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Compound Summary for CID 31272
Butyl Acetate STRUCTURE
VENDORS
PHARMACOLOGY
Cite this Record
LITERATURE
PATENTS
BIOACTIVITIES
PubChem CID:
31272
Chemical Names:
Butyl acetate; N-BUTYL ACETATE; 123-86-4; Acetic acid, butyl ester; 1-Butyl acetate; Butyl ethanoate More...
Molecular Formula:
C6 H12 O2 or CH3 COO(CH2 )3 CH3
Molecular Weight:
116.16 g/mol
InChI Key:
DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Substance Registry: Safety Summary:
FDA UNII Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary (LCSS)
n-Butyl acetate is a flavouring ingredient used in apple flavours. n-Butyl acetate, also known as butyl ethanoate, is an organic compound commonly used as a solvent in the production of lacquers and other products. It is also used as a synthetic fruit flavoring in foods such as candy, ice cream, cheeses, and baked goods. Butyl acetate is found in many types of fruit, where along with other chemicals it imparts characteristic flavors. Apples, especially of the Red Delicious variety, are flavored in part by this chemical. It is a colourless flammable liquid with a sweet smell of banana Metabolite Description from Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) BUTYL ACETATE is a clear colorless liquid with a fruity odor. Flash point 72 - 88°F. Density 7.4 lb / gal (less than water). Hence floats on water. Vapors heavier than air. Physical Description from CAMEO Chemicals
PUBCHEM
COMPOUND
BUTYL ACETATE
Modify Date: 2018-03-31; Create Date: 2005-03-26
Contents 1 2D Structure 2 3D Conformer 3 Names and Identifiers 4 Chemical and Physical Properties 5 Related Records 6 Chemical Vendors 7 Food Additives and Ingredients 8 Pharmacology and Biochemistry 9 Use and Manufacturing 10 Identification 11 Safety and Hazards 12 Toxicity 13 Literature 14 Patents 15 Biomolecular Interactions and Pathways 16 Biological Test Results 17 Classification 18 Information Sources
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3 Names and Identifiers 3.1 Computed Descriptors 3.1.1 IUPAC Name butyl acetate from PubChem
3.1.2 InChI InChI=1S/C6H12O2/c1-3-4-5-8-6(2)7/h3-5H2,1-2H3 from PubChem
3.1.3 InChI Key DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N from PubChem
3.1.4 Canonical SMILES CCCCOC(=O)C from PubChem
3.2 Molecular Formula C6 H12 O2 from ILO-ICSC, OSHA Occupational Chemical DB, PubChem CH3 COO(CH2 )3 CH3 from ILO-ICSC
3.3 Other Identifiers 3.3.1 CAS 123-86-4 from CAMEO Chemicals, ChemIDplus, DTP/NCI, EPA Chemicals under the TSCA, EPA DSStox, European Chemicals Agency - ECHA, Human Metabolome Database (HMDB), ILO-…
3.3.2 EC Number 204-658-1 from European Chemicals Agency - ECHA
3.3.3 FEMA Number 2174 from Flavor & Extract Manufacturers Association - FEMA
3.3.4 ICSC Number 0399 from ILO-ICSC
3.3.5 NSC Number 9298 from DTP/NCI
3.3.6 RTECS Number AF7350000 from ILO-ICSC, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
3.3.7 UN Number 1123 from CAMEO Chemicals, ILO-ICSC, NJDOH RTK Hazardous Substance List, OSHA Occupational Chemical DB
3.3.8 UNII 464P5N1905 from FDA/SPL Indexing Data
3.3.9 Wikipedia Title
butyl acetate
Description
chemical compound from Wikipedia
3.4 Synonyms 3.4.1 MeSH Entry Terms 1. acetic acid butyl ester 2. butyl acetate from MeSH
3.4.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms 1. Butyl acetate
11. Acetic acid n-butyl ester 21. Butylester kyseliny octove
31. HSDB 152
41. DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 51. Essigsaeure
2. N-BUTYL ACETATE
12. Acetate de butyle
22. Octan n-butylu [Polish]
32. Butile (acetati di) [Italian]
42. MFCD00009445
52. normal-butyl
3. 123-86-4
13. Butylacetaten
23. n-Butyl acetate (natural)
33. UNII-464P5N1905
43. Butile (acetati di)
53. Nat. Butyl A
4. Acetic acid, butyl ester
14. 1-acetoxybutane
24. Butyl ester of acetic acid
34. Butylester kyseliny octove [Czech]
44. ACETIC ACID,BUTYL ESTER
54. Essigsaeure
5. 1-Butyl acetate
15. 1-Butylacetate
25. NSC 9298
35. EINECS 204-658-1
45. nBuOAc
55. ACMC-1BOE
6. Butyl ethanoate
16. Octan n-butylu
26. Acetate de butyle [French]
36. Acetic acid-n-Butyl Ester
46. acetic acid butyl
56. AC1L1LAD
7. Acetic Acid Butyl Ester 17. Butyl acetate, n-
27. Butile(acetati di)
37. BRN 1741921
47. AcOBu
57. Butyl ester,
8. n-Butyl ethanoate
18. Butylacetat [German]
28. 1-Butanol, acetate
38. CH3COO(CH2)3CH3
48. BuOAc
58. DSSTox_CID
9. n-Butylacetate
19. Butyle (acetate de)
29. Butyle (acetate de) [French]
39. AI3-00406
49. n-BuOAc
59. Acetic acid,
20. Butylacetaten [Dutch]
30. CCRIS 2287
40. CHEBI:31328
50. Butyle(acetate de)
60. DSSTox_RID
10. Butylacetat
from PubChem
4 Chemical and Physical Properties 4.1 Computed Properties Property Name
Property Value
Molecular Weight
116.16 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
2
Rotatable Bond Count
4
Complexity
68.9
CACTVS Substructure Key Fingerprint
AAADccBgMAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAGgAAAAAAC ACggAICCAAABAAIAACQCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACAAAEAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA==
Topological Polar Surface Area
26.3 A^2
Monoisotopic Mass
116.084 g/mol
Exact Mass
116.084 g/mol
XLogP3
1.8
Compound Is Canonicalized
true
Formal Charge
0
Heavy Atom Count
8
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Isotope Atom Count
0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1 from PubChem
4.2 Experimental Properties 4.2.1 Physical Description BUTYL ACETATE is a clear colorless liquid with a fruity odor. Flash point 72 - 88°F. Density 7.4 lb / gal (less than water). Hence floats on water. Vapors heavier than air. from CAMEO Chemicals 1. Liquid 2. Liquid, OtherSolid 3. Liquid, WetSolid 4. WetSolid from EPA Chemicals under the TSCA
COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR. from ILO-ICSC Colorless liquid with a fruity odor. from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
4.2.2 Color Colorless liquid NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2010-168 (2010). Available from, as of Oct 5, 2011: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/
from HSDB
4.2.3 Odor PLEASANT, BANANA-LIKE ODOR Furia, T.E. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Food Additives. 2nd ed. Volume 2. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, Inc., 1980., p. 261
from HSDB Sweet Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals. Volumes 1-2. 4th ed. John Wiley & Sons. New York, NY. 2001, p. V1: 370
from HSDB Strong fruity odor Lewis, R.J. Sr. (ed) Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th Edition. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ. 2004., p. V2: 600
from HSDB
4.2.4 Taste BURNING THEN SWEET TASTE REMINISCENT OF PINEAPPLE Fenaroli's Handbook of Flavor Ingredients. Volume 2. Edited, translated, and revised by T.E. Furia and N. Bellanca. 2nd ed. Cleveland: The Chemical Rubber Co., 1975., p. 61
from HSDB PLEASANT, BANANA-LIKE TASTE Furia, T.E. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Food Additives. 2nd ed. Volume 2. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, Inc., 1980., p. 261
from HSDB
4.2.5 Boiling Point 259.7° F at 760 mm Hg (NTP, 1992) from CAMEO Chemicals 126.1 deg C Haynes, W.M. (ed.) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 91st ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc., 2010-2011, p. 3-76
from HSDB 126°C from ILO-ICSC
258°F from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
4.2.6 Melting Point -108.2° F (NTP, 1992) from CAMEO Chemicals -78 deg C Haynes, W.M. (ed.) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 91st ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc., 2010-2011, p. 3-76
from HSDB -77 °C from Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) -78°C from ILO-ICSC FRZ: -107°F from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB -107°F from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
4.2.7 Flash Point 72° F (NTP, 1992) from CAMEO Chemicals 72 deg F (22 deg C) (Closed cup) National Fire Protection Association; Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials. 14TH Edition, Quincy, MA 2010, p. 325-23
from HSDB 22°C c.c. from ILO-ICSC 72°F from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
4.2.8 Solubility 1 to 5 mg/mL at 68° F (NTP, 1992) from CAMEO Chemicals Soluble in most hydrocarbons O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 2006., p. 252
from HSDB Miscible with ethanol, ethyl ether; soluble in acetone, chloroform Haynes, W.M. (ed.) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 91st ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc., 2010-2011, p. 3-76
from HSDB Miscible with alcohol and ether Lewis, R.J. Sr.; Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary 15th Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York, NY 2007., p. 194
from HSDB In water: 14,000 mg/L at 20 deg C; 5,000 mg/L at 25 deg C Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals. Volumes 1-2. 4th ed. John Wiley & Sons. New York, NY. 2001, p. V1: 370
from HSDB In water, 6,700 ppm at 25 deg C Tewari YB et al; J Chem Eng Data 27: 451 (1982)
from HSDB In water, 8.33X10+3 mg/L at 25 deg C Yalkowsky, S.H., He, Yan, Jain, P. Handbook of Aqueous Solubility Data Second Edition. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 2010, p. 304
from HSDB 8.4 mg/mL at 25 °C from Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) in water, g/100ml at 20°C: 0.7 from ILO-ICSC 1% from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
4.2.9 Density 0.875 at 68° F (USCG, 1999) from CAMEO Chemicals 0.8825 g/cu cm at 20 deg C Haynes, W.M. (ed.) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 91st ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc., 2010-2011, p. 3-76
from HSDB (water = 1): 0.88 from ILO-ICSC 0.88 from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
4.2.10 Vapor Density 4 (NTP, 1992) (Relative to Air) from CAMEO Chemicals 4.0 (Air = 1) Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals. Volumes 1-2. 4th ed. John Wiley & Sons. New York, NY. 2001, p. V1: 370
from HSDB
(air = 1): 4.0 from ILO-ICSC
4.2.11 Vapor Pressure 10 mm Hg at 68° F (NTP, 1992) from CAMEO Chemicals 11.5 mm Hg at 25 deg C /ext/ Daubert, T.E., R.P. Danner. Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Pure Chemicals Data Compilation. Washington, D.C.: Taylor and Francis, 1989.
from HSDB Vapour pressure kPa at 20°C: 1.2 from ILO-ICSC 10 mmHg from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
4.2.12 LogP log Kow = 1.78 Hansch, C., Leo, A., D. Hoekman. Exploring QSAR - Hydrophobic, Electronic, and Steric Constants. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society., 1995., p. 26
from HSDB 1.78 from Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) 1.82 from ILO-ICSC
4.2.13 Stability Heat /contributes to instability/. Mackison, F. W., R. S. Stricoff, and L. J. Partridge, Jr. (eds.). NIOSH/OSHA - Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards. DHHS(NIOSH) Publication No. 81-123 (3 VOLS). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, Jan. 1981., p. 2
from HSDB
4.2.14 Auto-Ignition 760° F (USCG, 1999) from CAMEO Chemicals 797 DEG F (425 DEG C) National Fire Protection Association; Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials. 14TH Edition, Quincy, MA 2010, p. 325-23
from HSDB 420°C
from ILO-ICSC
4.2.15 Decomposition When heated to decomp it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. Lewis, R.J. Sr. (ed) Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th Edition. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ. 2004., p. 600
from HSDB
4.2.16 Viscosity 1.002 mPa s at 0 deg C; 0.685 mPa s at 25 deg C; 0.500 mPa s at 50 deg C; 0.383 mPa s at 75 deg C; 0.305 mPa s at 100 deg C Haynes, W.M. (ed.) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 91st ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc., 2010-2011, p. 6-231
from HSDB
4.2.17 Heat of Combustion -13.130 BTU/LB = -7294 CAL/G = -305.4X10+5 J/KG U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation. CHRIS - Hazardous Chemical Data. Volume II. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984-5.
from HSDB
4.2.18 Heat of Vaporization 36.28 kJ/mol at BP; 43.86 kJ/mol at 25 deg C Haynes, W.M. (ed.) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 91st ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc., 2010-2011, p. 6-132
from HSDB
4.2.19 Surface Tension 14.5 DYNES/CM = 0.0145 NEWTONS/MET AT 25 DEG C U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation. CHRIS - Hazardous Chemical Data. Volume II. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984-5.
from HSDB
4.2.20 Ionization Potential 10.00 eV from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
4.2.21 Odor Threshold Odor thresholds of 7 ppm and 20 ppm have been reported. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Inc. Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices. 6th ed. Volumes I, II, III. Cincinnati, OH: ACGIH, 1991., p. 164
from HSDB Detection in water: 0.066 mg/kg; 0.043 mg/kg Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data of Organic Chemicals. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1983., p. 306
from HSDB
33.13 mg/cu m (odor low); 94.66 mg/cu m (odor high). Ruth JH; Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 47: A-142-51 (1986)
from HSDB
4.2.22 Relative Evaporation Rate 1.0 (Butyl acetate = 1) Mackison, F. W., R. S. Stricoff, and L. J. Partridge, Jr. (eds.). NIOSH/OSHA - Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards. DHHS(NIOSH) Publication No. 81-123 (3 VOLS). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, Jan. 1981., p. 2
from HSDB
4.2.23 Kovats Retention Index
Standard non-polar
804.9, 791, 792.3, 795, 791, 791, 818, 794, 797, 799, 793, 802, 796.2, 784.76, 796.8, 798.2, 799.4, 801.5, 801.6, 804.7, 805.2, 799, 797.88, 797.88, 796, 801, 802, 804, 796, 796, 799, 774, 786, 810, 800, 774, 781, 786, 810, 788, 789, 805, 810, 790, 818, 796, 792, 796.4, 779, 794, 794, 794, 802, 805, 787, 794, 791, 793, 794, 794, 788, 790, 792, 794, 794, 813, 797.5, 793, 795.9, 810, 796, 794, 795, 796, 796, 789.6, 804, 799, 798, 799, 795, 790.4, 802, 802, 786, 789, 794, 794, 793, 798, 794, 795, 800, 793, 796, 796, 800, 800, 793, 793, 798, 788.3, 800, 799, 797, 797, 796, 808, 800, 805, 798.2
Semi-standard non-polar
812.8, 812, 812, 802, 812, 815, 812, 814, 814, 797, 814, 820, 820, 815, 816, 816, 812, 810, 812, 813, 811, 813, 830.1, 813, 817, 819, 805.85, 800, 806.6, 808.3, 809.4, 817, 775, 787, 770, 784, 786, 786, 813, 819, 809, 811, 776, 813, 786, 810, 794, 812, 816, 793, 800, 812, 815, 817, 828, 810, 820, 820, 819, 819, 812, 829, 812, 815, 817, 812, 812, 812, 808, 812, 816.4, 810, 812.6, 800, 812, 811, 814, 823, 824.2, 815, 816, 813.4, 818.6, 820.1, 795, 812, 813, 808, 807, 823, 812, 813, 818, 793, 814, 812, 769
Standard polar
1075, 1077, 1085, 1075, 1070, 1080, 1075, 1075, 1080, 1049, 1062, 1062, 1100, 1105, 1100, 1074, 1075, 1075, 1080, 1057, 1067, 1052, 1086.8, 1072, 1082, 1075, 1067, 1052, 1056, 1052, 1078, 1082, 1086, 1072, 1059, 1073, 1072, 1050, 1059, 1064, 1066, 1075.2, 1076.2, 1077.4, 1065, 1073.7, 1074, 1074.1, 1074.4, 1074.5, 1057, 1058, 1065, 1075, 1086, 1082, 1095, 1053, 1064, 1079, 1080, 1078, 1070, 1091, 1036, 1068, 1085, 1078, 1063, 1075, 1098, 1040, 1059, 1059, 1088, 1046, 1074, 1070, 1077, 1085, 1082, 1082, 1065, 1070, 1070, 1077, 1064, 1082, 1073, 1074, 1088, 1059, 1066, 1070, 1075, 1092, 1105, 1082, 1072, 1057, 1082, 1089.9, 1073.1, 1093, 1072, 1060, 1055.8, 1100, 1047, 1086, 1076, 1072, 1068, 1086, 1086, 1059, 1071, 1075, 1071, 1076, 1077, 1070, 1070, 1059, 1068, 1070, 1059, 1091, 1114, 1078, 1068, 1066.6 from NIST
4.3 Crystal Structures Crystal Structures: 1 of 1 (CCDC Number) CCDC Number
269396
Crystal Structure Data
DOI:10.5517/cc91b6v
Associated Article
DOI:10.1107/S1600536805000371 from The Cambridge Structural Database
4.4 Spectral Properties Index of Refraction: 1.3941 at 20 deg C/D U.S. Department of Health & Human Services/National Toxicology Program; 10th Report on Carcinogens, Research Triangle Park, NC 2002, p. 3-76
from HSDB SADTLER REFERENCE NUMBER: 10971 (IR, GRATING) Weast, R.C. (ed.). Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 60th ed. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press Inc., 1979., p. C-86
from HSDB MASS: 49313 (NIST/EPA/MSDC Mass Spectral Database, 1990 version) Lide, D.R., G.W.A. Milne (eds.). Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds. Volume I. 3rd ed. CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton ,FL. 1994., p. V1: 105
from HSDB IR: 10971 (Sadtler Research Laboratories IR grating collection) Lide, D.R., G.W.A. Milne (eds.). Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds. Volume I. 3rd ed. CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton ,FL. 1994., p. V1: 105
from HSDB UV: 7-93 (Phillips et al., Organic Electronic Spectral Data, John Wiley & Sons, New York) Lide, D.R., G.W.A. Milne (eds.). Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds. Volume I. 3rd ed. CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton ,FL. 1994., p. V1: 105
from HSDB Raman: 39 (Sadtler Research Laboratories spectral collection) Lide, D.R., G.W.A. Milne (eds.). Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds. Volume I. 3rd ed. CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton ,FL. 1994., p. V1: 105
from HSDB 1H NMR: 140 (Varian Associates NMR Spectra Catalogue) Lide, D.R., G.W.A. Milne (eds.). Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds. Volume I. 3rd ed. CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton ,FL. 1994., p. V1: 105
from HSDB
4.4.1 Infrared Spectra Infrared Spectra: 1 of 11 (FTIR Spectra) Technique
CAPILLARY CELL: NEAT
Source of Sample
Commercial Solvents Corporation, New York, New York
Copyright
Copyright © 1980, 1981-2018 Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. All Rights Reserved. LOADING... PLEASE WAIT...
