calcium carbonate, results that beside their fundamental significance can provide insight into mineral scale mitigation strategies in industry as well as to design hybrid materials. A new project was started in 2013 to develop mineralized, hierarchical, bioinspired materials for tissue engineering based on calcium phosphate and alginate constructs. The new PhD for the project started in August 2013. CO2-capture in precipitating systems Crystallization processes during carbon dioxide absorption can influence the kinetics and capacity of the capture process. In 2013 studies were conducted to investigate solids formation in amino acid absorbents during loading of CO2 to elucidate how these systems will perform in industrial operation by focusing on the simultaneous kinetic features of gas absorption and precipitation.

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Environmental- and Reactortechonology Group

First row from left: Second row from left: Third row from left: Fourth row from left:

Sikander Rafiq, Muhammad Usman, Ardi Hartono, Mayuri Gupta Kumar Ranjan Rout, Usman Shoukat, Muhammad Saeed, Xiaoguang Ma, Koteswara Rao Putta, Xiezhong He, Zhongde Dai Yuanwei Zhang, Muhammad Awais, Gabriel Guerrero Heredia, Ragne Marie Lilleby Helberg, Zaib Jahan, Mohammad Vahid Sarfaraz, Arlinda Fejso Ҫiftja, Hanna Knuutila, Luca Ansaloni Georgios Fytianos, Daniel Romero Nieto, Mohammad Ostadi, Arne Lindbråthen, Hallvard Svendsen, Jens-Petter Andreassen, Gøril Flatberg

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BIOREFINERY AND FIBRE TECHNOLOGY GROUP Academic staff Professor Øyvind W. Gregersen Associate Professor Størker Moe Adjunct Professor Kristin Syverud Professor Emeritus Torbjørn Helle Post Docs. Celaya Romeo, Javier (from 06.10.2014) PhD candidates Narvestad, Hanne (until 27.10.2014) Ottesen, Vegar (from 01.08.2014) Torstensen, Jonathan Økland (from 03.11.2014) Guests Molnes, Silje Nedland (UiS, from 09.04.2014) Jan Hill, (15.03.2013 – 30.06.2015)

Teaching The Biorefinery and Fiber Technology group educate chemical engineers and PhDs for the Norwegian pulp, paper and biorefinery industry. The estimated need from the industry is 4-6 engineering graduates and about 2 PhD candidates per year. In October 2014 Hanne Narvestad defended her PhD-thesis on metal ion induced darkening reactions in mechanical pulps and the effects on ions and other components on electrical properties of SC-paper. We have now developed the curriculum of our courses in the 4th and 5th year to include bioenergy and biorefinery concepts on an equal basis with pulp and paper. This reflects a similar change in our research focus and starting industrial development. During 20132014 we initiated a closer teaching cooperation with the department of biotechnology within the combined area of biorefinery and biochemical engineering. Biorefinery related topics are now offered to students from both biotechnology and chemical engineering, with packages of electable subjects designed for both classes of students. We have revised the contents of the “Biorefinery and fibre technology” course to make it as useful as possible for this new cooperation.

Partners The Biorefinery and Fibre technology group, Paper and Fibre research Institute (PFI) and parts of the Ugelstad laboratory (colloid and surface chemistry) are located in the same building on the NTNU Gløshaugen campus and are working in close cooperation. In addition Sintef, Innventia (Stockholm), UIB and MIUN (Sundsvall) are important research partners. We also cooperate closely with industry partners such as Norske Skog, Borregaard AS, Peterson and Statoil.

Research Our research is focused on bioenergy/biorefinery, improvements in the pulp and paper process and on improved end product quality. Our main research activity is done through PhD and Post Doc. fellows. Examples are:

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Optimal pre-treatment for the hydrolysis of lignocellulose for biofuel and biorefinery processes  Formation of inhibitory degradation products during pretreatment and depolymerisation of lignocellulose for biofuel and biorefinery processes Barrier properties of microfibrillated cellulose and chemically modified microfibrillated cellulose. Interaction between microfibrillar cellulose and the other components in the papermaking furnish. Properties of adhesives containing microfibrillated cellulose. Reduced energy consumption and/or better fibre properties of mechanical pulp through high intensity refining, co-refining of different raw materials or pretreatment of wood chips. The effect of furnish composition and sheet structure on wet pressing efficiency. The effect of ion content on brightness stability and electric properties of wood containing paper

Influence of the content of accessible iron in different commercial clay qualities on the disclouration of TMP upon storage. (Narvestad et al NPPRJ 2013, 28(1))

A main focus is now to establish new research projects. Currently we work in two research projects both funded from the Nano 2021 program of NFR. In 2013 the NORCEL project was started with Kristin Syverud (PFI/NTNU) as project manager. The project aims at developing tailored nanocellulose materials for application in medicine, papermaking and oil production. Vegar Ottesen and Silje N. Molnes (UiS) are PhD fellows in this project. During 2014 one new research project, NanoMBE was established together with Liyuan Deng from the Environment and reactor group at IKP as project manager and PFI as the third project partner. The project has three PhD students and aims at developing improved polymer-nanocomposite membranes for gas separation. Jonathan Thorstensen is a PhD fellow in this project.

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Trends During the last 10 years the focus of our research has shifted from exclusively pulp and paper to including research on bio-fuel, nanocellulose and bio-composite materials. Cellulose based particles in film and composite materials can give better oxygen barrier and mechanical properties to the materials. An overall goal in this research is replacing non-renewable packaging materials (plastics, aluminium foil) with cellulose based (renewable) materials. The research and application areas for nanocellulose have been much extended. The group is active in research on production, modification, application as filter material, barrier material, and additive for oil production. Biofuel manufacturing processes are regarded as a first stage in the development of biorefinery processes for the manufacture of energy, chemicals and materials from renewable resources. Together with PFI we are conducting research on the use of wood and agricultural

waste materials for the production of biofuel and chemicals. The short-term goal is cost-effective production of biooil and fuel ethanol from wood, while the long-term goal is the development of a viable biorefinery industry based on domestic or foreign non-fossil raw materials. Due to increasing energy prices, energy effective production is one of the primary concerns of the pulp and paper industry and thus also an important research area now and in the future. Here we are engaged in research on energy effective TMP refining, looking into the effect of wood chipping and wood raw material properties on the energy consumption. For paper production the drying of the paper consumes most energy, to reduce this we work with optimizing paper furnish composition and sheet structure to make dewatering during pressing as efficient as possible.

BIOREFINERY AND FIBRE TECHNOLOGY GROUP

First row from left: Second row from left:

Zaib Jahan, Silje Nedland Molnes, Kristin Syverud, Størker Moe Jonathan Økland Torstensen, Øyvind Gregersen, Vegar Ottesen

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CHAPTER 3: PUBLICATIONS PUBLICATIONS IN REFEREED JOURNALS 1. Ahmad, Jamil; Deshmukh, Kalim; Habib, Muddasar; Hagg, May-Britt. Influence of TiO2 Nanoparticles on the Morphological, Thermal and Solution Properties of PVA/TiO2 Nanocomposite Membranes. The Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 2014 ;Volum 39.(10) s. 68056814 2. Arshad, Muhammad Waseem; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne; Fosbøl, Philip Loldrup; von Solms, Nicolas; Thomsen, Kaj. Equilibrium Total Pressure and CO2 Solubility in Binary and Ternary Aqueous Solutions of 2(Diethylamino)ethanol (DEEA) and 3(Methylamino)propylamine (MAPA). Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data 2014 ;Volum 59.(3) s. 764-774 3. Bandyopadhyay, Sulalit; Singh, Gurvinder; Sandvig, Ioanna; Sandvig, Axel; Mathieu, Roland; Kumar, P Anil; Glomm, Wilhelm. Synthesis and in vitro cellular interactions of superparamagnetic iron nanoparticles with a crystalline gold shell. Applied Surface Science 2014 ;Volum 316. s. 171-178 4. Bar, Nadav. Physiological and hormonal changes during prolonged starvation in fish. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2014 ;Volum 71.(10) s. 1447-1458 5. Barrabino Ponce, Albert; Kelesoglu, Serkan; Sørland, Geir Humborstad; Simon, Sebastien Charles; Sjøblom, Johan. Phase inversion in emulsions studied by low field NMR. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 2014 ;Volum 443. s. 368-376 6. Becker, Per Julian; Puel, Franҁois; Jakobsen, Hugo Atle; Sheibat-Othman, Nida. Development of an improved breakage kernel for high dispersed viscosity phase emulsification. Chemical Engineering Science 2014 ;Volum 109. s. 326-338 7. Benmekhbi, Mehdi; Simon, Sebastien Charles. Limitations and Applicability of the Interfacial Shear Rheology in the Study of Monolayer Films at the AirWater Interface. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 2014 ;Volum 35.(1) s. 150-160 8. Benmekhbi, Mehdi; Simon, Sebastien Charles; Sjøblom, Johan. Dynamic and Rheological Properties of Span 80 at Liquid-Liquid Interfaces. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 2014 ;Volum 35.(6) s. 765-776

9. Brodin, Fredrik Wernersson; Gregersen, Øyvind Weiby; Syverud, Kristin. Cellulose nanofibrils: Challenges and possibilities as a paper additive or coating material - A review. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 2014 ;Volum 29.(1) s. 156-166 10. Chatrattanawet, Narissara; Skogestad, Sigurd; Arpornwichanop, Amornchai. Control structure design and controllability analysis for solid oxide fuel cell. Chemical Engineering Transactions 2014 ;Volum 39. s. 1291-1296 11. Chen, De; Holmen, Anders; Sui, Zhijun; Zhou, Xing-Gui. Carbon mediated catalysis: A review on oxidative dehydrogenation. Cuihuà xuébào 2014 ;Volum 35.(6) s. 824-841 12. Chen, W; Ji, Jian; Duan, X.; Qian, Gang; Li, Ping; Zhou, Xing-Gui; Chen, De; Yuan, Wei-Kang. Unique reactivity in Pt/CNT catalyzed hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane. Chemical Communications 2014 ;Volum 50.(17) s. 2142-2144 13. Chen, Wenyao; Ji, Jian; Feng, Xiang; Duan, Xuezhi; Qian, Gang; Li, Ping; Zhou, Xinggui; Chen, De; Yuan, Weikang. Mechanistic insight into size-dependent activity and durability in Pt/CNT catalyzed hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2014 ;Volum 136.(48) s. 16736-16739 14. Cheng, Hong-ye; Zhu, Yi-An; Chen, De; Åstrand, Per-Olof; Li, Ping; Qi, Zhiwen; Zhou, XingGui. Evolution of Carbon Nanofiber-Supported Pt Nanoparticles of Different Particle Sizes: A Molecular Dynamics Study. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2014 ;Volum 118.(41) s. 23711-23722 15. Ciftja, Arlinda Fejzo; Hartono, Ardi; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Carbamate stability measurements in amine/CO2/water systems with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Energy Procedia 2014 ;Volum 63. s. 633639 16. Ciftja, Arlinda; Hartono, Ardi; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Amine neutralized amino acid as CO2 absorbents: A quantitative 13C-NMR International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 2014 ;Volum 27. s. 169-177

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17. Ciftja, Arlinda; Hartono, Ardi; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Experimental study on carbamate formation in the AMPCO2-H2O system at different temperatures. Chemical Engineering Science 2014 ;Volum 107. s. 317-327 18. Dejanovi, Igor; Halvorsen, Ivar Johan; Skogestad, Sigurd; Jansen, Helmut; Oluji, Arko. Hydraulic design, technical challenges and comparison of alternative configurations of a four-product dividing wall column. Chemical Engineering and Processing 2014 ;Volum 84. s. 71-81 19. Deng, C; Duan, XueZhi; Zhou, Jinhong; Chen, De; Zhou, Xing-Gui; Yuan, Wei-Kang. Size effects of Pt-Re bimetallic catalysts for glycerol hydrogenolysis. Catalysis Today 2014 ;Volum 234. s. 208-214 20. Deng, Liyuan; Hagg, May-Britt. Carbon nanotube reinforced PVAm/PVA blend FSC nanocomposite membrane for CO2/CH4-separation. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 2014 ;Volum 26. s. 127-134 21. Deshmukh, Kalim; Ahmad, Jamil; Hagg, MayBritt. Fabrication and characterization of polymer blends consisting of cationic polyallylamine and anionic polyvinyl alcohol. Ionics (Kiel) 2014 ;Volum 20.(7) s. 957-967 22. Deshmukh, Kalim; Ahmad, Jamil; Joshi, G; Ahamed, MB; Hagg, May-Britt. Stability and electrokinetic properties of aqueous TiO2 nanoparticles dispersion in polyallylamine and polyvinyl alcohol blend systems. Journal of polymer research 2014 ;Volum 21.(4) 23. Djafari Petroudy, Seyed Rahman; Ghasemian, Ali; Resalati, Hossein; Syverud, Kristin; ChingaCarrasco, Gary. The effect of xylan on the fibrillation efficiency of DED bleached soda bagasse pulp and on nanopaper characteristics. Cellulose (London) 2014 s. 24. Doni, Jayavelu Naresh; Bar, Nadav. Dynamics of Regulatory Networks in Gastrin-Treated Adenocarcinoma Cells. PLoS ONE 2014 ;Volum 9.(1) s. 25. Dudasova, Dorota; Sjøblom, Johan; Øye, Gisle. Characterization and suspension stability of particles recovered from offshore produced water. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2014 ;Volum 53.(4) s. 1431-1436 26. Dutra, Julio Cesar Sampaio; de Sá Feital, Thiago; Skogestad, Sigurd; Lima, Enrique Luis; Pinto, Jose Carlos. Control of Bulk Propylene Polymerizations Operated with Multiple Catalysts through Controller Reconfiguration. Macromolecular Reaction Engineering 2014 ;Volum 8.(3) s. 201-206

27. e Silva, SAM; Valarini, MFC; Chorilli, M; Friberg, Stig E.; Leonardi, GR. Minimum Evaporation Model of Dermatological Delivery Systems. Lamellar Liquid Crystal Formulations Containing Brazilian Nut (Bertholletia excelsa HBK) Vegetable Oil and Guarana Glycolic Extract. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 2014 ;Volum 35.(8) s. 1191-1199 28. Eiras, Sara Boullosa; Lødeng, Rune; Bergem, Håkon; Stöcker, Michael Wilhelm; Hannevold, Lenka; Blekkan, Edd Anders. Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of phenol over supported molybdenum carbide, nitride, phosphide and oxide catalysts. Catalysis Today 2014 ;Volum 223.(March) s. 44-53 29. Eiras, Sara Boullosa; Lødeng, Rune; Bergem, Håkon; Stöcker, Michael Wilhelm; Hannevold, Lenka; Blekkan, Edd Anders. Potential for metal-carbide, -nitride, and -phosphide as future hydrotreating (HT) catalysts for processing of biooils. ACS Catalysis 2014 ;Volum 26. s. 29-71 30. Enaasen, Nina; Zangrilli, Luigi; Mangiaracina, Angela; Mejdell, Thor; Kvamsdal, Hanne Marie; Hillestad, Magne. Validation of a Dynamic Model of the Brindisi Pilot Plant. Energy Procedia 2014 ;Volum 63. s. 1040-1054 31. Feng, Xiang; Duan, XueZhi; Qian, Gang; Zhou, Xing-gui; Chen, De; Yuan, Wei-kang. Insights into size-dependent activity and active sites of Au nanoparticles supported on TS-1 for propene epoxidation with H2 and O2. Journal of Catalysis 2014 ;Volum 317. s. 99-104 32. Feng, Xiang; Duan, Xuezhi; Qian, Gang; Zhou, Xinggui; Chen, De; Yuan, Wei-kang. Au nanoparticles deposited on the external surfaces of TS-1: Enhanced stability and activity for direct propylene epoxidation with H2 and O2. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 2014 ;Volum 150-151. s. 396-401 33. Fermoso, Javier; Gil, Maria V; Rubiera, Fernando; Chen, De. Multifunctional Pd/Ni-Co catalyst for hydrogen production by chemical looping coupled with steam reforming of acetic acid. ChemSusChem 2014 ;Volum 7.(11) s. 3063-3077 34. Fernandes, Vasco Rafael P; Gustafson, Johan; Farstad, Mari Helene; Walle, Lars Erik; Blomberg, Sara; Lundgren, Edvin; Venvik, Hilde Johnsen; Borg, Anne. H2 reduction of surface oxides on Pd-based membrane model systems - The case of Pd(100) and Pd75Ag25(100). Applied Surface Science 2014 ;Volum 313. s. 794-803