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from SpectraBase Infrared Spectra: 2 of 11 (ATR-IR Spectra) Technique
ATR-Neat
Copyright
Copyright © 1980, 1981-2018 Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. All Rights Reserved. LOADING... PLEASE WAIT...
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from SpectraBase Infrared Spectra: 3 of 11 (FTIR Spectra) Technique
BETWEEN SALTS
Source of Sample
Commercial Solvents Corporation, New York, New York
Copyright
Copyright © 1980, 1981-2018 Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. All Rights Reserved. LOADING... PLEASE WAIT...
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from SpectraBase View All 11 Infrared Spectra
4.4.2 1D NMR Spectra 1D NMR Spectra: 1 of 9 (1H NMR Spectra) 1H NMR Spectra
1D NMR Spectrum 3825 - JEOL 90 MHz 1H NMR
13C NMR Spectra
1D NMR Spectrum 4091 - NEVA 15.09 MHz 13C NMR from Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
1D NMR Spectra: 2 of 9 (13C NMR Spectra) Copyright
Copyright © 2016 W. Robien, Inst. of Org. Chem., Univ. of Vienna. All Rights Reserved. LOADING... PLEASE WAIT...
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from SpectraBase
1D NMR Spectra: 3 of 9 (1H NMR Spectra) Instrument Name
BRUKER AC-300
Source of Sample
Tokyo Kasei Kogyo Company, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
Copyright
Copyright © 1991-2018 Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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from SpectraBase View All 9 1D NMR Spectra
4.4.3 Mass Spectrometry 4.4.3.1 GC-MS 1. GC-MS Spectrum 2417 - GC-MS Ei Predicted by CFMID-EI, energy0 2. GC-MS Spectrum 26950 - EI-B positive instrument=HITACHI RMU-6D 3. GC-MS Spectrum 26951 - EI-B positive instrument=HITACHI RMU-6D 4. GC-MS Spectrum 26976 - EI-B positive instrument=HITACHI RMU-7M 5. GC-MS Spectrum 27047 - EI-B positive instrument=HITACHI RMU-6M 6. GC-MS Spectrum 27838 - EI-B positive instrument=HITACHI RMU-6M 7. GC-MS Spectrum 28613 - EI-B positive instrument=HITACHI M-80B from Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
1 of 4 NIST Number
352284
Library
Main library
Total Peaks
48
m/z Top Peak
43
m/z 2nd Highest
56
m/z 3rd Highest
41 LOADING... PLEASE WAIT...
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from NIST
4.4.3.2 MS-MS 1. MS-MS Spectrum 21209 - 10V Positive Predicted by CFM-ID 2. MS-MS Spectrum 21210 - 20V Positive Predicted by CFM-ID 3. MS-MS Spectrum 21211 - 40V Positive Predicted by CFM-ID 4. MS-MS Spectrum 22760 - 10V Negative Predicted by CFM-ID 5. MS-MS Spectrum 22761 - 20V Negative Predicted by CFM-ID 6. MS-MS Spectrum 22762 - 40V Negative Predicted by CFM-ID from Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
4.4.3.3 EI-MS EI-MS Spectrum 1911 from Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
4.4.4 Other Spectra Other Spectra: 1 of 1 (Raman Spectra) Instrument Name
Bruker MultiRAM Stand Alone FT-Raman Spectrometer
Technique
FT-Raman
Source of Spectrum
Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.
Source of Sample
TCI Chemicals India Pvt. Ltd.
Catalog Number
A0024
Lot Number
V2L2G-PI
Copyright
Copyright © 2016-2018 Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. All Rights Reserved. LOADING... PLEASE WAIT...
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from SpectraBase
5 Related Records LOADING... PLEASE WAIT...
from NCBI
5.1 Related Compounds with Annotation LOADING... PLEASE WAIT...
from PubChem
5.2 Related Compounds Same Tautomer
6 records
Same Connectivity
4 records
Same Parent, Tautomer
50 records
Same Parent, Connectivity
46 records
Same Parent, Exact
43 records
Mixtures, Components, and Neutralized Forms
271 records
Similar Compounds
142 records
Similar Conformers
4576 records from PubChem
5.3 Substances 5.3.1 Related Substances
All
544 records
Same
209 records
Mixture
335 records from PubChem
5.3.2 Substances by Category LOADING... PLEASE WAIT...
from PubChem
5.4 Entrez Crosslinks PubMed
218 records
Protein Structures
1 record from PubChem
6 Chemical Vendors LOADING... PLEASE WAIT...
from PubChem
7 Food Additives and Ingredients 7.1 Food Additive Classes Flavoring Agents from EU Food Improvement Agents JECFA Functional Classes Flavouring Agent: FLAVOURING_AGENT from FAO/WHO Food Additive Evaluations - JECFA
7.2 FEMA Flavor Profile Apple, Banana, Glue, Pungent from Flavor & Extract Manufacturers Association - FEMA
7.3 Evaluations of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives - JECFA Evaluations of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives - JECFA: 1 of 1 (JECFA Chemical) Chemical Name
ACETIC ACID BUTYL ESTER
ADI
No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent
Evaluation Year
1997
Report
TRS 884-JECFA 49/52 from FAO/WHO Food Additive Evaluations - JECFA
8 Pharmacology and Biochemistry 8.1 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion When anesthetized rats were exposed via the trachea to n-butyl acetate, 34,000 mg/cu m for 1 hr or 4800 mg/cu m for 5 hr, constant blood levels of n-butyl acetate and n-butanol were rapidly reached. The n-butyl acetate was eliminated from blood within 1 min after termination of the 1 hr exposure. ... Criteria Group for Occupational Standards National Institute for Working Life; Scientific Basis for Swedish Occupational Standards XIX, Consensus report for Butyl Acetates, p.23 (1998). Available from, as of October 27, 2011: http://www.inchem.org/documents/kemi/kemi/ah1998_25.pdf
from HSDB
8.2 Metabolism/Metabolites A MIXTURE OF FIVE ACETATES, INCL BUTYL ACETATE WAS ADMIN ORALLY TO RABBITS. THE ESTERS WERE HYDROLYZED TO ACETIC ACID & THE CORRESPONDING ALCOHOL. OPDYKE DLJ; FOOD COSMET TOXICOL 17: 515-9 (1979)
from HSDB THE EXCRETED MAMMALIAN METABOLITE OF BUTYL ACETATE HAS BEEN DETERMINED AS 4-HYDROXY-3-METHOXY- OR VANILEMANDELIC ACID, NOW KNOWN TO BE A NORMAL OR A PATHOLOGICAL CONSTITUENT OF URINE. Clayton, G.D., F.E. Clayton (eds.) Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Volumes 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F: Toxicology. 4th ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1993-1994., p. 2985
from HSDB The metabolic series approach for risk assessment uses a dosimetry-based analysis to develop toxicity information for a group of metabolically linked compounds using pharmacokinetic (PK) data for each compound and toxicity data for the parent compound. The metabolic series approach for n-butyl acetate and its subsequent metabolites, n-butanol and n-butyric acid (the butyl series), was first demonstrated using a provisional physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for the butyl series. The objective of this work was to complete development of the PBPK model for the butyl series. Rats were administered test compounds by iv bolus dose, iv infusion, or by inhalation in a recirculating closed chamber. Hepatic, vascular, and extravascular metabolic constants for metabolism were estimated by fitting the model to the blood time course data from these experiments. The respiratory bioavailability of n-butyl acetate (100% of alveolar ventilation) and n-butanol (50% of alveolar ventilation) was estimated from closed chamber inhalation studies and measured ventilation rates. The resulting butyl series PBPK model successfully reproduces the blood time course of these compounds following iv administration and inhalation exposure to n-butyl acetate and n-butanol in rats and arterial blood n-butanol kinetics following inhalation exposure to n-butanol in humans. These validated inhalation route models can be used to support species and dose-route extrapolations required for risk assessment of butyl series family of compounds. Human equivalent concentrations of 169 ppm and 1066 ppm n-butanol corresponding to the rat n-butyl acetate NOAELs of 500 and 3000 ppm were derived using the models. Abstract: PubMed Teeguarden JG et al; Toxicol Sci 85 (1): 429-46 (2005)
from HSDB ... n-Butyl Alcohol may be formed by hydrolysis of butyl acetate in the blood, but is rapidly oxidized ... Abstract: PubMed McLain VC; Int J Toxicol 27 (Suppl 2): 53-69 (2008)
from HSDB
8.3 Biological Half-Life ... When n-butyl acetate was added to human blood samples the ... /half-life/ for hydrolysis was 4 minutes. ... Criteria Group for Occupational Standards National Institute for Working Life; Scientific Basis for Swedish Occupational Standards XIX, Consensus report for Butyl Acetates, p.23 (1998). Available from, as of October 27, 2011: http://www.inchem.org/documents/kemi/kemi/ah1998_25.pdf
from HSDB
8.4 Human Metabolite Information
8.4.1 Metabolite Description n-Butyl acetate is a flavouring ingredient used in apple flavours. n-Butyl acetate, also known as butyl ethanoate, is an organic compound commonly used as a solvent in the production of lacquers and other products. It is also used as a synthetic fruit flavoring in foods such as candy, ice cream, cheeses, and baked goods. Butyl acetate is found in many types of fruit, where along with other chemicals it imparts characteristic flavors. Apples, especially of the Red Delicious variety, are flavored in part by this chemical. It is a colourless flammable liquid with a sweet smell of banana from Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
8.4.2 Biofluid Locations Feces from Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
9 Use and Manufacturing 9.1 Uses Food additives -> Flavoring Agents from EU Food Improvement Agents JECFA Functional Classes Flavouring Agent: FLAVOURING_AGENT from FAO/WHO Food Additive Evaluations - JECFA
9.1.1 Industry Uses 1. Adhesives and sealant chemicals 2. Intermediates 3. Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories 4. Plasticizers 5. Plating agents and surface treating agents 6. Solvents (for cleaning or degreasing) 7. Solvents (which become part of product formulation or mixture) from EPA Chemicals under the TSCA
9.1.2 Consumer Uses 1. Air Care Products 2. Cleaning and Furnishing Care Products 3. Fabric, Textile, and Leather Products not covered elsewhere 4. Ink, Toner, and Colorant Products 5. Paints and Coatings from EPA Chemicals under the TSCA
9.2 Methods of Manufacturing Esterification of butanol and acetic acid produces butyl acetate. The catalyst is sulfuric acid. The removal of water by azeotropic separation forces the reaction to completion. The acid catalyst is neutralized and the ester purified by distillation. Cheung H et al; Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 7th ed. (1999-2011). NY, NY: John Wiley & Sons; Acetic Acid. Online Posting Date: June 15, 2000
from HSDB
9.3 Consumption 95% USED IN THE PROTECTIVE COATINGS INDUSTRY AS A SOLVENT AND THINNER; AND 5% IN MISC APPLICATIONS (1965) SRI
from HSDB Nitrocellulose-based lacquers, 63%; Exports, 27%; Ink solvent, 5%; Adhesives solvent, 2%; Other solvent uses, 3% (1985)
CHEMICAL PROFILE: n-Butyl Acetate (1985)
from HSDB CHEMICAL PROFILE: n-Butyl Acetate. Lacquer solvent, primarily for wooden furniture and auto top-coat applications, 55%; exports, 35%; others, including adhesive and pharmaceutical solvents, 10%. Kavaler AR; Chemical Marketing Reporter 232 (17): 58 (1987)
from HSDB CHEMICAL PROFILE: n-Butyl acetate. Demand: 1986: 185 million lb; 1987: 192 million lb; 1991 /projected/: 215 million lb (Includes exports; imports were 5.8 million lb in 1986). Kavaler AR; Chemical Marketing Reporter 232 (17): 58 (1987)
from HSDB Demand: (1992) 225 million lb; (1993) 230 million lb; (1997) /projected/ 250 million lb. (Includes exports of over 150 million lb in 1992, but not imports which were 32 million lb in 1992.) Kavaler AR; Chemical Marketing Reporter, December 20, 1993
from HSDB
9.4 U.S. Production (1972) 4.34X10+10 G SRI
from HSDB (1975) 3.65X10+10 G SRI
from HSDB (1993) 1.32378X10+8 kilograms United States International Trade Commission. Synthetic Organic Chemicals - United States Production and Sales, 1993. USITC Publication 2810, Nov. 1994. Washington, D.C., p. 3-67
from HSDB Acetic acid, butyl ester is listed as a High Production Volume (HPV) chemical (65FR81686). Chemicals listed as HPV were produced in or imported into the U.S. in >1 million pounds in 1990 and/or 1994. The HPV list is based on the 1990 Inventory Update Rule. (IUR) (40 CFR part 710 subpart B; 51FR21438). EPA/Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics; High Production Volume (HPV) Challenge Program. Acetic acid, butyl ester (123-86-4). Available from, as of October 21, 2011: http://www.epa.gov/hpv/pubs/general/opptsrch.htm
from HSDB Production volumes for non-confidential chemicals reported under the Inventory Update Rule. Year
Production Range (pounds)
1986
>100 million - 500 million
1990
>100 million - 500 million
1994
>100 million - 500 million
1998
>100 million - 500 million
2002
>100 million - 500 million
US EPA; Non-confidential Production Volume Information Submitted by Companies for Chemicals Under the 1986-2002 Inventory Update Rule (IUR). Acetic acid, butyl ester (123-86-4). Available from, as of October 21, 2011: http://www.epa.gov/oppt/iur/tools/data/2002-vol.html
from HSDB Production volume for non-confidential chemicals reported under the 2006 Inventory Update Rule. Chemical: Acetic acid, butyl ester. Aggregated National Production Volume: 100 to < 500 million pounds. US EPA; Non-Confidential 2006 Inventory Update Reporting. National Chemical Information. Acetic acid, butyl ester (123-86-4). Available from, as of October 21, 2011:
http://cfpub.epa.gov/iursearch/index.cfm?s=chem&err=t
from HSDB
9.5 U.S. Imports (1972) 1.99X10+7 G SRI
from HSDB (1975) 3.94X10+7 G SRI
from HSDB (1984) 1.54X10+9 g BUREAU OF THE CENSUS. US IMPORTS FOR CONSUMPTION AND GENERAL IMPORTS 1984 p.1-361
from HSDB
9.6 U.S. Exports (1972) 9.71X10+9 G SRI
from HSDB (1975) 5.7X10+8 G SRI
from HSDB (1984) 1.63x10+10 g BUREAU OF THE CENSUS. US EXPORTS, SCHEDULE E, 1984 p.2-78
from HSDB
9.7 Sampling Procedures ANALYTE: BUTYL ACETATE; MATRIX: AIR; PROCEDURE: ADSORPTION ON CHARCOAL, DESORPTION WITH CARBON DISULFIDE; SAMPLE SIZE: 10 LITERS. U.S. Department of Health, Education Welfare, Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety Health. NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods. 2nd ed. Volumes 17. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1977-present., p. V2 S47-1
from HSDB A glass tube containing two sections of activated coconut shell charcoal connected to a sampling pump adjusted to an air flow of 0.01 to 0.2 l/min is used for sampling /n-butyl acetate vapors/. Desorption is done with 1 ml of carbon disulfide. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service. Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, 3rd ed. Volumes 1 and 2 with 1985 supplement, and revisions. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, February 1984., p. 1450-2
from HSDB
10 Identification 10.1 Analytic Laboratory Methods Method: NIOSH 1450, Issue 3; Procedure: gas chromatography with flame ionization; Analyte: n-butyl acetate; Matrix: air; Detection Limit: 0.9 ug/sample. CDC; NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, 4th ed. n-Butyl Acetate (123-86-4). Available from, as of October 31, 2011: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2003-154/
from HSDB Method: OSHA 1009; Procedure: gas chromatography with flame ionization detector; Analyte: n-butyl acetate; Matrix: air; Detection Limit: 23.5 picograms. U.S. Department of Labor/Occupational Safety and Health Administration's Index of Sampling and Analytical Methods. n-Butyl Acetate (123-86-4). Available from, as of November 2, 2011: http://www.osha.gov/dts/sltc/methods/toc.html
from HSDB APPLICATION OF NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROMETRY BY FOURIER TRANSFORMATION TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF CONTAMINANTS IN INDUSTRIAL ATMOSPHERES. NIETO JL, TEJEDOR JN; AFINIDAD 32 (326): 402-10 (1975)
from HSDB IDENTIFICATION OF ORG SOLVENT VAPORS IN AIR BY GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHODS IN DYE & LACQUER INDUSTRY. LOWEST CONCN DETECTED OF BUTYL ACETATE 5.0 MG/CU M. KOWALSKI WJ ET AL; ORCH POWIETRZA 9 (4): 118-20 (1975)
from HSDB MASS SPECTROMETRY & GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY WERE USED IN THE IDENTIFICATION & DETERMINATION OF CMPD INCLUDING BUTYL ACETATE IN DIVING GASES. DEUEL CL, ROBERTS RM; PROC DIVERS' GAS PURITY SYMP (AD-769): 118 (XII) 16 PAGES (1973)
from HSDB The US EPA has proposed methods for analysis of volatile priority pollutants by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy using purge-and-trap techniques. n-Butyl acetate was evaluated. The detection limit was less than 10 ppb. Spingarn NE et al; J Chromatogr Sci 20 (6): 286-8 (1982)
from HSDB Purge-and-trap analysis using fused silica capillary column gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy was evaluated for the analysis of priority pollutant organics. This method /was found/ better than the EPA Method 624, which uses packed columns. Dreisch FA, Munson TO; J Chromatogr Sci 21 (3): 111-8 (1983)
from HSDB A gas chromatographic method for the analysis of n-butyl acetate, consists of a stainless steel column, 3 m x 3 mm, packed with Chromosorb WHP (100/120 mesh) coated with 5% FFAP, with hydrogen-air flame ionization detection, and nitrogen as the carrier gas at a flow rate of 30 mL/min, is a NIOSH approved method. A sample injection volume of 5 uL is suggested, the column temperature is 90 deg C and a detector temperature of 250 deg C. This method has a detection limit of 0.02 mg/L and a relative standard deviation of 0.02, over a working range of 71-2130 mg/cu m for a 10 liter sample. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service. Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, 3rd ed. Volumes 1 and 2 with 1985 supplement, and revisions. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, February 1984., p. 1450-5
from HSDB
10.2 OSHA Chemical Sampling n-Butyl Acetate from OSHA Chemical Sampling Information
10.3 NIOSH Analytical Methods VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (SCREENING) 2549 from NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods ESTERS 1 1450 from NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods
11 Safety and Hazards 11.1 Hazards Identification 11.1.1 GHS Classification
Signal: Warning GHS Hazard Statements Aggregated GHS information provided by 2869 companies from 67 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies. Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria by 1 of 2869 companies. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website Of the 66 notification(s) provided by 2868 of 2869 companies with hazard statement code(s): H226 (99.34%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids] H336 (99.79%): May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects] Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. Precautionary Statement Codes P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P312, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (The corresponding statement to each P-code can be found here.) from European Chemicals Agency - ECHA View all (4) GHS Classification entries
11.1.2 Health Hazard SKIN: prolonged or frequently repeated exposures may lead to drying. INHALATION: headaches, dizziness, nausea, irritation of respiratory passages and eyes. (USCG, 1999) from CAMEO Chemicals Flammable - 3rd degree from NJDOH RTK Hazardous Substance List
11.1.3 Fire Hazard Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. (ERG, 2016) from CAMEO Chemicals Flammable. from ILO-ICSC
11.1.4 Explosion Hazard Above 22°C explosive vapour/air mixtures may be formed. from ILO-ICSC
11.1.5 Fire Potential Flammable liquid. Lewis, R.J. Sr. (ed) Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th Edition. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ. 2004., p. 600
from HSDB
11.1.6 Skin, Eye, and Respiratory Irritations Skin Exposure: Prolonged or frequently repeated exposures may lead to drying /of skin and irritation of the eye/. Inhalation /exposure produces/ irritation of respiratory passages. U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation. CHRIS - Hazardous Chemical Data. Volume II. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984-5.
from HSDB BUT ITS VAPOR CAUSES IRRITATION OF EYES & NOSE. Grant, W.M. Toxicology of the Eye. 3rd ed. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publisher, 1986., p. 163
from HSDB
11.2 Safety and Hazard Properties 11.2.1 LEL 1.7 % (NTP, 1992) from CAMEO Chemicals 1.7% from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
11.2.2 UEL 7.6 % (NTP, 1992) from CAMEO Chemicals 7.6% from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
11.2.3 Flammability Lower flammable limit: 1.3% by volume; Upper flammable limit: 7.6% by volume National Fire Protection Association; Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials. 14TH Edition, Quincy, MA 2010, p. 325-23
from HSDB Class IB Flammable Liquid: Fl.P. below 73°F and BP at or above 100°F. from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
11.2.4 Critical Temperature Crticial temperature: 578 K; critical pressure: 3.16 MPa Haynes, W.M. (ed.) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 91st ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc., 2010-2011, p. 6-59
from HSDB
11.2.5 Critical Pressure Crticial temperature: 578 K; critical pressure: 3.16 MPa Haynes, W.M. (ed.) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 91st ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc., 2010-2011, p. 6-59
from HSDB
11.2.6 NFPA Hazard Classification Health: 2. 2= Materials that, on intense or continued (but not chronic) exposure, could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury, including those requiring the use of respiratory protective equipment that has an independent air supply. These materials are hazardous to health, but areas may be entered freely if personnel are provided with full-face mask self-contained breathing apparatus that provides complete eye protection. National Fire Protection Association; Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials. 14TH Edition, Quincy, MA 2010, p. 325-23
from HSDB Flammability: 3. 3= This degree includes Class IB and IC flammable liquids and materials that can be easily ignited under almost all normal temperature conditions. Water may be ineffective in controlling or extinguishing fires in such materials. National Fire Protection Association; Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials. 14TH Edition, Quincy, MA 2010, p. 325-23
from HSDB Instability: 0. 0= This degree includes materials that are normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and that do not react with water. Normal fire fighting procedures may be used. National Fire Protection Association; Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials. 14TH Edition, Quincy, MA 2010, p. 325-23
from HSDB
11.2.7 NFPA Fire Rating 3 from CAMEO Chemicals, OSHA Occupational Chemical DB
11.2.8 NFPA Health Rating 2 from CAMEO Chemicals 1 from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB
11.2.9 Physical Dangers The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible. from ILO-ICSC
11.2.10 Chemical Dangers 1700 PPM [IDLH based on 10% of the lower explosive limit for safety considerations even though the relevant toxicological data indicated that irreversible health effects or impairment of escape existed only at higher concentrations.] NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards & Other Databases CD-ROM. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2005-151 (2005)
from HSDB Reacts with strong oxidants, strong acids and strong bases. This generates fire and explosion hazard. Attacks many plastics and rubber. from ILO-ICSC
11.2.11 Explosive Limits and Potential Lower 1.4%; upper 7.5% Lewis, R.J. Sr. (ed) Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th Edition. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ. 2004., p. 600
from HSDB vol% in air: 1.2-7.6 from ILO-ICSC
11.2.12 OSHA Standards Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-hr Time Weighted Avg: 150 ppm (710 mg/cu m). 29 CFR 1910.1000 (USDOL); U.S. National Archives and Records Administration's Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Available from, as of October 18, 2011: http://www.ecfr.gov
from HSDB Vacated 1989 OSHA PEL TWA 150 ppm (710 mg/cu m); STEL 200 ppm (950 mg/cu m) is still enforced in some states. NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 97-140. Washington, D.C. U.S. Government Printing Office, 1997., p. 360
from HSDB
11.2.13 NIOSH Recommendations Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hour Time-Weighted Average: 150 ppm (710 mg/cu m). NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards & Other Databases CD-ROM. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2005-151 (2005)
from HSDB Recommended Exposure Limit: 15 Minute Short-Term Exposure Limit: 200 ppm (950 mg/cu m). NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards & Other Databases CD-ROM. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2005-151 (2005)
from HSDB
11.3 First Aid Measures 11.3.1 First Aid EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for
treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992) from CAMEO Chemicals EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of Breathing, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the Headache lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992) from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB (See procedures) Eye:Irrigate immediately Skin:Water flush promptly Breathing:Respiratory support Swallow:Medical attention immediately from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
11.3.2 Inhalation First Aid Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention. from ILO-ICSC
11.3.3 Skin First Aid Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. from ILO-ICSC
11.3.4 Eye First Aid First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention. from ILO-ICSC
11.3.5 Ingestion First Aid Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention . from ILO-ICSC
11.4 Fire Fighting Measures Water in straight hose stream will scatter and spread fire and should not be used.
U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation. CHRIS - Hazardous Chemical Data. Volume II. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984-5.
from HSDB If material on fire or involved in a fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may spread fire. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. /Butyl acetates/ Association of American Railroads; Bureau of Explosives. Emergency Handling of Hazardous Materials in Surface Transportation. Association of American Railroads, Pueblo, CO. 2005, p. 146
from HSDB Fire Fighting: Use self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode. Mackison, F. W., R. S. Stricoff, and L. J. Partridge, Jr. (eds.). NIOSH/OSHA - Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards. DHHS(NIOSH) Publication No. 81-123 (3 VOLS). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, Jan. 1981., p. 5
from HSDB
11.4.1 Fire Fighting Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]: CAUTION: All these products have a very low flash point: Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient. SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. Do not use dry chemical extinguishers to control fires involving nitromethane (UN1261) or nitroethane (UN2842). LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. Do not use straight streams. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. FIRE INVOLVING TANKS OR CAR/TRAILER LOADS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2016) from CAMEO Chemicals Use AFFF, alcohol-resistant foam, dry powder, carbon dioxide. from ILO-ICSC Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may spread fire. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. ( AAR, 1999) from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB
11.4.2 Explosion Fire Fighting In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. from ILO-ICSC
11.4.3 Other Fire Fighting Hazards Flashback along vapor trail may occur. Vapor may explode if ignited in an enclosed area. U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation. CHRIS - Hazardous Chemical Data. Volume II. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984-5.
from HSDB Its vapors are heavier than air. Bureau of Explosives; Emergency Handling of Haz Matl in Surface Trans p.80 (1981)
from HSDB
11.5 Accidental Release Measures 11.5.1 Isolation and Evacuation Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.
LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet). FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016) from CAMEO Chemicals
11.5.2 Spillage Disposal Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Ventilation. Remove all ignition sources. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable metal or glass containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. from ILO-ICSC
11.5.3 Cleanup Methods 1. Remove all ignition sources. 2. Ventilate area of spill or leak. 3. For small quant, absorb on paper towels. Evaporate in a safe place (such as a fume hood). Allow sufficient time for evaporating vapors to completely clear the hood ductwork. Burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible materials. Large quantities can be collected and atomized in a suitable combustion chamber. Butyl acetate should not be allowed to enter a confined space, such as a sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion. Mackison, F. W., R. S. Stricoff, and L. J. Partridge, Jr. (eds.). NIOSH/OSHA - Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards. DHHS(NIOSH) Publication No. 81-123 (3 VOLS). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, Jan. 1981., p. 3
from HSDB Environmental considerations: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, or holding area to contain liquid or solid material /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder. Apply appropriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard. /Butyl acetates/ Association of American Railroads; Bureau of Explosives. Emergency Handling of Hazardous Materials in Surface Transportation. Association of American Railroads, Pueblo, CO. 2005, p. 146
from HSDB Environmental considerations: Water spill: Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel. Use surface active agent (eg detergent, soaps, alcohols), if approved by EPA. Inject "universal" gelling agent to solidify encircled spill and increased effectiveness of booms. If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount. Remove trapped material with suction hoses. Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. /Butyl acetates/ Association of American Railroads; Bureau of Explosives. Emergency Handling of Hazardous Materials in Surface Transportation. Association of American Railroads, Pueblo, CO. 2005, p. 146
from HSDB Environmental considerations: Air spill: Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors. /Butyl acetates/ Association of American Railroads; Bureau of Explosives. Emergency Handling of Hazardous Materials in Surface Transportation. Association of American Railroads, Pueblo, CO. 2005, p. 146
from HSDB The waste waters from the production of antibiotics contain certain quantities of butyl acetate or butanol. For the purpose of their purification by removal of these organic solvents a technology and an installation have been created. The installation described operates steadily with waters tending to cause settling of solids, when heated in a heat exchanger or when decreasing the concentration of the organic solvent in the stripping column. The investigation of the industrial column shows a degree of purification of 99-100% at different regimes of operation. The five year exploitation of the installation for removal of butyl acetate and the two year operation of that for the removal of butanol showed that the solids coagulating from waste water did not settle on the apparatus walls. Kolev N et al; Water Research 30 (5): 1312-1315 (1996)
from HSDB
11.5.4 Disposal Methods SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. from HSDB The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for n-Butyl acetate: Concentration: Activated carbon. USEPA; Management of Hazardous Waste Leachate, EPA Contract No.68-03-2766 p.E-129 (1982)
from HSDB /Proposed methods of disposal should be used on statutory requirements of the state where disposal is to occur. The usual methods would be expected to include:/ 1) Absorbing in vermiculite, dry sand, earth or a similar material 2) Atomizing in a suitable combustion chamber. Mackison, F. W., R. S. Stricoff, and L. J. Partridge, Jr. (eds.). NIOSH/OSHA - Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards. DHHS(NIOSH) Publication No. 81-123 (3 VOLS). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, Jan. 1981., p. 4
from HSDB SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal. from HSDB
11.5.5 Other Preventative Measures SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place. from HSDB BASIC VENTILATION METHODS ARE LOCAL EXHAUST ... & DILUTION OR GENERAL VENTILATION. Sax, N.I. Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 4th ed. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1975., p. 483
from HSDB SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants. Ensure that the local ventilation moves the contaminant away from the worker. from HSDB Employees should wash promptly when skin is wet or contaminated. Remove clothing immediately if wet or contaminated to avoid flammability hazard. Sittig, M. Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, 2002. 4th ed.Vol 1 A-H Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, 2002., p. 394
from HSDB ... A complete respiratory protection program should be instituted which includes regular training, maintenance, inspection, cleaning, and evaluation. ... Clothing wet with liquid butyl acetate should be placed in closed containers for storage until it can be discarded or until provision is made for the removal of butyl acetate from the clothing. If the clothing is to be laundered or otherwise cleaned to remove the butyl acetate the person performing the operation should be informed of butyl acetate's hazardous properties. Mackison, F. W., R. S. Stricoff, and L. J. Partridge, Jr. (eds.). NIOSH/OSHA - Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards. DHHS(NIOSH) Publication No. 81-123 (3 VOLS). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, Jan. 1981., p. 2
from HSDB If material not on fire and not involved in a fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without hazard. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. /Butyl acetates/ Association of American Railroads; Bureau of Explosives. Emergency Handling of Hazardous Materials in Surface Transportation. Association of American Railroads, Pueblo, CO. 2005, p. 146
from HSDB Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Do not handle broken packages without protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. /Butyl acetates/ Association of American Railroads; Bureau of Explosives. Emergency Handling of Hazardous Materials in Surface Transportation. Association of American Railroads, Pueblo, CO. 2005, p. 146
from HSDB The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.
NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards & Other Databases CD-ROM. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2005-151 (2005)
from HSDB SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. The completeness of the cleaning procedures should be considered before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at the end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning. from HSDB Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard (i.e., for liquids with a flash point <100 def F). NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards & Other Databases CD-ROM. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2005-151 (2005)
from HSDB
11.6 Handling and Storage 11.6.1 Nonfire Spill Response Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material. LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2016) from CAMEO Chemicals Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder. Apply approriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard. Water spill: Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel. Use surface active agent (e.g. detergent, soaps, alcohols), if approved by epa. Inject "universal" gelling agent to solidify encircled spill and increase effectiveness of booms. If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount. Remove trapped material with suction hoses. Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999) from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB
11.6.2 Safe Storage Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants, strong bases and strong acids. Cool. from ILO-ICSC
11.6.3 Storage Conditions IN GENERAL, MATERIALS ... TOXIC AS STORED OR WHICH CAN DECOMP INTO TOXIC COMPONENTS ... SHOULD BE STORED IN COOL ... VENTILATED PLACE, OUT OF ... SUN, AWAY FROM ... FIRE HAZARD ... BE PERIODICALLY INSPECTED & MONITORED. INCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS SHOULD BE ISOLATED ... Sax, N.I. Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 4th ed. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1975., p. 483
from HSDB
11.7 Exposure Control and Personal Protection 11.7.1 REL TWA 150 ppm (710 mg/m3 ) ST 200 ppm (950 mg/m3 ) from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
11.7.2 PEL TWA 150 ppm (710 mg/m3 ) See Appendix G from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
11.7.3 PEL-TWA 150 ppm from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB 710 mg/m3 from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB
11.7.4 REL-TWA 150 ppm from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB 710 mg/m3 from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB
11.7.5 REL-STEL 200 ppm from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB 950 mg/m3 from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB
11.7.6 IDLH 1700 ppm Based on 10% of the lower explosive limit. (NIOSH, 2016) from CAMEO Chemicals 1700 ppm 10% of LEL from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB 1700 ppm [10%LEL] See: 123864 from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
11.7.7 Threshold Limit Values 8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 150 ppm; 15 min Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL): 200 ppm. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists; 2011 Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices . Cincinnati, OH 2011, p. 16
from HSDB
11.7.8 Other Occupational Permissible Levels Emergency Response Planning Guidlines (ERPGs) for n-butyl acetate: ERPG
Maximum Airborne Concentration
ERPG-1: The maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to 1 hour without experiencing more than mild, transient adverse health effects or without perceiving a clearly defined objectionable odor.
5 ppm (Odor should be detectable near ERPG-1)
ERPG-2: The maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to 1 hour without experiencing or developing irreversible or other serious health effects or symptoms that could impair an individual's ability to take protective action.
200 ppm
ERPG-3: The maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to 1 hour without experiencing or developing life-threatening health effects.
3000 ppm (10 - 49% of the lower explosive limit of 20,000 ppm)
American Industrial Hygiene Association. 2011 Emergency Response Planning Guidelines (ERPG) Workplace Environmental Exposure Level (WEEL). American Industrial Hygiene Association Guideline Foundation. p.22 (Fairfax, Va 2011)
from HSDB Japan (1975): 200 ppm; West Germany (1976): 200 ppm; Sweden (1974): 150 ppm; USSR (1973): 40 ppm. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices. 5th ed. Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 1986., p. 72
from HSDB
11.7.9 Inhalation Risk A harmful contamination of the air will be reached rather slowly on evaporation of this substance at 20°C. from ILO-ICSC
11.7.10 Effects of Short Term Exposure The substance is irritating to the eyes and respiratory tract. The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system. Exposure far above the OEL could cause lowering of consciousness. from ILO-ICSC
11.7.11 Effects of Long Term Exposure The substance defats the skin, which may cause dryness or cracking. from ILO-ICSC
11.7.12 Personal Protection (See protection codes) Skin:Prevent skin contact Eyes:Prevent eye contact Wash skin:When contaminated Remove:When wet (flammable) Change:No recommendation from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
11.7.13 Respirator Recommendations
NIOSH/OSHA Up to 1500 ppm: (APF = 10) Any chemical cartridge respirator with organic vapor cartridge(s)* (APF = 10) Any supplied-air respirator* Up to 1700 ppm: (APF = 25) Any supplied-air respirator operated in a continuous-flow mode* (APF = 25) Any powered, air-purifying respirator with organic vapor cartridge(s)* (APF = 50) Any chemical cartridge respirator with a full facepiece and organic vapor cartridge(s) (APF = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front- or back-mounted organic vapor canister (APF = 50) Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece (APF = 50) Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece Emergency or planned entry into unknown concentrations or IDLH conditions: (APF = 10,000) Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode (APF = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained positivepressure breathing apparatus Escape: (APF = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front- or back-mounted organic vapor canister Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus Important additional information about respirator selection from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
11.7.14 Fire Prevention NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. from ILO-ICSC
11.7.15 Explosion Prevention Above 22°C use a closed system, ventilation and explosion-proof electrical equipment. from ILO-ICSC
11.7.16 Inhalation Prevention Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection. from ILO-ICSC
11.7.17 Skin Prevention Protective gloves. from ILO-ICSC
11.7.18 Eye Prevention Wear safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection. from ILO-ICSC
11.7.19 Ingestion Prevention Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work. from ILO-ICSC
11.7.20 Protective Equipment and Clothing Skin: Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. Eyes: Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. Wash skin: The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. Remove: Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard(i.e. for liquids with flash point < 100°F) Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the work shift. (NIOSH, 2016) from CAMEO Chemicals THEORY OF SOLVENT VAPOR ADSORPTION ON ACTIVATED CARBON IS DESCRIBED. CALCULATED & EXPTL CARTRIDGE SERVICE LIFE VALUES ARE COMPARED USING VARIOUS BREATHING RATES, RELATIVE HUMIDITIES, CONCN, & SOLVENT VAPORS. NELSON GO, CORREIA AN; J AM IND HYG ASSOC 37 (9): 514-25 (1976)
from HSDB All purpose canister mask, chemical safety goggles, rubber gloves. U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation. CHRIS - Hazardous Chemical Data. Volume II. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984-5.
from HSDB Protective clothing made from natural rubber, neoprene, nitrile rubber, or polyvinyl chloride: data suggest breakthrough times less (usually significantly less) than one hour reported by (normally) two or more testers. Protective clothing made from neoprene/natural rubber and polyethylene: some data (usually from immersion test) suggest breakthrough times greater than one hour are not likely. Protective clothing made from polyvinyl alcohol: data suggests breakthrough times of approximately an hour or more. ACGIH; Guidelines Select of Chem Protect Clothing Volume #1 Field Guide p.44 (1983)
from HSDB Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards & Other Databases CD-ROM. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2005-151 (2005)
from HSDB Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards & Other Databases CD-ROM. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2005-151 (2005)
from HSDB Respirator Recommendations: Up to 1500 ppm: Assigned Protection Factor (APF)
Respirator Recommendations
APF = 10
Any chemical cartridge respirator with organic vapor cartridge(s). Substance reported to cause eye irritation or damage; may require eye protection.