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35. Fernandes, Vasco Rafael P; Gustafson, Johan; Svenum, Ingeborg-Helene; Farstad, Mari Helene; Walle, Lars Erik; Blomberg, Sara; Lundgren, Edvin; Borg, Anne. Reduction Behavior of Oxidized Pd(100) and Pd75Ag25(100) Surfaces Using CO. Surface Science 2014 ;Volum 621. s. 31-39 36. Flury, C; Afacan, A; Bakhtiari, MT; Sjøblom, Johan; Xu, ZH. Effect of Caustic Type on Bitumen Extraction from Canadian Oil Sands. Energy & Fuels 2014 ;Volum 28.(1) s. 431-438 37. Friberg, Stig E. Selective emulsion inversion in an equilibrium Janus drop. 1. Unlimited space. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 2014 ;Volum 416. s. 167-171 38. Fytianos, Georgios; Grimstvedt, Andreas Magnar; Knuutila, Hanna; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Effect of MEA's degradation products on corrosion at CO2 capture plants. Energy Procedia 2014 ;Volum 63. s. 1869-1875 39. Gawel, Bartlomiej; Eftekhardadkhah, Mona; Øye, Gisle. Elemental Composition and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis of Crude Oils and Their Fractions. Energy & Fuels 2014 ;Volum 28.(2) s. 9971003 40. Gil, Maria V; Fermoso, Javier; Rubiera, Fernando; Chen, De. H2 production by sorption enhanced steam reforming of biomass-derived bio-oil in a fluidized bed reactor: An assessment of the effect of operation variables using response surface methodology. Catalysis Today 2014 ;Volum 242. s. 19-34 41. Gil, Maria Victoria; Esteban-Diez, G.; Previda, C.; Chen, De; Rubiera, Fernando. H2 production by steam reforming with in situ CO2 capture of biomass-derived bio-oil. Energy Procedia 2014 ;Volum 63. s. 6815-6823 42. Gupta, Mayuri; Silva, Eirik Falck da; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Comparison of Equilibrium Constants of Various Reactions Involved in Amines and Amino Acid Solvents for CO2 Absorption. Energy Procedia 2014 ;Volum 51. s. 161-168 43. Gupta, Mayuri; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Temperature Dependent Enthalpy of CO2 Absorption for Amines and Amino acids from theoretical calculations at Infinite dilution. Energy Procedia 2014 ;Volum 63. s. 1106-1114

44. Gupta, Mayuri; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Theoretical Study of Temperature dependent Enthalpy of Absorption, Heat Capacity, and Entropy changes for Protonation of Amines and Amino acid Solvents. Energy Procedia 2014 ;Volum 63. s. 1099-1105 45. Gupta, Mayuri; Vevelstad, Solrun Johanne; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Mechanisms and Reaction Pathways in MEA Degradation; A Computational Study. Energy Procedia 2014 ;Volum 63. s. 1115-1121 46. Harbottle, David; Chen, Q; Moorthy, K; Wang, L; Xu, S; Liu, Q; Sjøblom, Johan; Xu, Zhenghe. Problematic stabilizing films in petroleum emulsions: Shear rheological response of viscoelastic asphaltene films and the effect on drop coalescence. Langmuir 2014 ;Volum 30.(23) s. 6730-6738 47. Hartono, Ardi; Ciftja, Arlinda Fejzo; Bruder, Peter; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Characterization of Amine-impregnated adsorbent for CCS post combustion. Energy Procedia 2014 ;Volum 63. s. 2138-2143 48. Hartono, Ardi; Mba, Emmanuel; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Physical properties of partially CO₂ loaded aqueous monoethanolamine (MEA). Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data 2014 ;Volum 59.(6) s. 1808-1816 49. Hartono, Ardi; Saeed, Muhammad; Kim, Inna; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Protonation constant (pKa) of MDEA in water as function of temperature and ionic strength. Energy Procedia 2014 ;Volum 63. s. 1122-1128 50. Hartono, Ardi; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. A consistent thermodynamic model for Solid Liquid Equilibrium (SLE) and Vapor Liquid Equilibrium (VLE) in aqueous amine solutions. Energy Procedia 2014 ;Volum 63. s. 1129-1134 51. Hasinovic, Hida; Boggs, C; Friberg, Stig E.; Kovach, I; Koetz, J. Janus Emulsions from a One-Step Process; Optical Microscopy Images. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 2014 ;Volum 35.(5) s. 613-618 52. Hasinovic, Hida; Friberg, Stig E.; Kovach, I; Koetz, J. Destabilization of a dual emulsion to form a Janus emulsion. Colloid and Polymer Science 2014 ;Volum 292.(9) s. 2319-2324 53. Hauser, Ingrid; Einbu, Aslak; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne; Østgaard, Kjetill. Biological treatment of effluents generated by amine based CO2-capture plants. Journal of Energy Challenges and Mechanics 2014 ;Volum 1.(4) s. -

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54. He, Xuezhong; Hagg, May-Britt. Energy Efficient Process for CO2 Capture from Flue gas with Novel Fixed-site-carrier Membranes. Energy Procedia 2014 ;Volum 63. s. 174-185

63. Jaschke, Johannes; Skogestad, Sigurd. A self-optimizing strategy for optimal operation of a preheating train for a crude oil unit. Computer-aided chemical engineering 2014 ;Volum 33. s. 607-612

55. He, Xuezhong; Hagg, May-Britt; Kim, TaekJoong. Hybrid FSC membrane for CO2 removal from natural gas: Experimental, process simulation, and economic feasibility analysis. AIChE Journal 2014 ;Volum 60.(12) s. 4174-4184

64. Jaschke, Johannes; Skogestad, Sigurd. Optimal operation of heat exchanger networks with stream split: Only temperature measurements are required. Computers and Chemical Engineering 2014 ;Volum 70. s. 35-49

56. He, Xuezhong; Kim, Taek Joong; Hagg, MayBritt. Hybrid fixed-site-carrier membranes for CO2 removal from high pressure natural gas: Membrane optimization and process condition investigation. Journal of Membrane Science 2014 ;Volum 470. s. 266-274 57. Hoff, Karl Anders; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Membrane contactors for CO2 absorption - Application, modeling and mass transfer effects. Chemical Engineering Science 2014 ;Volum 116. s. 331-341 58. Høydalsvik, Kristin; Fløystad, Jostein Bø; Voronov, Alexey; Voss, Georg; Esmaeili, Morteza; Kehres, J.; Granlund, Håvard; Vainio, Ulla; Andreasen, Jens Wenzel; Rønning, Magnus; Breiby, Dag Werner. Morphology changes of Co catalyst nanoparticles at the onset of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2014 ;Volum 118.(5) s. 2399-2407 59. Høydalsvik, Kristin; Fløystad, Jostein Bø; Zhao, Tiejun; Esmaeili, Morteza; Diaz, Ana; Andreasen, Jens Wenzel; Mathiesen, Ragnvald; Rønning, Magnus; Breiby, Dag Werner. In situ X-ray ptychography imaging of high-temperature CO2 acceptor particle agglomerates. Applied Physics Letters 2014 ;Volum 104.(24) 60. Ibrahim, Mohamed; Skaugen, Geir; Ertesvåg, Ivar Ståle; Haug-Warberg, Tore. Modelling CO2 - water mixture thermodynamics using various equations of state (EoSs) with emphasis on the potential of the SPUNG EoS. Chemical Engineering Science 2014 ;Volum 113. s. 22-34 61. Jahanshahi, Esmaeil; de Oliveira, Vinicius; Grimholt, Chriss; Skogestad, Sigurd. A Comparison between Internal Model Control, Optimal PIDF and Robust Controllers for Unstable Flow I Risers. Elsevier IFAC Publications / IFAC Proceedings series 2014 s. 5752-5759 62. Jahanshahi, Esmaeil; Skogestad, Sigurd. Simplified dynamic Models for Control of Riser Slugging in Offshore Oil Production. Oil and Gas Facilities 2014 s. 64-79

65. Jaschke, Johannes; Yang, X; Biegler, LT. Fast economic model predictive control based on NLPsensitivities. Journal of Process Control 2014 ;Volum 24.(8) s. 1260-1272 66. Jayavelu, Naresh Doni; Bar, Nadav. Metabolomic studies of human gastric cancer: Review. World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014 ;Volum 20.(25) s. 8092-8101 67. Ji, J; Pham, T.H.; Duan, X.; Qian, B; Li, P; Zhou, X; Chen, De. Morphology dependence of catalytic properties of Ni nanoparticles at the tips of carbon nanofibers for ammonia decomposition to generate hydrogen. International journal of hydrogen energy 2014 ;Volum 39.(35) s. 20722-20730 68. Jonassen, Øystein; Kim, Inna; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Heat of absorption of carbon dioxide (CO2) into aqueous N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) and N,Ndimethylmonoethanolamine (DMMEA). Energy Procedia 2014 ;Volum 63. s. 1890-1902 69. Kaombe, Divina Donald; Hagg, May-Britt. Forward osmosis for the dewatering of pyrolysis oil aqueous phase. Separation and Purification Technology 2014 ;Volum 138. s. 92-97 70. Khanam, Ambari; Shamsuzzoha, Mohammad. A simple PID tuning rule with robustness analysis for the time delay process. Computer-aided chemical engineering 2014 ;Volum 33. s. 751-756 71. Khanam, Ambari; Shamsuzzoha, Mohammad; Skogestad, Sigurd. Optimal operation and control of divided wall column. Computer-aided chemical engineering 2014 ;Volum 33. s. 673-678 72. Kim, KKK; Skogestad, Sigurd; Morari, Manfred; Braatz, Richard D. Necessary and sufficient conditions for robust reliable control in the presence of model uncertainties and system component failures. Computers and Chemical Engineering 2014 ;Volum 70. s. 67-77

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73. Knudsen, Kenneth Dahl; Simon, Sebastien Charles; Qassym, Lilia; Gao, Bicheng; Sjøblom, Johan. Mixed Micelles of Tetrameric Acids and Naphthenic Acids in Water. Energy & Fuels 2014 ;Volum 28.(7) s. 4469-4479 74. Knuutila, Hanna; Asif, Naveed; Vevelstad, Solrun Johanne; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Formation et destruction de NDELA dans des solutions de 30%m de MEA (Monoétha-nolamine) et de 50%m de DEA (Diéthanolamine). Oil & gas science and technology 2014 ;Volum 69.(5) s. 805-820 75. Knuutila, Hanna; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne; Asif, Naveed. Decomposition of nitrosamines in aqueous monoethanolamine (MEA) and diethanolamine (DEA) solutions with UV-radiation. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 2014 ;Volum 31. s. 182-191 76. Kovach, I; Koetz, J; Friberg, Stig E.. Janus emulsions stabilized by phospholipids. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 2014 ;Volum 441. s. 66-71 77. Kovalchuk, Karina; Riccardi, Enrico; Grimes, Brian Arthur. Multiscale modeling of mass transfer and adsorption in liquid-liquid dispersions. 1. Molecular dynamics simulations and interfacial tension prediction for a mixed monolayer of mono- and tetracarboxylic acids. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2014 ;Volum 53.(29) s. 11691-11703 78. Kovalchuk, Karina; Riccardi, Enrico; Grimes, Brian Arthur. Multiscale modeling of mass transfer and adsorption in liquid-liquid dispersions. 2. application to calcium naphthenate precipitation in oils containing mono- and tetracarboxylic acids. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2014 ;Volum 53.(29) s. 1170411719 79. Kovalchuk, Karina; Riccardi, Enrico; Mehandzhiyski, Aleksandar Yordanov; Grimes, Brian Arthur. Aggregates of poly-functional amphiphilic molecules in water and oil phases. Colloid Journal of the Russian Academy of Science 2014 ;Volum 76.(5) s. 564-575 80. Kumar, Lalit; Lawrence, Chris; Sjøblom, Johan. Mechanism of pressure propagation and weakly compressible homogeneous and heterogeneous thixotropic gel breakage to study flow restart. RSC Advances 2014 ;Volum 4.(52) s. 27493-27501 81. Kumar, P. Anail; Singh, Gurvinder; Glomm, Wilhelm; Wahlström, Erik; Mathieu, Roland. Superspin glass state and exchange bias in amorphous Fe/Fe-O coreshell nanoparticles. Materials Research Express 2014 ;Volum 1. s. 036103-

82. Kvamsdal, Hanne Marie; Kim, Inna; van Os, Peter; Pevida, Covadonga; Hagg, May-Britt; Brown, Jock; Robinson, Laurence; Feron, Paul. HiPerCap: A New FP7 Project for Development and Assessment of Novel and Emerging Post-combustion CO2 Capture Technologies. Energy Procedia 2014 ;Volum 63. s. 6166-6172 83. Ledesma Rodriguez, Cristian; Yang, Jia; Chen, De; Holmen, Anders. Recent approaches in mechanistic and kinetic studies of catalytic reactions using SSITKA technique. ACS Catalysis 2014 ;Volum 4.(12) s. 4527-4547 84. Lei, Jiaqi; Duan, Xuezhi; Qian, Gang; Zhou, Xinggui; Chen, De. Size effects of Pt nanoparticles supported on carbon nanotubes for selective oxidation of glycerol in a basefree condition. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2014 ;Volum 53.(42) s. 16309-16315 85. Lou, Fengliu; Zhou, Haitao; Tran, Trung Dung; Buan, Marthe Emelie Melandsø; VullumBruer, Fride; Rønning, Magnus; Walmsley, John; Chen, De. Coaxial carbon/metal oxide/aligned carbon nanotube arrays as high-performance anodes for lithium ion batteries. ChemSusChem 2014 ;Volum 7.(5) s. 13351346 86. Mahmoodinia, Mehdi; Ebadi, Mahsa; Åstrand, Per-Olof; Chen, De; Cheng, Hong-ye; Zhu, Yi-An. Structural and electronic properties of the Ptn–PAH complex (n = 1, 2) from density functional calculations. Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP 2014 ;Volum 16.(34) s. 18586-18595 87. Momtazi, Leva; Bagheri Fam, Shahla; Singh, Gurvinder; Hofgaard, Antje; Hakkarainen, Minna; Glomm, Wilhelm; Roos, Norbert; Mælandsmo, Gunhild; Griffiths, Gareth Wyn; Nyström, Bo. Synthesis, characterization, and cellular uptake of magnetic nanocarriers for cancer drug delivery. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 2014 ;Volum 433. s. 7685 88. Montebelli, A; Visconti, CG; Groppi, G; Tronconi, E; Kohler, S; Venvik, Hilde Johnsen; Myrstad, Rune. Washcoating and chemical testing of a commercial Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst for the methanol synthesis over copper open-cell foams. Applied Catalysis A : General 2014 ;Volum 481. s. 96-103 89. Monteiro, Juliana Garcia Moretz-Sohn; Hussain, Saddam; Majeed, Hammad; Mba, Emmanuel; Hartono, Ardi; Knuutila, Hanna; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Kinetics of CO2 Absorption by Aqueous 3(methylamino)propylamine Solutions: Experimental Results and Modeling. AIChE Journal 2014