APF = 10
Any supplied-air respirator. Substance reported to cause eye irritation or damage; may require eye protection.
NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards & Other Databases CD-ROM. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2005-151 (2005)
from HSDB Respirator Recommendations: Up to 1700 ppm: Assigned Protection Factor (APF)
Respirator Recommendations
APF = 25
Any supplied-air respirator operated in a continuous-flow mode. Substance reported to cause eye irritation or damage; may require eye protection.
APF = 25
Any powered, air-purifying respirator with organic vapor cartridge(s). Substance reported to cause eye irritation or damage; may require eye protection.
APF = 50
Any chemical cartridge respirator with a full facepiece and organic vapor cartridge(s).
APF = 50
Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front- or back-mounted organic vapor canister.
APF = 50
Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece.
APF = 50
Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece.
NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards & Other Databases CD-ROM. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2005-151 (2005)
from HSDB Respirator Recommendations: Emergency or planned entry into unknown concentrations or IDLH conditions: Assigned Protection Factor (APF)
Respirator Recommendations
APF = 10,000
Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode.
APF = 10,000
Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary selfcontained positive-pressure breathing apparatus.
NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards & Other Databases CD-ROM. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2005-151 (2005)
from HSDB Respirator Recommendations: Escape: Assigned Protection Factor (APF)
Respirator Recommendations
APF = 50
Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front- or back-mounted organic vapor canister./Any appropriate escape-type, selfcontained breathing apparatus.
NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards & Other Databases CD-ROM. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2005-151 (2005)
from HSDB SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning. from HSDB
11.8 Stability and Reactivity 11.8.1 Air and Water Reactions Highly flammable. Very slightly soluble in water. from CAMEO Chemicals
11.8.2 Reactive Group Esters, Sulfate Esters, Phosphate Esters, Thiophosphate Esters, and Borate Esters from CAMEO Chemicals
11.8.3 Reactivity Alerts Highly Flammable from CAMEO Chemicals
11.8.4 Reactivity Profile BUTYL ACETATE is an ester. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides. Attacks many plastics. [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 233]. from CAMEO Chemicals
11.8.5 Reactivities and Incompatibilities Contact with nitrates, strong oxidizers, strong alkalies, and strong acids may cause fires and explosions. Mackison, F. W., R. S. Stricoff, and L. J. Partridge, Jr. (eds.). NIOSH/OSHA - Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards. DHHS(NIOSH) Publication No. 81-123 (3 VOLS). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, Jan. 1981., p. 2
from HSDB Ignites on contact with potassium tert-butoxide. Lewis, R.J. Sr. (ed) Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th Edition. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ. 2004., p. 600
from HSDB Nitrates; strong oxidizers, alkalis & acids. NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards & Other Databases CD-ROM. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2005-151 (2005)
from HSDB CHEMICAL PROFILE: Attacks many plastics. (Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 233) (REACTIVITY, 1999) from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB Nitrates; strong oxidizers, alkalis & acids from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
11.9 Transport Information 11.9.1 DOT Emergency Guidelines /GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. /Butyl acetates/ U.S. Department of Transportation. 2008 Emergency Response Guidebook. Washington, D.C. 2008
from HSDB /GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. /Butyl acetates/ U.S. Department of Transportation. 2008 Emergency Response Guidebook. Washington, D.C. 2008
from HSDB /GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering. /Butyl acetates/ U.S. Department of Transportation. 2008 Emergency Response Guidebook. Washington, D.C. 2008
from HSDB /GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. /Butyl acetates/ U.S. Department of Transportation. 2008 Emergency Response Guidebook. Washington, D.C. 2008
from HSDB /GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Evacuation: Large spill: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet). Fire: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. /Butyl acetates/ U.S. Department of Transportation. 2008 Emergency Response Guidebook. Washington, D.C. 2008
from HSDB /GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Fire: Caution: All these products have a very low flash point: Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient. Small fires: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. Do not use dry chemical extinguishers to control fires involving nitromethane or nitroethane. Large fires: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. Do not use straight streams. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Fire involving tanks or car/trailer loads: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. /Butyl acetates/ U.S. Department of Transportation. 2008 Emergency Response Guidebook. Washington, D.C. 2008
from HSDB /GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Spill or Leak: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material. Large spills: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor; but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. /Butyl acetates/ U.S. Department of Transportation. 2008 Emergency Response Guidebook. Washington, D.C. 2008
from HSDB /GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ First Aid: Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. Wash skin with soap and water. Keep victim warm and quiet. In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. /Butyl acetates/ U.S. Department of Transportation. 2008 Emergency Response Guidebook. Washington, D.C. 2008
from HSDB
11.9.2 Shipment Methods and Regulations No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./ 49 CFR 171.2; U.S. National Archives and Records Administration's Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Available from, as of November 22, 2011: http://www.ecfr.gov
from HSDB The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials. International Air Transport Association. Dangerous Goods Regulations. 47th Edition. Montreal, Quebec Canada. 2006., p. 154
from HSDB The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article. International Maritime Organization. International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code. London, UK. 2004., p. 47
from HSDB
11.9.3 DOT ID and Guide 1123 129 from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
11.9.4 DOT Label Flammable Liquid from CAMEO Chemicals
11.9.5 EC Classification R: 10-66-67; S: (2)-25; Note: 6 from ILO-ICSC
11.9.6 UN Classification UN Hazard Class: 3; UN Pack Group: II from ILO-ICSC
11.9.7 Emergency Response Transport Emergency Card: TEC (R)-30S1123-II. NFPA Code: H1; F3; R0. from ILO-ICSC
11.10 Regulatory Information 11.10.1 DOT Emergency Response Guide 129 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar / Water-Miscible / Noxious) POTENTIAL HAZARDS FIRE OR EXPLOSION * HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. * Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. * Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. * Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). * Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. * Those substances designated with a "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. * Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. * Containers may explode when heated. * Many liquids are lighter than water. HEALTH * May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. * Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. * Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. * Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. * Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. PUBLIC SAFETY * CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. * As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. * Keep unauthorized personnel away. * Stay upwind. * Keep out of low areas. * Ventilate closed spaces before entering. PROTECTIVE CLOTHING * Wear positive pressure selfcontained breathing apparatus (SCBA). * Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. EVACUATION Large Spill * Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet). Fire * If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. EMERGENCY RESPONSE FIRE CAUTION: All these products have a very low flash point: Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient. Small Fire * Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. * Do not use dry chemical extinguishers to control fires involving nitromethane or nitroethane. Large Fire * Water spray, fog or alcoholresistant foam. * Do not use straight streams. * Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Fire involving Tanks or Car/Trailer Loads * Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. * Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. * Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. * ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. * For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. SPILL OR LEAK * ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). * All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. * Do not touch or walk through spilled material. * Stop leak if you can do it without risk. * Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. * A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. * Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. * Use clean non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material. Large
Spill * Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. * Water spray may reduce vapor; but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. FIRST AID * Move victim to fresh air. * Call 911 or emergency medical service. * Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. * Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. * Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. * In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. * Wash skin with soap and water. * In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin. * Keep victim warm and quiet. * Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. * Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. from OSHA Occupational Chemical DB
11.10.2 State Drinking Water Guidelines (FL) FLORIDA 2,500 ug/l USEPA/Office of Water; Federal-State Toxicology and Risk Analysis Committee (FSTRAC). Summary of State and Federal Drinking Water Standards and Guidelines (11/93) To Present
from HSDB
11.10.3 Clean Water Act Requirements Butyl acetate is designated as a hazardous substance under section 311(b)(2)(A) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and further regulated by the Clean Water Act Amendments of 1977 and 1978. These regulations apply to discharges of this substance. This designation includes any isomers and hydrates, as well as any solutions and mixtures containing this substance. 40 CFR 116.4 (USEPA); U.S. National Archives and Records Administration's Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Available from, as of October 18, 2011: http://www.ecfr.gov
from HSDB
11.10.4 CERCLA Reportable Quantities Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 5000 lb or 2270 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b). 40 CFR 302.4 (USEPA); U.S. National Archives and Records Administration's Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Available from, as of October 18, 2011: http://www.ecfr.gov
from HSDB
11.10.5 TSCA Requirements A testing consent order is in effect for n-butyl acetate for health effects testing. FR citation: 1/23/95. 40 CFR 799.5000 (USEPA); U.S. National Archives and Records Administration's Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Available from, as of October 18, 2011: http://www.ecfr.gov
from HSDB
11.10.6 FDA Requirements n-Butyl acetate is an indirect food additive for use only as a component of adhesives. 21 CFR 175.105 (USFDA); U.S. National Archives and Records Administration's Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Available from, as of October 18, 2011: http://www.ecfr.gov
from HSDB n-Butyl acetate is a food additive permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption as a synthetic flavoring substance and adjuvant in accordance with the following conditions: a) they are used in the minimum quantity required to produce their intended effect, and otherwise in accordance with all the principles of good manufacturing practice, and 2) they consist of one or more of the following, used alone or in combination with flavoring substances and adjuvants generally recognized as safe in food, prior-sanctioned for such use, or regulated by an appropriate section in this part. 21 CFR 172.515 (USFDA); U.S. National Archives and Records Administration's Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Available from, as of October 18, 2011: http://www.ecfr.gov
from HSDB
11.11 Other Safety Information
11.11.1 Toxic Combustion Products Toxic vapors and gases (such as carbon monoxide) may be released in a fire involving butyl acetate. Mackison, F. W., R. S. Stricoff, and L. J. Partridge, Jr. (eds.). NIOSH/OSHA - Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards. DHHS(NIOSH) Publication No. 81-123 (3 VOLS). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, Jan. 1981., p. 2
from HSDB
12 Toxicity 12.1 Toxicological Information 12.1.1 NIOSH Toxicity Data Download 1 to 5 of 38
View More
Measurement
System
Route/Organism
Dose
Effect
Date
Skin and Eye Irritation
eye /human
300 ppm
Skin and Eye Irritation
eye /rabbit
100 mg
moderate
October 2014
Skin and Eye Irritation
skin /rabbit
500 mg/24H
moderate
October 2014
October 2014
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive Effects
inhalation/rat
1500 ppm/7H (7-16D pregnant)
October 2014 Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system
Reproductive Effects
inhalation/rat
1500 ppm (6-20D pregnant)
Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) October 2014 from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
12.1.2 Exposure Routes The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour. from ILO-ICSC inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
12.1.3 Symptoms irritation eyes, skin, upper respiratory system; headache, drowsiness, narcosis from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
12.1.4 Inhalation Symptoms Cough. Sore throat. Dizziness. Headache. from ILO-ICSC
12.1.5 Skin Symptoms Dry skin. from ILO-ICSC
12.1.6 Eye Symptoms Redness. Pain. from ILO-ICSC
12.1.7 Ingestion Symptoms Nausea. from ILO-ICSC
12.1.8 Target Organs Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system from The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH
12.1.9 Interactions BUTYL ACETATE (210 MG/CU M) INHALED 5 HR DAILY FOR 4 MONTHS DECR SERUM ALBUMIN & INCR SERUM BETA- AND GAMMA-GLOBULIN & BETA-LIPOPROTEIN LEVELS IN RATS. MULTIVITAMIN COMPLEXES, 4-METHYLURACIL, OR POTASSIUM OROTATE ADDED TO THE FOOD OF RATS DURING INHALATION NORMALIZED THE LIPID & PROTEIN METABOLIC INDEXES, WITH 4-METHYLURACIL THE MOST EFFECTIVE. MAKSHANOVA EI ET AL; ZDRAVOOKHR BELORUSS 4: 81-2 (1977)
from HSDB Reports from Scandinavia have suggested behavioral impairment among long term workers exposed to solvents below regulatory standards. A cross sectional study of behavioral performance was conducted among printers and spray painters exposed to mixtures of organic solvents to replicate the Scandinavian studies and to examine dose-response relationships. Eligible subjects consisted of 640 hourly workers from four midwestern United States companies. Of these, 269 responded to requests to participate and 240 were selected for study based on restrictions for age, sex, education, and other potentially confounding variables. The subjects tested had been employed an average of six years. Each subject completed an occuptional history, underwent a medical examination, and completed ... the Fitts law psychomotor task, the Stroop color-word test, the Sternberg short term memory scanning test, the short term memory span test, and the continuous recognition memory test. Solvent exposure for each subject was defined as (1) an exposed or non-exposed category based on a plant industrial hygiene walk-through and (2) the concentration of solvents based on an analysis of full shift personal air samples by gas chromatography. ... The average full shift solvent concentration was 302 ppm for the printing plant workers and 6-13 ppm for the workers at other plants. Isopropanol and hexane were the major components, compared with toluene in Scandinavian studies. ... No significant (p> 0.05) relation between solvent concn and impairment of any of the 10 behavioral variables. Exposed/non-exposed comparisons showed a significantly poorer digit span among those exposed, but this has not been generally reported in the Scandinavian studies. The medical examination showed no abnormalities of clinical significance. ...[Maizlish NA et al; Br J Ind Med 42 (9): 579-590 (1985)] Full text: PMC1007539 Abstract: PubMed from HSDB ... the developmental toxic potential ... was examined in Sprague-Dawley rats following whole body inhalation exposure, 6 hr /per/ day, from day 6 to 20 of gestation... the developmental toxic effects of simultaneous exposures to ethylbenzene (EB) and /n-butyl acetate/ BA, or to toluene (TOL) and BA were evaluated. Pregnant rats were administered EB (0, 250 or 1000 ppm) and BA (0, 500 or 1500 ppm), or TOL (0, 500 or 1500 ppm) and BA (0, 500, 1500 ppm), separately and in combinations, using a 2 x 2 factorial design. The maternal weight gain was reduced after exposure to 1000 ppm EB, to 1500 ppm BA, or to 1500 ppm TOL, either alone or in binary combinations. A significant reduction of fetal weight was associated with exposure to 1000 ppm EB alone, to either mixtures of EB with BA, or to 1500 ppm TOL alone or combined with BA at either concentration. No embryolethal or teratogenic effects were observed whatever the exposure. There was no evidence of interaction between EB and BA or between TOL and BA in causing maternal or developmental effects. Abstract: PubMed Saillenfait AM, et al; J Appl Toxicol 27 (1): 32-42 (2007)
from HSDB
12.1.10 Antidote and Emergency Treatment Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward
or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Esters and related compounds/ Currance, P.L. Clements, B., Bronstein, A.C. (Eds).; Emergency Care For Hazardous Materials Exposure. 3Rd edition, Elsevier Mosby, St. Louis, MO 2005, p. 253
from HSDB Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Provide a low-stimulus environment. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Treat frostbite by rapid rewarming ... . /Esters and related compounds/ Currance, P.L. Clements, B., Bronstein, A.C. (Eds).; Emergency Care For Hazardous Materials Exposure. 3Rd edition, Elsevier Mosby, St. Louis, MO 2005, p. 253
from HSDB Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Esters and related compounds/ Currance, P.L. Clements, B., Bronstein, A.C. (Eds).; Emergency Care For Hazardous Materials Exposure. 3Rd edition, Elsevier Mosby, St. Louis, MO 2005, p. 254
from HSDB
12.1.11 Medical Surveillance Consider initial effects on skin and resp tract in any placement or periodical exam, as well as liver and kidney function. Sittig, M. Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, 1985. 2nd ed. Park Ridge, NJ: Noyes Data Corporation, 1985., p. 157
from HSDB
12.1.12 Human Toxicity Excerpts /HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ No evidence of irritation or sensitization was reported in unpublished studies involving repeated insult patch tests with n-butyl acetate (4% in petrolatum) or as a nail enamel containing 25.5% n-butyl acetate on the skin of groups of (10-55) volunteers. ... International Programme on Chemical Safety; Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 64 Butyl Acetates (2005). Available from, as of October 31, 2011: http://www.inchem.org/pages/cicads.html
from HSDB /HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ When volunteers were exposed to n-butyl acetate, most of them reported that 3 to 5 min of exposure to 970 mg/cu m was irritating to the throat and that 1450 mg/cu m was irritating to the nose and eyes as well. In a later study, volunteers were exposed to 70, 350, 1050 or 1400 mg/cu m for 20 min or to 70 or 700 mg/cu m for 4 hr. The highest concentrations caused minimal irritation of eyes and respiratory passages. A worker in penicillin production developed eczema on the hands, arms and face, and had a positive reaction to a patch test with n-butyl acetate (5% in olive oil). This study also included a control group of 36 patients, all of whom tested negative. In sensitization studies with human subjects, n-butyl acetate (4 or 10% in petroleum jelly) was reported to cause no irritation or sensitization. ... Criteria Group for Occupational Standards National Institute for Working Life; Scientific Basis for Swedish Occupational Standards XIX, Consensus report for Butyl Acetates, p.23 (1998). Available from, as of October 27, 2011: http://www.inchem.org/documents/kemi/kemi/ah1998_25.pdf
from HSDB /HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ... THROAT IRRITATION IN HUMAN SUBJECTS AT 200 PPM ... BECAME QUITE SEVERE AT 300 PPM. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Inc. Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices. 6th ed. Volumes I, II, III. Cincinnati, OH: ACGIH, 1991., p. 164
from HSDB /HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ INHALATION OF PAINT THINNER CONTAINING ACETATE ESTERS INCL BUTYL ACETATE CAUSED DRUNKENNESS AND HALLUCINATION IN HUMAN SUBJECTS. BLOOD CHEMISTRY WAS PERFORMED ON WORKERS WHO WERE EXPOSED TO VARIETY OF FAT SOLVENTS, INCL BUTYL ACETATE. NORMOCYTIC NORMOCHROMIC ANEMIA OCCURRED AND WAS ATTRIBUTED TO BUTYL ACETATE AND BUTYL ALCOHOL; PLASMA BICARBONATE WAS ALSO LOWERED BECAUSE OF LIBERATION OF ACETIC ACID. OPDYKE DLJ; FOOD COSMET TOXICOL 17: 515 (1979)
from HSDB /HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ BEHAVIORAL FUNCTIONAL TESTS ON WORKERS OCCUPATIONALLY EXPOSED TO MIXT OF SOLVENTS INDICATED SIGNIFICANT IMPAIRMENT OF PERFORMANCES. CONCN OF INDIVIDUAL SOLVENTS DID NOT EXCEED TLV. BINASCHI S ET AL; ADVERSE EFF ENVIRON CHEM PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS 2: 91-8 (1976)
from HSDB /HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ The serum activities of the liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, ornithine carbamyl transferase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase were examined in 47 paint industry workers and unexposed age matched referents. The workers were exposed to a mixture of industrial solvents /including n-butyl acetate/, of which xylene was the main component in most cases. The median total exposure was about 50% of Swedish 1981 threshold limit values according to measurements of individual solvent exposure performed at the same time. No differences in enzyme activities were shown either when the whole exposed and referent groups were compared or when the five workers with outstanding solvent exposures of five times the TLV or more were compared with their referents. It is concluded that in most workers the liver seems to remain largely undamaged from inhalation exposure to a commonly used mixture of non-chlorinated solvents. In many workers this seems to hold true even for high exposures for limited periods.[Lundberg I, Hakansson M; Br J Ind Med 42 (9): 596-600 (1985)] Full text: PMC1007541 Abstract: PubMed from HSDB /HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ The irritation produced by acute exposure to n-butyl acetate in human subjects without any history of occupational solvent exposure was studied in three experiments. Exposure levels tested in the different experiments were 350, 700, 1,050, and 1,400 mg/m in 20 min sessions, 70 and 1,400 mg/cu m in 20 min sessions, and 70 and 700 mg/cu m in 4 hr sessions. Rating scales, various measures of eye irritation, and pulmonary functions were used to evaluate the irritation, and pulmonary functions were used to evaluate the irritation produced by the exposures in different parts of the study. The results indicate only very slight irritation from the exposures as revealed by categorical ratings, magnitude estimation, and some of the clinical measures of eye irritation and pulmonary functions, such as eye redness, lipid layer thickness, and bronchial responsiveness. These essentially negative results indicate the need to explore and develop the utility of new/different methods of quantifying irritative effects of exposure to various substances. Abstract: PubMed Iregren A et al; American Journal of Industrial Medicine 24(6): 727-742 (1993)
from HSDB /SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ IT HAS NO NOTABLE SYSTEMIC TOXICITY TO THE EYES, BUT ITS VAPOR CAUSES IRRITATION OF EYES & NOSE, FIRST NOTICEABLE TO HUMAN ... AT CONCN OF 300 PPM IN AIR, & OBJECTIONABLE AT 3300 PPM; HIGHER CONCN CAUSE TEARING & HYPEREMIA OF CONJUNCTIVA ... A REPORT OF SEVERAL CASES OF VACUOLAR KERATITIS AMONG WORKERS EXPOSED TO A MIXTURE OF VAPORS OF BUTYL ACETATE AND ISOBUTYL ALCOHOL /IT IS UNCERTAIN WHICH CMPD IS RESPONSIBLE/. Grant, W.M. Toxicology of the Eye. 3rd ed. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publisher, 1986., p. 163
from HSDB /SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ SYMPTOMS FOLLOWING EXPOSURE: SKIN: PROLONGED OR FREQUENTLY REPEATED EXPOSURE MAY LEAD TO DRYING; INHALATION: HEADACHES, DIZZINESS, NAUSEA, IRRITATION OF RESPIRATORY PASSAGES AND EYES. U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation. CHRIS - Hazardous Chemical Data. Volume II. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984-5.
from HSDB /SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ In man, exposures to concentrations of 200-300 ppm cause slight irritation of the eyes and nose and short exposure to a concentration of 3300 ppm causes extreme irritation of the eyes and nose. Normal occupational exposure, however, does not produce lesions of the eyes or respiratory tract or systemic affections; cases reported appear to have been due to other solvents used with butyl acetate. International Labour Office. Encyclopedia of Occupational Health and Safety. Vols. I&II. Geneva, Switzerland: International Labour Office, 1983., p. 783
from HSDB /SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Humans exposed to 3300 ppm in 16 mg/L n-butyl acetate for a brief time were affected by a marked irritation to eyes and nose. /From table/ Clayton, G.D., F.E. Clayton (eds.) Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Volumes 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F: Toxicology. 4th ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1993-1994., p. 2982
from HSDB /SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Overexposure to butyl acetate may cause irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat. Severe overexposure may cause weakness, drowsiness, and unconsciousness. Prolonged overexposure may produce irritation of the skin. Mackison, F. W., R. S. Stricoff, and L. J. Partridge, Jr. (eds.). NIOSH/OSHA - Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards. DHHS(NIOSH) Publication No. 81-123 (3 VOLS). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, Jan. 1981., p. 1
from HSDB
/CASE REPORTS/ A worker in a penicillin factory who developed allergic contact dermatitis (eczema of the hands, arms, and face) gave a positive reaction to "butyl acetate" (presumably the nisomer) when patch-tested at 5% in olive oil. International Programme on Chemical Safety; Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 64 Butyl Acetates (2005). Available from, as of October 31, 2011: http://www.inchem.org/pages/cicads.html
from HSDB /CASE REPORTS/ PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURING WORKER DEVELOPED DERMATITIS FROM BUTYL ACETATE PRESUMABLY BECAUSE OF ITS ATTACK ON PVC GLOVES. ROED-PETERSON J; CONTACT DERMATITIS 6 (1): 55 (1980)
from HSDB /CASE REPORTS/ ... A 43-year-old Caucasian American man, previously in good health, used a domestic aerosol product called 'Stand N' Seal "Spray-On" Grout Sealer' in an enclosed room in his house. The product contained n-butyl acetate (<5%), propane (10%), isobutane (<5%), C8-C9 petroleum hydrocarbon solvent (80%), a fluoropolymer resin and a solvent. Within a few hours of exposure to the sealant, he developed rapidly progressive shortness of breath and a severe non-productive cough. By the time he reached the emergency room he was severely hypoxic. A diagnosis of chemical pneumonitis was made based on the clinical scenario and the diffuse infiltrates on the computer tomography scan. With supportive therapy, his condition improved and he was discharged from the hospital. However, he continued to have symptoms of intermittent cough and shortness of breath in response to strong odours, fumes, cold air and exertion even after his chest radiograph had normalized. Three months later, bronchial hyper-responsiveness was documented by a methacholine inhalation test and a diagnosis of reactive airways dysfunction syndrome was made. The patient was started on high-dose inhaled steroids and his symptoms improved. The mechanism of toxicity and determination of the exact agent responsible is still under investigation ... Khalid I et al; J Med Case Reports 3: 112 (2009)
from HSDB /EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDIES/ Risk of spontaneous abortion (SAB) was examined in relation to chemical and physical agents in a retrospective study of employees of 14 semiconductor manufacturers: After screening over 6,000 employees, 506 current and 385 former workers were eligible. If a woman had multiple eligible pregnancies, one was selected at random. Telephone interviews provided data on demographics and occupational and other exposures during the first trimester. Two groups of chemicals accounted for the 45% excess risk of spontaneous abortion among fabrication-room (fab) workers: photoresist and developed solvents (PDS), including glycol ethers, and fluoride compounds used in etching. Women exposed to high levels of both these agents were at greater risk (RR = 3.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.55-1.69). In fab workers without these exposures, spontaneous abortion rates were not elevated (adjusted relative risk (RR) = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.55-1.69). An association was seen with workplace stress, which was not limited to women exposed to PDS or fluoride, nor did stress explain the associations between these chemicals and spontaneous abortions. Abstract: PubMed Swan SH et al; Am J Ind Med. 28 (6): 751-69 (1995)
from HSDB
12.1.13 Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Slight irritation was observed when 0.1 mL of n-butyl acetate (99% purity) was instilled into the conjunctival sac of four rabbits for 24 hr. A maximum Draize score of 7.5 (out of a possible total of 110) was recorded; scores at 48 hr, 72 hr, and 7 days were 2.0, 2.0, and 0.5, respectively. In a similar study, iritis and minor to moderate conjunctivitis (both of which had healed within 48 hr), but no corneal damage, were observed when 0.1 mL was instilled into the eyes of six rabbits. A maximum Draize score of 14.7/110 (occurring at 4 hr) was recorded. ... International Programme on Chemical Safety; Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 64 Butyl Acetates (2005). Available from, as of October 31, 2011: http://www.inchem.org/pages/cicads.html
from HSDB /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ ... In the maximization test, 15 Hartley strain guinea-pigs were each given intradermal injections of n-butyl acetate together with an adjuvant, followed 7 days later with a 48 hr covered patch. A challenge patch (24 hr covered contact) was applied 7 days after this induction regimen. ... /n-Butyl acetate showed no sensitization potential when tested in a maximization test using guinea-pigs. .../ International Programme on Chemical Safety; Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 64 Butyl Acetates (2005). Available from, as of October 27, 2011: http://www.inchem.org/pages/cicads.html
from HSDB /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Following 24 hr application of 0.01 mL of the neat material to the clipped skin of five albino rabbits, n-butyl acetate was at most only slightly irritating. When 0.5 mL was applied to the clipped intact dorsal skin of New Zealand White rabbits (n = 5) under gauze patches and loosely covered with impervious sheeting for 4 hr, no irritation was observed over an observation period of 14 days. Severe irritation occurred, however, if the occlusion period was 24 hr. International Programme on Chemical Safety; Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 64 Butyl Acetates (2005). Available from, as of October 27, 2011: http://www.inchem.org/pages/cicads.html
from HSDB /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ ... SLIGHT NARCOTIC EFFECTS, IRRITATION OF EYES, AND SALIVATION WERE NOTED IN CATS EXPOSED FOR SIX HR AT 6100 PPM. ANIMALS EXPOSED SIX HR A DAY FOR SIX DAYS AT 3100 PPM SHOWED BLOOD CHANGES. SIMILAR EXPOSURES AT 4200 PPM RESULTED IN SLIGHT IRRITATION OF RESP PASSAGES. ... AIR NEARLY SATURATED WITH N-BUTYL ACETATE (APPROX CONCN 10,000 PPM) WAS FATAL TO ... SIX RATS IN EIGHT HR, BUT CAUSED NO DEATHS IN FOUR HR. ... GUINEA PIGS SHOWED EYE IRRITATION AT 3300 PPM, BECAME UNCONSCIOUS AFTER NINE HR AT 7000 PPM & DIED FOLLOWING FOUR HR IN 14,000 PPM AT 30 DEG C. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Inc. Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices. 6th ed. Volumes I, II, III. Cincinnati, OH: ACGIH, 1991., p. 164
from HSDB /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ MOUSE RESPONSE TO INHALATION OF N-BUTYL ACETATE AT CONCN OF 7400 PPM (35 MG/L) FOR THREE HR RESULTED IN ... /CNS DEPRESSION/ AND RECOVERY. /FROM TABLE/ Clayton, G.D., F.E. Clayton (eds.) Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Volumes 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F: Toxicology. 4th ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1993-1994., p. 2982
from HSDB /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Cats exposed to 17,500 ppm n-butyl acetate in 83 mg/L for 30 min developed /SRP: CNS depression/, lethal to some. /From table/ Clayton, G.D., F.E. Clayton (eds.) Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Volumes 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F: Toxicology. 4th ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1993-1994., p. 2982
from HSDB /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Guinea pig exposed to 14000 ppm n-butyl acetate in 66 mg/L for 4 hr developed eye irritation, /SRP: CNS depression/, lethal/. /From table/ Clayton, G.D., F.E. Clayton (eds.) Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Volumes 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F: Toxicology. 4th ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1993-1994., p. 2982
from HSDB /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Guinea pig exposed to 7000 ppm n-butyl acetate in 33 mg/L for 13 hr developed eye irritation, /SRP: deep CNS depression/, recovery/. /From table/ Clayton, G.D., F.E. Clayton (eds.) Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Volumes 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F: Toxicology. 4th ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1993-1994., p. 2982
from HSDB /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ In an inhalation study with exposure for 13-14 weeks, ... groups of 15 male and 15 female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to /n-butyl acetate at/ target vapor concentrations of approximately 0, 2400, 7200, or 14000 mg/cu m, 6 hr/day, 5 days/week. On day 30, five animals per sex per group were killed for clinical pathology. There was no compound-related mortality in any of the groups. In the 14000 mg/cu m group, all animals showed slightly reduced activity (defined as less movement, decreased alertness, and slower response to tapping on the chamber wall in comparison with control animals). Occasionally, signs of sialorrhea and red discoloration of the chin hair were observed. Mean body weights and food intake were generally lower than those of the control animals throughout the study. At the end of the study, weight gains for males and females were lower than those of controls by 38% and 22%, respectively. There were no treatment-related ophthalmological changes or adverse effects on hematology or clinical chemistry parameters. Organ weight changes included decreased absolute liver and kidney weights, decreased absolute and relative spleen weights (males), and increased relative adrenal and lung weights (males). There were also decreased absolute (males) and relative brain weights and increased relative testes weight. On gross and microscopic examination, lesions found were limited to the stomach (minimal hemorrhage in the glandular gastric mucosa in 2/10 females; minimal white discoloration in the non-glandular gastric mucosa in 1/10 females; minimal to mild inflammatory and degenerative lesions of stomach mucosa in 3/10 females) and the nasal passages (olfactory epithelial necrosis of mild to moderate severity in all males and females). At 7200 mg/cu m, all animals exhibited slightly reduced activity. Mean body weights were lower at week 6 onwards for males and at week 2 onwards for females. Overall, weight gains were approximately 20-30% lower than those for controls. Food intake was generally lower throughout the study. There were no effects on ophthalmology, hematology, or clinical chemistry parameters. Organ weight changes observed included decreased absolute spleen, liver, and (in females) kidney weights and (in females) increased relative adrenal and brain weights. Males also had an increased relative testes weight. On microscopic examination, histological lesions in the nasal passages consisting of olfactory epithelial necrosis, of minimal to mild extent, in 4 of 10 male animals and in 3 of 10 female animals were observed. No treatment-related effects were observed in the 2400 mg/cu m exposure group. Although numbers of epididymal sperm for all treated groups were lower than controls, the changes were not statistically significant, testicular sperm counts were unchanged, and no dose-response was observed. A NOAEC was therefore considered to be 2400 mg/cu m. International Programme on Chemical Safety; Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 64 Butyl Acetates (2005). Available from, as of October 27, 2011: http://www.inchem.org/pages/cicads.html
from HSDB /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ EXPOSURE OF ALBINO RABBITS TO 500 PPM FOR 20 DAYS AND TO 1000 PPM FOR FOUR DAYS ... CAUSED NO CORNEAL OR CONJUNCTIVAL INJURY DETECTABLE BY SLIT-LAMP BIOMICROSCOPY, & CORNEAL SENSATION WAS NOT ALTERED. RESULTS OF ... TESTS OF BUTYL ACETATE VAPOR ON ANIMAL EYES HAVE BEEN COMPLICATED BY AN ADMIXTURE OF BUTYL ALCOHOL ... IT IS UNCERTAIN WHETHER DAMAGE TO THE CORNEAL EPITHELIUM REPORTED TO OCCUR AT HIGH CONCN WAS CAUSED BY BUTYL ACETATE OR BUTYL ALCOHOL ... Grant, W.M. Toxicology of the Eye. 3rd ed. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publisher, 1986., p. 163
from HSDB /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ WITH REPEATED INHALATION OF 3100-4200 PPM 6 HR A DAY FOR 6 DAYS, MICE BECAME HABITUATED TO THE IRRITATION BUT SHOWED SOME FATIGUE AND LOSS OF WEIGHT ... BLOOD PICTURE SHOWED AN INCR IN FORMED ELEMENTS AND HEMOGLOBIN ...