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90. Nabil, M; Narasimhan, Sridharakumar; Skogestad, Sigurd. Profitable and dynamically feasible operating point selection for constrained processes. Journal of Process Control 2014 ;Volum 24.(5) s. 531-541 91. Nafisi, Vajiheh; Hagg, May-Britt. Development of dual layer of ZIF-8/PEBAX-2533 mixed matrix membrane for CO2 capture. Journal of Membrane Science 2014 ;Volum 459. s. 244-255 92. Nafisi, Vajiheh; Hagg, May-Britt. Development of nanocomposite membranes containing modified Si nanoparticles in PEBAX-2533 as a block copolymer and 6FDADurene diamine as a glassy polymer. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces 2014 ;Volum 6.(18) s. 15643-15652 93. Nafisi, Vajiheh; Hagg, May-Britt. Gas separation properties of ZIF-8/6FDA-durene diamine mixed matrix membrane. Separation and Purification Technology 2014 ;Volum 128. s. 31-38

100. Nourani, Meysam; Tichelkamp, Thomas; Gawel, Bartlomiej; Øye, Gisle. Method for Determining the Amount of Crude Oil Desorbed from Silica and Aluminosilica Surfaces upon Exposure to Combined Low-Salinity Water and Surfactant Solutions. Energy & Fuels 2014 ;Volum 28. s. 1884-1889 101. Oliveira, MB; Prado, AHD; Bernegossi, J; Sato, CS; Brunetti, IL; Scarpa, MV; Leonardi, GR; Friberg, Stig E.; Chorilli, M. Topical application of retinyl palmitate-loaded nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems for the treatment of skin aging. BioMed Research International 2014 ;Volum 2014. 102. Panditha Vidana, Daham Sanjaya Gunawardana; Nguyen, Thoa Thi Minh; Walmsley, John; Venvik, Hilde Johnsen. Initiation of Metal Dusting Corrosion in Conversion of Natural Gas to Syngas Studied under Industrially Relevant Conditions. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2014 ;Volum 53.(5) s. 1794-1803

94. Narvestad, Hanne; Gregersen, Øyvind Weiby; Kure, Kjell-Arve. Variation in surface potential decay characteristics of super-calendered papers. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 2014 ;Volum 29.(3) s. 499-509

103. Paso, Kristofer Gunnar. Comprehensive Treatise on Shut-in and Restart of Waxy Oil Pipelines. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 2014 ;Volum 35.(8) s. 1060-1085

95. Narvestad, Hanne; Gregersen, Øyvind Weiby; Stenius, Per Johan; Kure, Kjell-Arve. Variables that affect surface potential decay of supercalendered paper. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 2014 ;Volum 29.(3) s. 484-498

104. Paso, Kristofer Gunnar; Kruckert, KK; Oschmann, Hans-Jørg; Ali, Hassan; Sjøblom, Johan. PPD architecture development via polymer-crystal interaction assessment. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 2014 ;Volum 115. s. 38-49

96. Nenningsland, Andreas Lyng; Simon, Sebastien Charles; Sjøblom, Johan. Influence of Interfacial Rheological Properties on Stability of Asphaltene-Stabilized Emulsions. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 2014 ;Volum 35.(2) s. 231-243

105. Patanou, Eleni; Lillebø, Andreas Helland; Yang, Jia; Chen, De; Holmen, Anders; Blekkan, Edd Anders. Microcalorimetric studies on Co–Re/γ-Al2O3 catalysts with Na impurities for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2014 ;Volum 53.(5) s. 1787-1793

97. Nergaard, Margrethe; Beck, Ralf; Seiersten, Marion; Andreassen, Jens-Petter. Scaling of Calcium Carbonate on the Exterior of Heated Surfaces in a Flow-Through Setup. Chemical Engineering & Technology 2014 ;Volum 37.(8) s. 13211328 98. Nguyen, Tuan Anh; Gregersen, Øyvind Weiby; Männle, Ferdinand; Brachet, Philippe. Effects of hydrophobic polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane coating on water vapour barrier and water resistance properties of paperboard. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology 2014 ;Volum 69.(2) s. 237-249 99. Noor, Tayyaba; Gil, MV; Chen, De. Production of fuel-cell grade hydrogen by sorption enhanced water gas shift reaction using Pd/Ni-Co catalysts. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 2014 ;Volum 150-151. s. 585-595

106. Petroudy, Seyed Rahman Djafari; Syverud, Kristin; Chinga-Carrasco, Gary; Ghasemain, Ali; Resalati, Hossein. Effects of bagasse microfibrillated cellulose and cationic polyacrylamide on key properties of bagasse paper. Carbohydrate Polymers 2014 ;Volum 99. s. 311-318 107. Pham, Thanh Hai; Duan, Xuezhi; Qian, Gang; Zhou, Xing-gui; Chen, De. CO Activation Pathways of Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis on χ-Fe5-C2 (510): Direct versus Hydrogen-Assisted CO Dissociaton. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2014 ;Volum 118.(19) s. 10170-10176 108. Pinto, Diego Di Domenico; Brodtkorb, Thea Wilhelmine; Vevelstad, Solrun Johanne; Knuutila, Hanna; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Modeling of oxidative MEA degradation. Energy Procedia 2014 ;Volum 63. s. 940-950

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109. Pinto, Diego Di Domenico; Knuutila, Hanna; Fytianos, Georgios; Haugen, Geir; Mejdell, Thor; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. CO2 post combustion capture with a phase change solvent. Pilot plant campaign. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 2014 ;Volum 31. s. 153-164 110. Pinto, Diego Di Domenico; Monteiro, Juliana Garcia Moretz-Sohn; Johnsen, Birgit; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne; Knuutila, Hanna. Density measurements and modelling of loaded and unloaded aqueous solutions of MDEA (Nmethyldiethanolamine), DMEA (N,Ndimethylethanolamine), DEEA (diethylethanolamine) and MAPA (Nmethyl-1,3-diaminopropane). International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 2014 ;Volum 25. s. 173-185 111. Pinto, Diego Di Domenico; Zaidy, Syed Amjad Hussain; Hartono, Ardi; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Evaluation of a phase change solvent for CO2 capture: Absorption and desorption tests. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 2014 ;Volum 28. s. 318-327 112. Preisig, Heinz A.. A graph approach to representing the pressure distribution in complex plants. Computer-aided chemical engineering 2014 ;Volum 33. s. 865-870 113. Preisig, Heinz A.. CFD-study for the design of injector / conductivity sensor manifold. Computer-aided chemical engineering 2014 ;Volum 33. s. 697-702 114. Preisig, Heinz A.. Visual modelling. Computer-aided chemical engineering 2014 ;Volum 34. s. 729-734 115. Putta, Koteswara Rao; Knuutila, Hanna; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Activity based kinetics and mass transfer of CO2 absorption into MEA using penetration theory. Energy Procedia 2014 ;Volum 63. s. 957-975 116. Qi, Yanying; Yang, Jia; Duan, XueZhi; Zhu, Yi'an; Chen, De; Holmen, Anders. Discrimination of the mechanism of CH4 formation in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis on Co catalysts: a combined approach of DFT, kinetic isotope effects and kinetic analysis. Catalysis science & technology 2014 ;Volum 4.(10) s. 3534-3543 117. Razi, Neda; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne; Bolland, Olav. Assessment of mass transfer correlations in rate-based modeling of a large-scale CO2 capture with MEA. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 2014 ;Volum 26. s. 93-108

118. Razi, Neda; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne; Bolland, Olav. Simulation of Post-combustion CO2 Capture System Using New Effective Interfacial Area Correlation. Energy Procedia 2014 ;Volum 51. s. 169-175 119. Riccardi, Enrico; Kovalchuk, Karina; Mehandzhiyski, Aleksandar Yordanov; Grimes, Brian Arthur. Structure and Orientation of Tetracarboxylic Acids at Oil-Water Interfaces. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 2014 ;Volum 35.(7) s. 1018-1030 120. Riccardi, Enrico; Wang, JC; Liapis, AI. Modeling the construction of polymeric adsorbent media: Effects of counter-ions on ligand immobilization and pore structure. Journal of Chemical Physics 2014 ;Volum 140.(8) 121. Rodionova, Galina; Kelesoglu, Serkan; Sjøblom, Johan. AC field induced destabilization of water-in-oil emulsions based on North Sea acidic crude oil. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 2014 ;Volum 448.(1) s. 60-66 122. Rodionova, Galina; Pettersen, Bjørnar; Kelesoglu, Serkan; Sjøblom, Johan. Preparation and characterization of reference fluid mimicking behavior of North Sea heavy crude oil. Fuel 2014 ;Volum 135. s. 308-314 123. Rokstad, Odd A.; Lindvåg, Odd Asbjørn; Holmen, Anders. Acetylene pyrolysis in tubular reactor. International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 2014 ;Volum 46.(2) s. 104115 124. Rout, Kumar Ranjan; Fermoso, Javier; Chen, De; Jakobsen, Hugo Atle. Kinetic rate of CO2 uptake of a synthetic Ca-based sorbent: Experimental data and numerical simulaitons. Fuel 2014 ;Volum 120. s. 53-65 125. Sakka, Tetsuo; Kozawa, Daichi; Tsuchiya, Kiyoto; Sugiman, N; Øye, Gisle; Fukami, Kazuhiro; Nishi, N; Ogata, Yukio H.. Two-dimensional array of particles originating from dipole-dipole interaction as evidenced by potential curve measurements at vertical oil/water interfaces. Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP 2014 ;Volum 16.(32) s. 16976-16984 126. Sanchez, Rafael Antonio; Jakobsen, Hugo Atle. Modeling and simulation of circulating fluidized bed reactors applied to a carbonation/calcination loop. Particuology 2014 ;Volum 15. s. 116-128

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136. Skjæraasen, Olaf; Oschmann, Hans-Jørg; Paso, Kristofer Gunnar; Sjøblom, Johan. Accurate Assessment of Pipeline Restart Behavior at Subsea Conditions for a Highly Waxy Crude Oil Employing Advanced Computational Pressure Wave Modeling. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2014 s. 4429–4440

128. Sandnes, Runar; Simon, Sebastien Charles; Sjøblom, Johan; Sørland, Geir Humborstad. Optimization and validation of low field nuclear magnetic resonance sequences to determine low water contents and water profiles in W/O emulsions. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 2014 ;Volum 441. s. 441-448

137. Skog, Tom-Gøran; Johansen, Stine; Hagg, May-Britt. Method to prepare lab-sized hollow fiber modules for gas separation testing. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2014 ;Volum 53.(23) s. 9841-9848

129. Setekleiv, Alf Eddie; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Comparison of piezo electric particle monitor with laser diffraction technique. Measurement 2014 ;Volum 55. s. 133-141 130. Setekleiv, Alf Eddie; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Scrubber characterization and performance using hydrocarbons at elevated pressures. Fuel 2014 ;Volum 120. s. 98-115 131. Shan, Yuling; Sui, Zhijun; Zhu, Yian; Chen, De; Zhou, Xing-gui. Effect of steam addition on the structure and activity of Ph-Sn catalysts in propane dehydrogenation. Chemical Engineering Journal 2014 132. Singh, Gurvinder; Kumar, Puri Anil; Lundgren, Christopher; Van Helvoort, Antonius; Mathieu, Roland; Wahlström, Erik; Glomm, Wilhelm. Tunability in Crystallinity and Magnetic Properties of Core–Shell Fe Nanoparticles. Particle & particle systems characterization 2014 ;Volum 31. s. 1054-1059 133. Singh, Gurvinder; Van Helvoort, Antonius; Bandyopadhyay, Sulalit; Volden, Sondre; Andreassen, Jens-Petter; Glomm, Wilhelm. Synthesis of Au nanowires with controlled morphological and structural characteristics. Applied Surface Science 2014 ;Volum 311. s. 780-788 134. Sjøblom, Johan; Simon, Sebastien Charles; Xu, Zhenghe. The chemistry of tetrameric acids in petroleum. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 2014 ;Volum 205. s. 319-338 135. Skartlien, Roar; Hu, Bin; Palmer, Teresa; Staff, Gunnar Andreas; Sollum, Espen. A statistical model for the average volume fraction profile through the mixing zone in turbulent stratified gas-liquid flow. International Journal of Multiphase Flow 2014 ;Volum 59. s. 160-172

138. Skogestad, Sigurd; Mhaskar, P. Introduction to the special issue on energy efficient buildings. Journal of Process Control 2014 ;Volum 24.(6) s. 701-702 139. Solsvik, Jannike; Becker, Per Julian; SheibatOthman, Nida; Jakobsen, Hugo Atle. On the solution of the dynamic populaton balance model describind emulsificaton: Evaluation and weghted residual methods. Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 2014 ;Volum 92.(2) s. 250-265 140. Solsvik, Jannike; Becker, Per Julian; SheibatOthman, Nida; Jakobsen, Hugo Atle. Population Balance Model: Breakage Kernel Parameter Estimation to Emulsification Data. Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 2014 ;Volum 92.(6) s. 1082-1099 141. Solsvik, Jannike; Borka, Zsolt; Becker, Julian; Sheibat-Othman, Nida; Jakobsen, Hugo Atle. Evaluation of breakage kernels for liquid-liquid systems: Solution of the population balance equation by the leastsquares method. Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 2014 ;Volum 92.(2) s. 234-249 142. Solsvik, Jannike; Chao, Zhongxi; Jakobsen, Hugo Atle. Numerical Evaluation of a One-Dimensional Two-Fluid Model. Applied to Gas-Solid Cold-Flows in Fluidised Beds. Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 2014 ;Volum 92.(3) s. 401-420 143. Solsvik, Jannike; Chao, Zhongxi; Sanchez, Rafael Antonio; Jakobsen, Hugo Atle. Numerical investigation of steam methane reforming with CO2-capture in bubbling fluidized bed reactors. Fuel processing technology 2014 ;Volum 125. s. 290300 144. Solsvik, Jannike; Jakobsen, Hugo Atle. A Combined Multifluid-Population Balance Model Applied to Dispersed Gas-Liquid Flows. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 2014 ;Volum 35.(11) s. 1611-1625 145. Solsvik, Jannike; Jakobsen, Hugo Atle. Bubble Coalescence Modeling in the Population Balance Framework. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 2014 ;Volum 35.(11) s. 1626-1642

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151. Teklebrhan, Robert B.; Ge, Lingling; Bhattacharjee, Subir; Xu, Zhenghe; Sjøblom, Johan. Initial partition and aggregation of uncharged polyaromatic molecules at the oil-water interface: a molecular dynamics simulation study. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2014 ;Volum 118.(4) s. 1040-1051

159. Voss, Georg; Chavez Panduro, Elvia A; Midttveit, Anette; Fløystad, Jostein Bø; Høydalsvik, Kristin; Gibaud, Alain; Breiby, Dag Werner; Rønning, Magnus. Mesostructured alumina as powders and thin films. Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2014 ;Volum 2.(25) s. 9727-9735

152. Tichelkamp, Thomas; Vu, Yen; Nourani, Meysam; Øye, Gisle. Interfacial tension between low salinity solutions of sulfonate surfactants and crude and model oils. Energy & Fuels 2014 ;Volum 28.(4) s. 2408-2414