Browning, E. Toxicity and Metabolism of Industrial Solvents. New York: American Elsevier, 1965., p. 531
from HSDB /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ BUTYL ACETATE (210 MG/CU M) INHALED 5 HR DAILY FOR 4 MONTHS DECR SERUM ALBUMIN AND INCR SERUM BETA- AND GAMMA-GLOBULIN AND BETA-LIPOPROTEIN LEVELS IN RATS. MAKSHANOVA EI ET AL; ZDRAVOOKHR BELORUSS 4: 81-2 (1977)
from HSDB /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ Cats exposed to 4200 ppm n-butyl acetate in 20 mg/L for 6 hr/6 days developed weakness, loss of weight, minor blood changes. /From table/ Clayton, G.D., F.E. Clayton (eds.) Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Volumes 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F: Toxicology. 4th ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1993-1994., p. 2982
from HSDB /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ The subchronic toxicity of n-butyl acetate (nBA), a common industrial solvent, was tested in rats in a 13-week inhalation study. Male and female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were exposed to concentrations of 0, 500, 1500 or 3000 ppm nBA for 6 hr per day, 5 days per week for 13 consecutive weeks. Transient signs of sedation were observed only during exposure to the 1500 and 3000 ppm concentrations. Body weights for the 1500 and 3000 ppm groups were significantly reduced. Feed consumption values for the 1500 and 3000 ppm groups were significantly lower than the control group. Weights of the liver, kidneys and spleen were significantly lower for the 3000 ppm male group; testes and adrenal gland weights for the 1500 and 3000 ppm groups and the lung weight for the 3000 ppm male group were significantly higher than for the control group. Signs of irritation of the glandular stomach and necrosis in the non-glandular stomach were observed in 3000 ppm female rats. Degeneration of the olfactory epithelium along the dorsal medial meatus and ethmoturbinates of the nasal passages of some 1500 and all 3000 ppm rats was also seen. The severity was mild to moderate for the 3000 ppm group and minimal to mild for the 1500 ppm group. No effects were observed in the lungs of any group. The no-observed-effect level (NOEL) for this study is considered to be 500 ppm. The data presented here are relevant to the toxicity risk assessment of n-butanol due to the rapid hydrolysis of nBA in vivo. Abstract: PubMed David RM et al; Food Chem Toxicol 39 (8): 877-86 (2001)
from HSDB /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Developmental or Reproductive Toxicity/ Groups of 21-25 female New Zealand White rabbits were exposed to n-butyl acetate at 0 or 7260 mg/cu m, 7 hr/day, on days 7-19 or 1-19 of pregnancy. There was no effect on maternal body weights, but absolute organ weights (kidney, spleen, lung) were statistically significantly increased in treated animals. Increased incidences of minor developmental effects, including retinal folds (P = 0.04), misaligned sternebrae (P = 0.04), and morphological variations in the gall-bladder (P = 0.05), were noted in the fetuses of animals treated on days 1-19. International Programme on Chemical Safety; Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 64 Butyl Acetates (2005). Available from, as of October 27, 2011: http://www.inchem.org/pages/cicads.html
from HSDB /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Developmental or Reproductive Toxicity/ In Sprague-Dawley rats, groups of 37-42 were exposed to 0 or 7260 mg/cu m, 7 hr/day, during gestation days 7-16, during gestation days 1-16, or pregestationally for 3 weeks (5 days/week) and subsequently during gestation days 1-16. The animals of all groups were mated with unexposed males. /Mating and reproductive performance (pregnancy rates, numbers of corpora lutea, implantation sites, resorptions, live fetuses per litter) were not affected in ... groups ... exposed to 0 or 7260 mg/cu m for 3 weeks (5 days/week) prior to mating. .../ During exposure, a statistically significant decrease in food intake was observed in all groups. Maternal toxicity, including decreased body weight (P < 0.01), decreased absolute liver weight (P = 0.01), and increased relative kidney and lung weights (P = 0.03 and 0.01, respectively), was observed in all treated groups. Signs of minor developmental toxicity were observed. In all treated groups, fetal growth (body weight, crown-rump length) was statistically significantly reduced. Increased incidences of rib dysmorphology and reduced pelvic ossification were observed in the groups exposed during days 7-16 (P = 0.05 and 0.08, respectively) or 1-16 (P = 0.07 and 0.002, respectively). In addition, there was an increased incidence of hydroureter in the group exposed pregestationally and on days 1-16 (P = 0.05). International Programme on Chemical Safety; Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 64 Butyl Acetates (2005). Available from, as of October 27, 2011: http://www.inchem.org/pages/cicads.html
from HSDB /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Developmental or Reproductive Toxicity/ ...BUTYL ACETATE /WAS/ EMBRYOTOXIC WHEN ADMIN IP TO DBA OR C57BL PREGNANT MICE. SCHEUFLER H; BIOL RUNDSCH 14 (4): 227-9 (1976)
from HSDB /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Developmental or Reproductive Toxicity/ ... CHICKEN EGGS WERE STUDIED FOR TERATOGENIC EFFECTS. WHEN INJECTED WITH DOSE OF 45 MG, EGGS DID NOT HATCH. WHEN 27 MG/EGG WAS INJECTED, 45% HATCHED & WITH 9 MG, 60% HATCHED. KIDNEY DAMAGE & CORNEAL LESIONS WERE OBSERVED IN THE CHICK EMBRYOS. OPDYKE DLJ; FOOD COSMET TOXICOL 17: 515-9 (1979)
from HSDB
/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Developmental or Reproductive Toxicity/ This study investigated the potential adverse effects of tert-butyl acetate (TBAc) on maternal toxicity and embryo-fetal development after maternal exposure of pregnant rats from gestational days 6 through 19. TBAc was administered to pregnant rats by gavage at 0, 400, 800, and 1,600 mg/kg/day. All dams were subjected to a Cesarean section on day 20 of gestation, and their fetuses were examined for any morphological abnormalities. At 1,600 mg/kg, maternal toxicity manifested as increases in the incidence of clinical signs and death, lower body weight gain and food intake, increases in the weights of adrenal glands and liver, and a decrease in thymus weight. Developmental toxicity included a decrease in fetal weight, an increase in the incidence of skeletal variation, and a delay in fetal ossification. At 800 mg/kg, only a minimal developmental toxicity, including an increase in the incidence of skeletal variation and a delay in fetal ossification, were observed. In contrast, no adverse maternal or developmental effects were observed at 400 mg/kg. These results show that a 14-day repeated oral dose of TBAc is embryotoxic at a maternally toxic dose (i.e., 1,600 mg/kg/day) and is minimally embryotoxic at a nonmaternally toxic dose (i.e., 800 mg/kg/day) in rats. However, no evidence for the teratogenicity of TBAc was noted in rats. It is concluded that the developmental findings observed in the present study are secondary effects to maternal toxicity. Under these experimental conditions, the no-observed-adverse-effect level of TBAc is considered to be 800 mg/kg/day for dams and 400 mg/kg/day for embryo-fetal development. Abstract: PubMed Yang YS et al; Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol 80 (5): 374-82 (2007)
from HSDB /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Developmental or Reproductive Toxicity/ ... the developmental toxic potential of n-butyl acetate (BA) was examined in Sprague-Dawley rats following whole body inhalation exposure, 6 hr /per/ day, from day 6 to 20 of gestation, at concentrations of 0, 500, 1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm. Maternal toxicity was evidenced by significant decreases in body weight gain at 2000 and 3000 ppm, and by reduced food consumption at 1000 ppm and higher concentrations. The effects on prenatal development were limited to a significant decrease in fetal weight at 3000 ppm. Thus, inhaled BA was not a selective developmental toxicant. Abstract: PubMed Saillenfait AM, et al; J Appl Toxicol 27 (1): 32-42 (2007)
from HSDB /BEHAVIORAL STUDIES/ The effects of combined exposure to n-butyl alcohol and n-butyl acetate on rotarod performance and hot plate behavior in rats and respiratory rate in mice were investigated in the condition of an acute inhalation experiment. Rotarod performance and hot-plate behavior were tested in rats exposed to various concentrations of n-butyl alcohol, n-butyl acetate and their mixture consisting of 50 vol-% n-butyl alcohol and 50 vol-% n-butyl acetate immediately after termination of a 4 hr exposure period. The respiratory rate in mice was recorded continuously before the exposure to solvents, during 6 min of exposure and 6 min after termination of exposure using whole body plethysmographic method. Mice were exposed to vapors of single solvents and their 50:50 vol-% mixture. Both solvents and their mixture caused concentration-dependent disturbances of rotarod performance in rat. The medial effective concentration (EC50) for the effect amounted to 7559 ppm, 8339 ppm, and 10,672 ppm for n-butyl alcohol, n-butyl acetate and their mixture, respectively. Both solvents and their mixture decreased sensitivity to the pain and changes were concentration -dependent. In condition of combined exposure the results obtained in rotarod and hot-plate behavior test indicate the summation of individual solvent effects. The tested solvents resulted in concentration-dependent decrease in respiratory rate in mice. n-Butyl alcohol produced maximal decrease in respiratory rate in the first minute of exposure whereas n-butyl acetate in the sixth minute. Korsak Z and Rydzy'nski K; Int Journal of Occup Med Environ Health 9(3): 273-80 (1994)
from HSDB /BEHAVIORAL STUDIES/ The acute neurobehavioral effects of three acetates (amyl, ethyl, and n-butyl acetate) were investigated after 20-min inhalation exposures in mice using locomotor activity and a functional observational battery (FOB). Ethyl and n-butyl acetate produced significant decreases in locomotor activity at the highest concentrations examined, while amyl acetate was without effect. Minimally effective concentrations for activity-decreasing effects were 2000 ppm for ethyl acetate and 8000 ppm for n-butyl acetate. The potency order was similar in the FOB where ethyl acetate was more potent in disrupting the neurobehavioral measures. The FOB profile of effects for all three acetates included changes in posture, decreased arousal, increased tonic/clonic movements, disturbances in gait, delayed righting reflexes, and increased sensorimotor reactivity. Furthermore, handling-induced convulsions were produced in some mice acutely exposed to each of these acetates. Recovery from the acute effects of these acetates was rapid and began within minutes of removal from the exposure chamber. The acetates produced a profile of neurobehavioral effects that were different from those reported for depressant solvents (i.e., toluene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane) that are subject to abuse. Evidence is emerging for qualitative differences in the acute neurobehavioral effects of various volatile chemicals. Abstract: PubMed Bowen SE and RL Balster; Fundam Appl Toxicol 35 (2): 189-96 (1997)
from HSDB /BEHAVIORAL STUDIES/ n-Butyl acetate, a common industrial solvent, was selected by the US EPA as a chemical of concern for neurotoxicity as part of the Multisubstance Rule for the Testing of Neurotoxicity. The neurotoxic potential of n-butyl acetate was investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats using a functional observational battery, motor activity, neurohistopathology, and schedule-controlled operant behavior (SCOB) as indicators of neurotoxicity. Animals were exposed to concentrations of 0, 500, 1500, or 3000 ppm of n-butyl acetate for 6 hours per day for 65 exposures over 14 weeks. Functional observational battery and motor activity values for ad libitum-fed male and female rats were measured during Weeks -1, 4, 8, and 13. SCOB testing of foodrestricted animals, using a multiple fixed ratio/fixed interval schedule, was conducted daily prior to each exposure to maintain the operant behavior; the data from Weeks -1, 4, 8, and 13 were evaluated for evidence of neurotoxicity. Transient signs of sedation and hypoactivity were observed only during exposure to the 1500 and 3000 ppm concentrations. The only signs of systemic toxicity were reduced body weights for the 3000 ppm ad libitum-fed groups and occasionally for the female 1500 ppm ad libitum-fed group. No evidence of neurotoxicity was seen during the functional observational battery examinations. Motor activity for the 3000 ppm male group was significantly (p < or = 0.05) higher than for the control group only during Week 4. No significant differences were observed among groups for Weeks 8 and 13. No significant differences in motor activity values were observed for female rats. No significant differences were seen in operant behavior at any test vapor concentration. Microscopic evaluations of sections from the brain, spinal cord (cervical and lumbar regions), dorsal and ventral spinal roots, dorsal root ganglia, sciatic nerve, and tibial nerve of animals in the control and 3000 ppm groups did not indicate any treatment-related effects. In conclusion, there was no evidence of cumulative neurotoxicity based on the
functional observational battery, motor activity, neurohistopathology, and schedule-controlled operant behavior endpoints. The data presented here are relevant to the neurotoxicity risk assessment of n-butanol due to the rapid hydrolysis of n-butyl acetate in vivo. Abstract: PubMed David RM et al; Neurotoxicology 19 (6): 809-22 (1998)
from HSDB /GENOTOXICITY/ The mutagenicity of 43 industrial chemicals /including n-butyl acetate/ in Salmonella typhimurium (TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, and TA1538) and Escherichia coli (WP2uvrA) was examined. The mutation test was performed in the absence and presence of rat microsomal activation. No mutagenic activity was observed with /n-Butyl acetate/. Abstract: PubMed Shimizu H et al; Sangyo Igaku 27 (6): 400-19 (1985)
from HSDB /GENOTOXICITY/ Tertiary-Butyl alcohol (TBA), tertiary-butyl acetate (TBAc) and methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE) are chemicals to which the general public may be exposed either directly or as a result of their metabolism. There is little evidence that they are genotoxic; however, an earlier publication reported that significant results were obtained in Salmonella typhimurium TA102 mutagenicity tests with both TBA and MTBE. ... /The study/ present results of testing these chemicals and TBAc against S. typhimurium strains in two laboratories. The emphasis was placed on testing with S. typhimurium TA102 and the use of both dimethyl sulphoxide and water as vehicles. Dose levels up to 5000 ug/plate were used and incubations were conducted in both the presence and absence of liver S9 prepared from male rats treated with either Arochlor 1254 or phenobarbital-beta-naphthoflavone. The experiments were replicated, but in none of them was a significant mutagenic response observed, thus the current evidence indicates the TBA, TBAc and MTBE are not mutagenic in bacteria. Abstract: PubMed McGregor DB et al; Mutat Res 565(2):181-9 (2005)
from HSDB /OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ EFFECTS ON ISOLATED TISSUE WAS DEMONSTRATED BY COMBINING BUTYL ACETATE WITH CHOLINE. WHEN COMBINED WITH CHOLINE, IT EXHIBITED CONTRACTILE EFFECT ON ISOLATED GUINEA PIG ILEUM. RELEASE OF ACETYLCHOLINE BY BUTYL ACETATE WAS INDICATED & WHEN BUTYL ACETATE COMBINED WITH MUSCLE ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR, THE RESPONSE TO ACETYLCHOLINE WAS INHIBITED. ... OPDYKE DLJ; FOOD COSMET TOXICOL 17: 515-9 (1979)
from HSDB
12.1.14 Non-Human Toxicity Values LD50 Mouse ip 1320 mg/kg bw European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset for n-butyl acetate (123-86-4), p.54 (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from, as of October 26, 2011: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
from HSDB LD50 Rabbit dermal >14100 mg/kg bw European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset for n-butyl acetate (123-86-4), p.53 (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from, as of October 26, 2011: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
from HSDB LD50 Rabbit dermal >5000 mg/kg bw European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset for n-butyl acetate (123-86-4), p.53 (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from, as of October 26, 2011: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
from HSDB LD50 Rabbit dermal >17600 mg/kg bw European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset for n-butyl acetate (123-86-4), p.53 (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from, as of October 26, 2011: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
from HSDB LC50 Rat inhalation >8.82 mg/L/6 hr European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset for n-butyl acetate (123-86-4), p.48 (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from, as of October 26, 2011: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
from HSDB LC50 Rat inhalation >6.25 mg/L/6 hr European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset for n-butyl acetate (123-86-4), p.48 (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from, as of October 26, 2011: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
from HSDB LC50 Rat inhalation >29.2 mg/L/4 hr European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset for n-butyl acetate (123-86-4), p.46 (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from, as of October 26, 2011: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
from HSDB LC50 Rat inhalation 1.36-2.38 mg/L/4 hr European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset for n-butyl acetate (123-86-4), p.45 (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from, as of October 26, 2011: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
from HSDB LC50 Rat inhalation 9.6 mg/L/4 hr European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset for n-butyl acetate (123-86-4), p.45 (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from, as of October 26, 2011: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
from HSDB LC50 Rat inhalation >23.4 mg/L/4 hr European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset for n-butyl acetate (123-86-4), p.44 (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from, as of October 26, 2011: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
from HSDB LC50 Rat inhalation >21.1 mg/L/4 hr European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset for n-butyl acetate (123-86-4), p.44 (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from, as of October 26, 2011: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
from HSDB LD50 guinea pig oral 4700 mg/kg bw European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset for n-butyl acetate (123-86-4), p.43 (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from, as of October 26, 2011: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
from HSDB LD50 Rabbit oral 7437 mg/kg bw European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset for n-butyl acetate (123-86-4), p.42 (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from, as of October 26, 2011: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
from HSDB LD50 Mouse oral 7060 mg/kg bw European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset for n-butyl acetate (123-86-4), p.42 (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from, as of October 26, 2011: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
from HSDB LD50 Rat oral >3200 mg/kg bw European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset for n-butyl acetate (123-86-4), p.42 (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from, as of October 26, 2011: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
from HSDB LD50 Rat oral >6400 mg/kg bw European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset for n-butyl acetate (123-86-4), p.41 (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from, as of October 26, 2011: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
from HSDB LD50 Rat oral 10700 mg/kg bw European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset for n-butyl acetate (123-86-4), p.41 (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from, as of October 26, 2011: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
from HSDB LD50 Rat oral 12700 mg/kg bw European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset for n-butyl acetate (123-86-4), p.41 (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from, as of October 26, 2011: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
from HSDB LD50 Rat oral 14130 mg/kg bw European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset for n-butyl acetate (123-86-4), p.40 (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from, as of October 26, 2011: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
from HSDB LD50 Rat oral >8800 mg/kg bw European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset for n-butyl acetate (123-86-4), p.40 (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from, as of October 26, 2011: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
from HSDB LC50 Mouse inhalation 6000 mg/cu m2 hr Lewis, R.J. Sr. (ed) Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th Edition. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ. 2004., p. 600
from HSDB LD50 Rat oral 13,100 mg/kg Lewis, R.J. Sr. (ed) Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th Edition. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ. 2004., p. 600
from HSDB LD50 Mouse oral 7060 mg/kg Lewis, R.J. Sr. (ed) Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th Edition. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ. 2004., p. 600
from HSDB LD50 Rabbit oral 3200 mg/kg Lewis, R.J. Sr. (ed) Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th Edition. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ. 2004., p. 600
from HSDB LD50 Mouse ip 1230 mg/kg Lewis, R.J. Sr. (ed) Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th Edition. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ. 2004., p. 600
from HSDB
12.1.15 Ecotoxicity Values LC50; Species: Chlorococcales (Green Algae Order); Conditions: freshwater, static; Concentration: 1200000 ug/L for 24 hr /formulation/ Krebs F; Dtsch Gewaesserkd Mitt 35 (5-6): 161-170 (1991) as cited in the ECOTOX database. Available from, as of November 17, 2011: http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/
from HSDB LC50; Species: Daphnia magna (Water Flea) age < or =24 hr; Conditions: freshwater, static, 20-22 deg C; Concentration: 205000 ug/L for 24 hr /formulation/ Bringmann G, Kuhn R; Z Wasser-Abwasser-Forsch 10 (5): 161-166 (1977) as cited in the ECOTOX database. Available from, as of November 17, 2011: http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/
from HSDB LC50; Species: Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill); Conditions: static bioassay in fresh water, mild aeration applied after 24 hr, 23 deg C; Concentration: 100 ppm for 96 hr Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data of Organic Chemicals. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1983., p. 306
from HSDB LC50; Species: Menidia beryllina (Inland silverside); Conditions: static bioassay in synthetic seawater, mild aeration applied after 24 hr, 23 deg C; Concentration: 185 ppm for 96 hr Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data of Organic Chemicals. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1983., p. 306
from HSDB EC50; Species: Pimephales promelas (Fathead Minnow) age 31-32 days, length 22 mm, weight 0.175 g; Conditions: freshwater, flow through, 25.0 (23.8-26.2) deg C, pH 7.2 (7.1-7.3), hardness 42.8 mg/L CaCO3, alkalinity 34.0 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen 74.6 (66.5-83.6) mg/L; Concentration: 22000 ug/L for 24 hr; Effect: behavior, decreased equilibrium Call DJ et al; Fourth Quarterly Prog Rep to EPA, EPA Coop Agreement No.CR 806864030: 84 (1981) as cited in the ECOTOX database. Available from, as of November 17, 2011: http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/
from HSDB EC50; Species: Pimephales promelas (Fathead Minnow) age 31-32 days, length 22 mm, weight 0.175 g; Conditions: freshwater, flow through, 25.0 (23.8-26.2) deg C, pH 7.2 (7.1-7.3), hardness 42.8 mg/L CaCO3, alkalinity 34.0 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen 74.6 (66.5-83.6) mg/L; Concentration: 19000 ug/L for 48 hr; Effect: behavior, decreased equilibrium Call DJ et al; Fourth Quarterly Prog Rep to EPA, EPA Coop Agreement No.CR 806864030: 84 (1981) as cited in the ECOTOX database. Available from, as of November 17, 2011: http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/
from HSDB EC50; Species: Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow); Concentration: 18 mg/L for 96 hr (confidence limit 17-19 mg/L); Effect: Affected fish lost equilibrium prior to death /Conditions of bioassay not specified/ Brooke, L.T., D.J. Call, D.T. Geiger and C.E. Northcott (eds.). Acute Toxicities of Organic Chemicals to Fathead Minnows (Pimephales Promelas). Superior, WI: Center for Lake Superior Environmental Studies Univ. of Wisconsin Superior, 1984., p. 175
from HSDB LC50; Species: Pimephales promelas (Fathead Minnow) age 31-32 days, length 22 mm, weight 0.175 g; Conditions: freshwater, flow through, 25.0 (23.8-26.2) deg C, pH 7.2 (7.1-7.3), hardness 42.8 mg/L CaCO3, alkalinity 34.0 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen 74.6 (66.5-83.6) mg/L; Concentration: 23000 ug/L for 24 hr Call DJ et al; Fourth Quarterly Prog Rep to EPA, EPA Coop Agreement No.CR 806864030: 84 (1981) as cited in the ECOTOX database. Available from, as of November 17, 2011: http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/
from HSDB LC50; Species: Pimephales promelas (Fathead Minnow) age 31-32 days, length 22 mm, weight 0.175 g; Conditions: freshwater, flow through, 25.0 (23.8-26.2) deg C, pH 7.2 (7.1-7.3), hardness 42.8 mg/L CaCO3, alkalinity 34.0 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen 74.6 (66.5-83.6) mg/L; Concentration: 20000 ug/L for 48 hr Call DJ et al; Fourth Quarterly Prog Rep to EPA, EPA Coop Agreement No.CR 806864030: 84 (1981) as cited in the ECOTOX database. Available from, as of November 17, 2011: http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/
from HSDB LC50; Species: Danio rerio (Zebra Danio); Conditions: static; Concentration: 62000 ug/L for 96 hr /formulation/ Wellens H; Z Wasser-Abwasser-Forsch 51 (2): 49-52 (1982) as cited in the ECOTOX database. Available from, as of November 17, 2011: http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/
from HSDB TLm Scenedesmus (Algae) 320 ppm/96 hr at 24 deg C /Conditions of bioassay not specified/ Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data of Organic Chemicals. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1983., p. 306
from HSDB TLm Daphnia 44 ppm/48 hr at 23 deg C /Conditions of bioassay not specified/ Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data of Organic Chemicals. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1983., p. 306
from HSDB
12.1.16 Populations at Special Risk ... Employees /with skin disease, kidney disease, chronic respiratory disease, and liver disease may be/ at increased risk from butyl acetate exposure. Mackison, F. W., R. S. Stricoff, and L. J. Partridge, Jr. (eds.). NIOSH/OSHA - Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards. DHHS(NIOSH) Publication No. 81-123 (3 VOLS). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, Jan. 1981., p. 1
from HSDB The increased use of water-based paints (WBP) has changed exposure conditions for Swedish house painters but few exposure measurements have been made during the indoor application of water-based paint. The main aim of this study was to identify and quantify exposure, particularly to volatile organic compounds (VOC), during the indoor application of water-based paint. A secondary aim was to evaluate the efficacy of different sampling adsorbents for the measurement of the major volatile organic compounds emitted from water-based paint. Exposure measurements of volatile organic compounds, formaldehyde, ammonia, dust and metals were performed by personal sampling during the indoor application of water-based paints commonly used in Sweden. Volatile organic compounds were sampled on different sorbents, and were analyzed by gas chromatography with a mass selective detector. The desorption efficiency of different sorbents was also determined and XAD-7 was found to be the most appropriate for glycols and glycol ethers. Exposure to volatile organic compounds, formaldehyde, ammonia and metals was low, compared with current Swedish permissible exposure limit values (PEL) but dust exposures were found in excess of the PEL of 10 mg/cu m. A large proportion of the volatile organic compounds consisted of propyleneglycol (PG), diglycol ethers, Texanol (2,2,4-trimethyl 1,3-pentanediol monoiso-butyrate), and iso-butanol. The introduction of water-based paints has improved the work environment for most house painters by reducing the total volatile organic compound exposure, but volatile organic compound exposure has now shifted towards compounds which are more polar and which have higher boiling points. Norback D et al; Annals of Occupational Hygiene 39 (6): 783-794 (1995)
from HSDB
12.2 EPA Chemical Testing Results
EPA Chemical Testing Results: 1 of 8 (Study Code/Type) Study Code/Type
HENEUR Functional Obser vational Battery, subchronic
Protocol/Guideline
1991 EPA Guideline EPA 540/09-01-123
Species
rat
Exposure
inhalation, 6 hrs, 14 wks
Dose/Concentration
0, 500, 1500. 3000 ppm
Number/Group
10/sex (500 and 1500 ppm), 15/sex (3000 ppm)
Results
No spontaneous mortality occurred during the study. Exposures to n-butyl acetate vapors resulted in acute, transient signs of reduced activity levels on a daily basis at 1500 and 3000 ppm, but no evidence of a cumulative effect on activity during the 14 week exposure. There was no evidence of neurotoxicity based on functional observational battery tests. The NOEL was 3000 ppm for this study.
Reference
61 FR 11414; 3/20/96, Docket . 44622 from EPA Chemicals under the TSCA
EPA Chemical Testing Results: 2 of 8 (Study Code/Type) Study Code/Type
HENEUR Motor Activity, subchronic
Protocol/Guideline
1991 EPA Guideline EPA 540/09-01-123
Species
rat
Exposure
inhalation, 6 hrs, 14 wks
Dose/Concentration
0, 500, 3000, 6000 ppm
Number/Group
10/sex (500 and 1500 ppm), 15/sex (3000 ppm)
Results
No spontaneous mortality occurred during the study. Exposures to n-butyl acetate vapors resulted in acute, transient signs of reduced activity levels on a daily basis at 1500 and 3000 ppm, but no evidence of a cumulative effect on activity during the 14 week exposure. There was no evidence of neurotoxicity based on motor activity. The NOEL was 3000 ppm for this study.
Reference
61 FR 11414; 3/20/96, Docket . 44622 from EPA Chemicals under the TSCA
EPA Chemical Testing Results: 3 of 8 (Study Code/Type) Study Code/Type
HENEUR Functional Obser vational Battery, acute
Protocol/Guideline
1991 EPA Guideline EPA 540/09-01-123
Species
rat
Exposure
inhalation, 6hrs
Dose/Concentration
0, 500, 3000, 6000 ppm
Number/Group
10/sex/dose
Results
Concentrations of 1500, 3000, and 6000 ppm reduced activity and response to stimulus during exposure. Sialorrhea was observed in treated male rats, but only occasionally in treated female rats. Tearing was also noted occasionally in treated female rats. No deaths were noted during exposure and no clinical signs of toxicity noted at any time post-exposure. In the Functional Observational Battery (FOB) on day 0, the hair coat scores of the 6000 ppm group were significantly higher than in controls. Forelimb grip strength for females in the 3000 ppm group was significantly higher on day 0, than for the control group. There were no differences in hair coat scores and forelimb grip strength on days 7 and 14. The differences in mean body weight between treated and control
groups were less than 10%. No treatment-related gross lesions were noted at necropsy. The N0EL for changes that occurred after animals were removed from vapor was 1500 ppm. Reference
59 FR 54193; 10/28/94, Docket OPPTS-44613 from EPA Chemicals under the TSCA
View All 8 EPA Chemical Testing Results
12.3 Ecological Information 12.3.1 ICSC Environmental Data The substance is harmful to aquatic organisms. from ILO-ICSC
12.3.2 Environmental Fate/Exposure Summary n-Butyl acetate's production and use in the manufacturing of lacquer, artificial leather, photographic films, plastics and safety glass may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. n-Butyl acetate occurs naturally in many fruits and plants and may be released into the environment as a plant volatile. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 11.5 mm Hg at 25 deg C indicates n-butyl acetate will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase n-butyl acetate will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 3.8 days. n-Butyl acetate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, n-butyl acetate is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 19. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon a Henry's Law constant of 2.81X10-4 atm-cu m/mole. n-Butyl acetate may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Using a standard BOD dilution technique and a sewage inoculum, theoretical BODs of 56% to 86% were observed during 5 and 20 day incubation periods, which suggests that n-butyl acetate may biodegrade in soil. If released into water, n-butyl acetate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. 5-Day theoretical BOD values of 20.9%, 56.8% and 51.8% were measured for n-butyl acetate in river water, distilled water and seawater, respectively, indicating biodegradation in water may be an important fate process. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 6.5 hours and 5.3 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 7 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis may be an important environmental fate for this compound based upon experimentally determined hydrolysis half-lives of 114 and 11 days at pH 8 and 9, respectively. Occupational exposure to n-butyl acetate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where n-butyl acetate is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to n-butyl acetate via inhalation of ambient air and via ingestion of food and drinking water. (SRC) from HSDB
12.3.3 Natural Occurring Sources ... OCCUR NATURALLY ... IN BANANAS & RELATED FRUIT. ... IS ALSO BIOSYNTHESIZED DURING FERMENTATION PROCESSES IN YEASTS. Clayton, G.D., F.E. Clayton (eds.) Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Volumes 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F: Toxicology. 4th ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1993-1994., p. 2984
from HSDB n-Butyl acetate occurs naturally in many fruits and plants and may be released into the environment as a plant volatile(1). (1) Guenther A et al; Atmos Environ 28: 1197-1210 (1994)
from HSDB
12.3.4 Artificial Sources n-Butyl acetate's production and use in the manufacturing of lacquer, artificial leather, photographic films, plastics and safety glass(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). (1) O'Neil MJ, ed; The Merck Index. 14th ed., Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck and Co, Inc, p. 253 (2006)
from HSDB
12.3.5 Environmental Fate TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 19(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that n-butyl acetate is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of n-butyl acetate from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 2.81X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(3). n-Butyl acetate is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 11.5 mm Hg at 25 deg C(4). Using a standard BOD dilution technique and a sewage inoculum, theoretical BODs of 56% to 86% were observed during 5 and 20 day incubation periods(5), which suggests that n-butyl acetate may biodegrade in soil(SRC). (1) Swann RL et al; Res Rev 85: 17-28 (1983) (2) US EPA; Estimation Program Interface (EPI) Suite. Ver. 4.1. Jan, 2011. Available from, as of Oct 13, 2011: http://www.epa.gov/oppt/exposure/pubs/episuitedl.htm (3) Staudinger J, Roberts PV; Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 26: 205-97 (1996) (4) Daubert TE, Danner RP; Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Pure Chemicals: Data Compilation. New York, NY: Hemisphere Pub Corp, (1989) (5) Waggy GT et al; Environ Toxicol Chem 13: 1277-80 (1994)
from HSDB AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 19(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that n-butyl acetate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 2.81X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 6.5 hours and 5.3 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 7(SRC), from its log Kow of 1.78(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Using a filtered sewage seed, 5-day and 20-day theoretical BODs of 58% and 83% were measured in freshwater dilution tests; 5-day and 20-day theoretical BODs of 40% and 61% were measured in salt water(8). A 5day theoretical BOD of 56.8% and 51.8% were measured for n-butyl acetate in distilled water and seawater, respectively(9). Using river water as seed, 5-day and 20-day theoretical BODs of 20.9% and 55.4% were measured(10). Hydrolysis may be an important environmental fate for this compound based upon experimentally determined hydrolysis half-lives of 114 and 11 days at pH 8 and 9 respectively(11), suggesting that hydrolysis may be the more important environmental fate process in water(SRC). (1) Swann RL et al; Res Rev 85: 17-28 (1983) (2) US EPA; Estimation Program Interface (EPI) Suite. Ver. 4.1. Jan, 2011. Available from, as of Oct 13, 2011: http://www.epa.gov/oppt/exposure/pubs/episuitedl.htm (3) Lyman WJ et al; Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods. Washington, DC: Amer Chem Soc pp. 15-1 to 15-29 (1990) (4) Staudinger J, Roberts PV; Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 26: 205-97 (1996) (5) Franke C et al; Chemosphere 29: 1501-14 (1994) (6) Hansch C et al; Exploring QSAR. Hydrophobic, Electronic, and Steric Constants. ACS Prof Ref Book. Heller SR, consult. ed., Washington, DC: Amer Chem Soc p. 26 (1995) (7) Meylan WM et al; Environ Toxicol Chem 18: 664-72 (1999) (8) Price KS et al; J Water Pollut Contr Fed 46: 63 (1974) (9) Takemoto S et al; Suishitsu Odaku Kenkyu 4: 80 (1981) (10) Lamb CB, Jenkins GF; pp. 326-29 in Proc 8th Industrial Waste Conf, Purdue Univ (1952) (11) Mabey W, Mill T; J Phys Chem Ref Data 7: 383 (1978)
from HSDB ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), n-butyl acetate, which has a vapor pressure of 11.5 mm Hg at 25 deg C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase n-butyl acetate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 3.8 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 4.2X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 deg C(3). n-Butyl acetate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). (1) Bidleman TF; Environ Sci Technol 22: 361-367 (1988) (2) Daubert TE, Danner RP; Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Pure Chemicals: Data Compilation. New York, NY: Hemisphere Pub Corp, (1989) (3) Atkinson R; J Phys Chem Ref Data No 1 (1989) (4) Lyman WJ et al; Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods. Washington, DC: Amer Chem Soc pp. 8-12 (1990)
from HSDB
12.3.6 Biodegredation BIOLOGICAL OXYGEN DEMAND: 0.15 TO 0.5 LB/LB, 5 DAYS (THEORETICAL) 52%. U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation. CHRIS - Hazardous Chemical Data. Volume II. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984-5.
from HSDB AEROBIC: Using a settled sewage seed, 5-day and 20-day theoretical BODs of 23.5% and 57.4% were measured for n-butyl acetate via standard dilution water tests(1). Using river water as seed, 5-day and 20-day theoretical BODs of 20.9% and 55.4% were measured(1). Using a filtered sewage seed, 5-day and 20-day theoretical BODs of 58% and 83% were measured in freshwater dilution tests; 5-day and 20-day theoretical BODs of 40% and 61% were measured in salt water(2). A 5-day theoretical BOD of 56.8% and 51.8% were measured for n-butyl acetate in distilled water and seawater, respectively, using the standard dilution method(3). Using a raw sewage seed, 5, 10, 15, and 20-day theoretical BODs of 56%, 68%, 70% and 83% were observed for n-butyl acetate(4). Using OECD method 301D and Closed Bottle test measuring oxygen consumption, n-butyl acetate achieved 98% and 83% theoretical BOD in 28 days, respectively(5). (1) Lamb CB, Jenkins GF; pp. 326-29 in Proc 8th Industrial Waste Conf, Purdue Univ (1952) (2) Price KS et al; J Water Pollut Contr Fed 46: 63 (1974) (3) Takemoto S et al; Suishitsu Odaku Kenkyu 4: 80 (1981) (4) Waggy GT et al; Environ Toxicol Chem 13: 1277-80 (1994) (5) Staples CA; Chemosphere 45: 339-46 (2001)
from HSDB
12.3.7 Abiotic Degredation The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of n-butyl acetate with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been reported as 4.2X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 deg C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 3.8 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Based on experimentally determined acid-, base-catalyzed
hydrolysis rate constants at 20 deg C(2), the hydrolysis half-lives of n-butyl acetate at pH 7, 8, and 9 are 3.1 years, 114 days and 11 days respectively(SRC). n-Butyl acetate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(3) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). (1) Atkinson R; J Phys Chem Ref Data No 1 (1989) (2) Mabey W, Mill T; J Phys Chem Ref Data 7: 383 (1978) (3) Lyman WJ et al; Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods. Washington, DC: Amer Chem Soc pp. 8-12 (1990)
from HSDB
12.3.8 Bioconcentration An estimated BCF of 7 was calculated in fish for n-butyl acetate(SRC), using a log Kow of 1.78(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). (1) Hansch C et al; Exploring QSAR. Hydrophobic, Electronic, and Steric Constants. ACS Prof Ref Book. Heller SR, consult. ed., Washington, DC: Amer Chem Soc p. 26 (1995) (2) Meylan WM et al; Environ Toxicol Chem 18: 664-72 (1999) (3) Franke C et al; Chemosphere 29: 1501-14 (1994)
from HSDB
12.3.9 Soil Adsorption/Mobility Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of n-butyl acetate can be estimated to be 19(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that n-butyl acetate is expected to have very high mobility in soil. (1) US EPA; Estimation Program Interface (EPI) Suite. Ver. 4.1. Jan, 2011. Available from, as of Oct 13, 2011: http://www.epa.gov/oppt/exposure/pubs/episuitedl.htm (2) Swann RL et al; Res Rev 85: 17-28 (1983)
from HSDB
12.3.10 Volatilization from Water/Soil The Henry's Law constant for n-butyl acetate is 2.81X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that n-butyl acetate is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 6.5 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 5.3 days(SRC). n-Butyl acetate's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). n-Butyl acetate is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 11.5 mm Hg(3). (1) Staudinger J, Roberts PV; Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 26: 205-97 (1996) (2) Lyman WJ et al; Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods. Washington, DC: Amer Chem Soc pp. 15-1 to 15-29 (1990) (3) Daubert TE, Danner RP; Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Pure Chemicals: Data Compilation. New York, NY: Hemisphere Pub Corp (1989)
from HSDB
12.3.11 Water Concentrations GROUNDWATER: n-Butyl acetate was detected in groundwater in the Netherlands at a maximum concentration of 1 ppb(1). (1) Zoeteman BCJ et al; Sci Total Environ 21: 187 (1981)
from HSDB DRINKING WATER: n-Butyl acetate was detected in less than 5% of finished waters using groundwater supplies based on US federal studies(1). n-Butyl acetate was qualitatively detected in finished drinking water from England(2) and Dordrecht, Germany(3). (1) Dyksen JE, Hess AF III; J Amer Water Works Assoc 74: 394 (1982) (2) Fielding M et al; Organic Micropollut in Drinking Water Medmenham, Eng Water Res Cent TR-159 (1981) (3) Shackelford WM, Keith LH; Freq of Org Compounds Identified in Water. USEPA 600/4-76-062 (1976)
from HSDB SURFACE WATER: n-Butyl acetate was qualitatively detected in Ijssel Lake water, The Netherlands(1). (1) Shackelford WM, Keith LH; Frequency of Org Compounds Identified in Water. USEPA 600/4-76-062 (1976)
from HSDB
12.3.12 Effluents Concentrations
n-Butyl acetate was identified in 1 of 63 US industrial wastewater effluents at a concentration below 10 ppb(1). n-Butyl acetate was detected at a mean concentration of 5.72 ug/cu m in the effluent of a waste incinerator in Germany(2). n-Butyl acetate was identified in the effluents of waste treatment facilities in CA and Washington DC(3). n-Butyl acetate was identified, not quantified, in the emissions of textile floor coverings(4) and printing inks(5). UK emissions of n-butyl acetate were reported as 0.44% by mass distribution in 1990(6). n-Butyl acetate was detected in solfataric fields near Mendeleev, Golovnin and Tyatya volcanos(7). Estimated yearly road traffic emissions of n-butyl acetate in Switzerland is reported as 0.007 kilotons(8). n-Butyl acetate was emitted from three day old floor coverings at rates of 5 and 1 ug/sq m-hr for oiled parquet and waxed parquet, respectively(9). These rates remained the same after 28 days(9). n-Butyl acetate was detected in 33 of 44 furniture emission samples(10). n-Butyl acetate was detected but not quantified in the emissions of kitchen waste exudate(11), waste exudate and head space in laboratory waste(12). (1) Perry DL et al; Identification Of Organic Compounds In Industrial Effluent Discharges. USEPA-600/4-79-016 (1979) (2) Jay K, Stieglitz L; Chemosphere 30: 1249-60 (1995) (3) Lucas SV; GC/MS Analysis of Org in Drinking Water Concentrates and Advanced Waste Treatment Concentrates USEPA 600/1-84-020A NTIS PB-294794 pp. 321 (1984) (4) Sollinger S et al; Atmos Environ 28: 2369-78 (1994) (5) Rastogi SC; Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 48: 567-71 (1991) (6) Derwent RG; Atmos Environ 30: 181-94 (1996) (7) Isidorov VA et al; J Atmos Chem 10: 329-40 (1990) (8) Legreid G et al; Environ Sci Technol 41: 7060-6 (2007) (9) Saarela K; in Organic Indoor Air Pollutants, Occurrence, Measurement, Evaluation. Salthammer T, ed., New York, NY: Wiley-VCH, pp 185-202 (1999) (10) Salthammer T; Indoor Air 7: 189-97 (1997) (11) Wilkins CK, Larsen K; J High Resolut Chromatogr 18: 373-7 (1995) (12) Wilkins K, Larsen K; Chemosphere 32: 2049-55 (1996)
from HSDB
12.3.13 Atmospheric Concentrations URBAN/SUBURBAN: n-Butyl acetate was detected at a concentration of 3,000 ng/cu m in the air near an industrial site in Newark, NJ(1). (1) Pellizzari ED; The Measurement of Carcinogenic Vapors in Ambient Atmosphere. USEPA 600/7-77-055 (1977)
from HSDB INDOOR AIR: n-Butyl Acetate was detected at median concentrations of 2-5 ug/cu m in private homes in England(1) and at 34 and 14 ug/cu m in homes in northern Italy(2). n-Butyl Acetate was identified in 69% of samples taken from 26 houses in Finland(3). The mean concentration of n-butyl acetate reported in West German houses was 6.1 ug/cu m(4). n-Butyl acetate was detected at a concentration of 549 ug/cu m in a freshly renovated building in Switzerland(5). n-Butyl acetate was found at concentrations of <0.1-2.8 ppb in new manufactured and at 0.6-14.1 ppb in site-built houses(6). Indoor air concentrations of n-butyl acetate were reported at 0.5 to 1905.8 ug/cu m during 18 days of finishing work on a newly built apartment, these values dropped to <0.1 to 9.7 ug/cu m two months later and to <0.1 to 22.4 ug/cu m nine months later(7). (1) Crump DR; Issues Environ Sci Technol 4: 109-24 (1995) (2) Debortoli M et al; Environ Int 12: 343-50 (1986) (3) Kostianen R; Atmos Environ 29: 693-702 (1995) (4) Otson R, Fellin P; pp. 335-421 in Gas Pollut: Charact Cycl, Nrigau JO, ed, New York, NY: Wiley & Sons Inc (1992) (5) Rothweiler H et al; Atmos Environ 26A: 2219-25 (1992) (6) Hodgson AT et al; Indoor Air 10: 178-92 (2000) (7) Zabiegala B et al; Chemosphere 39: 2035-46 (1999)
from HSDB RURAL/REMOTE: n-Butyl acetate was identified, not quantified, in a forest in Germany(1). (1) Helmig D et al; Chemosphere 19: 1399-1412 (1989)
from HSDB SOURCE DOMINATED: n-Butyl acetate was reported in paint mixing area of six auto-painting garages at 0.2 to 2.0 ppm(1). (1) Moen BE, Hollund BE; Ann Occup Hyg 44: 185-9 (2000)
from HSDB