160. Wang, Jianfeng; Wang, Yuefa; Jakobsen, Hugo Atle. The modeling of circulating fluidized bed reactors for SE-SMR process and sorbent regeneration. Chemical Engineering Science 2014 ;Volum 108. s. 57-65

153. Tronstad, Ingvild; Blekkan, Edd Anders; Ese, Marit-Helen. A study of the effect of copper and additives in hydrocarbon and ester based insulating liquids with isothermal microcalorimetry. IEEE transactions on dielectrics and electrical insulation 2014 ;Volum 21.(3) s. 1079-1088

161. Wang, Lijuan; Andreassen, Jens-Petter. Spherulitic Growth of Gold Particles Precipitated from Aqueous Solution. Chemical Engineering & Technology 2014 ;Volum 37.(8) s. 1399-1407

154. Tsakoumis, Nikolaos; Dehghan-Niri, Roya; Rønning, Magnus; Walmsley, John; Borg, Øyvind; Rytter, Erling; Holmen, Anders. X-ray absorption, X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy study of spent cobalt based catalyst in semicommercial scale Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Applied Catalysis A : General 2014 ;Volum 479. s. 59-69

162. Xu, Z; Wang, S; Qi, G; Trollebø, Anastasia Alexandrovna; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne; Chen, C. Vapor liquid equilibria and heat of absorption of CO2 in aqueous 2-(diethylamino)-ethanol International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 2014 ;Volum 29. s. 92-103 163. Yang, Jia; Eiras, Sara Boullosa; Myrstad, Rune; Pfeifer, Peter; Venvik, Hilde Johnsen; Holmen, Anders. Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis over High-Loading COBased Catalysts in a Microreactor. Preprints of PapersAmerican Chemical Society, Division of Fuel Chemistry 2014 ;Volum 59.(2) s. 828-830

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164. Yang, Jia; Jacobs, Gary; Jermwongratanachai, Thani; Rao Pendyala, Venkat Ramana; Ma, Wenping; Chen, De; Holmen, Anders; Davis, Burtron H.. Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis: Impact of H2 or CO Activation on Methane Selectivity. Catalysis Letters 2014 ;Volum 144.(1) s. 123-132 165. Yang, Jia; Ma, Wenping; Chen, De; Holmen, Anders; Davis, Burtron H.. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis: A review of the effect of CO conversion on methane selectivity. Applied Catalysis A : General 2014 ;Volum 470. s. 250-260 166. Yang, Jia; Shafer, Wilson D.; Rao Pendyala, Venkat Ramana; Jacobs, Gary; Chen, De; Holmen, Anders; Davis, Burtron H.. Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis: Using Deuterium as a Tool to Investigate Primary product Distribution. Catalysis Letters 2014 ;Volum 144.(3) s. 524-530 167. Yang, Jia; Shafer, Wilson D.; Rao Pendyala, Venkat Ramana; Jacobs, Gary; Ma, Wenping; Chen, De; Holmen, Anders; Davis, Burtron H.. Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis: Deuterium Kinetic Isotopic Effect for a 2.5 % RuNaY Catalyst. Topics in catalysis 2014 ;Volum 57. s. 508-517 168. Yang, Ming-Lei; Zhu, Jun; Zhu, Yi-An; Sui, Zhi-Jun; Yu, Ying-Da; Zhou, Xing-Gui; Chen, De. Tuning selectivity and stability in propane dehydrogenation by shaping Pt particles: A combined experimental and DFT study. Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical 2014 ;Volum 395. s. 329-336

BOOKS Jakobsen, Hugo Atle. Chemical Reactor Modeling: Multiphase Reactive Flows. Volum 1 and 2. Springer 2014 (ISBN 978-3-319-050911) 1535 s. CHAPTERS IN BOOKS 1. Garcia-Bordeje, Enrique; Pereira, Manuel Fernando R.; Rønning, Magnus; Chen, De. Novel carbon materials modified with heteroatoms as metal-free catalyst and metal catalyst support. I: Catalysis. RSC Publishing 2014 ISBN 978-1-84973918-4. s. 72-108 2. Sjøblom, Johan; Simon, Sebastien Charles. Oil Films: Some Basic Concepts. I: Oil Spill Remediation: Colloid Chemistry-Based Principles and Solution. John Wiley & Sons 2014 ISBN 9781118206706. s. 127-160

169. Yaseneva, P; Marti, CF; Palomares, E; Fan, X; Morgan, T; Perez, Pablo Saz; Rønning, Magnus; Huang, Fan; Yuranova, T; Kiwi-Minsker, Lioubov; Derrouiche, S; Lapkin, AA. Efficient reduction of bromates using carbon nanofibre supported catalysts: Experimental and a comparative life cycle assessment study. Chemical Engineering Journal 2014 ;Volum 248. s. 230-241 170. Zarebska, A; Romero Nieto, Daniel; Christensen, K; Norddahl, B. Ammonia recovery from agricultural wastes by membrane distillation: Fouling characterization and mechanism. Water Research 2014 ;Volum 56. s. 1-10 171. Zhang, Xiangping; Singh, Bhawna; He, Xuezhong; Gundersen, Truls; Deng, Liyuan; Zhang, Suojiang. Post-combustion carbon capture technologies: Energetic analysis and life cycle assessment. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 2014 ;Volum 27. s. 289-298 172. Zhao, Yansong; Paso, Kristofer Gunnar; Sariman, Mior Zaiga B.; Sjøblom, Johan. Strain Dependent Rheological Model and Pressure Wave Prediction for Shut in and Restart of Waxy Oil Pipelines. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 2014 ;Volum 35.(7) s. 960-969 173. Zhao, Yansong; Paso, Kristofer Gunnar; Sjøblom, Johan. Thermal behavior and solid fraction dependent gel strength model of waxy oils. Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry (Print) 2014 ;Volum 117.(1) s. 403-411 174. Zhao, Yansong; Paso, Kristofer Gunnar; Zhang, Xiangping; Sjøblom, Johan. Utilizing ionic liquids as additives for oil property modulation. RSC Advances 2014 ;Volum 4.(13) s. 64636470

3. Sui, Zhi-Jun; Zhu, Yi-An; Li, Ping; Zhou, Xinggui; Chen, De. Kinetics of Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Propane over Pt-Based Catalysts. I: Advances in Chemical Engineering - Molecular Level Consideration, Volume 44. Elsevier 2014 ISBN 978-0-12-419974-3. s. 61-125

JOURNALS Johan Sjöblom, Editor-in-Chief: Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, Volume 34. New York: Taylor & Francis Books 2014. 12 issues in 2014

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CONFERENCE CONTRIBUTIONS 1. Solsvik, Jannike; Chao, Zhongxi; Sanchez, Rafael Antonio; Jakobsen, Hugo Atle. The sorption-enhanced steam methane reforming process operated in fluidized bed reactors: A one dimensional two-fluid model. 3rd Trondheim Gas Technology Conference; 2014-06-04 - 2014-06-05

10. Borg, Anne; Fernandes, Vasco Rafael P; Farstad, Mari Helene; Knudsen, Jan; Gustafson, Johan; Lundgren, Edvin; Venvik, Hilde Johnsen. Near-Ambient Pressure XPS study of CO and H2 Oxidation over Pd model surfaces. 16th Nordic Symposium on Catalysis; 2014-06-15 - 2014-06-17

2. Alsberg, Bjørn Kåre; Venkatraman, Vishwesh; Gupta, Mayuri; Foscato, Marco; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne; Jensen, Vidar Remi. Evolutionary de novo design of absorbents for CO2 capture. Swedish Theoretical Chemistry Meeting 2014; 2014-10-27 - 2014-10-29

11. Buan, Marthe Emelie Melandsø. Nitrogen-doped Carbon Nanomaterials as Catalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction. NORDFORSK meeting; 2014-06-02 - 2014-06-03

3. Andreassen, Jens-Petter. Aggregation or crystal growth? A comparison of calcium carbonate and barium sulphate precipitation. BACG 2014: Annual Conference of the British Association for Crystal Growth; 2014-07-13 - 2014-07-15 4. Arnfinnsdottir, Nina Bjørk; Ottesen, Vegar; Lale, Rahmi; Sletmoen, Marit. Bacterial microarrays obtained by spontaneous adhesion of single bacteria on predefined spots on chemically patterned surfaces. 2014 MRS Fall Meeting & Exhibit; 2014-11-30 - 2014-12-05 5. Baghirov, Habib; Bandyopadhyay, Sulalit; Glomm, Wilhelm; Davies, Catharina De Lange. Ultrasound-assisted transport of nanoparticles across the blood-brain barrier and nanoparticle-mediated silencing of efflux transporters. National Biophysics Conference; 2014-03-06 - 2014-03-07 6. Baghirov, Habib; Bandyopadhyay, Sulalit; Mørch, Ýrr Asbjørg; Glomm, Wilhelm; Davies, Catharina De Lange. Nanoparticle uptake and nanoparticle-mediated silencing of efflux transporters in the blood brain barrier. National PhD conference in medical imaging.; 2014-06-17 2014-06-18 7. Bandyopadhyay, Sulalit. Targeting Drugs. Forsker Grand Prix 2014, Trondheim; 2014-09-25 - 2014-09-25 8. Bandyopadhyay, Sulalit; Andersen, Marte Kee; Glomm, Wilhelm. Nanogels in targeted drug delivery and hyperthermia treatment. NanoLab 10 Year Anniversary; 2014-11-10 2014-11-11 9. Bjørnøy, Sindre Hove; Bassett, David; Ucar, Seniz; Andreassen, Jens-Petter; Strand, Berit Løkensgard; Sikorski, Pawel. An investigation of acidic calcium phosphates in mineralised alginate hydrogels. Scandinavian Society for Biomaterials, 7th annual meeting;; 2014-03-24 - 201403-28

12. Ciftja, Arlinda Fejzo; Hartono, Ardi; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Carbamate stability measurements in amine(CO2/water systems with NMR. Greenhouse Gas Technologies Conference (GHGT) 12; 2014-10-05 - 2014-10-09 13. Dadgar, Farbod; Myrstad, Rune; Holmen, Anders; Venvik, Hilde Johnsen. Catalyst Deactivation during One-step Dimethyl Ether Synthesis from Synthesis Gas. ISCRE 23 & APCRE 7; 2014-09-07 - 2014-09-10 14. Dadgar, Farbod; Myrstad, Rune; Holmen, Anders; Venvik, Hilde Johnsen. Deactivation of H-ZSM-5 during Methanol Dehydration to Dimethyl Ether. NSC2014 - 16th Nordic Symposium on Catalysis; 2014-06-15 - 2014-06-17 15. Dai, Zhongde; Deng, Liyuan; Bai, Lu; Li, Jun; Usman, Muhammad. Development of membrane contactor using ionic liquids for pre-combustion CO2 capture. CLIMIT PhD seminar; 2014-10-21 - 2014-10-22 16. Dai, Zhongde; Hval, Karoline Nåvik; Deng, Liyuan. Pebax®/TSILs blend composite membrane for CO2 separation. Memfo 20 seminar; 2014-05-20 17. Dai, Zhongde; Usman, Muhammad; Deng, Liyuan. Numerical modeling of membrane contactor for precombustion CO2 capture. ICOM; 2014-07-20 - 2014-0725 18. Deng, Liyuan; Dai, Zhongde; Usman, Muhammad; Li, Jun. Pre-combustion CO2 capture using membrane absorption and ionic liquids-based absorbent. ICOM; 2014-07-20 2014-07-25 19. Denonville, Christelle; Seglem, Karen Nessler; Henriksen, Partow Pakdel; Hagg, May-Britt. Membrane Material Development for a Gas-Liquid Membrane Contactor for Natural Gas Sweetening. TGTC-3; 2014-06-04 - 2014-06-05

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20. Dysthe, Dag Kristian; Hiorth, Aksel; Neuville, Amélie; Vinningland, Jan Ludvig; Jettestuen, Espen; Skartlien, Roar. Reactive flow during water flooding -from pore2core. JCR Symponium; 2014-10-21 - 2014-10-23 21. Enaasen, Nina; Kvamsdal, Hanne Marie; Hillestad, Magne. Dominating Dynamics of a Post-combustion CO2 Capture Plant. The 12th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies, GHGT-12; 2014-10-05 - 2014-10-09 22. Enaasen, Nina; Zangrilli, Luigi; Mangiaracina, Angela; Mejdell, Thor; Kvamsdal, Hanne Marie; Hillestad, Magne. Validation of a Dynamic Model of the Brindisi Pilot Plant. The 12th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies, GHGT-12; 2014-10-05 2014-10-09 23. Farstad, Mari Helene; Ragazzon, Davide; Strømsheim, Marie Døvre; Gustafson, Johan; Sandell, Anders; Borg, Anne. The growth of TiOx on Pd(111) and Pd(100) by Chemical Vapor Deposition. NordForsk meeting; 201406-02 - 2014-06-03 24. Farstad, Mari Helene; Ragazzon, Davide; Strømsheim, Marie Døvre; Gustafson, Johan; Sandell, Anders; Borg, Anne. The growth of TiOx on Pd(111) and Pd(100) by Chemical Vapor Deposition. 27. SYMPOSIUM ON SURFACE SCIENCE 2014; 2014-03-09 - 2014-03-15 25. Glomm, Wilhelm; Bandyopadhyay, Sulalit; McDonagh, Birgitte Hjelmeland; Singh, Gurvinder. Functional Nanomaterials for Theranostic Applications. NanoLab 10 Year Anniversary; 2014-11-10 - 2014-1111 26. Gregersen, Øyvind Weiby. Interaction between nanocellulose and furnish components for paper strength and ductility. Recent advances in cellulose nanotechnology research; 2014-1028 - 2014-10-29 27. Guerrero Heredia, Gabriel; Hagg, May-Britt; Peters, Thijs; Henriksen, Partow Pakdel; Simon, Christian. Novel hybrid membranes for post combustion CO2 capture in power plant and industry (HyMemCOPI). MEMFO 20 years’ Celebration Seminar; 2014-05-19 2014-05-20 28. Guerrero Heredia, Gabriel; Hagg, May-Britt; Peters, Thijs; Simon, Christian. Novel hybrid membranes for post combustion CO2 capture in power plant and industry (HyMemCOPI). CLIMIT & BIGCSS PhD Seminar 2014; 2014-10-20 2014-10-21

29. Gupta, Mayuri; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Theoretical Study of Temperature dependent Enthalphy of Absorption, Heat Capacity, and Entropy changes for Protonation of Amines and Amino acid Solvents. The Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies (GHGT12); 2014-10-05 - 2014-10-09 30. Gupta, Mayuri; Vevelstad, Solrun Johanne; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Mechanisms and Reaction Pathways in MEA Degradation; A Computational Study. The Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies (GHGT12); 2014-10-05 2014-10-09 31. Hagg, May-Britt; Deng, Liyuan. CO2 capture from flue gas – an important factor in combating the climate change. ICOM; 2014-07-20 2014-07-25 32. Halvorsen, Ivar Johan; Dejanovic, Igor; Maråk, Knut Arild; Olujić, Žarko; Skogestad, Sigurd. Dividing wall columns for NGL fractionation. 10th International conference on Symposium Distillation and Absorption; 2014-09-14 - 2014-09-17 33. Hartono, Ardi; Ciftja, Arlinda Fejzo; Bruder, Peter; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Characterization of Amine-impregnated adsorbent for CCS post combustion. The Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies (GHGT12); 2014-10-05 - 2014-10-09 34. Hartono, Ardi; Saeed, Muhammad; Kim, Inna; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Protonation constant (pKa) of MDEA in water as function of temperature and ionic strength. The Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies (GHGT12); 2014-10-05 - 2014-10-09 35. Hartono, Ardi; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. A consistent thermodynamic model for Solid Liquid Equilibrium (SLE) and Vapour Liquid Equilibrium (VLE) in aqueous amine solutions. The Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies (GHGT12); 2014-10-05 36. Haug-Warberg, Tore. Calculation of Normal Shock Waves in Boiling Liquids. UCLA Physics & Astronomy; 2014-02-13 37. He, Xuezhong; Guzman Gutierrez, Maria Teresa; Hagg, May-Britt; Sandru, Marius; Kim, Taek-Joong. Pilot Scale PVAm/PSf Hollow Fibers Modules for CO2 Capture from Flue Gas. memfo; 2014-05-19 - 2014-0520 38. He, Xuezhong; Hagg, May-Britt. Challenges with Polymeric Membranes for CO2 Removal from High Pressure Natural Gas. Japanese – Norwegian Workshop; 2014-08-27 - 2014-08-28