12.3.14 Food Survey Values n-Butyl acetate has been detected as a volatile flavor component of baked potatoes(1) and roasted filbert nuts(2). It has been identified as a naturally occurring flavor and fragrance component of apples(3). n-Butyl acetate has been identified in cheese volatiles(4), apricots and plumbs(5), dalieb fruit(6), apples(7,8), volatiles of chickpea seeds(9) and nectarines(10). n-Butyl acetate was not detected in scrambled eggs made from supermarket purchased, fresh unstored or fresh stored eggs(11). (1) Coleman EC et al; J Agric Food Chem 29: 42 (1981) (2) Kinlin TE et al; J Agric Food Chem 20: 1021 (1972) (3) Nicholas HJ; pp. 381 in Phytochemistry Vol.II, New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold (1973) (4) Dumont JP, Adda L; J Agric food Chem 26: 364-67 (1978) (5) Gomez E et al; J Agric food Chem 41: 1669-76 (1993) (6) Harper DB et al; J Sci food Agic 37: 685-88 (1986) (7) Mattheis JP et al; J Agric food Chem 39: 1902-06 (1991) (8) Yajima I et al; Agric Biol Chem 48: 849-55 (1984) (9) Rembold H et al; J Agric food Chem 37: 659-62 (1989) (10) Takeoka GR et al; J Agric food Chem 36: 553-60 (1988) (11) Matiella JE, Hsieh TCY; J Food Sci 56: 387-90, 426 (1991)
from HSDB
12.3.15 Plant Concentrations Butyl acetate has been identified as a naturally occurring component of apples(1). Butyl acetate was reported in the skin and pulp of Queen Anne's pocket melon (Cucumis melo L) at 123.9 and
110.5 ug/kg, respectively(2). n-Butyl acetate was detected in the head space of golden delicious apples 1, 5, 8, 12, 14, 16, 19 and 22 days after harvesting at concentrations of 0.53, 1.73, 15.35, 64.97, 81.45, 78.25, 79.41 and 71.12 ug/6 L head space, respectively(3). n-Butyl acetate was detected as a volatile component of Miyabi variety of Japanese muskmelon(4). (1) Nicholas HJ; p 381 in Phytochemistry Vol.II, New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold (1973) (2) Aubert C, Pitrat M; J Agric Food Chem 54: 8177-82 (2006) (3) Dirinck P et al; in Analysis of Volatiles, Walter DeGruyter & Co, Berlin pp 381-400 (1984) (4) Hayata Y et al; J Agric Food Chem 51: 3415-8 (2003)
from HSDB
12.3.16 Fish/Seafood Concentrations n-Butyl acetate was found in Charybdis feriatus crabs at 0.9, 0.8 and 1.5 ug/kg in the leg, body and carapace, respectively(1). (1) Chung HY; J Agric Food Chem 47: 2280-7 (1999)
from HSDB
12.3.17 Other Environmental Concentrations n-Butyl acetate was detected in the head space of a liquid wax house product(1). n-Butyl acetate was detected in 18% of 58 organic thinner products with an arithmetic mean of 16.8 and was not detected in degreasers or other miscellaneous organic solvent products collected nationwide in Japan(2). n-Butyl acetate was detected in printers ink for serigraphy on paper, paper boards, electric and electronic article(3). (1) Knoeppel H, Schauenburg H; Environ Int 15: 413-8 (1998) (2) Inoue T et al; Ind Health 21: 175-84 (1983) (3) Rastogi SC; Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 20: 543-7 (1991)
from HSDB
12.3.18 Probable Routes of Human Exposure According to the 2006 TSCA Inventory Update Report, the number of workers reasonably likely to be exposed in the industrial manufacturing, processing, and use for n-butyl acetate is 1000 or greater persons; the data may be greatly underestimated(1). (1) US EPA; Inventory Update Reporting (IUR). Non-confidential 2006 IUR Records by Chemical, including Manufacturing, Processing and Use Information. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Available from, as of Oct 13, 2011: http://cfpub.epa.gov/iursearch/index.cfm
from HSDB NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 822,099 workers (143,606 of these were female) were potentially exposed to n-butyl acetate in the US(1). Occupational exposure to n-butyl acetate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where n-butyl acetate is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to n-butyl acetate via inhalation of ambient air and via ingestion of food and drinking water(SRC). (1) NIOSH; NOES. National Occupational Exposure Survey conducted from 1981-1983. Estimated numbers of employees potentially exposed to specific agents by 2-digit standard industrial classification (SIC). Available from, as of Oct 13, 2011: http://www.cdc.gov/noes/
from HSDB The average TWA of n-butyl acetate detected in worker breathing zones of 3 companies using spray painting and gluing was 0.8 ppm; the highest single concentration was 6.8 ppm(1). The TWA of n-butyl acetate in workrooms of screen printing shops was in the range of 0.02-0.79 mg/cu m and the TWA of n-butyl acetate in houses above these shops were in the range of 0.08-0.14 mg/cu m(2). n-Butyl acetate was detected in the breathing zones of a microelectronics fabrication plant at concentrations of <0.3 ppb(3). n-Butyl acetate was detected in the breathing zone of a paint manufacturing plant at an average concentration of 5.07 ppm(4). n-Butyl acetate was reported in personal air samples of painters in six auto-painting garages at 0.3 to 1.0 ppm(5). n-Butyl acetate was identified in the breathing zones of silk screen printing shops at an average concentration of 2.8 mg/cu m(6). n-Butyl acetate was detected in the breathing zone of 57 of 70 artificial nail technicians at concentrations of 0.001 to 0.42 ppm(7). n-Butyl acetate was reported at <1 to 22 ppm during parquet work (installation with dispersion adhesives, puttying, sanding after puttying, undercoat varnishing and urea-formaldehyde varnishing)(8). Personal air samples taken while spraying primer on airplanes in three different hangers averaged 1.29, 1.79 and 2.08 ppm; while spraying surface paint averages were 4.03, 3.55 and 4.63 ppm for n-butyl acetate(9). In 46 painting workshops located in Sidney, Australia, n-butyl acetate was detected in 7 of 70 personal air samples at 2 to 23 mg/cu m(10). (1) Whitehead LW et al; Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 45: 767-74 (1984) (2) Verhoeff AP et al; Int Arch Occup Environ Health 60: 201-09 (1988) (3) Hallock MF et al; Appl Occup Environ Hyg 8: 945-54 (1993) (4) Myer HE et al; Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 54: 663-70 (1993) (5) Moen BE, Hollund BE; Ann Occup Hyg 44: 185-9 (2000) (6) Veulemans H et al; Scan J work Environ Health 13: 239-42 (1987) (7) Gjolstad M et al; J Environ Monit 8: 537-42 (2006) (8) Riala REE, Riihimaki HA; Appl Occup Environ Hyg 6: 301-8 (1991) (9) Uang S et al; Sci Total Environ 356: 38-44 (2006) (10) Winder C, Turner PJ; Ann Occup Hyg 36: 385-94 (1992)
from HSDB
12.3.19 Body Burdens
n-Butyl acetate was detected in the expired breath of 3 of 8 human subjects at an expiration rate of 8.7-41.0 ug/hr(1). n-Butyl acetate was detected in 31 % of 387 expired air samples collected from 54 human volunteers at a mean concentration of 0.2 ng/L(2). (1) Conckle JP et al; Arch Environ Health 30: 290-95 (1975) (2) Krotosyzynski BK et al; J Anal Toxicol 3: 225 (1979)
from HSDB
13 Literature 13.1 Depositor Provided PubMed Citations LOADING... PLEASE WAIT...
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13.3 Metabolite References Download 1 to 2 of 2 PMID
Reference
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Shahin M, Murthy SS: Sub-Tg relaxations due to dipolar solutes in nonpolar glass-forming solvents. J Chem Phys. 2005 Jan 1;122(1):14507. Yannai, Shmuel. (2004) Dictionary of food compounds with CD-ROM: Additives, flavors, and ingredients. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC. from Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
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18 Information Sources 1. CAMEO Chemicals /source/CAMEO Chemicals BUTYL ACETATE https://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/chemical/2672 https://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/chemical/2672 CAMEO Chemical Reactivity Classification https://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/browse/react https://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/browse/react
2. ChemIDplus /source/ChemIDplus n-Butyl acetate https://chem.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/sid/0000123864 https://chem.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/sid/0000123864 ChemIDplus Chemical Information Classification https://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidheavy.jsp https://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidheavy.jsp
3. DTP/NCI /source/DTP/NCI Butyl acetate https://dtp.cancer.gov/dtpstandard/servlet/dwindex?searchtype=NSC&outputformat=html&searchlist=9298 https://dtp.cancer.gov/dtpstandard/servlet/dwindex? searchtype=NSC&outputformat=html&searchlist=9298
4. EPA Chemicals under the TSCA /source/EPA Chemicals under the TSCA Acetic acid, butyl ester http://www.epa.gov/chemical-data-reporting http://www.epa.gov/chemical-data-reporting n-Butyl acetate http://www.epa.gov/chemicals-under-tsca http://www.epa.gov/chemicals-under-tsca
5. EPA DSStox /source/EPA DSStox Butyl acetate https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/dsstoxdb/results?search=DTXSID3021982 https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/dsstoxdb/results?search=DTXSID3021982
6. European Chemicals Agency - ECHA /source/European Chemicals Agency - ECHA N-butyl acetate https://www.echa.europa.eu https://www.echa.europa.eu N-butyl acetate https://www.echa.europa.eu/web/guest/information-on-chemicals/cl-inventory-database/-/discli/details/56478 https://www.echa.europa.eu/web/guest/information-on-chemicals/cl-inventory-database//discli/details/56478
7. Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) /source/Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) n-Butyl acetate http://www.hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0031325 http://www.hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0031325
8. ILO-ICSC /source/ILO-ICSC n-BUTYL ACETATE http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.display?p_version=2&p_card_id=0399 http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.display?p_version=2&p_card_id=0399
9. OSHA Occupational Chemical DB /source/OSHA Occupational Chemical DB N-BUTYL ACETATE http://www.osha.gov/chemicaldata/chemResult.html?RecNo=178 http://www.osha.gov/chemicaldata/chemResult.html?RecNo=178
10. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH /source/The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health - NIOSH Acetic acid, butyl ester https://www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/AF7026F0.html https://www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/AF7026F0.html n-Butyl acetate https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0072.html https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0072.html
11. NJDOH RTK Hazardous Substance List /source/NJDOH RTK Hazardous Substance List n-butyl acetate http://nj.gov/health/eoh/rtkweb/documents/fs/1329.pdf http://nj.gov/health/eoh/rtkweb/documents/fs/1329.pdf
12. HSDB /source/HSDB N-BUTYL ACETATE https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/r?dbs+hsdb:@term+@rn+@rel+123-86-4 https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/r?dbs+hsdb:@term+@rn+@rel+123-86-4
13. EU Food Improvement Agents /source/EU Food Improvement Agents Butyl acetate http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32012R0872 http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32012R0872
14. FAO/WHO Food Additive Evaluations - JECFA /source/FAO/WHO Food Additive Evaluations - JECFA ACETIC ACID BUTYL ESTER http://apps.who.int/food-additives-contaminants-jecfa-database/chemical.aspx?chemID=1241 http://apps.who.int/food-additives-contaminants-jecfa-database/chemical.aspx?chemID=1241
15. EU REGULATION (EC) No 1272/2008 /source/EU REGULATION (EC) No 1272/2008 n-butyl acetate http://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/chemicals/classification-labelling/index_en.htm http://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/chemicals/classification-labelling/index_en.htm
16. NITE-CMC /source/NITE-CMC Butyl acetate http://www.safe.nite.go.jp/english/ghs/14-mhlw-2118e.html http://www.safe.nite.go.jp/english/ghs/14-mhlw-2118e.html
17. Safe Work Australia - HCIS /source/Safe Work Australia - HCIS 123-86-4 http://hcis.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/HazardousChemical/Details?chemicalID=40 http://hcis.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/HazardousChemical/Details?chemicalID=40
18. FDA/SPL Indexing Data /source/FDA/SPL Indexing Data 464P5N1905 https://www.fda.gov/ForIndustry/DataStandards/SubstanceRegistrationSystem-UniqueIngredientIdentifierUNII/ https://www.fda.gov/ForIndustry/DataStandards/SubstanceRegistrationSystemUniqueIngredientIdentifierUNII/
19. Flavor & Extract Manufacturers Association - FEMA /source/Flavor & Extract Manufacturers Association - FEMA BUTYL ACETATE https://www.femaflavor.org/flavor-library/butyl-acetate https://www.femaflavor.org/flavor-library/butyl-acetate
20. SpectraBase /source/SpectraBase https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#7cvc6Uh9he6 https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#7cvc6Uh9he6 https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#JcSY6MsEsen https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#JcSY6MsEsen https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#JPp5Ghp3aeT https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#JPp5Ghp3aeT https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#Gd4lFxsxwry https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#Gd4lFxsxwry https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#8puJxvjmT6W https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#8puJxvjmT6W https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#DMK3uHIJFEj https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#DMK3uHIJFEj https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#GFGfadJFLlk https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#GFGfadJFLlk https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#J37JmEXbboc https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#J37JmEXbboc https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#AGmU9mNM1jn https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#AGmU9mNM1jn https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#9kAE20P38SH https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#9kAE20P38SH https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#AvNv5Pilcuu https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#AvNv5Pilcuu https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#7rzs5ycDi4F https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#7rzs5ycDi4F https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#HCT7lHjnM5g https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#HCT7lHjnM5g https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#ApTtbkNm4oj https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#ApTtbkNm4oj https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#HI4eDY0aHxr https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#HI4eDY0aHxr https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#D265lGZie2g https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#D265lGZie2g https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#J1XV1oBURgJ https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#J1XV1oBURgJ https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#FNx0AVN3CIM https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#FNx0AVN3CIM https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#7kzNuGcIw8y https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#7kzNuGcIw8y https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#GYq73rvUJpf https://spectrabase.com/compound/4poB0lQ128D#GYq73rvUJpf
21. NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods /source/NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods 123-86-4 http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2003-154/pdfs/2549.pdf http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2003-154/pdfs/2549.pdf 123-86-4 http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2003-154/pdfs/1450.pdf http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2003-154/pdfs/1450.pdf
22. NIST /source/NIST Acetic acid, butyl ester http://www.nist.gov/srd/nist1a.cfm http://www.nist.gov/srd/nist1a.cfm
23. OSHA Chemical Sampling Information /source/OSHA Chemical Sampling Information
n-Butyl Acetate https://www.osha.gov/dts/chemicalsampling/data/CH_222500.html https://www.osha.gov/dts/chemicalsampling/data/CH_222500.html
24. Springer Nature /source/Springer Nature Literature references related to scientific contents from Springer Nature journals and books. Read more ... https://link.springer.com/
25. The Cambridge Structural Database /source/The Cambridge Structural Database The Cambridge Structural Database provides access to 3D structures of molecules determined experimentally using diffraction techniques. http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/pages/Home.aspx http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/pages/Home.aspx
26. Wikipedia /source/Wikipedia butyl acetate https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butyl_acetate https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butyl_acetate
27. PubChem Data deposited in or computed by PubChem https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
28. MeSH /source/MeSH butyl acetate https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/67006848 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/67006848 MeSH Tree http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/meshhome.html http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/meshhome.html
29. ChEBI /source/ChEBI ChEBI Ontology http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/userManualForward.do#ChEBI%20Ontology http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/userManualForward.do#ChEBI%20Ontology
30. WIPO /source/WIPO International Patent Classification http://www.wipo.int/classifications/ipc/ http://www.wipo.int/classifications/ipc/
31. KEGG /source/KEGG Pharmaceutical additives in Japan http://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/get_htext?br08316.keg http://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/get_htext?br08316.keg
32. WHO ATC /source/WHO ATC ATC Code https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/ https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/
33. NCBI LinkOut is a service that allows one to link directly from NCBI databases to a wide range of information and services beyond NCBI systems. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/linkout https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/linkout