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39. He, Xuezhong; Hagg, May-Britt. CO2 Removal from High Pressure Natural Gas Using a Novel Fixed-site-carrier Membrane. ICOM2014; 201407-20 - 2014-07-25 40. He, Xuezhong; Hagg, May-Britt. CO2 Removal from High Pressure Natural Gas using a Novel Fixed-Site-Carrier Membrane. 3rd Trondheim Gas Technology Conference; 2014-06-04 - 2014-06-05 41. He, Xuezhong; Hagg, May-Britt. Energy Efficient Process for CO2 Capture from Flue Gas with Novel Fixed-site-carrier Membranes. GHGT-12; 2014-10-05 - 2014-10-09 42. He, Xuezhong; Hagg, May-Britt. The Importance of Simulation-Membranes for CO2 capture. Memfo; 2014-05-19 - 2014-05-20 43. Holmen, Anders. Current status for the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Activity, Selectivity and Beactivation. Seminario de Gassquimica; 2014-12-02 - 2014-12-03 44. Holmen, Anders; Enger, Bjørn Christian. Direct methane conversion - Previous work and current state of the art. Seminário Gasquimica; 2014-12-02 2014-12-03 45. Holmen, Anders; Yang, Jia; Eiras, Sara Boullosa; Myrstad, Rune; Pfeifer, Peter; Venvik, Hilde Johnsen. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over high-loading Co-based catalysts in a microreactor. 248th American Chemical Society National Meeting & Exposition; 2014-08-10 2014-08-14 46. Høydalsvik, Kristin; Fløystad, Jostein Bø; Esmaeili, Morteza; Rønning, Magnus; Breiby, Dag Werner. Advanced X-ray techniques for investigating materials on the nanoscale: from silk to catalysts. Invited guest lecture at University of Gothenburg; 2014-02-06 47. Høydalsvik, Kristin; Fløystad, Jostein Bø; Rønning, Magnus; Breiby, Dag Werner. Investigating nanoscale particles and structures using Xrays. Invited guest lecture to Materials & Chemistry; 2014-01-23 48. Jonassen, Øystein; Kim, Inna; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Heat of absorption of carbon dioxide (CO2) into aqueous N-methydiethanolamine (MDEA) and N,Ndimethymonoethanolamine (DMMEA). Greenhouse Gas Technologies Conference (GHGT 12); 2014-10-05 2014-10-09

49. Jonassen, Øystein; Kim, Inna; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. High pressure vapor-liquid equilibrium of alkanolamine, water, carbon dioxide and methane systems: Experimental measurements and modeling with the eNRTL equation. 3rd Trondheim Gas Technology Conference; 2014-06-04 - 2014-06-05 50. Kvamsdal, Hanne Marie; van Os, P.; Pevida, Covadonga; Hagg, May-Britt; Robinson, Laurence; Feron, Paul. HiPerCap: A new FP7 Project for development and assessment of new and emerging post-combustion CO2 capture technologies. 12th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies conference (GHGT-12); 2014-10-05 - 2014-10-09 51. Le, Quang-Khoa; Halvorsen, Ivar Johan; Pajalic, Oleg; Skogestad, Sigurd. Dividing wall columns for heterogeneous azeotropic distillation. 10th International conference on Symposium Distillation and Absorption; 2014-09-14 - 2014-09-17 52. Li, Jun; Deng, Liyuan. Intensification of CO2 sorption in task-specific ionic liquids with polyethylene glycol as co-solvents for membrane absorption process. CHISA; 2014-08-23 2014-08-27 53. Li, Jun; Deng, Liyuan. Intensification of CO2/CH4 separation using task-specific ionic liquids with low vapor pressure co-solvents for natural gas sweetening. 3rd Trondheim Gas Technology Conference TGTC; 2014-06-05 54. Li, Jun; Qi, Z.; Hagg, May-Britt; Deng, Liyuan. Intensification of CO2/CH4 separation using task-specific ionic liquids with low vapor pressure co-solvents for natural gas sweetening. 3rd Trondheim Gas Technology Conference; 2014-06-04 - 2014-06-05 55. Lillebø, Andreas Helland; Enger, Bjørn Christian; Blekkan, Edd Anders; Holmen, Anders. Effect of CO conversion levels on the performance of cobalt Fischer-Tropsch catalysts. 16th Nordic Symposium on Catalysis (NSC2014); 2014-06-15 2014-06-17 56. McDonagh, Birgitte Hjelmeland. Forsker-grand-prix-det-kan-du-vel. NT-fakultetets blogg; 2014-09-29 57. McDonagh, Birgitte Hjelmeland. Functional Nanomaterials for Theranostic Applications. 10th Annual NanoLab symposium; 2014-11-10 58. McDonagh, Birgitte Hjelmeland. Inspirasjonsforedrag for -studenter. Motivator; 2014-1119

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59. McDonagh, Birgitte Hjelmeland. Magnetiske nanopartikler med magiske egenskaper. Forsker Grand Prix; 2014-09-25 60. McDonagh, Birgitte Hjelmeland. Magnetiske Nanopartikler med Magiske Egenskaper Behind the scenes. Motivator Formidling; 2014-11-19 61. McDonagh, Birgitte Hjelmeland. Manganese, MRI and Parkinson's. 10th annual Nanolab symposium; 2014-11-10 62. McDonagh, Birgitte Hjelmeland. Nanoteknologi. Gjestelærere fra arbeidslivet i realfag; 2014-03-20 63. McDonagh, Birgitte Hjelmeland. PdD?. Motivasjonsforedrag for studenter ved IKP; 201411-07 64. Mehandzhiyski, Aleksandar Yordanov; Kovalchuk, Karina; Riccardi, Enrico. Multiscale modeling of interfacial mass transport in liquid-liquid dispersions: application to calcium naphthenate precipitation in petroleum transport processes. Twentieth International Symposium on Surfactants in Solution (SIS 2014); 2014-06-22 - 201406-27 65. Mørch, Ýrr Asbjørg; Eggen, Siv; Åslund, Andreas; Sulheim, Einar; Snipstad, Sofie; Borgos, Sven Even F.; Glomm, Wilhelm; Singh, Gurvinder; Davies, Catharina De Lange; Stenstad, Per Martin; Schmid, Ruth. Optimization and Characterization of PACA Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery and Imaging. 41st Annual Meeting of the Controlled Release Society; 2014-07-12 - 2014-07-16 66. Nourani, Meysam; Tichelkamp, Thomas; Øye, Gisle. An Index for Evaluating the Wettability Alteration of Reservoir Rock toward More Water Wet Condition by Combined Low Salinity Water and Surfactant Flooding. 7th Conference of the International Marangoni Association; 2014-06-23 - 2014-06-26 67. Panditha Vidana, Daham S G; Walmsley, John; Venvik, Hilde Johnsen. An experimental investigation of carbon formation phenomena and initial stage of metal dusting corrosion. NORDFORSK2014; 2014-06-03 68. Panditha Vidana, Daham S G; Walmsley, John; Venvik, Hilde Johnsen. The significance of catalysis to the initiation of metal dusting corrosion. Nordic Sympoisum on Catalysis; 2014-06-15 - 2014-06-17 69. Paso, Kristofer Gunnar; Sjøblom, Johan. Reagents and Technologies for Oil Production Intensification. Flow Assurance Technology Development for Arctic and Deepwater Locales; 201411-19

70. Pinto, Diego Di Domenico; Brodtkorb, Thea Wilhelmine; Vevelstad, Solrun Johanne; Knuutila, Hanna; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Modeling of oxidative MEA degradation. The Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies (GHGT12); 2014-10-05 - 2014-10-09 71. Preisig, Heinz A.. Modena from molecules to foam-based commercial products. EC Industrial Technologies conference 2014; 2014-04-09 - 2014-04-11 72. Preisig, Heinz A.. Multi-scale computational engineering - challenges. Cluster workshop on materials modelling; 2014-09-26 73. Preisig, Heinz A.. Ontology design for physical-chemical systems. Annual AIChE meeting; 2014-11-16 - 2014-11-21 74. Preisig, Heinz A.. Towards a formal description of models and workflows. 1 st International Workshop on Software Solutions for Integrated Computational Materials Engineering; 201406-24 - 2014-06-27 75. Preisig, Heinz A.. 103 Advances in Data Analysis: Theory and Applications. Annual AIChE meeting; 2014-11-16 2014-11-21 76. Putta, Koteswara Rao; Knuutila, Hanna; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Activity based kinetics of CO2 absorption into MEA using penetration theory. The Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies (GHGT12); 2014-10-05 - 2014-10-09 77. Qi, Yanying. Van der Waals corrected DFT studies on a-olefin selectivity in Co-catalyzed Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. 5th Workshop in NordForsk Program; 2014-11-24 2014-11-25 78. Qi, Yanying; Chen, De; Yang, Jia; Holmen, Anders. Mechanism of methane formation in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis on Co catalysts. 16th Nordic symposium on catalysis(NSC2014); 2014-06-15 - 2014-06-17 79. Qi, Yanying; Yang, Jia; Chen, De. Understanding of mechanism of CH4 formation in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis on Co catalyst. NORDFORSK meeting in Tromsø; 2014-06-02 - 201406-03 80. Romar, Henrik; Lillebø, Andreas Helland; Tynjälä, P.; Hu, T.; Holmen, Anders; Blekkan, Edd Anders; Lassi, U.. Supported cobalt catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis using biomass-derived syngas. 16th Nordic Symposium on Catalysis (NSC2014); 2014-06-15 - 2014-06-17

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81. Rønning, Magnus. SNBL: Celebrating 20 Years of User Operation. Nordic X-Ray Science Days; 2014-09-29 - 2014-10-01 82. Saeed, Muhammad; Deng, Liyuan. Mimic enzyme promoted CO2 capture in membrane contactor. Memfo 20 seminar; 2014-05-20 83. Saeed, Muhammad; Maupilier, Anne Marie Dominique Yveline; Deng, Liyuan. Development of highly gas permeable nanocomposite membrane in a membrane contactor for post-combustion CO2 capture. ICOM; 2014-07-20 - 2014-07-25 84. Saeed, Muhammad; Usman, Muhammad; Deng, Liyuan. Modeling & optimizations of CO2 capture by mimic enzyme in a dense membrane contactor at post combustion conditions. ICOM; 2014-07-20 - 2014-07-25 85. Solsvik, Jannike; Gawel, Bartlomiej; Øye, Gisle; Jakobsen, Hugo Atle. Validation of coalescence closures: film drainage time. 3rd Trondheim Gas Technology Conference; 2014-06-04 - 2014-06-05 86. Solsvik, Jannike; Jakobsen, Hugo Atle. A multidimensional combined multifluid-population balance mode for gas-liquid bubble-driven flows. CHISA 2014; 2014-08-23 - 2014-08-27 87. Solsvik, Jannike; Jakobsen, Hugo Atle. A study of breakage by single drop experiments. 10th International Conference on CFD in Oil & Gas Metallurgical and Process Industries; 2014-06-17 - 201406-19 88. Solsvik, Jannike; Jakobsen, Hugo Atle. A study of bubble columns by a combined multifluidpopulation balance model. 3rd Trondheim Gas Technology Conference; 2014-06-04 - 2014-06-05 89. Solsvik, Jannike; Jakobsen, Hugo Atle. Experimental Observation of Single Drop Breakup Phenomena. Proceedings of 13th International Conference on Multiphase Flow in Industrial Plants (MFIP13); 2014-09-17 - 2014-09-19 90. Strømsheim, Marie Døvre. Experimental investigations of Co Fischer-Tropsch synthesis model systems. NORDFORSK meeting; 201406-02 - 2014-06-03 91. Strømsheim, Marie Døvre. Investigations of Co single crystal surfaces and thin films as Fischer-Tropsch model systems. 5th Workshop in NordForsk Program; 2014-11-24 - 2014-11-25 92. Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. State of the art on post combustion capture technologies. 7th Duch CCS Symposium; 2014-06-19 - 2014-06-20

93. Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne; Hoff, Karl Anders. Membrane contactor modelling. UTCC2; 2014-01-29 94. Svenum, Ingeborg-Helene. Alloying Pd with Ag - effect on surface phenomena. 5th Workshop in NordForsk Program; 2014-11-24 - 201411-25 95. Svenum, Ingeborg-Helene. Mn modified Co catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis - An experimental and theoretical study. NORDFORSK meeting; 2014-06-02 96. Svenum, Ingeborg-Helene; Friis, Jesper; Flage-Larsen, Espen; Vatne, Inga Ringdalen; Løvvik, Ole Martin. Ab initio modelling of solute-dislocation interactions. 14th International Conference on Aluminium Alloys; 2014-06-15 - 2014-06-19 97. Syverud, Kristin. Controlling the elastic modulus of cellulose nanofibril hydrogels by crosslinking – a premise for their use in medical applications. the 6th Workshop on Cellulose, Regenerated Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives; 201411-11 - 2014-11-12 98. Syverud, Kristin. Highlights from ten years of nanocellulose research at PFI. Recent advances in cellulose nanotechnology research; 2014-10-28 - 2014-10-29 99. Syverud, Kristin. Nanocellulose – a promising green flooding additive. Society of Petroleum Engineers Workshop: Exploiting Nanotechnology for Efficient Oil and Gas Exploration and Recovery; 2014-06-23 - 2014-06-26 100. Syverud, Kristin; Pettersen, Sigurd Rolland; Draget, Kurt Ingar; Chinga-Carrasco, Gary. Controlling the elastic modulus of nano-engineered hydrogels by crosslinking cellulose nanofibrils. EPNOE 2013: "Polysaccharides and polysaccharide-derived products, from basic science to applications; 2014-10-21 - 2014-10-24 101. Tichelkamp, Thomas; Teigen, Erlend; Nourani, Meysam; Øye, Gisle. Study of the Effect of Ion Composition on Interfacial Tension between Surfactant Solutions and Oil. 16. JCFFrührjahrssymposoium (Vår symposium); 2014-03-26 2014-03-29 102. Trinh, Thuat; Vlugt, Thijs J.H.; Hagg, MayBritt; Bedeaux, Dick; Kjelstrup, Signe. Simulation study of pore size and charge effect to the selectivity of CO2/H2 syngas mixture in a carbon membrane. 3rd Trondheim Gas Technology Conference (TGTC-3), Trondheim, Norge; 2014-06-04 - 2014-06-05

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103. Tsakoumis, Nikolaos; Dehghan, Roya; Voronov, Alexey; Walmsley, John; Borg, Øyvind; Rytter, Erling; Chen, De; Rønning, Magnus; Holmen, Anders. A combined in situ XAS-XRPF-Raman study of FischerTropsch synthesis over a carbon supported cobalt catalyst. 6th International Symposium on Carbon for Catalysis; 2014-06-22 - 2014-06-25 104. Tsakoumis, Nikolaos; Rønning, Magnus; Rytter, Erling; Holmen, Anders. In situ monitoring of cobalt supported catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis under realistic activation, reaction and regeneration conditions. 16th Nordic Symposium on Catalysis (NSC2014); 2014-06-15 2014-06-17 105. Ucar, Seniz; Bjørnøy, Sindre Hove; Bassett, David; Strand, Berit Løkensgard; Sikorski, Pawel; Andreassen, Jens-Petter. Brushite Crystallization in Alginate Beads. ISC Granada 2014; 2014-05-25 - 2014-05-30 106. Usman, Muhammad; Dai, Zhongde; Li, Jun; Hillestad, Magne; Deng, Liyuan. ‘MCIL-CO2 Project’-Novel membrane contactor using ionic liquid for pre-combustion CO2 capture. Memfo 20 seminar; 2014-06-05 107. Usman, Muhammad; Deng, Liyuan. Mass transfer study of gas-liquid Membrane Contactor for CO2 Separation using Ionic Liquids Based Solvent. 3rd Trondheim Gas Technology Conference; 2014-06-04 - 2014-06-05 108. Usman, Muhammad; Hillestad, Magne; Deng, Liyuan. Mass transfer study and optimization of operational parameters in gas-liquid membrane contactor using ionic liquid based absorbent for pre-combustion CO2 capture. CLIMIT PhD Seminar; 2014-10-21 109. Vahid, Sarfaraz; He, Xuezhong; Hagg, MayBritt; Kim, Taek-Joong; Sandru, Marius. Polymeric FSC Membrane for CO2 Capture in Cement Industry. Memfo; 2014-05-19 - 2014-05-20 110. Venvik, Hilde Johnsen. Experimental Investigations of metal dusting corrosion in natural gas conversion. Seminário Gasquimica; 201412-02 - 2014-12-03 111. Venvik, Hilde Johnsen. Investigation of fundamental phenomena affecting the performance of thin Pd-Ag membranes. Joint Workshop on Scale-up of Pd Membrane Technology; 2014-11-20 2014-11-21 112. Venvik, Hilde Johnsen. Microstructured reactors in gas conversion - general properties and applied in the production of syngas, hydrogen, methanol and dimethyl ether. Seminário Gasquimica; 2014-12-02 - 2014-12-03

113. Vik, Camilla Berge. Validation of a Multifluid-Population Balance Model for the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis in a Slurry Bubble Column Reactor at Industrial Conditions. 12th Multiphase Flow Conference & Short Course; 2014-1125 - 2014-11-27 114. Vik, Camilla Berge; Jakobsen, Hugo Atle. A study of mass transfer limitations in Fischer-Tropsch processes. 3rd Trondheim Gas Technology Conference; 2014-06-04 - 2014-06-05 115. Vik, Camilla Berge; Solsvik, Jannike; Chao, Zhongxi; Jakobsen, Hugo Atle. Modeling of a slurry bubble column reactor for the production of biofuels by use of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. CHISA 2014; 2014-08-23 - 2014-08-27 116. Vik, Camilla Berge; Solsvik, Jannike; Jakobsen, Hugo Atle. A combined multifluid-PBE model for a slurry bubble column reactor: Application to the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. 10th International Conference on CFD in Oil & Gas Metallurgical and Process Industries; 2014-06-17 - 2014-06-19 117. Zhu, Jun; Lillebø, Andreas Helland; Zhu, Ye; Yu, Yingda; Holmen, Anders; Chen, De. Compact reactor for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis based on hierarchically structured Co catalysts: towards better stability. 6th International Symposium on Carbon for Catalysis; 2014-06-22 - 2014-06-25 118. Østbye Pedersen, Eirik; Svenum, IngeborgHelene; Blekkan, Edd Anders. Fischer-Tropsch production of light olefins over Co-Mn catalysts - experiments and modelling. 5th Workshop in NordForsk Program; 2014-11-24 - 2014-11-25 119. Østbye Pedersen, Eirik; Svenum, IngeborgHelene; Blekkan, Edd Anders. Fischer-Tropsch production of lower olefins over CoMn/Al2O3 catalysts. 16th Nordic Symposium on Catalysis (NSC2014); 2014-06-15 - 2014-06-17 120. Øye, Gisle; Nourani, Meysam; Farooq, Umer; Tichelkamp, Thomas. Development of a quartz crystal microbalance method to investigate desorption of crude oil components from solid surfaces upon exposure to low-salinity water and Surfactant Solutions. 35th Workshop & Symposium IEA Collaborative Project on EOR; 2014-10-15 - 2014-10-17 121. Åslund, Andreas; Berg, Sigrid; Hak, Sjoerd; Mørch, Ýrr Asbjørg; Sandvig, Axel; Torp, Sverre Helge; Stenstad, Per Martin; Hansen, Rune; Glomm, Wilhelm; Davies, Catharina De Lange. Delivery of multifunctional nanoparticles across the blood-brain barrier. The 2014 Joint National PhD Conference in Medical Imaging and MedViz Conference; 2014-06-17 - 2014-06-18

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Reports 2014 Dagsgård, Camilla Israelsen; Nisja, Trine; Sætran, May Grete; Sørland, Geir Humborstad; Sjøblom, Johan. Filtration of Emulsions Part 1. NTNU, Trondheim: Institutt for kjemisk prosessteknologi 2014 28 s. Neuville, Amélie; Vinningland, Jan Ludvig; Jettestuen, Espen; Skartlien, Roar; Dysthe, Dag Kristian; Hiorth, Aksel.

JCR-7 Symposium 2014 Transaction - Reactive flow during water flooding – from pore2core. : Join Chalk Research 2014 20 s. Roel, Lisbeth H Blekkan; Helmersen, Tom; Blekkan, Edd Anders. Annual Report 2013. NTNU, Trondheim: Department of Chemical Engineering, 2014, 66 s.

Media contributions 1. Fladberg, Even; Skogestad, Sigurd. Kongen av kyber-teknikk. Automatisering - Teknisk ukeblad [Fagblad] 2014-01-05

5. Narvestad, Hanne. Nærmere løsning på papirproblemer. Forskningsrådet [Internett] 2014-06-12

2. Hagg, May-Britt. CO2-fangst med membraner. Teknisk ukeblad [Fagblad] 2014-01-13

6. Oksholen, Tore; Svendsen, Hallvard Fjøsne. Rankes høyt for klimaforskning. Universitetsavisa [Avis] 2014-08-11

3. Hunt, Tine Almås; Alvestad, Per Olav. Sensor som redder liv. Schrødingers katt, NRK [TV] 2014-03-20

7. Samseth, Jon. Samseth: Første norske presidenten i SCOPE. http://khrono.no/ [Internett] 2014-07-09

4. Hunt, Tine Almås; Torheim, Maria Gilje. Ny blodsukkermetode kan redde liv. Gemini [Fagblad] 2014-02-26

Tine Almås Hunt and Sondre Volden attempting to develop new technology to measure glucose levels continuously. Photo: Ole Morten Melgård

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CHAPTER 4: EDUCATION Chemical Engineering The Chemical Engineering specialization starts in the third year with basic technological courses in Separation Technology, Reaction Engineering, Thermodynamics, Process Design, and Process Modelling. In the fourth year the students select further specializations for the remaining of the studies. The students choose between 5 specializations: Catalysis, Colloid and Polymer Chemistry, Environmental Engineering and Reactor Technology, Process Systems Engineering, and Biorefinery and Fibre Technology.

The goal of the education is a Master (MSc) at a high international level in Chemical Engineering. Students with a bachelor degree in a relevant area from universities/colleges can be admitted to the fourth year of the MSc-degree programme (2 year MSc programme). The degree provides the candidates qualifications for jobs in a wide range of industries, as well as the public sector and in research. It is also the basis for admission to PhDstudies in Chemical Engineering.

Master courses given in 2014: Course code Course title Credits Year TKP4100 Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer 7.5 TKP4105 Separation Technology 7.5 TKP4106 Process Modelling 7.5 TKP4110 Chemical Reaction Engineering 7.5 TKP4115 Surface and Colloid Chemistry 7.5 TKP4120 Process Engineering 7.5 TKP4130 Polymer Chemistry 7.5 TKP4135 Chemical Process Dynamics and Optimization 7.5 TKP4140 Process Control 7.5 TKP4145 Reactor Technology 7.5 TKP4150 Petrochemistry and Oil Refining 7.5 TKP4155 Reaction Kinetics and Catalysis 7.5 TKP4160 Transport Phenomena 7.5 TKP4165 Process Design 7.5 TKP4170 Process Design, Project (autumn) 7.5 TKP4171 Process Design, Project (spring) 7.5 TKP4175 Thermodynamic Methods 7.5 TKP4180 Bioenergy and Fiber Technology 7.5 TKP4185 Nuclear Power, Introduction 7.5 TKP4190 Fabrication and Applications of Nanomaterials 7.5 TKP4195 System Modeling and Analysis in Biology 7.5 TKP4510 Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Specialization Project 15 TKP4511 Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Specialization Project 7.5 TKP4515 Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Specialization Course 7.5 TKP4520 Colloid and Polymer Chemistry, Specialization 15 Project TKP4521 Colloid and Polymer Chemistry, Specialization 7,5 Project TKP4525 Colloid and Polymer Chemistry, Specialization 7.5 Course TKP4530 Reactor Technology, Specialization Project 15 TKP4531 Reactor Technology, Specialization Project 7,5 TKP4535 Reactor Technology, Specialization Course 7,5 TKP4550 Process Systems Engineering, Specialization 15 Project TKP4551 Process Systems Engineering, Specialization Project 7.5 TKP4555 Process Systems Engineering, Specialization Course 7.5 TKP4560 Paper and Fibertechnology, Specialization Project 15 TKP4561 Paper and Fibertechnology, Specialization Project 7.5 TKP4565 Paper and Fibertechnology, Specialization Course 7.5 TKP4850 Experts in Team, Biofuels – A good Solution? 7.5 TKP4852 Experts in Team, CO2 Capture 7.5 TKP4900 Chemical Process Technology, Master Thesis 30

2 3 3 3 3 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5

Passed 64 67 31 94 89 155 34 5 54 7 30 58 34 38 38 3 41 4 11 15 5 16 17 9

5

2

5

14

5 5 5 5

10 12 9

5 5 5 5 5 4 4 5

1 9 0 25 22 66

44

Master thesis 2014 total 66 (35 female and 31 male) Abdollahi, Reza Kinetic study of oxychlorination process Supervisor: De Chen Agache, Xavier Synthesis and applications of PANI-Graphene composites Supervisor: De Chen Andersen, Marte Kee Polymeric Hydrogels for Drug Delivery Supervisor: Wilhelm Glomm Annfinsen, Steffen Oxidation of methane on Co based catalysts Supervisor: De Chen Aslankhani Khameneh, Niloofar Ammonia production Supervisor: Magne Hillestad Bahmani, Samira Screening and characterization of new solvent systems Supervisor: Hanna Knuutila Bolstad, Jon Process Intensification of the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Suprvisor: Hilde J. Venvik Bui, Phuong Thu Study of the efficiency of commercial and green/yellow demulsifiers on water removal efficiency Supervisor: Johan Sjöblom Børde, Elisabeth CO2 Capture from Cement Production Supervisor: Magne Hillestad Canelas, Manuel Core-Shell nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicles Supervisor: Wilhelm Glomm Casalegno Garduño, Mario Ernesto Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts for Jet Fuel Production Supevisor: Magnus Rønning Christiansen, Ida Isolation and Characterization of Oil-Soluble Calcium Naphthenates in North Sea Heavy Crude Oil Supervisor: Johan Sjöblom Didriksen, Ingrid Calculation of Parameters in PID Controllers in Multivariable Control Systems Supervisor: Heinz A. Preisig

Espenes, Marius

Modeling and Analysis of a Batch Gravity Separation of an Oil and Water Emulsion Supervisor: Brian A. Grimes Fagerdal, Stine Flow Improvers for Heavy Crude Oil Transport in Pipe Supervisor: Johan Sjöblom Farzad, Reza Modeling of Reaction Calorimeter Supervisor: Hanna Knuutila Gjertsen, Fredrik A Modeling Framework for Control of Smart-Scale Tubular Polymerization Reactors Supervisor: Sigurd Skogestad Hammersland, Kine Energy considerations around an amine CO2 capture plant. Supervisor: Magne Hillestad Hanstad, Lars Emil Simulation of Technology Center Mongstad's amine process and comparison with experimental runs Supervisor: Hallvard F. Svendsen Haugen, Morten Rostad Mapping of Vapor-Liquid Equilbrium Data for: 1,3diaminopropane (1,3-DAP) Supervisor: Hallvard F. Svendsen Haugland, Christer Controllability of a Granulation Process Supervisor: Sigurd Skogestad Heggebø, Ada Cecilie Risk for mould growth in insulation materials Supervisor: Kristin Syverud Heggernes, Tine Bergitte Studying the effect of High pressure processing on Listeria monocytogenes in food and developing a model to suppress its resistance. Supervisor: Nadav Skjøndal-Bar Hov, Ingrid Karlsen Investigation of Adsorption of Surfactants onto Illite and Relations to Enhanced Oil Recovery Methods Supervisor: Gisle Øye Hussain, Aqeel Carbon nanotubes (CNT) for enhanced oil production from shales Supervisor: De Chen Hval, Karoline Nåvik Optimisation of Pebax®/TSIL Blend Thin-Film Composite Membranes for CO2 Separation Supervisor: Liyuan Deng

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Jenssen, Kaia Andersson Doped carbon nanostructures as metal-free catalysts for oxidative dehydrogenation of light alkanes Supervisor: Rønning, Magnus

Marvik, Tor Anders Control Structure Design for Two Distillation Columns in Sequence Supervisor: Sigurd Skogestad

Johannesen, Bengt Arild Microchannel Membrane Reactor for production of pure Hydrogen Supervisor: Hilde J. Venvik

Mathisen, Bjørn Tore Hazard and Operability Study by Utilizing Hybrid Automata Supervisor: Heinz A. Preisig

Johansen, Trine Investigation of Adsorption of Surfactants onto Kaolinite and Relations to Enhanced Oil Recovery Methods Supervisor: Gisle Øye

Melbø, Henrik Kaald A Graphical User Interface for the Computational Fluid Dynamics Software OpenFOAM Supervisor: Heinz A. Preisig

Johnsen, Anja Interfacial Characterisation of Gas-Liquid Interfaces Related to Gas Flotation in Offshore Produced Water Treatment Supervisor: Gisle Øye

Melsæther, Emily Ann Preparation of PVAm/PSf Composite Hollow Fibers for Flue Gas Applications Supervisor: May-Britt Hägg

Karolius, Sigve Symplectic integration of a one-dimensional Hamiltonian system of permanent magnets oscillating in a gravitational field. Supervisor: Tore Haug-Warberg Khanam, Ambari Control strategies for divided wall (Petlyuk) columns Supervisor: Sigurd Skogestad Kuiper, Elizabeth Camilla Investigation into the Performance of Candle Filter Technology for the Separation of Metal Hydroxide Precipitates from an Aqueous Effluent Supervisor: Jens-Petter Andreassen Kure, Milly Hot gas cleaning Supervisor: Edd A. Blekkan

Moen, Kristoffer Modelling and Optimization of a GTL Plant Supervisor: Magne Hillestad Mortensen, Henriette Iselin The Effect of Liquid Exposure on PTMSP/TiO2 Nanocomposite Membranes for Gas-Liquid Membrane Contactors for Removal of CO2 from Natural Gas Supervisor: May-Britt Hägg Nieto-Sandoval Rodriguez, Julia Model catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis Supervisor: De Chen Nordbø, Jørgen Modelling of Gas Entrainment in Slugs through use of Simulations in StarCCM+ and Mechanistic Balance Supervisor: Martin Smedstad Foss

Kvamme, Andre Urke Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane over kanthal supported Pt catalysts Supervisor: Hilde J. Venvik

Nystrand, Sofie Coalescence and Emulsion Stability Studied by Microscopy, Turbiscan and Micromanipulator Techniques for Improved Understanding of Separation in Produced Water Streams Supervisor: Gisle Øye

Le, Quang Khoa Design and simulation of dividing wall column for ternary heterogeneous distillation Supervisor: Sigurd Skogestad

Omdahl, Nina Helene Modeling of a Hydrogen Refueling Station Supervisor: Heinz A. Preisig

Liland, Shirley Elisabeth Model Catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Supervisor: Chen, De

Reyes Lua, Adriana Economic Plantwide Control for a Methanol Plant using Commercial Process Simulation Software Supervisor: Sigurd Skogestad

Lindgren, Camilla Properties and application of PdCu membranes for hydrogen separation. Supervisor: Hilde J. Venvik Mai, Hieu Trung De-Emulsification of Crude Oil Emulsions by Magnetic Surfactants Supervisor: Johan Sjöblom

Risa, Kamilla Opheim Investigation of Fundamental Properties of Catalysts for Direct and Indirect Synthesis of DME Supervisor: Hilde J. Venvik

46

Salmi Stavrum, Malin Kristina Characterization and testing of copper based methanol catalyst Supervisor: Magnus Rønning Sarfaraz, Mohammad Vahid Pilot scale and Labarotoary scale study of Fixed-SiteCarrier Membranes for CO2 Capture in Cement Industry Supervisor: May-Britt Hägg Shepherd, Thomas Vikran Molecular Simulation of Interfacial Forces in Thin Liquid Films Supervisor: Brian A. Grimes, Simonsen, Rannei Solbak Finding Self-optimizing Control Variables Using Process Data Supervisor: Sigurd Skogestad Sivet, Laura Pascale Claire Modeling the Dynamic Evolution of the Drop Size Density Distribution of Emulsions in Turbulent Pipe Flow Supervisor: Brian A. Grimes, Skanke, Even Evju Gas Turbine Air Inlet Cooling Supervisor: Heinz A. Preisig Skogstad, Vegard Optimization of Energy Storage in Buildings Based on Self-optimizing Control Supervisor: Sigurd Skogestad Solvik, Marie Stokke Dynamic Modeling, Optimization and Control of a CO2stripper Supervisor: Sigurd Skogestad 5th year students 2014/2015 Total 52, 22 female and 30 male Alvi, Muhammad Awais Ashfaq Amundsen, Paul Magne Andenes, Sigmund Barsnes, Anne Helene Bernhardsen, Ida Mortensen Bertheussen, Are Bland, Martin Jonathan Dalane, Kristin Ekholdt, Rakel Johanne Elve, Arne Tobias Eraker, Øyvind Juvkam Fenes, Endre Finvold, Adrian Støbakk Forthun, Linn-Therese Melby Haugen, Morten Rostad Haugsten Hansen, Kristian Hemminghytt, Thomas Støme Hole, Nils-Olav Andersen

Svendsen, Elizabeth Martine Graphene Oxide as Reinforcement in Epoxy Based Nanocomposites. Supervisor: Wilhelm Glomm Svoren, Elisabeth Interfacial Characterisation of Gas-Liquid Interfaces Related to Gas Flotation in Offshore Produced Water Treatment Supervisor: Gisle Øye Teigen, Erlend Partitioning of surfactants between the water and oil phases and relations to enhanced oil recovery methods Supervisor: Gisle Øye Tolgensbakken, Eirik Photo Catalysis Supervisor: Magnus Rønning Trondsen, Gaute Tolås Performance Investigation of Membranes Suitable for Osmotic Membrane Pressure Actuators Supervisor: May-Britt Hägg Åbø, Karl Magnus Investigation of the Yara 58-Y1 nitrous oxide decomposition catalyst Supervisor: Magnus Rønning Årrestad, Anne Bjerke Interaction of Shoreline Surfaces and Crude Oil Studied by Quartz Crystal Microbalance and Contact Angle Measurements Supervisor: Gisle Øye

Hwang, Jihye Jakobsen, Angela Jensen, Lise Saue Jenssen, Astri Karin Jernslett, Martin Krokvik, Iris Renate Tøkje Leguizamon, Alexander Leirpoll, Anders Tyseng Linnestad, Kasper Johnsen Matovu, Fahad Morken, Siri Foss Nannestad, Åsne Daling Nisja, Trine Nyeng, Ingrid Olsen, Linn Luneborg Paereli, Sergiu Rennemo, Rune Ronander, Mia Elise Rui, Haakon Marius Vatten Salman, Ata ul Rauf Sonerud, Kjetil Bohman

47

Spinu, Dmitri Storrvik, Hanna Marie Strand, Mikael Straume, Hanne Marie Strømsnes, Lars Moen Sveen, Ruth Elisabeth Sørvik, Linn Cecilie Tyvold, Preben Fürst Verheyleweghen, Adriaen Wigum, Stine Hagen Witzøe, Trine Yeboah, Isaac Zefaniya, Papy 4th year students 2014/2015 Total 54, 26 female and 28 male Apan, Shawn Christopher Arif, Asad Bache, Therese Bakke, Bjørnar Berry, Joshua Bishop, Torstein Alexander Bjørkedal, Ole Håvik Chowdhury, Debasish Emhjellen, Morten Thomas Engh, Mathias Famisa, Rotimi Bayode Fyllingsnes, Regina Lopez Garmann, Ingelin Ge, Wei Hansen, Siri Kildal Hauge, Astri Brugrand Hope, Terje Mongstad Hovd, Benedicte Johansen, Åge Josefsen, Natalie Therese Langfjæran, Sebastian Larsen, Annemari Løberg Lervold, Stine Lid, Mads Alexander Lilleng, Mari Iselin Lingelem, Hans-Ulrik Lundgren, Mathias Kristoffer Lund-Johansen, Ragnhild B. Lædre, Torstein Mekonnen, Abel Melle, Ørjan Nymark Meyer, Marthe Moen, Ann Kathrin Moen, Morten Aulin Mundal, Ingvild Naustdal, Vegard Andreas Nautnes, Ragnhild Nazarpour Alizad, Rasa Neteland, Marte Nielsen, Henriette Nøkleby, Christina Olsen, Arnt Ove Jektvik Ruud, Anniken Amos Sandvik, Helene Mørkkåsa Sharma, Anuvansh Skjervold, Vidar Torarin

Solvoll, Anne Marthe Sørensen, Tor Erik Sørlie, Ingvild Marie Tapio, Lene Katrin Westbye, Alexander Wiker, Ellinor Sofie Smith Yousaf, Bilal Aas, Elin Cecilie Ristorp 3rd year students 2014/2015 Total 27, 11 female and 16 male Betten, Hanne Kalvøy Edvardsen, Johan Christian Erstad, Ramn Gangstad, Sanna Henøen Gjøby, Julie Marie Hambro, Carl Johan Hansen, Stine Hauge, Marta Westad Heuch, Cathrine Ro Hyrve, Signe Marit Høgstad, Jon Iversen, Per Sverre Krog, Halvor Aarnes Kure, Ida Kristina Linga, Åsmund Lund, Marlene Louise Løining, Vilde Stangeland Markussen, Petter B. Moen, Morten Aulin Pettersen, Even Samuelsen, Eirik Skodvin, Daniel Soundaranathan, Mithushan Tofte, Sondre Waage Torp, Eirik Hjalmar Tysseland, Amalie Zahraee, Znar International masterstudents (MSchemeng) autumn 2014, total 9, 1 female and 8 male

Arif, Asad, Pakistan Berry, Joshua, Australia Chowdhury, Debasish, Bangladesh Collis, Jason, Australia Famisa, Rotimi Bayode, Nigeria Ge, Wei, China Mekonnen, Abel, Etiopia Sharma, Anuvansh, India Yousaf, Bilal, Pakistan Two year domestic Mater degree Program autumn 2014, total 11, 6 female and 5 male

Bakke, Bjørnar Hovd, Benedicte Lervold, Stine Lid, Mads Alexander Lundgren, Mathias Kristoffer 48

Moen, Ann Kathrin Naustdal, Vegard Andreas Nautnes, Ragnhild

Nielsen, Henriette Olsen, Arnt Ove Jektvik Solvoll, Anne Marthe

Student mobility 2014 18 exchange students visited our Department (8 females and 10 males) Name Betzenbichler, Franziska Caux, Marine Adelaide Coudrais, Guillaume J. Mouillat, Baptiste Dugard, Alain Patrice Falkenberg, Martin

University/Country Universty of Munich, Germany Claud Bernard University, Lyon, France University of Lorraine, Nancy, France INSA, Lyon, France INSA, Lyon, France Aachen University of Technology, Germany

Ferrer Montanes, Laura M. Galimberti, Marco

University of Saragossa, Spain Polytecnico di Milano University, Italy

Iglesias Golzalez, Hector Lunardon, Adeline Maerten, Sophie

University of Valladolid, Spain University of of Lorraine, France University of Mons-Halnaut, Belgium

Nieto-Sandoval Rodriguez, Julia Parmentier, Tanja Pilar Mores, Monica Riviere, Maxime Jaques Smits, Nick Thombre, Mandar Nitin Vangaever, Stijn

Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain

Group located Catalysis Group Catalysis Group Colloid and Polymer Group Process System Engineering Process System Engineering Environmental and Reactor Technoly Group Colloid and Polymer Group Environmental and Reactor Technoly Group Catalysis Group Colloid and Polymer Group Environmental and Reactor Technoly Group Catalysis Group

Utrecht University, The Netherlands University of Saragossa, Spain University Claude Bernard, Lyon, France Ghent University, Belgium, Belgium Birla Institute of Technology and Science, India Ghent University, Belgium

Catalysis Group Colloid and Polymer Group Catalysis Group Colloid and Polymer Group Process System Engineering Colloid and Polymer Group

15 students from our Department (7 females and 8 male) on exchange in 2014 Name Andenes, Sigmund Bernhardsen, Ida M. Bishop, Torstein A. Bland, Martin Jonathan Emhjellen, Morten T. Lædre, Torstein Lingelem, Hans-Ulrik Melle, Ørjan Nymark Nyeng, Ingrid Sandvik, Helene M. Sørlie, Ingvild Marie Sørvik, Linn Cecilie Tapio, Lene Katrin Tyvold, Preben Fürst Witzøe, Trine

To institution University of California, Santa Barbara, USA University of New South Wales, Australia University of California, Santa Barbara, USA University of California, Santa Barbara, USA University of California, Santa Barbara, USA University of California, Santa Barbara, USA University of New South Wales, Australia University of New South Wales, Australia University of California, Santa Barbara, USA University of California, Santa Barbara, USA University of California, Santa Barbara, USA California State University, USA University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa University of California, Santa Barbara, USA University of California, Santa Barbara, USA

Program Bilateral Bilateral Bilateral Bilateral Bilateral Bilateral Bilateral Bilateral Bilateral Bilateral Bilateral Individ Bilateral Bilateral Bilateral

Period 01.08.13 – 30.06.14 01.08.13 – 30.06.14 29.09.14 – 12.06.15 01.08.13 – 30.06.14 29.09.14 – 12.06.15 29.09.14 – 12.06.15 01.07.14 – 01.06..15 01.07.14 - 01.06.15 01.08.13 – 30.06.14 29.09.14 – 12.06.15 20.08.14 – 20.05.15 01.01.14 – 30.06.14 01.02.14 – 30.06.14 22.09.13 – 13.06.14 06.01.14 - 13.06.14

49

PhD in Chemical Engineering The Department of Chemical Enginerring offers a PhDprogramme, which gives a higher education within the field of Chemical Engineering. The PhD program in Chemical Engineering will provide training in how to generate and publish new knowledge in the field, as well as help strengthen the catidates acdemic horizont in Chemical Engineering.

The PhD proggram in Chemical Engineering are connected to the Departments research groups:  Catalysis  Colloid- and Polymerchemistry  Process- Systems Engineering  Environmental Engineering and Reactor Technology  Biorafinery and Fibre Technology

PhD courses given at Department of Chemical Engineering: Cours code KP8091 KP8100 KP8102 KP8105 KP8106 KP8107 KP8108 KP8110 KP8115 KP8128 KP8129 KP8130 KP8131 KP8132 KP8133 KP8135 KP8136 KP8137 KP8901 KP8902 KP8903 KP8904 KP8905 MN8000

Course title Advanced Chemical Engineering Advanced Process Simulation Lignocellulosic Chemistry Mathematical Modelling and Model Fitting Gas Cleaning with Chemical Solvents Advanced Course in Membrane Separation Process Advanced Thermodynamics: With applications to Phase and Reaction Equilibria Membrane Gas Purification Advanced Process Control Advanced Reactor Modelling Colloid Chemistry for Process Industry Systembiology, Modelling and Analysis Crystallization and Particle Design Applied Heterogeneous Catalysis Characterization of Heterogeneous Catalysts Surface, Colloid and Polymer Chemistry Special Topics Modelling of Catalytic Reactions Design and Preparation of Catalytic Materials Chemical Process System Engieering Reactor Technology Reaction Kinetics and Catalysis Transport Phenomena Surface- and Colloid Chemistry Doing Science: Methods, Ethics and Dissermination

Credits 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 9.0 9.0

Passed 1 1 3 2

Semester Spring 14 Fall 14 Fall 15 Fall 15 Spring 14 Spring 14

9.0 9.0 7.5 12.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5

3 1 1 9 4 5 6 1 2 4

Spring 15 Spring 15 Fall 14 Spring 14 Spring 14 Fall 15 Spring 15 Spring 14 Fall 14 Spring 14 Spring 14 Spring 15 Spring 14 Spring 14 Fall 14 Fall 14 Spring 14 Spring 16

PdD-Thesis 2014 total 19 – 9 female and 10 male Barrabino, Albert. Phase Inversion, Stability and Destabilization of Model and Crude Oil Water-in-Oil Emulsions. Supervisor: Johan Sjöblom

Kovalchuk, Karina. Multiscale Modeling of Interfacial Mass Transport in Liquid-Liquid Dispersions. Supervisor: Brian A. Grimes

Ghadrdan, Maryam. Optimal Operation of Kaibel Columns. Supervisor: Sigurd Skogestad

Kumar, Lalit. Non-Linear Rheology and Direct Numerical Simulation of Pressure Propagation in Gel to Study Transient Flow. Supervisor: Johan Sjöblom

Gondal, Shahla. Carbon dioxide absorption into hydroxide and carbonate systems. Supervisor: Hanna Knuutila Kaombe, Divina Donald. An Experimental Study of the Phase Separation Phenomenonand Dewatering Technique of Pyrolysis Oil. Supervisor: May-Britt Hägg

Lillebø, Andreas Helland. Conversion of biomass derived synthesis gas into liquid fuels via the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process: Effect of alkali and alkaline earth metal impurities and CO conversion levels on cobalt based catalysts. Supervisor: Anders Holmen

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Ma, Xiaoguang. Precipitation in Carbon Dioxide Capture Processes. Supervisor: Jens-Petter Andreassen

Sanchez, Rafael Antonio. Modelling and simulation of reactive gas-solid flows in circulating fluidized bed reactors. Supervisor: Hugo A. Jakobsen

Monteiro, Juliana Garcia Moretz-Sohn. Contributions to kinetics and equilibrium of CO2 absorption into N,N,-diethylethanolamine [DEEA], N-Methyl-1,3-propane-diamine [MAPA]and their bland. Supervisor: Hallvard Svendsen

Skog, Tom-Gøran. Development of Hollow Fiber Membranes and Membrane Modules Suitable for High Pressure Natural Gas Sweetening. Supervisor: May-Britt Hägg

Nafisi, Vajiheh. Development of Mixed Matrix Membranes for Carbon Dioxide Capture. Trondheim: Institutt for kjemisk prosessteknologi, Supervisor: May-Britt Hägg Narvestad, Hanne. The relevance of acidic groups and metal ions in the production and end use of super-calendered [SC] magazine paper. Supervisor: Øyvind W. Gregersen Panditha Vidana, Daham Sanjaya Gunawardana. Carbon formation phenomena and the initial stage of metal dusting corrosion -an experimental investigation. Supervisor: Hilde J. Venvik Pinto, Diego Di Domenico. CO2 capture solvents: modeling and experimental characterization. Supervisor: Hallvard Svendsen

Solsvik, Jannike. Chemical Reactor Investigations: Modeling, Implementation and Simulation. Trondheim: Institutt for kjemisk prosessteknologi, Supervisor: Hugo A. Jakobsen Vicinanza, Nicla. An investigation of fundamental phenomena affecting the performance of sputtered Pd-alloy thin film membranes for hydrogen separation. Supervisor: Hilde J. Venvik Voronov, Alexey. Sensitivity enhancement of X-ray absorption spectoscopy applied to Co-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalysts. Supervisor: Magnus Rønning Voss, Georg. Mesostructured alumina and the state of Ni as promoter for CO Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalysts. Supervisor: Magnus Rønning

Proud new doctors at the Doctoral Awards Ceremony: Daham, Nicla, Vajihe and Xiaoguang

4 PhD exchange students visited our Department in 2014 (2 female and 6 male) Name Pagani, Davide Van Belleghem, Jonas Boksuwan, Sungwan Chatrattanawet, Narissara

University/Country

Group located

Ghent University, Belgium University of Electro-Communication (EC), Tokyo, Japan Chulalongkorn University, Thailand

Catalysis Group Process System Engineering Process System Engineering

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2 PhD students from our Department visited Universities abroad in 2014 Name Broby, Margrethe Dai, Zhongde

University/Country University of Cape town, UCT, South Africa University of Colorado, USA

Period 21.03.2014 – 07.06.2014 01.11.2014 – 31.01.2015

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Seminars, conferences and meetings organized by the Department in 2014 Seminars in Processcontrol

15.05.2014 Krister Forsman, Perstorp Specialty Chemicals/Department of Chemical Engineering Some fundamental issues in CV-MV-pairing

15.10.2014 David Q. Mayne, Imperial College London, UK Tube-based control of constrained nonlinear systems

Seminars in Heterogeneous Catalysis:

Group meetings with seminars 10.01.2014 Ida Hjort, Department of Chemical Engineering Artificial Photosynthesis 07.02.2014 Cristian Ledesma Rodriguez, Department of Chemical Engineering Production of hydrogen by steam reforming of Dimethyl ether using catalytic monoliths. 21.02.2014 Xuezhi Duan, Department of Chemical Engineering Design of Highly-efficient Catalysts for Production of Hydrogen and Propylene Oxide 07.03.2014 Yanying Qi, Department of Chemical Engineering Study of mechanism of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis: combined DFT, KIE and kinetic analysis 21.03.2014 Diego Peña Zapata, Department of Chemical Engineering Carbon species formation in the Cobalt–based FTS catalysts as a function of operating conditions in CSTR.

19.09.2014 Anders Holmen, Department of Chemical Engineering Fischer-Tropsch synthesis on Co-based catalysts in a microreactor 03.10.2014 Robbie Warringham, University of Glasgow, UK Application of inelastic neutron scattering to investigate iron based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts 03.10.2014 Håkon Bergem, SINTEF Materials and Chemistry Biomass to fuels and chemicals @ UW-Madison 17.10.2014 Farbod Dadgar, Department of Chemical Engineering Catalyst deactivation in the direct DME synthesis 31.10.2014 Eirik Østbye Pedersen,Department of Chemical Engineering Fischer-Tropsch production of light olefins over CoMn catalysts

25.04.2015 Haitao Zhou, Department of Chemical Engineering Carbon nanomaterials for Li-ion batteries

14.11.2014 Jonas Van Belleghem, Ghent University, Belgium Microkinetic modeling of SSITKA data measured on Fischer Tropsch Catalysts

16.05.2014 Torbjørn Gjervan, SINTEF Materials and Chemistry Kinetics and Catalysis Department, organization and research activities

28.11.2014 Marie Døvre Strømsheim, Department of Chemical Engineering Investigations of Co single crystal surfaces and thin films

13.06.2014 Xuehang Wang. Department of Chemical Engineering Mesopore-rich activated carbon used in supercapacitor.

12.12.2014 Andrea Cognigni, Department of Chemical Engineering

XAS - A suitable palette of tools to probe Local structure, electronic transition and chemistry evolution of Catalytic System

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Seminars at Ugelstadlaboratory

Seminar connected to JIP 1:2 and JIP 2:4 JIP 1:2 and 2:4 meeting: OsnabrückGermany, 03 05.06.2014. Sponsored by Nalco Champion. JIP asphaltene meetings: Osnabrück, Germany, 04.06.2014 and Pau, France, 25-26.11.2014. Sponsored by Nalco Champion and University of Pau and Pays de l'Adour, respectively. FACE meetings: Trondheim 16-17.06.2014 and London 02-04.11.2014

12.02.2014 Jannike Solsvik, Department of Chemical Engineering Simulation Lab: Least-squares method implementation and solution of differential equations: A step-by-step illustration of the solution strategy using MATLAB"

MEMFO 20 years’Celebration Seminar

19th - 20th May, 2014 at PFI building, Gløshaugen

Professor May-Britt Hägg, Department of Chemical Engineering, NTNU. Memfo Group introduction. Professor William Koros, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA. New Trends in Membranes for Gas Separatons Professor Klaus-Viktor Peinemann, King Abdulla University, Saudi Arabia. Multicomponent polymeric membranes: from multilayer to self-assembled membranes Professor Richard Spontak, North Carolina State University, USA. Exploiting Block Copolymer SelfAssembly for Gas Separation Professor Hilde Venvik, Department of Chemical Engineering, NTNU. Basic phenomena affecting the performance of sputtered Pd alloy thin film membranes for hydrogen separation Dr. Marius Sandru, SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, Trondheim. CO2 capture from flue gas using a FSC-membrane Project Manager Liv-M. H. Bjrke, NORCEM Heidelberg Cement, Brevik, Norway. CO2 capture in cement industry – various technologies. Dr. Muhammad Washim Uddin, Department of Chemical Engineering, NTNU. Challenging issues for membranes in natural gas sweetening Dr. Arne Lindbråthen, MemfoACT, Norway. Upgrading of biogas with membranes Professor Enrico Drioli, Institute on Membrane Tech nology (ITM-CNR), Italy. Membrane Crystallization for metals recovery from waste liquid streams

Dr. Giuseppa Barbieri, Institute on Membrane Tech nology (ITM-CNR, Italy. Membrane reactors for innovative hydrogen steam upgrading. Dr. Maria Teresa G. Gutierrez, Department of Chemical Engineering, NTNU. Innovative use of PROmembranes in oil and gas industry Dr. Martijn Huibers, DNV GL Energy, The Netherlands. Input – output of EU project collaboration – how are we succeeding with membrane technologies ? Professor Richard Noble, Univesity of Boulder, Colorado, USA. Success fro Failure Associate Professor Liyuan Den, Department of Chemical Engineering, NTNU. CO2 membrane absorption using task specific ionic liquid-based absorbents. PhD student Zhongde Dai, Department of Chemical Engineering, NTNU. Pebax®/TSILs blend composite membrane for CO2 separation PhD student Muhammad Saeed, Department of Chemical Enginering, NTNU. Mimic enzyme promoted CO2 capture inmembrane contactor Professor Suzana Numen, King Abdulla University, Saudi Arabia. Functionalized polyazoles for membrane application Dr. Partow Paktel Henriksen, SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, Oslo. Scaling up of Ceramic membranes/ Professor Xiangping Zhang, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing,, China. CC-technologies: Energetic analysis and environmental impact assessment Dr. Xuezhong He, Department of Chemical Engineering, NTNU. The importance of simulations

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CHAPTER 5: ORGANIZATION - ECONOMY Organization (illustration see cover page) The Department Board is the highest decision-making body. The mandate to The Department Board is to make decisions regarding strategy and budget. The Board shall have 2 meetings each year. The Board consists of two external members, a member from the scientific staff, administrative staff, temporary scientific staff (PhD’s, Post Doc’s) and students. The board is elected for 4 years. The Head of Department is the chair of the board. Head of Department is Professor Edd Anders Blekkan, employed in 2013 for a four-year period. Blekkan is the first employed Head of Departement.

The scientific staff is divided in to five research groups. Each research group has a representative in the management team. The management team has also representatives from the PhD’s, the students and technical staff. The management team meets every second week and discusses running matters, and gives advice to the Head of Department. In addition to the scientific staff the department has 22 persons in a technical and administrative staff to support teaching and research of all the research groups.

Administrative responsibilities of faculty Faculty Educational Committee (Department representatives) Faculty Research Committee (Department representatives)

Professor Jens-Petter Andreassen deputy: Professor Hallvard Svendsen Professor Sigurd Skogestad, deputy: Professor Hugo Atle Jakobsen Professor Jens-Petter Andreassen

Study Program Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology (Industriell kjemi og bioteknologi) (Department representatives) Exchange of Norwegian students taking courses abroad (approval of course program), and approval of course program for visiting exchange students. International Master program

Professor Hallvard Svendsen Associate Professor Liyan Deng and Higher Executive Officer Hege Johannessen

Department Economy from the University were about XX million NOK in 2014. These funds are mainly used for salaries to permanent staff, contribution to research projects, equipement and regular operations of the department. In 2014 investments in infrastructure was delayed, and we got a surplus also in 2014.

The department has three main sources of income:   

Regular funds from the University Strategic funding from the University External projects.

In terms of external funds, including contributions from the research Council and industry, the portifolia has dropped some but still is good. The gross regular funds Accounts

2011

More details are shown in Table 1.

2012

2013

2014

Income: University funding Sum income Expenses: Wages Investment Operating expenses NTNU contribution to ext. projects Sum expenses Result

47 179 000 47 179 000

48 860 000 48 860 000

44 742 000 44 742 000

45 326 000 45 326 000

34 116 000

37 649 000

35 672 000

35 808 000

3 112 000

1 536 000

388 000

1 722 000

3 622 000

3 945 000

5 363 000

4 492 000

6 803 000

3 026 000

623 000

2 836 000

47 653 000

46156 000

42 046 000

44 858 000

-474 000

2 704 000

2 696 000

468 000

Table 1. Department’s income from University and spending.

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External funding In addition to the University funding shown in Table 1, the Department has a substantial income from external contributors of approx 69 million NOK. Details are shown in Tables 2 and 3. In 2014 the external contributions flattened and turn a little bit upwards after a decline after the all time high in 2010. I seems that several of the new academic staff also are able to attract projects. At the ende of the year we got 2 SFI (Centres for Research-driven Innovation). Both big projects that will generate much activity to the Departement, and will run for 8 years. The majority of the external funds are spent on salary for PhD candidates and Post Docs. The main contributor to the external research activity is The Norwegian Research Council (NRC). Most of these

projects are at the Department, but the second largest external source is NFR projects where we contribute as a third party (in Table 2 these are one column). The level of funding from commissioned research have been modest the last years. The funding from EU has been in the range 3 – 6 MNOK/year, but in 2014 it had a drop to approx. 1,8 MNOK. Hopefully we will manage to increase the EU-research in the coming years. Many of the projects both for NRC and others are co-founded by public funding and industry funding. The industry partners are from Europe, North and South America and Asia.

Table 2 Sources of external funding

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Table 3 Use of external funds by category Strategic funds from University The third source of income is strategic funding from the University, this is earmarked funds to support teaching, research and academic profile. These funds are mainly used for PhD or Post Doc. Positions and to aquire scientific equipement. But also to support self-financing in external project of strategic interest.

The Department received some new projects in 2014. Mainly funds for investement in new scientific equipement. These new projects was in total over 6 MNOK. The total spending for the segment was approx. 13,1 MNOK in 2014.

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CHAPTER 6: HEALTH, ENVIRONMENT AND SAFETY (HSE) HSE inspection: The annual HSS inspection was carried out as usual. All the laboratories were inspected, with representatives from SINTEF present. Special attention was given to the availability and user friendliness of the safety equipment. A few deviations from good practice was detected, mainly regarding storage of filters and gas masks, otherwise the standards were good. Based on the findings, new routines for the use and storage of filters and gas masks will be prepared. Other areas checked were fume hoods/cupboards and storage cupboards for chemicals, as well as general tidiness. The main impression is that the standard is good, but in some of the laboratories it is challenging to maintain good HSE standards because of the state (age) of the buildings and infrastructure. Gas alarm system: The new gas alarm system in Chem. Bldg. 4 has been approved, following a full- scale test. The test uncovered only minor errors, all main functions (visible and audible alarms, links to fire centrals and the fire brigade) was found to function as designed. Fire safety inspection: The annual fire inspection by the local Fire Inspection has been completed. The main impression was good, but a few issues linked with the buildings will have to be corrected.

Computerised risk assessment: A new, computerized risk assessment system, RiskManager, has been introduced, replacing the previous “paper-based” system. The main experience is that the system works well. The possibility of improving a few minor issues is being discussed with the central HSE-department, who are responsible for the system. HSE training: HSE training is compulsory for everyone working in our laboratories. This consists of a common, general part, as well as a specific part relating to and given by the different research groups. A large number of guest researchers, students, exchange students as well as employees have taken part in these courses, in total approximately 200 persons. Key staff has received training in handling hazardous waste, in the HSE platform, radiation safety and the computerized risk assessment system.   

A few general issues: Each research group has had clean-up days, allowing for laboratory tidying and cleaning, making sure we have presentable and safe laboratories NTNU has a new supplier, leading to a significant reduction in the number of gas cylinders stored on site NTNU has entered into a contract for the service of the gas distribution systems. The first planned revision of the system is in the first half of 2015.

Ida is properly dressed in lab coat and safety glasses

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Awards in 2014

On GHGT-12 conference in Austin Texas October 2014, Professor Hallvard Svendsen got the prestigious award "Greenman Award" for his work with CO2 capture.

28th of Nnovember dr. Jannike Solsvik got the price for the best PhD-thesis (fundamental research) at NTNU in 2014, for her thesis entitled “Chemical Reactor Investigations. Modeling, Implementation and Simulation” from communication director Aksel Asp in ExxonMobil Exploration and Prodcution Norway. Dr. Bruhtesfa Godana from Department of electronics and telecommunications got the price for applied research.

Professor Sigurd Skogestad receives IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Fellowship Award from President Ian Craig 28th of August 2014 in Cape Town.

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CONTACT Visiting address: Sem Sælandsveien 4 Postal Address: Department of Chemical Engineering, NTNU, 7491 Trondheim E-mail: [email protected] Tel: +47 73 59 40 30 Fax: +47 73 59 40 80

http://www.ntnu.edu/chemeng